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Public Affairs inst. Warned Democracy Not Accomplished

By FORBES IIIUDE (anaiiiaa Press " ' Editor

TORONTO (CPJ-English-lang uage Canadians tend to think that us-ng the word "d e ni o c r s c y" makes democracy a fact.

i-'rent:ii - language Canadians. pt'i'll8pS for historical reasons. lack a strong faith in democracy.

'l'he views are from Father Louis O'Neill. teacher in philos- ophy at Laval University. given at the winter week-end conference oi ihe Canadian institute of Public

Affairs. The young clergyman-ordained only six years ago - obviously

made a strung impression on his generally older audience.

His sensitive face and semi- preu-:--xt hair gave him a very hmlsh look in his black garb. and he drew perhaps the biggest an plause of the conference when he said.

"We must realize that democ- racy requires virtue, intelligence and social sense -- we need to build."

DEMOCRACY NOT REAIJTY

Father O'Neill, already well- known for his coatithorshlp last year of an article entitled Public immorality in the Province of Quebec. dealt principally with political attitudes in his own prov- ince and repeated in essence many of the criticisms made in last year's article.

Gussionally, however, he inter spersed his remarks on Quebec with such comment as:

"Proofs of a similar way of do- ing could probably be given in other provinceal."

Ll

A from the floor. said:

"i think Father O'Neill is just being more frank than are we from other provinces."

Fathe. O'Neill concluded that "ln French Canada. as in other north American countriet. democ- racy is not an accomplished real- ity. but a tender. y rather than an achie.tment."

Reviewing attitudes among French Canadian voters. Father O'Neill said quite a few seam sceptical about politics and politi- eians.

" 'on part or another. what's the difference” one often bears. some representatives would be unhapptly surprised to learn what their supporters really think of them.

"The main problem for many voters would seem to be how to avoid things getting worse-

"The major aim for them be- comes preservation of essential or supposed essc tlal values or sent- iments - such as autonomy and ' '-"-'- clever '

Had To Pay For Holiday Anyway

LONDON tCPl-She saved for a stay by the seaside. But, on ac- count of Suez, she never saw Sus- sex and got sued for a sizable Illm.

it all happened because Mrs. Lorna Brown. a London stock clerk. reserved accommodations at Middleton-on-Sea for herself. her husband, her mother and her three children over the Christmas holl- day.

The Suez crisis intervened. Mrs. Brown found herself with only two gallons of gas for the i2 -mile round trip to Sussex. Her husband worked too late to allow them to catch the last train. Regretfully she cancelled her reservations.-

Her prospective landlady sought recovery of M7 ls-the value of the Browns' accommodatlon- 0n

will make people believe to be in dang;r." Ii'

.. L ,.

':.... r 1,, their lack of understanding of ent language. had much toward the importance of sentimental values in the minda oi Frenchcanadians and had thus

many Englishspeaking Canadian: tended to think of the federal gov- ernment as belonging to them.

ELECTIONS DEGENERATE

Father O'Neill. said that elec- tions, not taken seriously. "easily degenerate into a vulgar struggle for achievement oi personal goals and opportunities for favors and grants. This helps one to under- stand how men of good personal morality easily fall into genuine political immorality."

Contrasting "bad citizenship" as practiced by the so - called common people and those in bet- ter circumstances, Father O'Neill drew a laugh when he said:

"At the higher levels it is done with more distinction."

Father O'Neill was on a panel which " ” Engineering of Political Consent. as part of the oonferenoe's over-all theme. Buy- ing and Voting-who Makes Up Your Mind?

With him was Professor Max- well Cohen of McGill University's faculty of law. chairman; Prof. John lrving. Victoria College, Uni- versity of Toronto; Gilbert Seldes. New Yorl. radio and television critic and author? and Dr. Paul Lazarsfeld. chairman of Colum- bla University's department oi so ciology.

Sex Change, On Paper, Costs 50c

LONDON fAPl-Britain has let several men change themselves into women on the official records. And a few women have been given yealnilllol to become men.

The sex change-p--rely a paper one-coat them about 50 cents.

Pu-inlssion for such legal sax change now is granted if there is medical evidence to warrant it." said a spokesman for the general register office w h i c h records births. deaths and other vital stat- istics of Britain's 50,000.000 popula- tion.

The sex-changers have under- gone no operation or glandular treatment.

"They have legally changed their sex," said the spokesman. ”The men now have the rights and status of normal women, and the the rights and status of nomial men."

The medical evidence needed for an official change is a simple de- claration by any registered doctor that in his view the man is pre- dominantly ' ' . or Vice Vern- Tha register office has no choice but to accept the doctor's recom- mendstlon.

The sex change can he made on the official records if the doctor declares before a commissioner of oaths that subsequent events show an error was made at birth.

Some doctors believe the law also covers cases in which the sex change is purely psychological and does not show itself until late in

P. The government has accepted

this interpretation. The doctor must back up his belief with an oath.

The register office refused tosay how many Wollle have officially switched sex.

"Very few people are involved." said the spokesman. "and the men who've changed into women out- number the women who've be-

her solicitor's advice. Mrs. Brown settled for half the amount. ,

Alberta Warehouse Of R.C.A.F.

coma men."

is Size Of 13 Football Fields

By DAVE QUANCI Canadian Phi Itaii writer

NAMAO. Alta. (C?) q The jet- lsa RCA! is using bicycles to weed up operations in an ultra- modern warehouse eover1ng' llila acres here.

A windowless. low-to-the-ground cement structure with an area the size of 13 football fields. the ware house is operated by the RCA! Iupply branch at this air base eight miles north of Edmonton.

it holds 100.000 or more learn of equipment. from tiny ta to entire wing assemblies. to supply all western RCAF stations.

in .

bites through several miles

.corridors. Mirrors

.aers prevent collisions. The building. of

pretence towards bsputv. "it's lone hl'iz naclring casa.' says F0

itmmn a. cits i:u.000.000 cubic feet of space are filled with row on row of shelf banks. Metal arms. adios!- ln sin. hold parts ranging from boxes of bolts to aircraft wings. propellers. tires. fusolagns or metal castings.

Orders came in by wire or mail from across Western Canada at a rate of more than 30.000 a month. nooineopiag offices have a con- veyor-belt to carry orders from one office operation to the next.

A warehouse man with a sheaf of orders pedals his bicycles to

"l the correct shelf bank by follow-

ing numbers on the banks and more numbers on the ceiling. For quick shipment,

s 3 E a C

Other obiects can be wa !ilIl'iIwuaL0IliIQIDd a ca a running in a ' floor will pull them to

their compatriots of differ-- monweaith, with British members contributed in one compartment and non-Brit- ish members in the other, came ill '0' 'dlW"m "mcm" s"”m'V' lnestion that a distinction should . I I The Manchester Guardian says influenced their voting. Also. too mg; the id" would be the quick. est way to "a lie n ate valued friends" such as India. Pakistan and Ceylon. plus future members like Ghana. Nigerlo and Mal.-iya.y Besides. says the -paper. Canada. wouldn't like the idea at a(l:l. d "0" "3 hndly "9 ""3 3 those Commonwealth countries xlszllllgctlr .'5ali?i:k1,nW::l t:ie”5:"3:: owing allegiance to the Queen.

ent members f' wealth into first and second class or full and associated members. Canada understands the vital im- portsnce of the members of the Commonwealth-

Aussie Proposal For Two- Tiered Commonwealth Annoys

By ALAN HARVEY Canadian Press Staff Writer LONDON tCPl - An Australian; hers of the Commonwealth. She is PNDOIOI f0l' I lW'-V”!-'Wd C0m'l"0l the type of Empire crusader

,lndia. especiallyvand repeatedly has welcomed the younger mem-

Mho approved only of the elect of long ago."

The editorial arises from a sug-i

I

lbe drawn between British and nun-British countries. and that Dermanciit machinery should be 591 ill) in London for the British rnernber, dealing with foreign Policy. defence. immigration and investment.

l The British members would be

l

of the OLD MVSICIAN

William Byrd noted figure in

16th century English music, was

uncommitted lnrganist at the Lincoln Cathedral.

Will Seek Diamonds In Australia

SYDNEY. Australia tlteuiers) Canadian geologist John William- son, who found on eof the world's richest diamond mines in Tang- anyika and became o millionaire, said Sunday he will lead a full- si-ale expedition to Australia later this year to seek diamonds north of Sydney. I The 50-year-old geologist. leav- Iniz Sydney by air for his fabul- ous Mawdui Diamond Mine in Sliunyango district. south of Lake Victoria in East Africa, said the little town of Wellington 150 miles northwest of Sydney. could be Au- stralia's "Eldorado." ' ,

He had been "deeply im- picssed" by diamonds. shovin to him by a Sydney merchant, which u ere found in dredging operations at the confluence of the Macqua-

rie and Cudgecong Rivers. "The diamonds are small. but very good." he said. "They're al-

luvial . . . so they must be com- ing from somewhere, and I intend to find that place."

illness had prevented him from tisiting Wellington during his pro- sint stay in Australia. he saiil.

Williamson's name has become a legend in the diamond world sond 1940 when, after years of scl- entific searching over a vast. sun- baked ores of Tanganyika. East Africa, he found his first diamond near a large Baobad tree.

The tree still stands near his xiniple single-storey house. which lies behind a high wire fence in one of the territory's most arid and desolate regions.

Williamson does not encourage the curious. and shuns publicity. He has little or no interest in money or high living.

ANCIENT FARMS

Sump farmstearls Iil Sue-den lhave occupied the same sites for las long as 15 centuries.

P. C. Organizer In Que. Resigns

TROIS-RIVIEEES. Que. (CPL- Leon Baloer. president of the na- llonll Pfolresslve Conservative Association. said Saturday he has resigned as the party's organizer in Quebec.

Mr. Balcer, member of the Commons for the Quebec constit- uency of Trols - Rivieres, since liltfk was appointed Quebec organ- izer for the party following the 1953 federal election.

The 39-year-old lawyer said he plans to remain as presid t of the national association. l-is wai elected about a year ago for a two-year term.

in his letter of resignation he said he had not given any reason inr stepping down as Quebec ur-

l

Eanizer. But in an interview he in- timated that work within his own constituency in an election year would require his full time.

Tuesday. Feb. 26. 1957 The Guardian Page 11

No Unemployment Pay Was Allowed C. P. R. Engineers

OTTAWA (CPD-The Commons :'vnmittee on industrial relations was told Thursday that a British legal precedent was used to dis- qualify all CPR engineers from drawing unemployment insurance for idleness during the nine-day strike of CPR firemen in Jan- uary.

Commissioner C. A. L. Murchi- son of the Unemployment Insur- ance Commission said the British case involved a fireman employed in a colliery. He said the case pas used because there is no Ca- nadian jutiSpl'ildEIlCO in a case of

pute or is a member of a clasi of workers financing a dispute. some engineers were member. of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and E ginemen ICLCl. and their dues went towards the strike fund that partly financed the dispute. Being of the same class as these engineers. all oths engineers were disqualified. Clarie Giliis ICCF-Cape Breton South) said the British precedent could not apply because firemen at Canadian collieries are main- tenance men who are prohibited from taking part in a strike.

""5 lyP'- Mr. Murchison said the matter The 2.30) engineers were dls- should be cleared up within a few qualified L the Unemploy- weeks because the engineers have

appealed the commission's deci- sion to I government board of referees.

ment insurance Act says no one can collect insurance benefits if I he takes part in financing a dis-

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