ﬁ " .3 2g 1. ' :3; I _,_ r .A .a y ' g ~ I‘ . . r r " r I. f‘ . f N h it ms] I _ g I g . i . LOTTETOWN,§§A§DRW,.JUNE 19, 1841. , [NOI 203 g in ‘- r a - AL 3 z y . . .. x ’ EXANDE IACLEOD—DES i ' ~ ' " ' ~ - i - . , 9». 33031593 EM 33th13”. r ' CAROLINETRULTIQN 0F I?“ ' Wignt in Canada, they were clearly Viola- suy for all this the Government of the United States , - Extra t '- Do , r "c3 ’ ' '“g‘ 0 E 9” country, and liixposinoithemselves cannot believe to have existed. - T ‘ HEREBQISEEEE‘ﬁE: lgioitzislrﬂgzn'f‘riday .the c sﬁom cmfvg‘lgggﬂéiagjmg‘.tigeogrestdentg.Mlegage. If 1‘ » rundeqnences _which might be: inﬂicted on “ All will see thaf‘if such things be allowed to occur W ‘ ’ , - ‘ .n - ' . . o > ’O ’ . the 25m hngwtwoycwék’ ﬁetup and. 8e”, mule lowest I Departmentvswte,Washingtonfﬂpmszﬁ “Egg , .y n vy‘lltlllnﬂthe thrush doyniiiions. ‘ But, they might lead to bloody and exasperated war; and rem“, me completing Tignis-l, Bridgm Same day,mTwe1m ., It is Understood that Alexander M‘Leod is home" I lying is, my yiere certainly not pirates, when an indiVidual comes intc'the United States from lack, the Road from Kiidqre Bridge to T;gn;s,h, comma“- ' v nor does dersigned think that it can advance the Canada, and to the very place on which this drama was

as well on Civil as on criminal process, for acts alleged to have been done by him in the attack on the ‘Caro- line,’ and his defence or ground of acquittal must be

Same day, até'o’clock, the repmring Kildare'

. 9 JA MES WARBURTON, Commissioner.

-g at Tiguish .

.d purpoéeg and friendly discussion, ‘or hasten the .‘ Se.”

. _ . I . performed, and there chooses to make public and vair‘ﬁ». accommodation of national difﬁculties, so to denominate

glorious boast of the part he acted in it, it is hardly

’ . ,, r _ , , . them. Their offence, whatever it was had no analog ( ' ‘

'. .Lm 11» May 19‘": 1841' the game (11“ how Cases. And “"5 5m)"le “lus‘rates! to c'ases'of piracv Supposino all this alleoed agaiifsi :Voiiigirdumlmhffoﬁriffs:xcnement ShOUId' be area“, an"! i i a ast e no, e si ued conceives the ro ' f e’ ‘ re- " l: " . ’ D - -°' -' ' - - y' ‘

I , To,Be sold At Auctioﬁ, coin Obsefvaﬁony Si O .’ . p .pnetly 0 {you - them to bi; ﬁne,'tliey wereytaking apart in what they “ The Republic does not Wish to disturb the tranquil-

OMMENCING at Huts MILLS, on Monday .me Exegmive Govemgemnc (Lula: i1; ‘1‘};er $212853: civ‘ﬁ regarded as 'a,ciVil’\var, and they were taking a part on lily ofthe world. Its object is peace, its policy peace.

H" . ‘5“! day of Igly’ at me hum of}? 0,0,0“, foreman, the suit. Between rivate am; in an veg“) e of, “s romesg the Side of the rebels. ,Surely England herself has not It seeks no aggrandizement by foreign conquest, because

, h - mg ofn'new l'ilpe of Road t‘rnm Hyll‘s Mills to the Portage, but that S p ,t mug. 0 on to as regular. _udli) i521 [eff regarded persons thus engaged as deservmg the appel- it knows that no foreign acquisition could augment its

‘ x , I!1,Tlgnl5ll. . he road to be berm distances to suitbid- , . g a .l ‘ limo" Wlwh her Majesty’s Government bestows on these .power and importance so rapidly as they are already

Is—and Security required for the due performance ui‘each mination , _ , o citizensoﬁthe'United States ~ advancin by its own natural' 0 owth nd th '

.mct' “ Theo ca‘ti "‘0f'tlie‘f3cﬂh‘di‘1ﬁe destruction of M It “3&3! . I -' . . g - . Pr . u er , e Pml’l'

! JAMES WARBURTON, Commissioner. the ‘Cam‘ va act of ublic force 1) the British we. notorious tiat, for the greatest part ol tious circumstances of its Situation. But it cannot

? m 11’ me 7,,” 18“_ . amhomips behw 1y congmumm‘ed myths Govern ‘the lastfagwo centuries, subjects of the British Crown admit that its Government has not both the will and the I ’1 1 ’ a ‘ I" -

have beeni'pe'rmitted to engage in foreign Wars, both national ,1 and 'giyil, and in the latter in every stage of their progress; dud yet it has notébeen imagined that EnglandTat any time allowedﬁher subjects to turn piratﬁ lndeedjﬁjn our own times,”"not only have individual subjects'pf the Crown gone abro'udvto engage in civil wars; ~but Vye have seen whole regiments openly recruit- e‘d, embodied, armed and disciplined in England, with the avowed purpose of aiding a rebellion against a nation with which England was at peace; although it is truﬁgliait, subsequently, an Act of Parliament was passed to prevent transactions so nearly approaching to public war, without licence from the Crown.

“ It may be said that there is a difference between the case of ;a civil war, arising from a disputed succession, or a protracted revolt of a colony against the mother country, and the case of a fresh out-break, at the com- mencement of a rebellion. The undersigned does not deny that such distinction may, for certain purposes, be deemed well founded. He admits that a Government, called pen to consider its own rights, interests and dut-ieshiavhen' civil wars break out in other countries, may decide on all the circumstances of the particular case, on itsfown existing stipulations, on probable result," on what its oWn security requires, and on ‘many other nsiderations. It may be already bound to assist one p ,ty, or it' may become bound, if.it so chooses, to assist he other, and to meet the consequences of such assistaiide.’ . '

“ But whether the revolt be recent or long continued ‘ ojOin those cmcﬁrned in it, whatever may be p en‘Ce against their own country, or however they

power to preserve its own neutrality, and to. enforce the observance of its own laws upon its‘ own citizens. It is jealous of its rights, and among others, and most espe- cially, of the right of the absolute immunity of its ter-“ ritory against aggression from abroad ;. and these rights it is the duty: and the determination ‘of this Governnient fully and at all times to maintain; While it will, .at the: same time, as scrupulously refrain from infringing on' the rights of others. . . ' “ The itesident instructs the undersigned to say, in conclusion, that he conﬁdently trusts that this ﬁnd all , other questions of difference between the two Govern- ' » nients will be treated by both in the full exercise of such a spirit of candour, justice, and mutual respect,‘ asgiall give assurance of thg- ei'continuance of,- peahe between the two countries. . - ‘i “The undersigned avails himself’ of this oﬁrtunity to assure Mr. Fox-oi his high consideration. t

» “ DANIEL WEBSTER. “Henry S. Fox, E§q. doc. Soc. 6110;”

ﬂ».

PﬂPERS BY COLUMBIA. i

DISTRICT No. lTNorth Section. \1 HEREBY give Notice, that I will, on Monday the l j 5th day ofJuly, at 13 o’clock, set up and sell by Auction, to ~he lowest bidder, the opening the Main Western Road—com- ~ ’ ,encing atHill's Mills. _ r I “is: “ There are £400 grapted for tlié above Road under the Road

rupensation Act. ‘ JAMES‘rWARBURTON,‘ Commissioner. 1 Lotll, June 3, 18.41. 7‘ "

ment of the oUnited States byélr. Fox’s now, the case assumes a decided aspect. ‘ i r-

“ The Government ie United States entertairis no doubt that, afte‘ this av al of the tra'nsaction'yas a public transaction, authorimd andpundertaken by the British authorities, indii’iduals concerned it ought not, by the principles of public lliwg auditipef’general usage of rcivilized States, to be holden "personally rcs- ponsi‘ble in the ordinary tribunals of law for their par- ticipation in it. And the ‘President presumes that ét can hardly be necessary to say that the American people, not distrustpr of their {abilit' to redress pubﬁt’. wrongs by public m’éaus, danth dﬁgﬁe the punishment of ‘in- dividuals when theﬁact miilziined ofis declaged to have been an :act ofthe Go nment it'self. ’

' The indictment against M‘Leod is pending in a , _ State Court, buth‘is rights, whatever they may be, are a JOSEPH POPE, Commissioner. no less saTe, it is to be presumed, than ifhe wereholden

, to answer in one of the Courtsbf'this Government.

“ The Council for M‘Leod have requested authentic evidence of the avowal by the British Government of the attack on, and destruction of the "Caroli'ne,’ as acts done under its authority, and such evidence will be fur- nished to them by this depart‘nﬂut‘f ' "i

“ The undersigned has now 'to signify'to Mr. Fox that the Government of the United 'States has not changed the opinion which it has heretofore expressed to Her Majesty’s ‘deerninent, of the characterihf the act of destroying the " Carbline.’

""It does not think that the transaction can be justi- ﬁed by any reasonableppplication ordconstruction of the right of self-defence,<‘niider the laws of nations. ’It is

»

1‘;- ms'rplc'i‘ No. 4.

HE Subscriber .wilj'sell by Public Auction, on the spot, to theﬁ'lﬁw‘est bid’der, w On Wednesday the23d lime next, at 10 o’clock, the repair- v cg afBridge and ,ausew'ay near Bradshaw’s, Bedeque -, at'» '2 ,'cl¢l:k, the erid and’fBridge from Irving's to the South West ttlement, Lot 27 ; and.general repairs of that part of Anderson's ’ad in Prince C-ountyA , . Approved Security will he required for the due completion ",f’each contract.

: ~Mir‘y 1st, 1841.

V HUOYS FOR GRAND RIVER IIARBOUR.

I HE Subscriber will let by Auction, to the lowest ‘4 bidder, on Tuesday, the 22d day of June, inst., at the hour . of12 o'clock, noon, at the Sand Beach at Grand River Harbour, ,.. he constructing and maintaining in an ethnic t state, for a term .- of Three to 'Five years, THREE BUOY in Grand River ' :,'Harbnur,} to be constructed in the following manner, viz t—A . _ straight S" r, of_Cedar., Spruce or Pﬂe Wood,securely moored ‘ ' short by it huin to a sufﬁcient weight of. metal or stone—ﬁlls , Spar to hoof sufﬁcient length to show a portion of at least seven - a feet over Elev in a perpendicular position, at high water; such

‘ portign to ' reduced in size, squared at the top end, of suﬂicient r strength only to support four semicircular boards, nailed to the face of the Spar at the top, showing at a distance the appear- ance ofa Globe or Ball.

THE 031er or HOME, AND THE COLONIIPS. While the Mother-country is in a commotioniliof course the interests of the Colonies must to somemt » be involved; but in the present political crisis ’1" very nearly concerned. Having no. recognizedrrep A sentation of their own in the Legislature, their aﬂ'aiﬁ' “3 receive a very partial or a very pre iousaﬂpntiqé, in the formal proceedings of Ministero.~ or the, under: , tain movements of amateh'r Representativcsﬂiiihof “ ‘

éﬁ.’

, Good security for the faithful performance of the contract, will admitted that agjust riohﬁof self-diafence attaches always tr ted’ if taken w'th “imam their hands’ In the 16" pecuniary interest in particular colonies, or from;tqi' ‘ _. n, ' ,1 H1 1' f i ‘ . 3. ’3 . . . . ‘ ‘ ritor f, the Government against which the standard of . * . . . l- '- a; » will“ ‘1 '9 'me ° 5‘19- a a; to nations as “citrus to indiVidiiaals and is iallv ne- I» . a . . - terest which the take in Jartrcular views of cerium“;8 _. , . EN i ., , a i . e ' j b , d b y _ l _ r t , _, . THOM VF, . S _ f the ,r. t- .f smh But the “ten, of reel s.raiset , cannot, e denominate pirates, Wit out . , t d “h , k ,h h , . 7 v Cardigm’hug “we,” . g? ary or“é , r.v.a ion 0 i I ~r U {0” a” l. a u \M.‘ my a e. the de_ zation, are conten to osoigeo e “or , _oug.y.}hgyg _ ,, ., , . , _ _ n r i art in ry se a u g in , L" r a...“ . S, .v at!» / thlstmt'lgfa, l a .to e judged of by the Circum- a . . D ~ have none of the responSibility of agents directly a3- .. r _r r — J. m wry—em. ewﬁ...~:~%‘: ‘. , g f 81h _f __ﬁ ’ of offences. A cause which has so toul an ' d I’ h b r h M b y ' j W t Green 5 Shore, cdeque. stance o e c 'c or can. , . ,.—,_ ~3rigi-n Sgﬁacy gag-ﬁg», mans [home‘s or gyms suede. I te, p t e nuin er 0 t ese em ersa gene}: ~, Subscriber \vill let by Public Auctionéo the exerctse has led to the commission of hostile acts Within Obtain a claim to any ’degree ofaregp’ecmbimy or tole: 'elTaction may"make sad havoc fliecause'th‘eumad ’ ’ lowest bidder,on Friday the 25th day ofJune. at12 o’clock, (

the territory of a power at peace, nothing less than a clear and absolute necessity can afford ground of jus- tiﬁcation. Not having, up to this time, been made acquainted with the views and reasons, at length, which have led her Majesty’s Government to think the des- truction ofthe ‘Caroline’ ‘justiﬁable- as an act of self- defence, the undersigned, earnestly renewing the remonstrance of this Government against the transaction, abstains, for the present, from any extended discussion of the question. But it is deemed proper, nevertheless, not to omit to take some notice of the general grounds of justiﬁcation stated by her Majesty’s Government in their instruction to Mr. Fox.

“ Her Majesty’s Government have instructed Mr. Fox to say that they are of opinion that the transaction which terminated in the destruction of the ‘Caroline’ was a justiﬁable employment of force, for the purpose of defending the British territory from the unprovoked attack ofa band of British rebels and American pirates, who, having been ‘permitted’ to arm and organize themselves within the territory of the United States, had actually invaded‘a portion of the territory of Her Majesty. .

“The President cannot suppose that her Majesty’s Government, by the use _of these terms, meant to_be understood as intimating that those acts, violating the laws of the United States, and disturbing the peace of

by which it is governed have nothing whatever to do with their self-assumed Colonial functions. The next election will be governed entirely by an Anti-Coin-law or a Pr'o-Corn-law spirit, by a general regard to Free Trade, and, still more strongly, by the usual party con-~ siderations: the welfare of the Colonies, or of any par;- ticular colony, will never enter the heads of the elec- tors, except that, here and there, a few may be West India proprietors, anxious to vote against Free-traders on account ofthe Sugar-duties which are in jeopardy: but, generally speaking, the Colonies will be entirely overlooked. Whether they gain or lose by the change,‘ therefore; must be a matter of merechancc. At present their loss seems the more probable result; the immigra- tionists of New South Wales, for instance, will have to deplore the loss of Mr. Grote, who retires from Parliae merit; the supporters of systematic colonization will, lose one of their sturdiest representatives in Sir Wil-~ liam Molesworth, whom the state of parties induces to abstain from contesting Leeds; and Mr William‘Hutt " transfers himself from Hull to Gateshead, and thus makes room for the ingenious and worthy but crotchety Anti-Emigrationist Colonel Thompson; who will very probably be borne into the House of Commons on the shoulders of the Anti-Corn-law agitators, to vote on every possible opportunity against “ breeding for ex- portation.”

rance among nations; and civil wars, therefore, are not understood to have such’a commencement.

“It is well known to Mr. Fox that authorities of the highest eminence in England, living and dead, have maintained that the general law of nations does not forbid the citizens or subjects of one Government from taking part in the civil commotious of another. There is some reason, indeed, to think that such may be the opinion of her Majesty’s Government at the present moment. v

“The Governmentbf the United States has not, from the ﬁrst, fallen into the doubts, elsewhere entertained, ofthe true extent of the duties of .neutrality. It has held that, however it may have been in less enlightened ages, the justfﬁterpretation of the modern law ofna- tions is, that neutral States are bound to be strictly neutral; and that it is a manifest and gross impropriety for individuals to engage in the civil conﬂicts of other States, and thus to be at war, while their Government is at peace. War and peace are high national relations, which can properly be established or changed only by nations themselves.

“ The undersigned trusts that when her Britannic Ma- jesty’s Government shall present the grounds, at length, on which they justifythe local authorities of Canada in attacking and destroying the ‘ Caroline,’ they Will con- sider that the laws of the United States are such as the

s noon, on the spot, the building a BLOCK and SPACE to the Quid VVliarfat Green's Shore, Bedeque.

At the Same time and place, offers will be received for putting down and preserving {hr :1 term of years, three BUOYS at the entrance of Bedcque Harbour. ~

JOSEPH POPE, Commissioner. I Bedeque, May 29th, 1841. » "5!? ‘- ’ LANE) ASSESSMENT.

,___.——~

Tunascann’s OrricE, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, 1stJune,1841.

IN pursuance of the Act of the General' Assembly of

this Island, made and passed in the Seventh year ofthe Reign of His late Majesty King William the Fourth, intituled An ﬂct for levying an ﬂsscssmmt an all Lands in this Island—l do here- by publicly notify the Owners nr Occupiers of Land within this Island, for which the Annual Assessment charged thereoa by the said recited Act, of Four Shillings, lawful money of this Island, for every Hundred Acres of wilderness or unimproved Lands contained in the several Townships, and the several Islands be- longing thereto; and the sum of Two Shillings for every Hun- dred Acres of cultivated or improved Land in the said several Townships and Islands as aforesaid; and the sum of Four Shil- lings for each and everv uncultivated or umimproved Town Lot, Pasture Lot, Common Lot and Water Lot, granted in the Town and Royalty of Charlottetown; and the st'm of Two Shillings for each and every cultivated or improved Toivn, Pasture, Com- mon and Water Lot as aforesaid; and the sum of Two Shillings and Eightpence for each and every Town Lot, Pasture Lot and Water Lot, .granted in the Towns and Royalties of Georgetown and Princetown; and the sum of One Shilling and Fourpence

. ,s. it

6

.4i

is. it.,_,ii_ 1

for each and” every cultivated or improved Town, Pasture and Water Lot, granted in the said last-mentioned Towns and Royal- ties, and so in proportion for a less quantity; and the sum of One Penny per acre on each and every acre ofcultivated or improved Land in the Royalty of Georgetown, called reserved Lands; and the sum of Twopence per acre on each and every acre of such Lands as may be deemed uncultivated or improved Lands, is pay- able, that unless-the Assessment for the current year be paid into my hands, or the hands of my Deputies, on or before the Twenty- ﬁrst, of December, 1841, I shall, on the last day of the next Hilary Term, at Charlottetown, make Proclamation of all such Lands as shall then be in arrear for non-payment of the sums charged thereon, agreeebly to the directions ofthe said Act.

J. SPENCER SMITH, Treasurer.

‘Treasurer’s Ofﬁce, June 1st, 1841.

IN compliance with the provisions of the Act of the General Assembly, for levying an Assessment on all Lands . within this Island, I have appointed the following persons to he Receiver} of the said Assessment:

Prince County. Joseph Pope, Bedcque; “Thomas C. Compton, St. Eleanor's; James Yeo, Port Hill ; Allan Forsyth, Cascumpeque.

Queen's County. James Pidgeon, New London; ‘Tliomas Fairbairn, Sable ; .. Solomon Desbrisay, Charlottetown ; Allan Macdongall, Belfast. ‘ King’s Cami/y. John Jardine, St. Peter’s; Alexander Macdonald, St. Margaret's; William S. Mnceowan, Sonris; H‘IKh Macdonald, Three Rivers; Jamel Richards, Murray Harbour. I. SPENCER SMITH, Treasurer.

THE Subscrll’e': hn‘lng taken that commodious Store on Mrs; Wrights Premises, head of Queems Whm,f (rm- merly occupled bvv M" A‘emn.de" DaVidﬁ‘m). as aSale Room, will 1'“ “my ‘0 "we've a"! dawnl’lion of Goods, Furniture, &0. to ibe disposed of by Auction.

WILLIAM CULLEN.

the British territories, were done under any degree of countenance from this Government, or were regarded by it with indifference; or that, under the circumstan- ces of the case, they could have been prevented by the ordinary course of proceeding. Although he regrets that, by using the term ‘ permitted,’ apossible inference of that kind might be raised, yet such an inference, the President is willingr to believe, would be quite unjust to the intentions of the British Government,

“ That on a line of frontier such as separates the United States from her Britannic Majesty’s North American Provinces—a line long enough to divide the whole of Europe into halves—irregularities, violences and conﬂicts should sometimes occur, equally against the will of both ' Governments, is certainly easily to be supposed. This may he more. pOSsible, perhaps, in regard to the United States, without. any reproach to thbir government, since their institutions entirely dis. courage the keeping up of large standing armies in time of peace, and their situation happily exempts them from the necessity of maintaining such expensrve and dangerous establishments. All that cap be expected from either Government in these cases, '15 good faith, a sincere desire to preserve peace and do justice, the use of all proper means of prevention, and that, if offences cannot, nevertheless, be. always prevented, the offenders shall still be justly punished. In all these respects this Government acknowledges no delinquency in the per. formance ofits duties.

“ Her Majesty’s Government are pleased, also, Ito speak of those American citizens who took. part with persons in Czyiada, engaged in an insurrection ’agalnst the British Government, as ‘American pirates. _ The undersigned does not admit the propriety or Justice of this designation. 1f citizens of the United States ﬁtted out, or were engaged in ﬁtting out, a military expedition

undersigned has now represented them, and that the G0vernment of the United States has always manifested a sincere disposition to see those laws effectually and impartially administered. If there have been cases in which individuals, justly obnoxious to punishment, have escaped, this is no more than happens in regard to other aws.

“Under these circumstanc s, and under those im- mediately connected with t transaction itself, it Will be for her Majesty’s Government to shew upon What ethic of facts and what rules of national law the destruc- tion ofthe ‘ Caroliue’ is to be defended. It will be for that GOvernment to shew a necessity of self-defence, instant, Overwhelming, leaving no choice of means and no moment for deliberation. It will be for it to shew,- also, that the local authorities of Canada, even supposmg the necessity of the moment authorized them to enter the territories of the United States at all, did nothing unreasonable or excessive; since the actjustiﬁed by the necessity of self-defence, must be limited by that ne- cessity, and kept clearly within it. It must be shewn that admonition 0r remonstrance to the persons on board the ‘ Caroline,’ was impracticable, or would have been unavailing; it must be shewn that day-light could. not he waited for; that there could be no attempt at discrimi- nation between the innocent and the guilty; that it would not have been enough to seize and detain the vessel; but that there was a necessity, present and inevitable, for attacking her, in the darkness of the. night, while moored to the shore, and while unarmed men were asleep on board, killing some and wounding others, and then drawing her into the current, above the cataract, setting her on ﬁre, and, .careless to_ know whether there might not be in her the innocent With the guilty, or the living with the dead, committed her to a

istry,

from the United States intended to act against the

fate whichﬁlls the imagination with horror. A neces-

pointme to have at least a share. d bod however constitute , , of sii’ch standing and authority as really to be under- stood to represent the I trial empire, they could not fail to have some weight in the choice of the person I aﬂ‘airs ofthe important countries represented. .'

Such a result can only he. _ . are united in the demand for it: then its resxstance would

Meanwhile, the passing events of the - . day furnish a staring example of the deplorable help- lessness, at the most momentous junctures, to which the , Colonies passively submit:.themselres—Landon 09W . Gazette, June 2.

be impossible.

Moreover, the general election involves the imminent risk of a change of Ministry. Colonial. Ministers than Lord John Russell, and it is still more certain that there might be worse : .there are men in the country to choose chance may appoint one of the best; lonies, or any one his appointment? 7 . of political expediency at home with as little question as they would the birth ofa. prince. be given to the man Who can do the not for the Coloriies: the ,Cabinet, including that for the ﬁlled up with so assembled, ’out of the be appointed to the the worst. ,

Things might be very some kind of representation at: home. course be independent of the home electors; whose own immediate interests, or what are supposed to be such, must reign paramount at the poll. nt of their own Minister the

There might be better

from, in some sort, and but will the Co- of them, have the smallest voice in

Not a jot: they must. take the ﬂat

The place will best for the-Min- the number of the seats in Colonies, will be many gentlemen, and when all are dozen, perhaps the ﬁttest will Colonial Oﬂice—not impossibly

different the Colonies'hnd They should of

But in the op- Colonies ought Had theya representative

so that its members were

wishes and "interests ofthe Colo.

who was to administer the

possible when the Colonies