who Guardian

Lover» fnuv Ida-rd mend uh Ila Den Pnhliuiev‘ every wee:-nu morn-nu It I35 Prmcé Rim‘ cimu-mmwn. P.i«.:.i.. by the Thomson Company Ltd-

In 4. Burma. Publisher and General Manuel Prnl Walker. Editor [ember Canadian Daily Newman! Publishers Association Member of The linnndlan .PreIt Member Aduh Rurean oi Circulation! Bnuz omcea at sumuiereide. Ilootane and Alberto! uomcunud Nationally oyv Thomson Newspapers Advertmnx Service 40 Kill Street West. Toronto. Ont. Mo Cnthcan SL. Montreal 1030 West Georgia 82.. Vancouver By Currier Charlottetown. siimmernde soc per week. 3! Mall elsewhere in P.E.l. $9.00 per Illllllm. Other Provinces Ind United States 312.09 per nnnuin.

“The strongest memory is weaker than the weakest ink.” THURSDAY. MAY 15, 1958.

A Good Start

It is gratifying to note the amount of extra works for this Province-- totalling some two million dollars—- which the Federal Government has provided for in the estimates tabled on Tuesday. The details of these and other expenditures are given in to- day's Guardian. The improvements to the Charlottetown airport will cost about $347,500 and much of the work is scheduled to be undertaken this year. This will be of great benefit, not only to the City but to the Pro- vince as a whole. The works projects are intended to provide employment as well as much needed public devel- opment, and will be welcomed on both grounds. , .

We commend the Diefenbaker Government for its prompt attention to this phase of its election promises. If it keeps going at this rate we shall soon be running short of complaints!

I Should Get Together

' Our Federation of Mayors and Municipalities has had occasion to pass a resolution, by a standing unanimous vote, expressing regret that no action has been taken by the Provincial Government in implement- ing an earlier request for an increase in the per capita grant to municipal- ities, and asking for consideration and action in view of urgent miinici- pal needs. It appears that no answer has been received from the Provin- cial Government sincethe request for the increase was made by the Fed- eration several months ago. Whatever disagreement the Gov- ernment may have with the munici- palities, or whatever difficulty it may have in meeting Federation require- ments, there is no excuse for this dis- courtesy. The municipalities have a right to know where they stand fi- nancially. The New Brunswick Gov- ernment has followed a different course by holding a conference of rep- resentatives of both the Government and municipalities, thereby setting a precedent in threshing out their mu- tual problems. The two-day’ meeting took place in the Legislative Building at Federicton this week, at which municipal grants, hospital insurance and educational costs formed the chief topics ‘of discussion. Premier Flemming referred to “the unique character of this meeting as well as the great possibilities which are hereby being created—-and which we can and must make the most of.” N o doubt they have their differen- ces of opinion in New Brunswick, but

PAGE 4

the various levels of government were *

able to meet amicably and come to some working agreement. Let us hope that a similar course will be followed here, and with as little further delay as possible.

The P.M.'s Letter

One thing must be said about Prime Minister Diefenbaker’s letter to Premier Khrushchev; the Russian leader will not be able to say that the letter was hard to understand.:It was ‘clear and to the point, remarkably free of generalities, which so often seem to dominate letters from one head of government to another. Mr. Diefeiibaker knew what he wanted say to Mr. Khrushchev; and he said it frankly. He told him that Russia's “unilateral and conditional” decision to end nuclear tests is not a “tolerable” substitute for internation- al agreement; that he would be inter- ested to know what type of “practical _ measures” Mr. Khrushchev had in mind to ensure that tests of nuclear weapons were not being conductedi anywhere in the world; that he would like to know whether the Russians are prepared to negotiate “seriously” ‘i’: 'i-I‘\l1_Sl1Ssue in the United Nations or thes °n 31-ifylng discussions of h e matters until a summit meeting as been arranged; that he found it hard to understand Russia’s refusal I50 engage even in technical discuss- ions intended to explore the feasibil. ity of an international system of con. . trol.

This is plain talk, far removed from diplomatic jargon which so of- ten goes in international communica- tions. Mr. Khrushchev may or may

' not like it; he certainly cannot mis-

I

-"' I

understand it. Incidentally, it is inter- esting to note that Mr. Diefenbaker's letter was received in Moscow two or three days before the Russians con- sented to negotiate with the United States on technical ways and means of enforcing a ban on nuclear tests, should an agreement be reached.

It would probably be too much to say that the Prime Minister's letter prompted the Soviet move. It may have helped, just the same.

"Words Of Wisdom

“It cannot be denied that there is in our time a need for greater em- phasis on basic and applied science‘; but training in science alone will not produce great scientists and great en- gineers. The broadening influence of the humanities, of philosophy and of the social sciences is also required in order that the student may be train- ed to think logically, to analyze ac- curately and to solve conclusively.”

The above statement from the ad- dress of the Very Rev. J .A'. Sullivan, rector of St. Dunstan's University, at the University convocation on Tues- day, goes to the root of one of the most serious educational problems of our time. Among those who are qual- ified to know whereof they speak, there is general agreement as to the need of maintaining a well-rounded course of studies in our institutions of higher learning. Through t h e s e studies, as Rev. Father’ Sullivan points out, the student is brought to a realization of the great human ideals of life, and will become ac- quainted with historical developments and with what is best in the cultures of other-countries. Only in this way can his specialized knowledge of the

‘sciences be used to full advantage.“

St. Dunstan’s has followed this wise policy with gratifying results, and its large registration during the past year-'—-the highest in the -Uni- versity’s history—is indicative of the broadening scope of its activities. The chief aim has always been to equip the student to meet the re- sponsibilities of life, with all that this involves in moral, cultural and social claims which cannot be ignored in any civilized community. Our. future depends on maintaining high ideals, with all the greater vigor and em- phasis when they are challenged on any pretext of expediency.

EDITORIAL NOTES

We trust that we shall see flags flying today, at least on public build- ings, in honour of His Excellency the Governor General’s visit.

1' I ,' 0 Ontario Conservatives won all

four by-electionswhich were staged last Monday. The victories can be at- tributed to Premier Frost’s popular- ity and partly to the Federal Conser- vatives’ sweep in March. Until some-

«thing happens to dim Mr. Diefen-

baker’s glory, the pattern can be ex- pected to be followed in other sections too. — 0 Q ‘I

The Musical Festival has come a long way since its establishment 12. years ago. According to Professor Bennett, the president of the As- sociation, there will be upwards of 8000 participants this year. This, surely, must have contributed great- -ly to cultural progress. As Mr. Ben- nett has said, “the beauty of it is that these opportunities are made avail- able to thousands who, very often, have no other outlet of (artistic) ex- pression.”

Q 0 0

Our citizens will join in congra- tulating Premier Matheson upon the honourary degree of Doctor of Laws which is being conferred upon him today by the University of ‘ New Brunswick. The Premier has been a member of the Bar of this Province since 1933, ‘and of the Legislature since 1940. He proved an able and conscientious Minister of Health and Welfare before taking over the gov- ernment leadership in succession to the late Senator J onés. Two other At-

ilantic Premiers, Mr. Stanfield of

Nova Scotia and Mr. Smallwood of Newfoundland, are among those who willbe similarly honoured at today’s convocation. ’

O

8 I

This, of course, is not the first I

visit which Governor General Massey has paid to this Province in his of- ficial capacity. The previous occasion was shortly after his appointment, on August 28, 1952, when he unveiled a bronze plaque on the east column of Provincial Building portico and plac- ed a wreath at the War Monument. On that occasion, in a ceremony at the City Hall, he received the key of the C_1W. specially designed in sterling silver with the handle engraved in a maple leaf design. At the Experimen- tal Farm His Excellency planted a tree in the same area where many of

his predecessors had performed sim- ilar functions.

0 —

'-erated great riches. The war-ldly

'160 unbroken government acres,

Canada’ s

- the city."

J

A

n®S;n as

MORE Housme

;l

I

as

/_((.

MONEY

%

,_,——_.

Of’

4%? w“*‘’

OTTAWA REPORT

IAN ' ¢c0lI°IN

SPRING TIME

Homestead

By Patrick

Coivolccide

Nicholson

Special Correspondent for The Guardian

Saskatoon: “Pion-Era," which! is Saskatche-wan’s new rival to the Calgary Stampede, will get a big fillip when Prime Minister John Dlefenbaker performs the -opening ceremonies on 30th J unc.

This week-long cavalcade of homestead life is the civic pride of this prairie city; it has already become known as one of the great spectacles of the Prairies. ‘It glorifles Saskatchewan’s “gopher- eaters,” just as the Stampede glories Alberta's cowboys.

“Pion-Era", as its name im- plies, is a flash- back to the days of the hardy and resourceful set- tlers, typified by “The Men in Sheepskin Coats.” The pioneer era on the prairies reached its height in that decade of booming immigration which was ended by the outbreak of World War 1.

Yet that was not an era of ma- terial prosperity, although it gen-

possessions of the average immi- grant consisted of the clothes he stood up in, the ten dollar bill needed to file on a homestead of

some hand to o l s and household implements, topped off with a strong back and indomitable courage.

The sod'hut and the manual sod-bustlng were gradually re- placed by the le s s primitive frame house and mechanical-

“steamers" to lighten the toil.

THEIR GREATEST HOUR Pion-Era exhibits the whole

range of implements used in

those early days, from the hand,

plough to the complicated self- propelled combine which requir- ed a crew of five able-bodied men. There too we- can see Grand- mama’s unmechanised butter - churn, the pre- automatic wash- board, the coal-oil lamp which had no trouble- free ea.sy- to-flick switch, and the durable, tent-like man’s one- piece sleeping gar- ment costing only two bits.

The six-day-long Pion - Era iii- cludes parades and exhibitions of farmers, farmers’ aids and farm fixings. In actual working order there are the huge and powerful but catlike smooth and silent steam engines, and the motor cars of half a century ago, when pomlation ranked above dazzle as an automotive merit.

Exhibits show how .Grand.iath- er worked his farm, and what ex- tra jo-bs Grandma-ma performed on the homestead, such as card- ing, spinning and weaving home-

grown wool. Visitors can sample

the simple joys of the occasional leisure evening frolicking at a lioe—down, and they see the oft- read old family Bible. Dou-khobor women bake bread in ourdoor ovens. Thirty- men

I PericiIties"Of Growth

The Printed Word

The Gordon Commission, in its final report, appeared to view with equanimity the'prospect of civilization becoming predominantly unban within the next two decades or so. It calls to mind a favorite subject for school debates thirty years or so ago: “Resolved that, life in the ‘ country is preferable to life in

In rural districts, the affirma- tive usually woii. The wi'nners, in later life, became lawyers and settled in the city because that was.where the money was to be made. In city schools, upliolders of the negative had a better chance, but did not invariably win. There seems to be a roman- tic attraction to a rural life, per- haps getting stronger the farther one is removed from it.

Although the cities keep on growing, the growth is not now regarded with delight or complac- ency by all city-dwellers. Most of them see no possibility of es- cape before retirement. A home in the suburbs or on the outskirts of the city seemed a reasonable compromise a few years ago, but it has become engulfed by new ‘building and the district is now as urban as the one from which

RocIcir’s Role I

they fled. Those families

who went to the expense of buying farms well removed from the city are now a-ble to sell them for building lots at a substantial pro- fit, but have to move somewhere else to find peace and quiet.

The question of where to flee from the cities is not easily ans- wered, if one is looking for life- time protection. True, the great- est growth is taking place in the cities that are already large; but visits to the smaller cities and towns will-show that they also a.re stretching out along every high- way. It begins to look as if the old debate might soon be point- less, since the tendency is for both farms and farmers to dis- appear.

One cannot see that cily-dwell- ers are any happier than they used to lbe. They might not be happy on farms, either, but the fact that there were still farms to be bought used to make up for some of the penalties of unban growth. Now some of them feel that extension of city boundaries has really a narrowing effect, keeping the city-dweller more firmly imprisoned in his accus- tomed habitat.

n Space Age

National Geographic Society

Radar is slowing down motor- ists but speeding up science’s ex- ploration of space.

Motorists have long been fam- iliar with radar-checked higliways the bane of speeders. Less fam-_ iliar are recent discoveries -that will help scientists to keep closer track of satellites and rockets dur- ing man’s invasion of space.

Scientists bounced radar signals off the moon in 1946, and resear- chers began studying the possi- bility of using the moon as a reflector in commerical radio- communication. Now Columbia University physicists have made a major breakthougli in radar research. They discovered a way to increase vastly the effective range of radar by making it eas- ier to distinguish meaningful sig- nals from electronic noise. HOW RADAR STARTED

According to the United States Navy, the word “radai"‘ was coined from the phrase “Radio Aircraft Detection and R:-:ngi\"."

However. the history of i‘a:'-ai‘ can be traced at least to the 18800 5 when Germany's llcinricli

Hertz found -that solid. objects re- flected raido waves.

After the‘basic discovery was made, scientists gradually devel- oped and perfected devices for sending out raeio waves ande -r sending out radio waves and re- ceiving ‘echoes" from solid ob- jects. World War II spurred re- search.

The war also brought antita- dar and even anti-aiitiradar. Re- search at Harvard University de-

' velopcd “icicles" — thin strips of

aluminum foil that look like planes on radar receiving sets. Bombers dropped the icicles to confuse enemy radar operators guiding defense planes and artil- lery.

British scientists recently an- nounced they had‘ found mater- ials tliat would absorb instead of reflect. radio waves. This could make objects "invisible" to radar The Russians are also reoor-,ed to be working on new aniiradar me‘-.liods that could render pres- cntt radar warning systems obso- c e.

/W ///T75

_.-.

threshing crews re-enact their valuable itinerant work. Oxen plod singly, while six-horse teams draw ploughs of twenty blades, and horses in ppirs provide sta- tionary horse-power on tread- mills.

Vlsitors can study a 1903 mail order catalogue, where the prices seem as improbable as the fash- ions. They gaze in wonder at a sod house, described as cool in summer and warm in winter, and perhaps ponder on the story of the homesteader who has just had electricity with television and ‘an automatic washing machine in- stalled in his ancient sod igloo. YEAR. AROUND SHOW

Pion-Era, unlike the Calgary Stampede, also operates an in- door exhibition all the year round, In the Western Development Mu- seum in this prairie city, cura- tor, George Shepherd, himself a sod-buster of half a century ago, lovingly explains the thrill of ev- ery exhibit under his care. help- ing old-timers refresh their mem- ories and interested youngsters understand the old days.

In Pion-Era week or in Museum equally, there is a great thrill for the mechanics enthusiast. Many prefer the c-umbersoiiie five-man iself-propelled combine harvester, with its two speeds of 1% or 2% miles an hour.‘0thers are impressed by the huge Rume- ly, the giant among the 1ephan- tine steamers, which has seven foot wheels with treads three feet wide. Nearby is the thi'ee-'wlieel- ed “Steel Mule” presented by Frank Appleby, of Pinkham, Sask, president of the United Farmers of Saskatchewan 10 years ago.

“Imagine anyone thinking he

-. could buy a thing like that. and

go out onto the Prairie with it and make money," scoffed cura- tor Shepherd. Car enthusiasts will find all manner of “vintage” auto- mobiles in working order, such as the Holsman “Horseless Carriage’ built 56 years ago, with . rope drives, tiller steering, and rear entrance door.

For pioneer or for child of this age of plenty, there is interest galore at Pion-Era, in which Sask- atoon has created a vivid living diary of the Prairies’ most pride- ful era.

THE NEWEST MOST MODERN

FUR STORAGE VAULT

IN CANADA DIAL‘ 6923

Summer storage for your furs and cloth coats, 12 months insur- ance c o v e r s your furs. This means that not only are your furs insured while in our vault but also for the remainder of the 12 month period; anywhere in the

world. ALL FOR $2.50

per $100.00 worth of Insurance (minimum chg. 3.00) RATES-

Storage and 12 months insurance

$100.00 valuation chg. $ 3.00 $200 00 valuation chg. $ 5.00 $300.00 valuation chg. $ 7.50 $400.00 valuation chg. $10.00

Valuations over $400.00 at 2% STORAGE — CLOTH COATS --

$2.00 for one coat $1.00 additional costs.

ISLAND FURRIERS

LTD. ‘ DIAL 6923 free pick up. 79 GRAFTON ST.

Progro ms OF Speech Therapy

Speech is one of the most com- plex functions we humans ac- quire during our development And many children. for one rea- son or another, fail to master it properly. There are countless organic or functional factors which m-lglylt hamper speech development. It s up to you parents to get prompt and competent help for your youngster if he shows signs of speech difficulties. SPEECHLESS AT TWO _ If your child is not speaking at all -by the age of two, it probably is a good idea to consult your ped- iatrician or family doctor without delay. The same holds true if he con- tinues to use baby talk after the age of six, if he has trouble pro- ducing all of the speech sounds, if he begins to show excessive speech hesitancy, or ‘if he has any organic abnormality of structure or function affecting speech. In some cases, there is great improvement in speech as the child becomes older. However — and I want to emphasize this point — don’t put off consulting a doctor on the theory that your youngster will “out-grow” his pro- blem. DON'T GAMBLE You're taking a chance if you do, and you don't want to gam- ble with your child's future. I doubt that either your physi- ‘clan or pediatrician will be able to treat the speech problem, but they can recommend a speech pa- thologist or clinic that can. Dr. Margaret Hall Powers, dir- ector of the Division of Speech Correction for the Chicago Board ‘of Education, reports that many of our leading universities and hospitals now have speech clinics which are available to the public. Programs of speech therapy, ‘she says, are becoming increas- ingly c o in in 0 ii in the public school systems. T-he speech ther- apists in these programs usually are available to parents for diag- nostic examination and consulta- ,‘tion about their children's speech problems. In many states such as Illinois. there are state-wide commissions or organizations to which you‘ can apply for help in obtaining speech diagnosis and therapy for child- i-en. SPECIALLY TRAINED

A competent speech pathologist is extehsively and specifically trained in treating speec-l1 disor- _ders. Yet he often collaborates with pediatricians or specialists in other fields. Sometimes he re- fers young patients to a laryngo-s logit or neurologist or some other specialist for additional help.

He works also with the young- ster's parents and teachers in a co-ordinated effort aimed at to- tal speech rehabilitation. QUESTION AND ANSWER

A. D.: I am a diabetic and take insulin regularly. However, I seem to be allergic to insulin because I get redness and itching over the area where I have the injection.