FEBRUARY 4, ioss

zvawsv NOTES‘

5 _ , “mucous

IS THIS A LAW? i

out. I was seized with the de- 1’ to have n fllle border of nas-

tlums. and ly planted filmed in rat ‘rich’ soil. The‘ ‘@1180!!! dirllley on which I_had wt my mind never materialized. i»... plants grow weii enough, and with such a luxuriant growth o; paves as I had not before seen, but the flowers were few and 111d- scn beneath the foliase. A garden- " told me: fiilexi, t'me you plant wiurtlum-i- Dut the seed in poorer pound and, if W“ have courage mough, tread the soil hard after- wards!" since those days I have Mud that many other kinds of punts can be "ruined" by too rich |oll in the early stlwes. _ '

1t would seam that something skin to this takes place with man- gmii. It is no uncommon thing for mics of nobility to become ex- umt for want of heirs male, while yorkers of the laboring class are glued with numerous progeny.

living, like rich soil, is in - e way against the perpetuation sf the raco-

Wo call than “trying Limes," without perhaps rightly compre- hending the words. They surely try us out-test us to see what me- m we are of. They nre steadylrig times-lbracing times. And they are nmethihg more. Do you recollect‘ u you are old enough-the glor- ious company of‘ notables who were thc crown of the Victorian limes? "There were giants in the land in thug days" and they were s11 born in the stark, poverty ltricken era round the close of the Napoleonic wars. ,Our_ own dark days are but thc prelude to a. more smellent generation! Genius is oft lie child of P9111117.

STAKES AND FENCE POSTS

This is a remarkable winter for getting into the woods, one of the best that I can remember. Be- tides fuel and lumber, stakes and lencs posts must be- provided against spring. Our are prin- cipally spruce and they take a. lot .ii renewing. In our soil their life

and collapsed», mo n 1y. “i511 Perhaps not The second process (and the m1" bu‘ 111°" expensive)’ 1.; to E684’. the post; with creoimte- which 1’°15°"°"* 1° B11 forms of fungal iggdfillce pests made from creo. railway ties or "gym-pew- ‘s 1116? are called, are greatly uggd 1n ""1 W111 truly “last a life- mifmllzllld seem that the treat- y 11°11111K coal-tar is almost '3 °HP°1~1V¢ =8 the creosote method 1‘ much Theflllfil‘. and is easier of operation. ‘ihc {gr is heated - w 33111112 in an open oil-drum, - 3nd ° Pa" 01' the nests which is to g0 m1" the 810111111. allowed to remain in the tar for awhile. A combing. tion of the ohllffllls and mal-tar methods is said to be still more satisfactory. It is well to remember that coal tar is inflammable and 11° 11° the boiling well away from the buildings. ODDS AND ENng Planets visible. Siaignzers are advised to keep a lookout eastward 0h fine H18hts Just now. About 0.30 i119 Planet, Jupiter will have just cleared the horizon, with. the pla- net Mars only a few degrees above. Jupiter is an extremely bright star of a. ‘yellowish cast, while Mars has a distinctly reddish tinge. The pla- net Neptune is not so far away, in the neighborhood of Regulus in Leo, where it has been for at least a year: but it is so far from the earth that in the most favorable ti. "mstanees it appears only as a star of the seventh magnitude. The notable constellation Leo the Lion, is Just above Mars and is in the heraldic position called rampant: the lion's head. shoulders and fore- less making a magnificent sickle- shaped figure easily recognizable. SnEck. The other day I requested a friend to be sure and sncck thc outer door. "To what?" said he. 'I‘he'n I thought that I'd been using a provinclsllsm and explained that in the North of England a sneck was a latch. However on looiklng it up in the dictionary ‘I fnd it is a regularly ordained word in good

standing. I cannot recollect to have

3 ‘short, owing to a fungus which ' es the wood near the surface

. h ml it h . v the soil and speedily destroys ea . c" the cells. I . vy outside. It seems to by elm mm’ M? three methods ‘of consensus of opinion that “Eng-

gciting posts to prevent decay ihstare recommended by farm jnfrnals. Tho first is to thoroush- lviohsr the base of thc post in a fir? before placing lt in the ground. We did not find this very etigctive. for the wood checked int“ long cracks from the heat, and the origin and the water necesari’ (oi-Ills development found entrance at-“lhe bottom 0i’ the cracks, wlth in‘; nsult that the peat deeewd

lish" Ivy cannot be grmvn outside in P. E. Island on account of the severity of the climate in winter. Against ih's it must be obacrvcd that Shirley Iflbbard, g, noted liortlculturlst, and author oi’ a monograph on "The Ivy," once wrote: "The Ivy, like the Holly, is a scarce plant on the American continent. In thc northern United States and British America thc winters are not more severe than the Ivy can endure, but the sum- mers are too hot and dry, and the Nqiiirements of the jliillll} have not often obtained attention. vIn dis- tricts where native fems abound the Ivy will be found to thrive. and the varieties cf Hcdera helix should have thc preference. But 1Y1 the drier districts ivies might often be planted on thc nmth side of buildings. and if encouraged with water and cnrcful training for three or four years, would then grow rapidly nnd train them- selves. A strong lghpis dctrimrntnl to the growth of Ivy, but this en- hances its value. for we have n0 hardy plants that may be compar- ed nith it for variety and beauty. that will endure shade with equal patience." This would indicate ex- . pcrimcrits of growing Ivy on a north wall, and also in thc shrlier of woods whore ferns grow; and I hope some of my renders have

M. Lampson8riio.

Ltd. 64 Queen St. London, E.C. 4, England

Publiciluction Sales of

'RAW runs

Dales of Silver Fox

f " r h Sal“ to be held in curiosity enough to (“lily uc trials out. Llmdon The Ivles known in gardens

number about sixty varieties, ac- cording to the above writer: I have seen only the commonest variety here, grown as n liousc plant.

Howe-yer, the wrltcr is now in posswldn of half a dozen of the hast varieties from thc Rflyul Bo- tanic Gardens. Kcw. n gift from the Director (Sir Arthur Hllil and which it is hoped will iii time b’! available for distribution.

The N. E. Slorm. Jniiy 25th was new moon, ' and thc barometer. which had been rLsing for two o!’ three days, bvilllll V1 d”? m“ night and fell slowly 1111i -'~1°1“111Y till about 0 a. m. on the 29th, when 1|», an", mo]; an upward turn. The total fall was one inch and ihrllll- tdhths. Previously ill" “V1111” 1W1 bu" mud and mm, though ull electric storm about ll n. m. nil the 23rd had given lllmms“ "1 1111' . settled weather. On the day f°11°“" ing new moon. n storm roared llP the Atlantic corisi. bvrlunhlg in the - Carolina; and culminntliil.’ in a 79 m, p, h. gale on ihc Nova Scotlou §gbqflfi The inmrnediate see"

1 /

1932 1933 1933 1933 1933

12 December 23 January 6 March 1 22 May

27 September

shlilliing bags may be biained free of charge llilon application to T. Holman, Ltd., Summerslde.

For full particulars in "turd to packing, ship- 111118. insurance and con- iliilons of sale, apply to

Jilired Fraser, Inc. .1 a 212 ruin’ Avenue,

New York, N. v

"an

port towns and vllleses suffered immense property lose, but happily no reports o1 105s of life are cur-- rent. As I write on the 30th the Bi/Brm is blowillz 1W1! 0111". after having done considerable den-ago to electric "wiring in our province. The barometer is again rhlng, and that with s. velocity which is usual- ly the precursor of another fall. Personally I never like to see the instrument go up with a. rush.

ROMAN “RITAIN 138-492 A. D.

The last instalment of this his- tory concluded with the defeat of the Calcdonlans by -‘i..ollius Urbi- cus in 138 A. D. These turbeleni» barbarians soon reappeared in arms and seem almost always to have risen on the death of the em. pcror, a circumstance which shows that they had confeclerntes or spies among their enemies who supplied information. At such a moment, they doubtless calculated, they mlght make an extensive raid with less danger of interruption. The Roman province was thus in- vaded on the occasion of Marcus Aurelius in 161, but the invaders were driven out. A much more formidable invasion followed the accession of Commodus in 166. A Roman commander who attempted to arrest the progrflss of the Cale- donlans, was klllcd nnd his army out to pieces: and the emperor was obliged to send his. mo=t capable general, a mun of extraordinary vigor culled Ulpius Marcellus, to re- establish his niiihorlty in the dis- tunVprovinco. Fisom this mun thc

{Caicdonians mot with terrible re-

vcrscs and the "Pax Romans" ngnln prcvniictl over all the island. But i0 a tyrant l'kc Commodus merit itself was n crime. He re- called Marcellus, and an imperial favorite called Pcrcnnis was put in command. Pcrenuis straightaway displaced all the older and more experienced officers, and filled their commands with yOllngcr ‘men who in their turn were favorites of his own. The officers mot, con- sulted, mid finally sent n. deputa- tion of fifteen hundred armed men to lily their grievances before the emperor. When thcyhirrlvcd be- fore the gates 0i’ Rome, commodus wont out to mcet them, and see- llii: signs of disnflcctinn among his otlrrr troops, he gave way and abandoned his minister to his ac- cusers. Pcrcnnis was pu't to death but the muiiny continued and one Pcrllunx, a, commander ofgrcat iniliiiiry talent was Ffllt to appease the troops: but they disclaimer! the authority of Commodus and invit- ed their new coxnmnitrloi" to bu cm- pcror. Ono of the 1<~"‘"ii~.i'ie5, an- gry zit his refusal, 1d i‘ l: um clown moi lrfi himior dud, but he ro- covcrcd and in thc clld restored order lii the province. Commodus ivzis murdered in 192 A. D.. and his death ivns tho signal for dvcrdcrs all nvrr ihc cm'p’i'<-. udilch, inter" cstiiig as ilicy are in (Ptail, must yet be.5ncrlficcd to exigeniflcs of space.

It hns been remarked that about hull’ a (lovun WOHlS of Latin ori- gin are all that survive lu our lan- guage from this stirring period. Yct this could hardly be otherwise because, nith the exception of thc officers, the Itomun forces in Bri- tain wcrc drawn fromalmoitcvcry nation in thc empire and knew little Latin except thc words of command. In their intcrcoursr with the Britons thcy- must have used a strange medley of languages.

It was ihc common policy of thc Romans to draft off the rising population of thc conquered pro- vinces nud Ln scml illPlll to occupy stations, mid in fact. form colonies in distant oouziirics. It was indeed n most cffcciual way of destroying ilicir iinilcnaliiygfor having n0 sympathy; for ihc land in which lllEy-IVPPO settled they soon came to consldoi" themselves first as Ro- man soldiers and then as part of Rome. In old writers and on mon- umcntnl iuscripfions we find b0- dlcs of Britons 1n various parts of the empire. According to ihc Noti- iia. the fourth ala. of Britons was stationed in Egypt, and the twen- ty-sixth cohort of Britons was in Armenia. The "Invincible Young Britons" was stationed in Spain, mid a body of "ihc Elder Britons in Illyricum.“ “Tho Younger British Sllngcrs" are found among ihc Palatine auxiliaries and other bodies of Britons are ‘found in Gaul, Italy, and other countries. Evcn the Britons oi southern Scotland were drafted. for the llorcstil 0f Fifwliirc have been lmccd to ihc banks of the Rhine.

CHEESE FACTORY SURVEY

'l’hc Dairy umi Economics Branch- (‘S of the rent-nil Department of Agu-icwiure in co-opcrniion with the Rural Economics Service and the Dniry Division of the Quebec Depart- nu-ui; oi’ Agriculture, the Agricul- iurul Economics Department. on- tiu-io Agricultural College, Guelph, and the Dairy Branch of thsDe-

Brown Top Heating

A IiM-‘lai meeting ol the mem- ben of the Grass Seed Growers As- sociation will be held In Bt- Mary's Hall. Sourls, on Tuesday, February 7th at 1 o'clock, for the purpose of receiving the report of the Manager as to the disposal of 1031 seed. And the financial standing of the As- sociation. Ab» to provide for the nailing and sale of the 1833 crop. And for the consideration of any other snatten that may be brought before the meeting. Pei-sous who have at any time paid n member- ship fee in the Association are members in good standing and may vote at the ‘L, personally or by proxy. If weather and roads are un- favorable, meeting will be held on

same hour. JOIIN J. CAMPBELL. President.

READ THE TAG 0N THE BAG

The Fertilizers Aot administered by the Seed Branch of the Federal Department of Agriculture, re- quires that each package contain- ing fertilizer, or a tag or label at- tached thereto, be printed with in- formation including thebrand, name and guefanteed analysis of the fertilizer.

Each year there are a few (xases in which the fertiliser delivered to farmers is of a different analysis or brand from the one purchased. Whether these errors be due to ac- cident or design, the farmer may easily protect himself against ac- ceptipg the wrong thing by simply consulting the labelling on the fertilizer bags or tags. If the ana- lysis as shown on the containers is not the same as the one ordered there is good ground for refusing to accept the fertilizer or to pay for same.

As a matter fertilizer purchasers would do well to see that the agent who sells the fertilizer states clearly, on the copy of the bill of sale left with the purchaser, the analysis oi‘ the, fer- i/lizer ordered.

OLD DOBBIN COMES BACK

A paragraph of special interest ‘w Canadian fanncrs appearing in the annual report of the Horse Division of the Live Stock Branch is quoted as follows: :

"In certain sections there is a demand for lighter clear-legged horses, big enough to do some work on the farm and also suitable for e certain amount of road work. The demand for hunters and saddiers compared with some previous years is by no means keen, nevertheless the outstanding animal still fiinds a market at a good price. The interest in the hunter and saddle horse. however, is apparently as keen e5 ever, judging by the fact that hunt and riding clubs are increasing rath~ er than decreasing oven under present conditions. This goes to show that as conditions improve the demand for this type o! horse wlll steadily incrtase. As it takes at least five years to develop a. hunter and as there is a scarcity of them in the country today, the horseman that continues to breed will be the fortunate one four or five Yell-Ts hence. The same holds true in the breeding of draught horses. The demand for horses for draught work is growing and will undoubt- edly continue for some time owini; to economic conditions. It is further sate to assume that to many it has been demonstrated that the horse is helping to keep down the overhead under economic $119551!" and he will also help to lessen orp- cratlng costs in better times."

APPLES FOR THE PRAIIIIES

One of the principal studies be-

ing carried out at the Dominion Expcriinentalvstation, Moi-den, ‘Man- itoba, ls the testing of varltlcs of apples suited for production in the prairie provinces. A. recent report shows that among apple varieties giving substantial crops were: Anls, Anls Rose, Antonovka, Blushed Cal- vllle, crusoc, Duchess, Haralson, Jethro, Kurslce Ariis, Melba, Melvin. Patten, Perkin, Red Wing and Wealthy. In crabapples, Bedford, Columbia, Dolgo, Elkhorn, Florence. Gertrude, Olga, Osman, Etosllda and Trail were profitable. In thc apple seedling test 156 trees. bore fruit for the first time. Of three 9 gave fruit of good prospect. Dur- ing the ten years preceding 7,787 seedling apple trees gave fruits which were described. A total of 658 or 7.49 per cent of these were considered as new varieties of valuu

partment of Agriculture, Toronto, are conducting a study of the man- agement problems in 260 cheese" fac- tories in Quebec and Ontario. The collection of data is new complete. The purpose of this study is to pro- vide informatlon on operating costs, methods of management, and or- ganization which will be of value to

farmers and factory. owners. '_4\

Thursday, February 9th at the

of self protection. 1

THE EFOWN GUARDIAN

:F0R FARMERs, STOCK , jBREEDERS

Bent Grass

T116 srowlng of Bent Grasses for BXPOYl originated in 1925, when the Canadian Seed Dealers appealed to the Dominion Seed Branch, Ottawa to make some move to encourage 111° Glowing of this commodity in Canada. Before this time we were importing all our seed from foreign countries the United States and New Zealand were the chief export- EPB- When their officials started out they discovered a grass known as “Brown Top" in the Eastern part of our Island that comprises of about half oi’ King's Cuunly,

This plant grows natural in heavy clay soil where once grew a. heavy Growth of birch and ma-ple and can be found in the heart. of the forest “l? 111% Present time. It was firs!» cleaned and graded and known as Rhodc Island Bent, but was later discovered to be far super- lo!‘ in purity and germination and the name was changed, it has since been known to the trade as "Prince Edward Island Bent" and is well “V1118 up to its high reputation.

Like many of the Island products it has found its way all over Can- ada and the greater part oi the United states; then the United States faimcrs finding Prince Ed-

this market appealed to thc Con- gress with the result “ that they placed a duty of 40c per pound or ssoo. per ton which is almost pro- hibitive; yet on account of its super- ior quality it is being shfppiul to the United States trade.

_ __§'. CAIIRIES OUT IMPOPIPANT WORK

The Entomological Branch of the Dominion Department of Agricul- ture conducts investigations from coast to coast on insects in relation to agriculture and forests; encour- ages the use of methods of preven- tion and control; develops and

glcides; administers the Destructwc Insect and Pest Act, so far as lnbcct pests are concerned; makes studies of greenhouse insects, household in- sects and insects which affect man, etc. At the Branch headquarters at Ottawa there are five separate div- isions. Outside of Ottawa sixteen permanent field laboratories as well as several temporary laboratories are maintained, and in addition ten plant inspection stations for exam- hiation of xiurscry stock and plant products entering Canada from for- eign countries. Thc National Col- lection of insects, which is housed within the Branch, receives consid- erable attention.

WEIGHT INDIOATES QU ALITY

As is pointed out by thc Domin ion seed Branch the probable qual- ity.0i' low grade grains feeding purposes may usually be in» ferred from the weight per ‘bu-allel- One exception is. that of rusted wheat, which is low in weight but high in protein. There arc many variations from thc basic or stralchl grades of whcut, oats and barley. such as mixtures of Common, Dur- um, R/ed Winter and White wheats: mixtures with other grains; mlx~ tures containing defects such as smut, sprouts, heated, excess mois- ture, eto. either slonc or in any combination. Although these mix- tures must be graded. they arc usually-sold on sample, since the grade alone cannot, convoy a true picture of the percentages they contain.

Horticulture

Being n born hcsitator, I asked a. wcaihcr-bcatvn cultivator When to paint roses - sooner or later?

"First soak ‘cm in muck," he said.

Plant 'cm when frost disappears, They'll bloom, lii two years, Ifyou prune ‘emf’ he suld.

“It's always that way wiih pusics. Arid most especially so ‘Nlih roses, And wear thick glOVCS——~illf)Sl} folk supposes

The thom‘s the worst part-- They're best mndc of buckskin."

I thought of John Ruskin Dlscoursing on art.

“If the leaves become grayish und

faded,

It's mildew, or muyb!‘ thc grounds too shaded, '

Don't be afraid of ihc l-ziiifc," he added,

“And watch nut for izirvii fly! In Winter. best in i'(l\'('i‘ ‘viii So they won't die.“

His callousncss iuarlv mu shudder,

I felt like a vessel uiiiuuit a rudder, Oi‘ a lost lamb, blvnliiig for thc udder. -

Don't be afraid of ihc kiiifc!"

Mil-Bi; I—-thliB hnrrltvniiifp-

13°11?" Ilirdenlng,

Learn life?

—Mabcllc Irene Roeseli iThe Village),

ward Island was about to caipturc‘

tests out new insecticides and iun- _

PAGE FIVE

._i

ANDl GARDNERS l

Horse Memoirs

(UL l. lllcKenlIl)

i

SUi-‘i-‘ULK PUNCH AND I mane-narrows ‘fir’? l