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Tm: GUARDIAN

lorulng Dill] rreuoou in ten) Adhesion! as Iiououd Class lull. Poul Olfllo - llnlnrnoug Ottawa. The Inland lluordful Publishing OI. lllsos and lounging llirocrssr. I u. Burnett. Annotate Idltne. Iruuh Walks.

"The Strangest Memory is Weaker Than choir/sakes! Ink.‘

mnuornzrowflj“ runny, may 2o, 1m

Who Was Responsible?

Who was responsible for the fact that Prince ‘ldward island, the leading agricultural Province of the Maritimes, was ignored in preparing the itinerary for the fifty prominent world agricul- turists who are touring Canada and the United

States, opening with a visit to Nova Scotia and‘ New Brunswick on May 21-23? While in our sis-l

ter Provinces they wil-I be the guests of their

.. respective Provincial Departments of Agriculture,

and will take in the Annapolis Valley and sec- tions of the Saint John River Valley. Annapolis Valley is a lovely place, but apples are at pres- ent as much a drug on the market as our canned fish which Ottawa refuses to assist our fisher- men in trying to dispose of. The farmers repre- sented in this delegation are from Great Britain, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Holland, ln- dia, Kenya, New Zealand, Norway, Southern Rhodesia, South Africa and Sweden among other places. Surely they would appreciate an opportun- ity of visiting this banner Farm Province of the Dominion!

It is announced that the party will travcl from Truro to Quebec over the Canadian Na- tional Railways. Time was when such tours were under the exclusive direction of the C. P. R. and the Moritimes were usually left out of the pic- ture altogether. We in this Province are being treated in the same manner by our Govern-ment- owned railway, without so much as a word of explanation or apology.

Our Provincial Government should get busy immediately with a strong protest against this treatment, and with a view to having the schedule changed so that at least some of these important visitors moy have an opportunity of visiting us later in their tour. The-y can do so by utilizing the air-lines; and from their standpoint as well as ours it would be time well a-nd uro- fitably spent.

ilnoonvlnolng iiilbl

Commenting on the erocuse advanced for taking the cor ferry Abegweit to Montreal ra- ther than to a Maritime port for overhauling-— namely that the vessel's captain had advised this course-the Moncion Times remarks:

“if this circumstance was the sole motive for the Canadian National Railways board of directors awarding the work to Canadian Vickers and not to the lowest tenderer-the Saint John Drydock Company-then the railways‘ director- ate have been‘ responsible for making, to pu_t it mildly, one of the most curious decisions apart altogether from the other aspects of the case already mentioned, that of discrimination.

"And this discrimination was all the more glaring in that it was created by the action of an agency or an operator for the Federal Gov- ernment of a Government-owned ship, for the overhauling or reconditioning of which the re- sponsible cabinet minister is reported to have stated that the iob would go to the company submitting the lowest tender.

"The decision of the operators‘ directorate

» even goes further than an evident negation of

the statement, or policy, if you like, of the Fed- eral Minister of Transport. lt reaches the height of absurdity, if the contention of the carferry captain was the guiding principle in awarding the contract to the Montreal concern rather than to the lowest tenderer in Saint John. "The point is as plain as it is absurd-if the so-called navigational dangers constitute a hazard to sailing the Abegweit around the Nova Scotia coast to Saint John, are not the vessels of Canadian National West Indies Steamships exposed to the some asserted dangers every voy-

. age they make from Saint John to Halifax or

from Halifax to Boston?

"There is really no need to go further by way of illustration, but it might be added for the record that every week throughout the winter season of navigation bigger ships than the P. E. l. carferry—among them the large trans-Atlantic "Em-presses" of Canadian Pacific Steomships-ply the Halifax-Saint John route, and without any mishaps. Except these C.P.S. liners, few, if any, of the other craft are nearly as well equipped with the modern navigational aids such as _rador that are to be found on the Abegweit."

Education In Germany

i?

‘The greatestsingle fault of the German education system, notes o writer in the New

,.Yor1: Times, has always been its authoritarian

centralized, the system took its

pattern. Highly the

orders only from above. More important,

_ school system was always kept isolated from the

eople themselves. This pattern, centuries old, was solidly fixed in theGerman structure; it became even more firmly entrenched during the Hitler regime. m Germans, lrr the past, regarded as inter-

lsrlnce" or “outlandish”, any such concept as

the’ democratic system of control, with its boards ‘p ‘ggqqflmygqyipesed of l on; with its mm‘ organizations and sc I committees; with its community and pms interested in every school function.’ When American educational advisers reach- rman after V-E D they were aware at d 6.1;“ Z lob their hands in un- chuckling the nnan school system from its traditional controls. One of the early directives the Mlled Authzrity enumera; nc es to nrelo emocrocy rn w‘ H A "other things, it call- oties of the German

toward

sk, flqsrlqyjie, ‘qetor of

possible to interest German laymen it; their edu- cational system. The program is being directed by the Education and Cultural Relations Division of the Office of Military Government of the United States.

The experiment has been in progress for the last six months in about a dozen Bavarian cities, ranging in population from 5,000 to 50,000. Dr. Ralph P. Gallagher, a New Jersey educator, was brought to Germany to set up a “loca| initiative project" to broaden the school base. To thresh out school problems in the open, he arranged numerous public meetings which were well attended.

On the basis of the first half-year's exper- ience, American educators in Germany are con- fident that they are on the right track. They feel that unless the mass of German people can accept responsibility for a more democratic school program, little permanent value con be expected.

J EDITORIAL NuIESJ.

Clean-up at Kensington to be followed in Charlottetown. Beautification is the order of the

duly. new

The recent rainfall in the Prairies, iust when it was most needed, was a blessing to all Can- ada as well as to wheat fields on which it fell.

i i R

Judging from the advertised mortgage sale of O'Leary's electric plant by the Provincial government, the electrification programme is not going according to plan.

Q I

The Fisheries Federation has done the right thing in accepting the Provincial Liberal Asso- ciation's offer to submit their brief on price sup- port to the Prime Minister officially. The in- terests of the industry come first, and the un- fortunate incident of Tuesday should not be per- mitted to interfere with this primary objective.

R N’ fl

u

The setback to strawberry growers by the withdrawal of the Matthews-Wells Co. from the market is regrettable, but more than likely what the growers will lose in preserving they will gain by selling fresh strawberries on the open mar- ket, our product being reaped slightly after the mainland supply has been exhausted.

U I I lt has become traditional for insurance com- panies not merely to reimburse losers but to take active steps to keep losses to a minimum. The Canadian Life ‘Insurance Officers Associa- tion is following that policy in promoting health by providing additional funds for fellowships in public health training. I I

The growth of great cities changes man-y values, In small communities it is a virtue to destroy garbage by burning it in an incinerator, but smoke reduction experts blame the prac- tice for much of the "smog" which has irritated different urban areas.

U I O

Veterans’ Land Act authorities are painting with pride to a young R.C.A.F. veteran who made a success in Ontario of a lDO-acre farm on which for 40 years no tenant farmer had been able to make a living. His success, they claim, is due to expert advice as to the particular problems of that piece of land and to his attending agri- cultural short courses. An additional factor ap- pears to have been his ability to finance the necessary improvements.

it i

Christopher Columbus,‘ discoverer of the Western World, died this date i506. After gain- ing the support of Queen lsabella of Castile, he set sail on his first voyage on Aug. 3, i492, with three ships. On Oct. l2 they came to land at the Bahama Islands (Watling Island) and spent three months scouring the West lndies. He then returned, and was welcomed by the King ‘and Queen of Spain. He accomplished much on sub- sequent voyages but added little to his firs-t achievement. He never realized that he had made the greatest discovery in all maritime his-

to ry.

nun

Advertisers should invest five cents of every advertising dollar in research to make the other ninety-five cents do a sharper job, Marion Har- per Jr., president of McCann-Erickson, New York, said at an advertising and sales promotion conference sponsored by the Ohio State Uni- versity. Advertising’: basic problem today is a knowledge problem-a~t every level, he said. Cus- tomers now are more selective, competition is keener, top man-agement is more inquisitive, and "it is important in the present market 1o know what the customer is worth, what it costs to get him or her, and what it costs to hold the buyer. Why not challenge your product in con- sunur acceptance and appeal, in your adver- tising appeal, your marketing appeal, your ad- vertising dollar, your merchandise at point-of- sale?"

I

Output of butter has continued to gain up to now, the total production of creamery butter for the first four months of this year showing an advance of nearly 5,000,000 pounds or seven per cent over the some period of last year. This is attributed partly to improved supplies and lower prices of feed grains during the past winter, enabling the farmers to better the feed- ing and productivity of herds. To the end of April margarine production has exceeded 18,000,000 popnds, equivalent to about 36 per cent of but- ter output during the some period, and market- ing of the butter substitute in the last two months pointed to production of around 80 mil- lion lbs. and capacity of 1004M million lbs. annual . The Government has yet to answer til‘ Dairy uncil’: inquiry as 1p whether support birying of butter is to continue and if so, at what pgico of purchase and re-sale; or alter- ndttvely whether some other method is to be adopted, such as subsidizing the difference bo- twoen the floor price and the actual prices-of sale on a free market or exploring the possibili- ties of err-port sales. The pressure of- the situa- tion (says Montreal Gazette) ls steadily mount- lng to force the Government to decide whether itwiii oonthroetotryandcontrol thsproblsrn by artificial moons or lsevs butter to establish

empetitlve position and price level against

i I

. I , . srerperlrro vritlrorrt controls.

TlilisQuAliPléltl.

PUBLIC FORUM

This column ls open ts the dlsousslouby correspondents of questions of fussed. the Guardian does not ueoeQI- lly eudo the opinion of correspondents.

BACON HOG PRODUCTION

B1r_—1 wonder wihal; oldt-l-urers 1n the hog-growing business tbrlnk od the following twin paragraphs from a frontpage story 1n May 14 isure of The Guordlanz-lf they are shill interested 1n the markets, and remember trhe clays of so per hundredweight 1a »the not-so-long agot:

"Government officers estimated tonight. Lhnt Crmude. will 11.1.1 short of her 160,000_000-pound bacon contract with the United Kingdom in 1049 by more than 60_000_000 pounds.

“The U. K. commitment Ls for 160000000 pounds during the cur- rent year at u cost. of $36 a hund- redrwelght for No. 1 sides. Pay- ment is made 1n hard currency."

It. makes interesting and. not overly-encouragmg stuff for the record; shows what must. have been ln the mind of the economist- philosopher when he said: “New times demand new measures and new men”; and synchronised with Prfirne Minister St. Leurenfs re- minder to a Surnmerslde uudlence: “We are consuming two-thud: more pork than 1n 1030."

The fact the). the farmer can move into the hog hueimss- and

.

s

THIS 6R€AT SPORT CALL$ ‘FOR Cl-OSG STICKING TO TH€ UTTLE 0i.‘ RULE BOOK~

also out of lt-wlth about. equal enthusiasm, 1s plaLn enough from the figures. showing that 10-19 to- tals for Canadian hogs nre only about. half of the 1943 levels. This may be considered, 1n the free enterprise sense, e democratic prlvllege. I would be among the first to agree; but I wouldn't. care to have the assign-men! of show- ing that 1t. ls good business tech- nlque.

Of course, 1n 1943 we had liber- ally mountains of “feed" and a fair supply of rural Iebar; both of whfch are at. modest levels today. Nevertheless 1t 1s very poor busf- ness technique!

I em, B1r_ eta, FRANCOIS.

P.W.C. BOARDING RESIDENCE

Sir, — In your issue of the 16th you made this comment: “If we are ever to have o. boarding residence 1n connection with Prince of Wales College we will evidently need n philanthropist like Lord Beaver- brook In our midst.”

Now Sir, 1t: 1s my conviction the’. the average unleurned reader will overlook the modifier "evidently" and take the comment to mean that the people of this Province ere financially unable to provide rr residence at P. W. C. If readers hastily assume that to be your conviction, then 1t.s influence on some wlll be very regrettable, be- cause 11 1s absolutely incorrect to believe this Province is financially unable to provide such a. residence. The proof of that assertion 1c within our very midst.

'I'hat: 1s, one section of our poulatlon 1s erecting and expend- ing residentlal schools end fe.c111t1os 1n many parts of lzhe Province. Therefore, when one pert can do so, all can do likewise. But the trouble 1s that our so-called lead- ers are not. leaders at all. !n fact, they are not even followers of public opinion or wishes, because the people have requested that. u residence e provided and people do ‘not as 1f they are not pre- pared to pay the cost.

This situation could be com- pared to you. Sir, directing your staff to prepare n speclel issue of your newspaper and the staff re- plying that you could not afford to do so. Then after you assure them otherwise, they say 1n ef- fect, "Well then at some 1n- definlte time 1n the future we will do so." This situation re the residence 1s just es ridiculous es that one would be.

Previous to the establishment of practically every public service. everyone can recall having heard, especially from members of gov- ernments, that obsolete comment. "there 1s no money to do 1t." Many w1ll remember one of the moat re- cent of such situations, 1.e., extre- murnl treatment of Tuberculosis, where breedwlnners were 111 with T. B. and the dependant families had been refused financial assfst- nncc by the Government on the familiar excuse that there was no money for this purpose. The people said they could end would pro- vide the necessary money 1n the form of n health tax. Since then they have been paying several hurr thousand dollars annually 1n this way, while only some 000.1110 of l1 1.! used for extra-mural work.

The some npplfes to the urgent- ly needed residence e1: P. W. O. end other educational reforms; the people have requested them and will pay the cost without the ne- ulstnnce of n philanthropist. 1f necessary, just. us they have pro- vided end are paying for extru- murul and n11 the other public services. 1f their public servnnts (the govemment.) will be guided by their requests.

It 1s regrettable. but true. that public smWANfi con delay the fulfillment of the people's wishes rind ln this case. re s P. W. 0. residence, deprfve the youth of its urgently needed benefits.

1’ nmyllr, ate, "PARENT"

6. F. Hutchssou i ‘Idea .

.~ anoint-um henna-unusual: shsssslsrthsoorreslsld ssdllsfoob.’ ' _ aouusmrnrnrm'

- Notes By

Almost us much of n nulssnoe on the hllhway as the speeder 1s the slow-poke, who unnecessarily ties

up ull truffle behind him and causes accidents when motorists swerve out of line to pun him. It is not u safe picture to see n cnr driven at 15 miles on hour on the highway with u long line of curs blehlnd hlrn. -- Niagara Falls Re- v ew.

Nine-front!!! -—' Pi-olrlbly I higher Dfltllortlon — of the accidents that occur in traffic and that lead every day of the year to such needless and thoroughly preventable loss of life and property are due to criminal culpability on the port of drivers. very few of whom are ignorant of the chances they take and tire risks they run. The condition of the road, the state of the weather, the imperfections of the machine, are frequently given the blame when 8131mm)’ 1t ls the reckless, irrespons- lble and negligent driver who 1s solely .espons1ble. Brackvllle Recorder end Times.

In Ontario the other day they sent a mun to jail for nn indefi- nite period because he ls an habi- tual criminal. He'll stay behind bars until the uuthorftlez decide to release him, which may be never, And they can do it, too, because 11's the law. We like this law about habitual criminals. Any men or. omnn who continuously gets into trouble with the law, who ls always Betting ln and out of Jail, or who ls consistently 1n hot water with B06911’. 1s a menace end shouldn't be allowed to roam the streets. If he can't keep out of jull, he should be sent to one for life 1f necessary. —Lethbr1dge Herald.

The Toronto Globe and Mall Ill attributed to Dr. Gordon Bates, general director of the Health Len- Bue of Canada, the statement that u world record for immunity from diphtheria has been let by Toronto dull"! the lest 18 months. That ls doubtless n mutter of actual frrat, but, just the some. 1t needs clerl. flcetion. It 1s n world record -— but only for cities the size of To- ronto or latter. This distinction ls important. The notable achieve- ment of the Ontario metropolis does not in the least detract from the accomplishment of Brantford, which has not had n single can of diphtheria since November 18, IQSO-nearly 19% years, not a mere 18 months! - Brnntford Exposi- tor. i

In the midst of local speculation on the probable effects ln-Brltlsh Columbia of having a Federal elec- tion follow n provincial contest so closely. 1t is pertinent to point out that. despite the tongue-in-ctreek predictions of the Socialists, there need be no political gymnastics. either actual or implied, 1n Liberal voters giving full support m C53". tlon candidates in the first elec- tion campaign and then going n11 out to elect n straight party cundl. date 1n the Dominion balloting. The some may be sold about the Progressive Conservatives. The pro- blems und issues in either one ere entirely separated. and the tactics of the old-lino plrtlss ln each elec- tion wlll contain 1n no sense e re- pudlntlon of party Ideal‘, _ vrc. torlu Times.

Don't ollp the garden gnu. u» short. Man? P001110 l0 to end- less trouble in the Spring fertiliz- ing. top-dressing and rolling their hwn. only to offset much o! the 800d they do at that time, by mow- ing lt.too close I11 through the Srumrnsr. The shorter the loaves. r e more the gross villus-exposed to tbs burnlnl Summer sun the more fertiliser and water ll be required: and the enslsr 1t will be for weeds to encroach. The out- tins bur of the lawn mower should nevsrbsletloworthsn 116a: 2 Inches from the ground, oneept "ml "Heinz bent moses, which ore seldom ussd on garden by", Mowing should be frequent, so that silnrlnsr may be 1m on the town "I"! "ti! form u lood source of rich nutrient. If the grown too ploll must be raked off. u 1f they lieonthohwnthsyundumwm.

gross _ lens. however. the clip-

The Way -

the coll 1s thoroughly moistened to n depth of four inches. -— Domin- 1an Government Bulletin.

Before the white man ourne to the Prairie West the Indians lived well at certain seasons of the year. There were millions of buffalo fattening on the lush Prairie gran, there were nntlve fruits, fish ln the streams, and ten and meal to be trad at the trading posts for the furs which abounded. But the bells of the Indian’: food wru Prairie gran. For n long time after farmer settlers began to crowd into the Went 1n the early days of the century the whole ef- fort was ta kill‘ the grass to make way for when» The mnchers praised the grass. of course, and wanted 1t left "right side up." But they were driven farther and fer-tir- er back from the settlements and our appreciation of the value of grass dwindled. Now, however, we're beginning again to nppteel- ate this great resource, this kindly cloak of Nature, and we're trying l0 rellbre it in areas where 11. should never have been disturbed. The spearhead of this restoration program 1s the Prairie Farm Re- habilitation Administration. —Let.h- bridge Herald.