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TIIE GIIARLOTTETUWII GllARlllAll

. Morning Dally (Founded in 188'!) Authorized as Second Class Mail. Pout Offieo \ Department. Ottawa

President: W, Chester S. McLure, M-P. Vlce-vresldent: J. B. Burnett, FJJ. Secretary: lu-ut Col. D. A. MaoKrnnon, 0.5.0. Editor and olanagtng Director: l R. Burnett, FJ-L ' Associate Editors: Prank Walker and

Ian A. Burnett.

The Guardian may be obtained at: Hub Tobacco Shop. Moncton, N. IL The News Shop, Monoton, N. B. George McLean, Proton N. S.

Walker's White Spot, ll Salter 5L, Halifax, NJ. Metropolitan News Agency, i248 Peel 5t., Montreal. Llnlted Cigar Stores, Chateau Laurier, Ottawa Ont.

B. Aitken, Lord Eigin‘s tiotel Ottawa, Ont.

J. Fine. 354 Bay St, Toronto, Ont. Wolfe's News Stand, Sndbury, Ont.

Old South News. Cor. Milk and Washington Sta,

Boston Bill-ENDS’! NH" Afibncy, Times Building, New York.

"The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink."

SATURDAY. MARCH 9, i916

Education

Of drief interest- in the annual report of the Department of Education, tabled this week in the Legislature, is the very comprehensive stud interesting report of thc Deputy Minister and Director of liducalion, .\lr. L. W. Shaw. The material of .\lr. Shaw's report was corn- piled during the months following his return to this Province. It was intended as an appraisal of our present program of education and also to serve as a guide when considering extension and improvement. When the Advisory Com- mittee on Reconstruction commenced its activ- ities this material was presented to them and later it was incorporated in their general re- port. As such it appeared in summary form in The Guardian of Dec. 22, 1945.

Chiefly, Mr. Shaw recommends organiza- tion of the whole Province as one unit for pur- poses of financing education, and the gradual establishment of approximately 3o areas or regions for high school purposes, each to be presided over by a board. The one-room school would continue to function for elementary edu- cation, but it is likely that control of these small schools would gradually pass into the hands of the regional board. -

Other recommendations an for the elimin- ation of very small schools; the improvement of facilities in one-roomed schools; establish- ment of some 30 regional composite high schools; extension of P. W. C. courses horizontally to include activities of the composite high schools

' on the junior college level; extension of adult

education opportunities; improved selection and training of teachers in elementary schools; com- pleee revision of curriculum; appointment of an attendance officer in close ctr-operation with family allowance officials; extended and im- proved supervision.

Mr. Shaw doe: not deal with the financial aspect, but admittedly money will have to come from somewhere to effect these reforms. The Advisory Reconstruction Committee in its re- port says the cost will necessarily be “very con- siderable.” It is suggested that the program would extend over a number of years, but even so, increased revenue must be found. The Sirois Report recommended a national adjustment grant and the Reconstruction Committee says this recommendation “must be carried into ef- fect by the Federal Government if we are ‘to build up any reasonable adequate educational service.”

This, the Committee says, would require to be supplemented by an increased educational tax. “The per capita expenditure of $6.90 is far below that 0f any other province. . . . it obviously follows that the expenditure per pupil ($49.56) is extremely low. . . On the other hand we find that the per cent of total provin- cial expenditure used for education is 15.1 in Prince Edward Island, the second highest of the provinces; and that the per cent of educa- tion expenditure provided by the Provincial Government is 6.2.1 in Prince Edward Island, away above that of all other provinces; in fact double that of all save Nova Scotia. The point that we would stress is that the amount con- tributed by the ivcoplc towards this expendi- ture through educational tax has been extra- Ordinarily low. The figure $6.90 given as the pcr capita expenditure on education is made up of $1117 raised by district taxation and the bal- aucc $4.25 from general revenue. The general rcvt-nuv. of course, is dcrivcd largely from I)lilllllll(lll subsidies, so that the actual per cap- il;r dirvct contribution of the pcOplC of Prince liiluzirrl island is well below $6011"

The recommendation of the Reconstruc- tion Committee is "that when the Province shall have been constituted a single unit for educa- tional finance, the anrouut of taxes levied for education be increased to a total of at least $6.00 per capita. The total expenditure for educa- tion would necessarily bc much greater than this, and the balance would come out 0f gon- cral revcuuc, as at ivrescnl."

By way of contrast, it is worth noting from the Education Department statistics that back in the yCar 1899, when we had.21,845 enroll- ments in the schools in place of the 17,391 for 1945, provincial education expenditure amount- Ed to $146,902 against 688,746 last year. That, of course, doesn't mean that we "are paying enough yet; but it does indicate, even allowing for difference in prices, that we are making progress in this direction. Last year, accord- ing to Mr. Shaw's report, there was a consider- lblc increase in salaries but despite this the number of teachers holding regular license show- ed a decrease, with a corresponding increase

i in the number leaching uudcr permit. ‘This is

in unfortunate tendency," Mr. Shaw says, “and it hr of little otnfnrt to know that the other ‘provinces of. anada are faced with the same i blah.‘ in pie-war days approximately roo ~ into our schools each year. training all... in Prince of Wales the‘, - r and t review (endinu

i . 39-1 1th quits

er attracting nor holding the proper type of YQUYIK DQYSOH; and this is the case even in those provinces where salaries are much higher than ours."

A study of the problem indicates that small salaries is but one of three main factors in- volved in the teacher shortage; the others being unsatisfactory living conditions as compared with those engaged in business offices in larger centres, and unsatisfactory working conditions, including the relations with parents and boards of trustees. '

Tribute To Churchill

The civic authorities of New York are pro- paring an elaborate programme for the reception of Rt. llon. Winston Churchill, who is to visit that city on March I5. Ond highlight event 0f the occasion will be the presentation to Mr. Churchill by Mayor O'Dwyer of the city's of- ficial gold medal and its certificate of distinguish- ed service. Mr. Churchill, Mrs Churchill and their daughter, Airs. Sarah Oliver. will bc met 0n their arrival at the Pennsylvania Station by the Mayor, Grover Whalen the reception coul- mittee chairman and other civic officials and will be escorted to the Waldorf-Astoria hotel. The ceremonies connected with the Churchill visit will include an official banquet, a proces- sion up Broadway, and a reception to which 1,800 invitations are said to havebcen issued. If Mr. Churchill really came to America for a rest, he must have left out of his calculations the price of popularity in the laud of the free. No Brit- ish statesman ever capturcd the American im- agination to so great a degree as Winston Churchill, dynamic wartime leader of Great Britain in the most tremendous military con- flict the world has known. And the American imagination knows neither restraint nor repose.

t-EDITORIAL NOTES-

Tomorrow first Sunday in Lent, w

“Ladies have the option", is the rule, now that the P. E. I. Hospital campaign in the City has been turned over to them.

x a v 4

The Halifax horsemen have come and gone, leaving very pleasant memories behind them in addition to those accompanying them home. '

U i U! ii

For the next six weeks or so, most poo- ple will be busy preparing for Spring work on the farm or in building construction and re- construction. Now is the time to lay founda- tions for beautifying the province along the lines suggested by Col. Jolrrrstone.

I i ¥ i

The Church of England in Canada is launching its Advance drive to raise $4,300,000 qrd will use direct-ruail, newspaper advertis- ing and radio appeals. Newspaper advertising will be directed at the large number of non- church-goers, which far exceeds those in regu- lar church attendance, and which ruust be reach- ed if the objectivais to be attained.

i ll‘ ll‘

Aulcrigo Vespucci, ltalizru navigator, died this date 1512; he fitted out the third expedition of Columbus, and explored the Venezuelan coast in I499; discoverer of All Saints’ Bay in Brazil in 1503; and on return to Europe was appointed pilot-major of Spain; he claimed to have discovered America before eitiher Cabot or Columbus, and for this the Germans gave him credit, giving the newly discovered continent the name of Anrcrica, a corruption of his Christian name.

w i- w

The postponed Dominion-Provincial Con- ference has provided a useful alibi 1o the Jones Government in slaving off petitions and other requests for lunch-needed improvements in ‘vari- ous parls of the Province. By the time the Con- ference re-asscmbles, the annual Legislature will be a thing of the past, and the bureaucrats be at liberty to act according to their own sweet wills.

4r v i 1i

“Wlry," asks a correspondent, “do corn- cdians and film stars command a salary greater by far than politicians and parsons? Is it that entertainment plays a more viital part in our lives than the welfare of the nation?" Federally, it must be admitted, the politicians fare wonder- fully well at $6,000 per annum for a part-time job. As to parsons, perhaps it's because they do not draw a “gate” comparable to the corri- edians—-aud don't want to.

4r 4- w v

One of the outstanding journalists and publicists in the Old Country has just passed away in the person of Mr. A. G. Gardiner, form- er editor of Th: London Daily News, and a con- tributor to The London Slur under the pen name of Alp/lo of the Plough. .\lr. Gardiner was edi- tor of the London Daily New: from 1902 t0 1919. I-Ie had been ill for five weeks. “A.G.G.” was one of the best known British cditOrs of the present century and his work was widely rc- produced in newspapers in Canada and sthe United States. Author of several standard bio- graphics, Mr. Gardiner‘s publications included Prophets, Pritsls and Kings, Pillarr of Society,‘ War Lords and Certain Poo/tic of Importance.

n: v a i-

This ‘fortunately outdated picture is taken from an article in the Prince Edward Island Magazine of the dying days 0f last century: "Our Provincial Building is, as regards its in- teripr, one of the shabbiest looking places that can be imagined. It is floored with flagstones, of which some are worn nearly through and others broken. It is dusty and sadly in need of paint. The windows let in little light-just cuough to show that occasionally the corridors are used as a storehouse for road tnaclrines and government Paris green. :\ musty political smell pervades nib-coming from‘. the vaults wherein repose the corpses of the Land Office, ‘the. Two-thirds Bill, the Gerrymander, the plans for the Bridge and other decaying curiosities. Uponlthe staircase, in glass covered cabinets,

ltufied (‘win and other native bird: gaze fixed» In . ‘

W

NotesBy The Way

A lreat deal o! foreign Dllllcy now resolver itself into verybodys beinl in favor of something being done and nearly flvqpybqfly‘! beyng l" 1"" °l lllrnebody eiae doing it, __Varrcouver Province,

This column is open fo- tho discussion ' by worm lpondenila of questions o! interest. The Charlottetown Guardian does not aeeosnr fly endorse the opinion of wrreapoudenta.

.1f the world is to b; bomgorg- able and prosperous. industry and m!" must produce to the best of their ability. Production, in the "M! 111513418. is the key to full employmenL-Jadrsonvllle, Flu., Journal.

Man_works from sun to sun hut womens work ls never done. Thus our dear grandmothers spouted in their wisdom, but they hadn't dreamed of the day of the office gal, the bachelo apartment. feminine latchkey, the cafeteria breakfast. and the can opener, _ London Free Press.

Walter Lippman streaks that if the Bis Three can not mutually find Bfllebtnhle limits u» their re- spectlvp military power where this meets in global strategy, th@n._ though there be no war-there wlll hr- no peace either. The world is alreadv experiencing something of a twilight period, which may not actually herald more of darkness. but lt also tends to hldg that dawn, that measure of security, which so many people yearned for ln their daily lives, once the Axis was crushed. -Hamiiton Spectat- or.

Fredericton is going tn have a new five-storey hotel. it will cost upwards of 8750.000, wlll he financ- ed by provincial and civic govern- ments, and will overlook the St. John River, near the Parliament Buildings. Fredericton ls one of the most beautiful communities in all Canada, him-shaded. clean, with fine homes and gardens. It is not only the seat of Government but our chief educational centre. It is rich ln historic interest, it stretches along one of the best reaches of the St. John River, and it is the gateway to a famous hunting and fishing region. -— Saint John Tele- graph-Journal.

The Supreme Court: of British Columbia has reached the sad con- cluslon that the Wartime Prices and Trade Board is not a legal entity. It is argued that the Board con- sists of unincorporated individuals and as such cannot even be sued. The public has undoubtedly sus- pected on many occasions that the Board is composed of unincorpor- ated lndivlduals, some of whom atte probably even utterly ethereal. Nevertheless it wlll be admitted that it would be rather nice if the government should get llig Board within the law instead of holding fast to Stuart antiques. Who knows‘) Some unincorporated irr- dlvldual might even lnlure a citi- zen or two who would like re- dress.—Winnlpeg Tribune.

British shipping firm; are rush- ing from the builders craft ln- tended to bring to their post-war merchant fleet all the latest im- provements in marine architecture. British p hllcations show pictures _nf trim c ft with giassed-in upper decks, their funnels streamlined into superstructure, ths captain's ouarters, chartroom and radio sl ck incorporated in dummy fun- nels, Ranging in disnlacoment from about 5.500 to 10.000 inns, thetrrew shins are designed to rrive corn- fnrt to the traveller and in carry highly ‘perishable- cnrgo. Many of them have four holds forward and two nft, described as an innova- tion in design. They are motor- ships and have electrically driven cargo derrlrks. refrigerating ma- chlnerv and steering gear. They are nrlmarllv intended for the South American trad» and are spoken of in British shinning circles as comprising the “meat fleet." — New York Sun.

Many people are christened In haste to repent at leisure. This may or may not be true of the very young gentle%n who has just, as we read, dra the name of UNO in the great lottery of the font but in one respect at any rate he would seem, in the Holmestan phrase, to break fresh ground in the annals of arental crime. That children shoul in moments of en- thusiasm be named after some joy- ful event ls no new thing, but this is perhaps the flrst'child to ho called by one of those combina- tions of initials thatnhave grown so familiar. Here ls a wide and ap- palling field for conjecture. The mere sound must afford a warning against Boar and the twins Sear: and Boac, in spite of a pleasantly Blhllcul suggestion, appear impro- bable; but there is sure tn be a little Miss UNRRA, who will live to lament that too ecstatic choice. T'he evll that parents do lives after them, but lt is interred at last. -L0ndon Times.

The announcement that holiday cruises between Britain and Swo- den are to be resumed next yenr comes as a ray of light In n dark- ened world. These cruises, it ls true, wlll not be of the free and opulent kind that we used to know They will he limited and restricted hy what Europe has become after six years of war But they mark the beginning of a hotter day. They are at once a reminder of a hun- pler past and a hopeful auaury for a more promising future. Though few people today would like to take up llfe exactly as we ‘mew it in 1939, there ls every reason why we should strive to bring back the amenities nf that time. One of the best of them was the hnblt

of cruising and foreign travel. which-with occasional setbacks arising from econnml slumps -

was growing yearly, The way to get people to know one another ls to allow them to mix together. An lntermlngllna of nationalities on friendly visits would .do more than Conferences or World As- semhlles to lmnmve international relations. — Daily Mall (London).

Hour after hour Benito Musso- llni paraded before his peo 1e, Hour after hour his stalwart r-ghl arm was held high in the Fascist soi- ute. His eople marveiled. Who else but f] uce possessed such son- troi such endurance? ‘the secret of benitds unwavering arm was discovered by a Chicago lieutenant rummaging about the basement of Muuollniu castle at Lake Garcia. "I found an artificial arm,_fush- toned in the Fascist salute," said Lt. William I. Breklrs. "To it arc-re attached heavy straps to be fasten- ed about. the body." In the draw- lng of lots for souvenirs at the castle, Brekke lost the arm. How- o er, he dld acquire r record of the birth of Fascism, ‘La Lamp- ada o" a handsome volume

resented fo unmmn by his ru- . wen, Inscribed by Benito snri signed by 0M of his devotees. The book l: hand-print d' on ozrtakln with band-painter! lttrtrato de- oictlng ll cl u a savior n the

mduii “i” hlcifn I gal-law" um’ In o“ H Q a "' mm canal» 13m '.

complaint. I would like to few words. Two summers being able to find a lavatory m the city. I called at one of our leading hotels. A few years previ- ous I had

noon. and not beinll in the of eating much 1n the city. to g0 home. have been a stranger or a tour-

t. 13ft certainly ls a deplorable allu- atlon that we have not a prove!- ly cared for public lavatory ln our city, as all think one cu might well take up as soon as

originate at; Ottawa which ict-a

CITY CONVENIENCE!

Slrn-Havlna read rural visitor's 5W a B40 not

been in the habit of Quiz to thLs hotel as the manager- .

""3 iss was a relative and. even though 1 dld not take any meals I was always free and welcome to use the lavatory or bath room. This parilttlilaf’ afternoon bwo summers ago I called at the some hotel. Upon entering I saw the ageress in the distance. ing lt seemed rather bold to Io up without speaking to I asked her if she would mind used her me was: said no. go where you eat." she

new man- Think-

her,

lavatory. Her answer to “Do you eat here?" I “Wail, then you better said.

the after- habit I had easily

Being in the middle of

This could

other cities have, and I that our new City Coun-

etc

an iivrshesren cnrzrm.

____________ TOBACCO TAX AND RATIONING

Sir,- What, is our PIOVIIIClBJ Government going to do about the tobacco tax? Surely, to burden the storekeepers who have

some other way to collect or do away with this nuisance tax altogether Then there ls the mtlornins ivo- tern which ls a a to any viv- illzed country. Wei may any far- mer wonder, when there is no strlotion on stock feed, but. he him»- self is told how much should receive. It a case of man parlance

than. the beast. storekeevper- who business receivu ~ The party givl them sh d be equally responslb e wit-h the 0M i9- celving them. _An.vorre can easily posslbrlty of getting the asiorrtally. But,

those cou

vestigators from . .T B. comes along, he is liable b0 be ‘nod for having them in his pos- session. We hear so much. about democracy. and our dearly fought freedom. Well, it would be better to be living among heathen» than to tolerate this son of thins.

No doubt. all those restrictions is the breeding house 0i d £015. NOt many would suggest keeping those restrictions in force needlessly. in order to keep some people employ- ed. 1.1 that were so, it might. turn out. to be an expensive waylp do so. It. almost. looks as if you really can fool all the people all the time. At any rate. the swrekeepe a should never again be a. party to such. a thing.

I am. LR.

Bedeque, P.E.I.

Sir. etc SMITH

THE FOOD CRISIS

sir, Thank you for your thoughtful and constructive edit.- orial references to “The Fbod Crisis", which is today odor/inc outward lnto ever-widening circles, until I suppose it, would be correct to suggest timt it is the central problem before the political and economic leaders t/hroii8hout. the world?