- -A fine objective for Charlotetown Was suggested in an address at the Rotary Club on Monday by: the Very “Rev.” C.H. Moreau, C.Ss.R. b&b is not only in line with the generous sentiment prevailing at this Christ-

and much-needed one, which would pay dividends in civic welfare for ‘many years and give us genuine yea- son for taking pride in our provincial _ capital and cradle of Confederation. ‘The need for improved housing “and living conditions in this city was

Moreau’s address. “I believe,” he said, “that you could start on a tremendous development of housing if certajn # ership were provided along these te ans sincere citizens were Brought together.” We have called attention to this matter in recent editorials, and have heard many ents from readers who are more nti tely acquainted than we are vith the seriodsness of the present

pusing shortage for people of modest means. The situation is de- rating steadily and unless leader--

' position indeed within the next few ; * wlan 3 ate ss

‘We want more industries in this ‘city; but where are the workmen and | their families to be accommodated ?

istations and other facilities of that ' sort. No thought at all seems to be _ given to providing homes on a reason- - able rental basis for those who can- not afford to build .new ones, and who, if they have large families of small children, are worse off than - our forefathers were in early settle- E t days. Lumber was available a Roce then and dwellings ‘could be put up at very small cost. i One reason ‘given for lack of at- tention by civic aithorities to this problem is the high cost of building at the present time, and the risk in- volved in financing an adequate housing scheme. We do not think there would be any great risk under the Dominion Housing Act; but that, \ “Gn any case, is not the point. The point is that the high cost has made _such a scheme more necessary than “ever if the needs of our less well-to- do \citizens are to be taken care of. “How can they afford to build if the city can’t? And what kind of a city ate we living in, that takes no thought for such basic requirements peas these? = We are talking now in terms of a | civic memorial for Canada’s centen- | hial celebration a few years hence. _ Acultural centre would, as suggested, | be 2 good thing. But by that time our | housing problem will have become _ much worse than it is today, and “what? cultural satisfaction can we take in a glamorous million-dollar edifice for art and entertainment, when an increasing number of our " citizens will have scarcely a roof over their heads?

3 Dialogue 1959

Why and how Canadians should “be concerned with the Orient is the “theme of a booklet just issued by the

Canadian National Commission for | Unesco under the title “Dialogue

1959.” The publication is the first

of a series to be published by .the * Commission on selected aspects of the “Unesco program seen from the Can- _adian viewpoint. It contains texts of ‘addresses given at the first national : _ conference of the Commission, held

+e

F was placed on mutual appreciation of Eastern and Western cultural values. 4 * The complexity of the problem _ {s discussed by H. 8. Toru Hagiwara, _Japan’s Ambassador to Canada, who

“quotes a statement of Professor af enol : Soyubes that the Orient of

+ nan’ imc

a #7 ra og

-Tmas season, but a highly practical:

the theme of the Rev. Father

2 is shown, and -public action- _ stimulated, we shall be in a very bad.

‘continually, to-make way for-service~|~

‘last year, at which special emphasis:

tury rejected western.

a ee ks | Se

confront the peoples of Asia.” “Dialogue 1959” concl with 32 recommenda or action, drawn up by the advisory committee ap- pointed by the Canadian National Commission, ranging from “special studies on Asia in universities and schools to wide-scale use of all fhass media to stimulate ‘public interest.

" Excellent Appointment The Shaw Government is to be

tatulated upon obtaining the:

ices of such a competent and ex- perienced man as Mr. Reid Sangster as director of marketing services for the Province. In making the an- nouncement yesterday, Premier Shaw stated that Mr. Sangster will begin his duties early in the new year by making an ‘exhaustive study of our provincial marketing problems. His main task will be to extend markeis and popularize Island products. Part

_of his work will be to advise 4-H

club members and jugior farmers in proper marketing principles.

— Successful marketing of fishery .

as well as farm products will be Mr. Sangster’s problem, and we can im- agine no more important one at the present time. There -is no doubt as the quality of our products in both industries; but. competition is get- ting keener and it is not.a 4uestion of whether we can afford’a full-time marketing expert but of whether we can longer afford to do without one. The need has been felt for a long time. Premier Shaw's wide ex- perience as deputy minister of

‘agriculture has enabled him to locate —

the right man for the job and the appointnfent will, we have no doubt, be warmly welcomed by all concerned.

_.Nice-Regal Message -

It was an inspring address which

His Excellency Governor General Vanier gave in a television broadcast on Monday to Canada’s youth. In- deed, it was so completely lacking in buncombe and pomposity, 80 sin- cere and straight-forward, that it may well become a classic of its kind. Speaking for older people generally, ‘he frankly conceded that “two major world wars in the course of 25 years isn’t anything to boast about,” and that despite material gains we have made little progress on the ethical and spiritual level. He appealed to his younger hearers to do better. He urged particularly that they join various youth movements, in order that their ambitions, aspirations and generous impulses might be directed into the proper channels.

It was a coincidence, perhaps, that the 37th annual Maritime Tuxis and Older Boys’ Parliament should be meeting this week at Mt. Allison Un- iversity, and that other similar par- liaments are convening across the country. In any case, it was a mes- sage that was most timely and ap- propriate at this season, on the eve of a new year and-a new decade in which peace prospects are brighter than they have been for some time, and in which Canada is likely to play an increasingly important role in world affairs.

~ EDITORIAL NOTES

It is like parting with an old friend to lose the CGS Brant, the federal boat that has been servicing ‘this area for over thirty years. Stie has been replaced by a fine new

. ship, CGS Tupper, but it will be hard -

to duplicate the old Brant’s record of achievement. - r s* « ®@

65 persons met death on the high- ways in Canada during the Christmas weekend, and nearly 500 in the United States. We were fortunate in escap- ing without any serious accident in Prince Edward Island, but we have no excuse for complacency. Our year’s record is the worst we’ve ever had.

; * ¢ * ;

At a recent meeting of farm journal editorsein the United States, it was noted that culture gives employment to 35 to 40 per cent of the total U.S. labor force. 60 per cent of the raw material flowing into the

_national economy has its origin in agriculture, and 40 cents out of every consumer, dollar ‘is spent on products

having an agriculture origin.

a 2 A Tae ae nS A

i

“Christmas Card distributed here

| right at home. Outside the Col-

' was a War of agression, ours for

OTTAWA REPORT

Dangerously Thin Ice

By Patrick

That was the sincere wish on the most i ive ‘official’

‘this year — a simple white card

PUBLIC FORUM

This column is open to the discus

sion by correspondents of question of

interest. The Guardian does not neces

sarily endorse the opinion of corres pondents.

\

APPRECIATION

Sir,—Allow me space in your esteemed paper , sincere thanks for the hospitality extended towards my fellow countrymen and myself since our arrival here and especially at this great time of the year—Merry Christmas. aod the happiest coming year. ie

We feel particularly grateful to the priests and sisters within the University. They. have in every way managed to make us feel

|

Dr.. Joe MacMillan, Dr. the Hogans and many others, are among the finest men we have ever met. To all these, “‘thank you” doesn’t half express our feelings. » Yours very truly, CHARLES MWANGI end STEPHEN MURAI Kenya students St. Dunstan's University. TRUE PEACE AND GOODWILL Sir,—May I once more congra- tulate you on your Christmas ed- itorial on the Birth of Christ. You noted that the star that led the Wise Men to Christ also shone down on Rachael weeping for her children—murdered. How is it the world’s Christians do not get together ‘and refuse to obey wicked rulers, dictators and kings and obey only as the eariv Christians did, Christ their Lord? tan we imagine the early Chris- tian joining the army of Rome to fight for Herod or an¥ other wick- ed ruler or king? Is it any dif- ferent today? Of course, of late years we in the western wre-', fight for survival of our system of goverment. Jesus said to the soldiers, ‘De violence to ncsman”, that is to take by force of arms.

lege, Burge,

If more could accept even this principle itself, it would be suf- ficient to end all wars.

Imagine how we could feed the hungry of the world besides clothe and educate them, if only we could cut short the arma- ment manufacturing busifiess. Right today orders are from Ot- tawa to cut production of hogs, eggs and other products by 30 per cent because we, the govern- ment, cannot afford to drop mon- ey selling those products .on the world market. In other words, shall. we produce butter, hogs and eggs or. fighting bombers and many other implements of war? Hitler had to decide this very question ‘and he ‘shouted, “Guns rather than butter.” His, of course

défence; and yet the means are the same.

Personally, if the church could only have a small group of men address those summit and peace parleys in the interests of man- kind, I believe we would be mak- ing history in paths of peace and, good-will. j

As a rule, politicians are not interested in — social ’ Christian principles, History proves this very definitely.. Khruschevy when here referred to them following Christ’s example on social mat- ters. But he dare not quote all Christ’s words, the one I have ‘mentioned, ‘Do violence to no man”’ or “He that taketh up the sword shall perish by the sword.’ And at least one more, “In sec- ret I have done nothing”. Mr. Khtuschey ‘should, have had a long interview with Billy Gra- ham. “David and Goliath’, May we all strive for good relations ‘mong men for 1960, rather than gold that shall perish with the user, \

I am, Sir, ete.,

emblazoned in full colors with the national coat of arms, and with the crests of the four ser- vices making up our national de- fence. - ;

But es 1 gratefully read that christian greeting, I pondered. What a misnomer is that title of the popular sender: “The Mivis- ter of National Defence’.

The Minister of Nothing.

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heavily taxed, in the name of National Defence, all these years? These and similar questions have caused a widespread disgust and understandable concern about in- ternational affairs — perhaps the Number One topic in Canada’s mind today. : Canadians see no security in the present uneasy stalemate, with the two nuclear giants glar- ing at each other across Canada’s

: "NOAH AND THE ARn

factor which makes sense of the great optimism being expressed by Hon. Howard Green, our For- eign Minister, wpo foresees that the disarmament talks in 1960 have a good chance of achieving

"| the success which eluded similar

talks over the past 14 years.

Right or wrong, disarmament is Canada’s major objective in Foreign Affairs today. We have no magic new formula; we have no new diplomatic staff; but we do have as front man a poacher turned game warden, General Burns. :

What is new, perhaps, is Rus- sfa’s realism, and the West's slow appreciation of this change.

We must hope so. Else there will

northern territories: each cap-

A Year Of

In 1959, a year of dazzling scien- tific progress, man caught his first glimpse of the mysterious, hidden face of the moon.

Until October, astronomers could only guess what secrets the moon concealed by keeping the same hemisphere always turned toward the. earth. Then came the dramatic flight of-the Soviet rock- et Lunik III, which transmitted photographs of the moon’s other side back to earth. Though the pictures were blurred; they re- vealed sufficient detail for Rus- sian scientists to begin naming topographic features.

The Soviet triumph, however, was merely one of many import- ant discoveries made during the year in man’s unending quest for more knowledge,

OTHER DISCOVERIES ‘ While~some space scientists dis- cussed an instrument - carrying rocket designed to land on the moon, .others aspired toward Mars and Venus, the earth’s next closest neighbors in space. To ex- plore them, scientists need sa- tellites that can broadcast through millions of miles ‘of space. Venus never comes closer:to the earth than 26 million miles, and Mars never swings nearer than 34.6 million. F ; Broadcasting over such vast inees long periods. re- quires. a deal of electric power, which cannot be supplied from sources on the earth. Hence scientists were cheered

possibility of using kets to sample both the the soil of Venus and Mars. And the United States planned a

toward V

HARRY PRIDHAM Aibertoa,

'

ational Geographic

be no Peace on Earth in 1960.

Exploration

Society

curious magyin 1959. On July 11 the Office of Naval Research and the National Science Foundation sent up a large polyethylene bal- loon carrying a 12-inch telescope and a motion picture camera. Re- leased from Lake Elmo, Minne- sota, the remote-controlled bal- loon reached at altitude of 82,000 feet—above more than, 96 per cent.of the earth's view-fogging atmosphere. The vehicle returned with more than 1,000 of the sharp- est pictures ever taken of sun- spots,

EARLIEST TRACE 4

Space -exploration promised awesome triumphs, but in 1959 man also took a long hard look at his own humble past. It was the 100th anniversary of Charles Darwin’s momentous “Origin of Species." Fittingly during the centennfal year, a Kenya anth- ropologist discovered what may be the earliest known trace of man.

Dr. Louis S.B. Leakey andjhis wife found the skull of a prehis- toric youth in Olduvai Gorge, Tanganyika. ‘Hailed as a link be- tween true man and his apelike progenitor, .the skull is believed to be more than 600,000 years old. nit

Working on a more recent era of human history, a National Geo- graphic Society - Tulane Univer- sity expedition excavated Dzibil- ehaltun, the largest known Maya center and perhaps the largest archeological city-site in the New World. Dr. E. Wyllys Andrews, director of the project in Yucatan, Mexico, reported the discovery of a series of wooden artifacts in a well. The finds may remain

unique unless future underwater | in

work is undertaken, because

wooden artifacts in the soil soon

and | perish in the alternation of dry

and wet seasons.

North of the border, the Na- tional Park‘ Service joined Na- tional Geographic in exploring

yand stabilizing cliffside ruins in

Mesa Verde National Park, Col { -

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orado. The archeologists hope to find with certainty why the In- dians laboriously built their hous- —— mysteriously abandoned

In the Old World, Dr. Nelson

ewish Institute of Relig- ion, found evidence of many an- cient camp sites along the trails in the Negev. These caravansar- ies served the ancients as motels.

WINERY OF GIBEON

Archeologists from the Univer- sity of Pennsylvania uncovered ruins of a 2,600-year-old winery at the ancient Biblical city of Gibeon near Jerusalem. The win- ery had a capacity of 30,000 gal- lons. The Bible says the Hebrew general, Joshua, condemned the inhabitants of Gibeon to be “hew- ers of wood and drawers of wat- er”. The excavation shows, how- ever, that they often drew some- thing stronger. .

In Afhens, an expedition led by Dr. Homer A. Thompson of the Princetown Institute of Advanced Study excavated the ancient ag- ora, or market place, where So- erates taught.

Archeologists devised a rea- sonably comprehensive drawing and scale model of the original site. They: also discovered an ancient Athens mint which con- tained €urnaces and bronze molds for making coins.

In Rome, archeologists un- earthed the supposed ruins of the Emperor Nero's gardens, where Christians were tortured and killed. The Christians, ; then a minority constantly u t sus- picion for refusing to accept the established religion, were accus- ed of setting the fire that des- troyed much of Rome in-A.D. 64. When a multitude of “atheistic” Christians wete arrested and convicted, Nero offered his gar- dens for their torture and exe-

ered with pitch and burned as living torches to illuminate the scenes of slaughter.

CLUE TO SHIP MYSTERY? During Nero's infamous reign; the port of Claudius was built about 20 miles from Rome on the Mediterranean. In 1959: workmen a new Rome airport near of Claudius came upon s of several ancient ships. With these relics, scientists hope to clear up an old :° how oarsmen sitting %, one on top of gnother, sd “te operate such ships.

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j are considered extinct, but hope - | redby the discovery of “‘neo-. : to have died out.

.| ques-Yves Cousteau, .|er of the French undersea re-

cution. Some Christians were cov- | ,

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&il men are equal; it is not

ed, -turreted palace got its name because there was “nonsuch like it.” Its construction is said to have depleted’ the royal trea-

"ih th tac ow whe sky and on land, scientists hunt- ed answers to their questions. The United States Navy's deep- sea bathyscaphe Trieste reached a record depth of 18,600 feet in the Pacific’s Mariana Trench off Guam. ‘There the scientists ob- eee shrimp and numerous burrowing animals — but no fish.

Biologists of the Scripps In- ‘stitution of Oceanography search- ed for living, trilobites — crablike animals that inhabited the oceans 500 million years ago. Trilobites

of finding specimens was spur-

4

pilina,’” creatures also thought

Another intriguing quest was launched by ‘the Beaudette Foundation for Biological Re- search at Solvang, California. Biologists are interested in a mysterious strip of the Pacific Ocean stretching from Panama to Baja California, Mexico. In that area, fish grow to tremen- dous sizes and seem immune to disease. Scientists wonder if the

water contains some medical in- gredient whic , might benefit man.

DIVING SAUCER INVENTED In Atlantic waters, Captain Jac- command.

search ship Calypso and coinven- tor of the Aqua - Lung, success- fully tested a new vehicle that will open fresh frontiers to under- se@explorers. The vehicle is the jet - powered Diving Saucer, a man - made sea monster that looks like a huge mechanical ‘turtle with two gaping eyes. Captain Cousteau, who has led the National Geographic Society- Calypso expeditions since 1952, inspired its design ‘to meet the need for a highly maneuverable device to use below 150 feet — the maximum practical depth of divers equipped with Aqua-Lungs. Explorers moved across froz- ‘en wastes of the Poles in 1959— the 50th anniversary of Admiral Robert E. Peary’s historic North Pole dash. Columbia University geologists charted a huge “‘is- land”’ submerged under the Arec- tic Ocean. The underwater pla- teau rises abruptly more than 8,000 feet from the ocean floor. Soviet scientists also were ac- tive in the Arctic, drilling 15,006 holes through ice 10 feet thick to. drop their lines and sinkers, and map the’ Arctic Octan's bot- fom. Meanwhile, other Russians in Antarcti¢a were reported to be preparing soil for electrical- ly heated hotbeds. The hotbeds would allow polar explorers to grow fresh vegetables on the fro- zen continent. While some scientists braved

The Age Old Story

Let us therefore come boldly

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