PAC E FUU R

THE GUARDIAN,

CHARLOTTETOWN

SEPTEMBER 9, 19,,

a THE GUAHRDIAN

Depart mrnt , Oi tmvn.

Th0 Islnliil tiuurillnn Puhlltthln] Co. Editor nnil Mlslillgliifl hirer-tor, .i. it. Burnett. An-ovlnto Editor, Frunk “Walker.

"The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than

the Weakest Ink" CHARLOTTETOWVN.

Farm improvement Loans

According to the latest report nearly twice as much was borrowed by Canadian farmers un- _ Improvements Loans Act in the first six months of 1949 as in the similar period of 1948. The semi-annual report of the operations under the Act show total loans to June 30, of $18 million—an increase of 45

der provisions of the Farm

per cent.

The greatest part of the borrowing was to| finance the purchase of farm machinery and, equipment. Over 10,000 tractors were purchased, for which $11 million was borrowed and truck and other agricultural implement purchases were financed through the Act to the extent of $5

millirri.

Farm buildings and repairs accounted for‘ l960,000'of the money borrowed; $309,713 was iised for brushing and clearing over 36,000 acres in new agricultural areas; and $72,000 for the installation of farm electric systems.

For the past four years farmers in the West have used the facilities of the Farm ment Loans Act to a much greater extent than

Morning Duliy (Founded in ititil) Authorized an tier-om] (lune bluli. Punt Office

FRIDAY, SEPT. 9, 1949

lseah

farmers in the east. But the report indicates an‘

interesting swing-aver in this respect. Loans in‘

the first six months of 1949 in

creased 68 per cent; in Quebec, 132 per cent; and in the Maritime Provinces, 99 per while those in the Prairie Provinces only increas-

ed by 31 per cent.

Loans are made to farmers through char- tered banks in Canada and are guaranteed in part by the Government. The Act aims at os- sisting the average farmer and provides credit under terms and conditions which are conven- ient and suitable to his needs and to the part

of the country in which he lives.

Good Riddance

The Vancouver Province is jubilant over the plan to move the fanatic Sons of Freedom Douk- hobors from Canada to Turkey. lt's "the best news we've heard about the Douks since landed," says The Province. The B. C. paper con-

tinues:

"We British Columbians, particularly those who live in the interior, would be more than~ human if we weren't fed up with the Sons Freedom. In exchange for our hospitality and a good living on good Canadian land, these hobors have been singularly ungrateful. They have consistently declined to be absorbed into the Canadian melting pot; they have segregated themselves in their communities and refused the -duties and responsibilities of citizenship. "Were this all, it might be excused. But it has been coupled, on the part of many with utter disregard of our laws. Fine schools and other buildings have been burned. Whole districts have been terrorized; there have been nude par- ades and dynamitings. We have tried to edu- cafe the Doukhobors in our ways. The worst of‘ them we have jailed and at one time we even went to the expense of confining some of them to an island. But the Doukhobors have remained the Doukhobors and show every intention of stay-

ing that way.

"People who so stubbornly resist becoming good Canadians should make room for those who are ready and willing. That is why we hope the Douks really get going on their exodus to Tur-

Y- . . "There is only one thing that gives us a What, ot this moment,

twinge of conscience. have we got against Turkey?"

Churchill Was Stumped

Of the late Senator lan Mackenzie an Ot- tawa exchange remarks: "A huge man with a1 wrestlcr's shoulders, immense hands and mighty voice, the former Veterans’ Affairs Minister nevery lost the thick Scottish brcgue which he brought‘ minishing, and this year's Christmas sales in stores will hold close to both the unit and dollar en~ volume, states Stephen _Q. Shannon, managing {he 5cm from vrmwuvar centre arrived in Lqnnldirector, National Association of Greeting Card ‘ Publishers. The average family sends 75 greet- ings cards per year, approximately 40 of them at Christmas time. Some families send several hundred a year.

to Canada. The story goes

don by plane in the war years to hand him the Torch of Liberty. Mr. Mackenzie waited in the garden of 10 Downing street until Churchill had, concluded a conference. When the British Prime Minister came outside to meet Canada's envoy, he saw an immense kilted figure with l thing that looked like a primitive war-club in its brawny arms. It is said this was one of the few occasions when. Mr. Churchill was at a loss

for the right ward."

_Soviet Mechanlzatlon

How is post-war Soviet industry production the case of an-. answer in detail but clues are being found by sharp-eyed observ- ers from recent photographic Soviet releases. These photographs, says Business Week which publishes several of them in its current issue, very latest in Soviet design- they do suggest that it is

measured by American _ This question - a vital one in other war — is impossible to

may represent the or they may not. But

a mistake to underestimate Russia's

tlon for quality goods. On the whole the equipment

concentrates

‘ I949 Soviet performance.

‘ls no cam, says melamine» Week ' - . atrenien- a lhovaviwau” ' I

that doughty Winston Churchill was dismayed wh

shown is mod- ern. It measures up pretty closely to current U. S. standards. True, Russia has done a lot of pirating of American and other designs; but she an copying high quality machines. What neee of the pictures shows is of th production, which, of course, is the final

Ontario in- i

cent;

they

of

Daub of a rabbit.

programme.

tial freedom.

they

EVEN

SOIIIO-

doing, as standards? ~

apprecia-

the quantify

ranks vary close to Britain; but considering the manpower and materials the Russians have, it's a pretty poor performance. Though Russia has plenty of theoretical scientists, it still lacks on adequate number of engineers and master mech- anics who can set up ideas on an assembly line. But the biggest drawback to real volume is‘ the unbalanced nature of Russian The U. S. idea of diversification, with widespread lsub-contracting, has no Russian parallel. Soviet plants still can't call for, and get, standardized nuts, bolts and small parts as needed. ‘plants must fabricate everything that goes into the finished product, or else face a bewildering series of shortage-caused interruptions.

EDITORIAL NOTES Battle of Flodden 1513.

_Prince County ‘is ‘CORCGHTFOTIIIQ on the agricultural side of their exhibition, leaving the horse racing for Queens.

i i

The Davis Shipbuilding Co. of Lauzon is evi- dently back in favour with the Federal Govern- ment as an ice-ship-builder. It built the Char- lottetown for us, but was passed over when her successor the Abegweit was required.

I U U In the coming by-elections, Oct. 24, only one Conservative seat is at stake, namely To- ronto Greenwood, where Mr. J. E. McMillan, the lmprove- newly elected member died before taking his

An increase of 21 in the total enrollment'of city schools is insignificant but now is the time ito make preparations for the greater increase to be expected with the growing up of the Posy. war generation.

To this Maritime Province the discovery of scallop beds in our waters is quite as Import. ant as’ the finding of oil to more inland regions, more important in fact, because our own people can exploit them without outside assistance.

Sir Humphrey Gilbert, English half-brother of Sir Walter Raleigh born date 1539. He went with Sir Walter on a fruit. less voyage of discovery in 1578, and five years later took possession of Newfoundland for English. He was drowned on his way home {mm this expedition.

A sensation was caused in Baltimore recent- ly by a report that an animal had been caught '|ll‘l a trap half rabbit-half cat. iproved it was merely a Manx cut, Manx are rare, but are not freaks. A Manx has the fea- tures of a cat but its rear legs resemble those

According to Finance Minister Abbott, econ- omic unity with both the U. S. A. Britain is the policy adopted by the St. Laurent Government. That necessarily includes a meas- ure of reciprocity, and it is to be hoped that the agricultural and fishery products of province and the Maritimes generally will have their markets fully secured.

"Now we have realised that we can can- trol our environment, I think that human life has been radically altered, and neither social chaos nor tyranny have, so far as I am aware, ever succeeded for very long in suppressing an intellectual change of this kind," declared Dr. Alex Comfort, a young English scientist who is also well-known as a novelist, talking in a BBC

A contemporary notes that before World War I women had no political rights, except in Finland, Norway and New Zealand. Now, ac- cording to a U. N. commission report, in fifty countries women have full political freedom and in a number of others they have achieved par-

their struggle for equality between the sexes but have a long way to go in exploiting that new found freedom.

The number of families who send out no greeting cards of any description 'is steadily di-

Athens lost month presented to Edinburgh, l the Athens of the North, a gift of special signifi- cance. Soil from the Acropolis enclosed in a Greek urn more than 2,000 years old was form- ally hand-ed to the Lord Provost of Edinburgh by a Maid of Athens, the daughter of the City's mayor Mr. Skouzes. The ceremony took place before an assembly of 15,000 people in the forecourt of the Palace of Holyrood House on the occasion of the opening of the third Inter- national Festival af Music and Drama. Accom- panying the urn is o scroll written in Greek and English. It explains that this symbolic gift is from the people of Athens to those of the Athens of the North.

Working on the vital problem of how to deal with the insects which attack stored food- stuffs, the Pest Infestation Laboratory of Int- » ain's Deportme _ _ search, has evolved a new method of estimating -the infestation of a given sample

Known as the "Carbon dioxide method, sists of bottling a sample of grain and incubat- ing it for a short psriod, generally 24 hours, af- ter which the carban dioxide contents of the air between the grains is measured. The grain itself produces a negligible» amount of carbon dioxide in such a time, but the insects produce aineasurablo quantity. Broadly speaking, concentration of carbon dioxide found is pro- portional to the‘ number of insects present in- side the grain.

industry itself.

Many

I I I

t in n

navigator, this

the

Q I I

Investigation

i I I

and Great

this

e n w

i I I

Women have gained rapidly in

a a

a w

a I a

nt of Scientific and Industrial Re-

of groin. l! '

If C011-

the

7M4;

THE RUNNER!

I was the third man running in s. race.

Ana memory still must run it o'er and o'er:

The pounding heart. that beet against my frame;

The wind that dried the sweat. upon

my face And turned my throat to paper creased and sore; The jabbing pain that sharply went and came.

My eyes saw nothing save s. strip

of road

That flaunted there behind the sec- ond man;

It swam and blurred. yet still 1t lay before.

My legs seemed none of mine. but rhythmic strode

Unconscious of my will that. urged. ‘You can!"

And cried at them to make one ef- fort more.

Then suddenly there broke a wave of sound.—

Crowds shouting when the first man struck Lhe tape;

And then the second roused that friendly din;

While I--l stumbled forward end the ground

All wavered ‘neath my feet. while men aga-pe.

But. silent, saw me as I staggered

As stair in heart and flesh I bent my head.

Two seized me and embraced me. and one cried,

“Your thuddlng footsteps held me to the gruad."

And then the winner. smiling wan- ly, said.

"No dream of records kept me to the stride-—-

I dreaded you two thundering be-

hind!" ~

-Bumes Johnson.

Charlottetown (And r. x u

Old

FREE VACCINATION!

Free health services are not al- together an innovation of the pre- sent age, as is indicated by the fal- lowlng announcement in the Prince Edward Island Register of Dec. 20,

15123: “Cow-Pox Inoculation. “Persons in indigent circum-

stances are informed, that by mak- ing appllcatlon to Dr. De St. Croix, at his House, in Charlotte-Town. on any day that. may suit their convenience, between the hours of 10 and 3 o'clock, they and their families may be vaccinated free of expense.

"The Church-wardens will have the goodness to make this offer known to such of the Parish poor, as are now immediately under their care and superlntendence, "N. B. Medical practitioners and gentlemen in the country, may be supplied with matter by apply- ing to Dr. De St. Crolx."

Islam 8. Communism

(Arnold J. Toynbee in Interna- tional Affairs) The shock caused by Commun- ism ls not, o! course. something entirely unprecedented in the history of Christendom. You have to ‘go back rather is long way, but. lf you do go back to the sud- den emergence of Islam and the seizure of greet provinces of the early Christian world by the pri- mitive Muslim conquerors, and l! you recall the general challenge of Islam, not. only to Chi-lstendomls possession of certain territories but to the whole Christian belief and way of life. you do get back to something comparable to the shook which Communism has giv- en to the Western world since 1917. . There are, I think, closer like- nesses than that, because Islam might be described as a heretical VBFSIOD of Christianity, s. version which seized upon- certain elements of Christianity, took them out. of their context, exaggerated them. and made something out of them which was a criticism of Chris- tianity as it. was practised at, the time. Now Communism is rather like that: certain social precepts of Christianity have been taken from their context, exaggerated and turned into a potent. criticism of the Christian world In our time. In one sense. I suppose, Com- munism ls more formidable as is missionary religion titan Islam. The Muslim mission -y never had much success in still unconquered Chris- tian countries. Islam gradually converted the Christians who were conquered by the Muslims, and, in the Ottoman Empire dawn to the seventeenth century of our ere, Christians went an being convert- ed to Islam-Western Christian de- aerters or prisoners, and subject Eastern Christians who had been conscripted in childhood ms public slaves and had been brought. up by the Turks. I think that. what most hos-rifles people in the West. in facing Corn- munllm today Ia that. this le a missionary religion which, unlike Islam, has "cells" in our own world. if you could imagine, in medieval and early modern lhlrope there being centres of Muslim pro- paganda in France, in England, tn Christian Spain, and so on. that would be more cam ‘iii: to the present fear that. we have of the

- Why Ilot Try on ibis Bait‘! -

Literary Study In Schools

(E. K. Brown in the Winnipeg Free Press.)

As schools reopen I have.been thinking of the meagre results of the literary study that. goes on in them. Year after year a boy or girl is required to read books or parts of books that mast pea- ple think valuable and interest- ing. and that some of us think as valuable and interesting as any- thing on earth.

The teaching is done by pea- ple who have studied these works, or works sufficiently like them. under the best instructors, and have also studied how lo leach.

But does the boy or girl at the

end of his years of schooling go on reading books like those he read in class’!

The answer is to be found in the absence of bookstores in all but the largest cities, and in the selection of books in the few ‘stores that contrive to keep gu- mg. . .f l-lopeful people say that at. least the schools encourage the "real- lng habit." No doubt they do. The reading habit is so widespread that. it can be regarded as a trait. of our civilization. But I do riot see that the fact a person reads is a result that anyone can crow over. Matthew Arnold was quite

contact with schools and children —when he said that perhaps no time was more completely a waste than that given to aimless hur- ried reading.

One of our mistakes is in not. understanding that literature ls an art. An understanding of a work of art can be imparted only by some one who feels it.

No one should be permitted to teach literature unless he has

an art. Na one else can make the teaching of a book an experience. Older readers will ‘recall editions of Shakespeare intended not. for research scholars but for school- children in which the notes fill- ed more pages than the text, and the notes were not primarily aids to understanding the art of Shake- speare, but learned divagations on words, sources. historical allu- sinns. O O O

Those editions were prepared by people who did not have much understanding of Shakespeare's art. They were chosen by admin- istrators who had even less. They were taught by instructors who \vere better than the administra- tors, no doubt, and perhaps no worse than the editors. but. riot.- good enough for their job.

No wonder the boy or girl ex- llOSCd to that sort of approach ta Shakespeare was turned against tho "late Swan" for the rest of his life, or most of it.

Recently there has been n turn towards books that are more likely to appeal to the student. But. this ls no certain gain. Often

FALL smokes

Queen 8t.

right-and he spake from years of I

FROM OUR MADE-TO-MEASURE FIRMS ORDER YOUR SUIT, TOPCOAT or OVERCOAT NOW AND ENSURE EARLY DELIVERY

J. P. MaePlseraon 6r San

the books selected are not in any real sense works of art. They are not literature, but merely ephemeral printed matter.

What I should recommend is that we appreciate that this is en unpoetlc age. The greatest writ- ers of our century are not poets, bill. novelists, dramatists, l.~l~ agraphers, historians.

This is not an accident: and in choosing books. or parts of books for study in school we should re- duce the proportion of poetry. and make sure that among the works of prose there are some of the very best things in the lasi- guage. ancient and modern.

These great works of prose are no less artistic than our greatest poetry, although anyone who is devoted to literature will probab- l_v draw most pleasure and in- sight from the poets. But a school course that finds its centre in the great novels. prose plays, biographies and histories. some at them the work of men still living. is more likely to persuade a boy or girl to go on reading af- ter he is on his own.

Who knows? Perhaps we might have a book series of our awn, and it might be profitable. The schools have the key to the proh- lcm. But who has the key to the schools?

AIRMAIL SPEEDED U?

COLOMBO. -Ccylon — (Reuters) _ Airmail letters will arrive in Ceylon 48 hours after leaving ‘London under a new agreement concluded between the British Post. Office and Air intematlonal, Lbd.

l SANDALS FOR POLICEMEN

, PORT MORESBY _ (Reuters)- The New Guinea government has ordered 3,000 pairs of sandals in

shown his understanding of it as) 1t; second atyempg to persuade m-

tlve police to stop patrolling their yboats barefoated. Once before shoes were issued but. they were soon thrown away.

G. F. Hui-chosen 8r Son

OPTOMETBISTB ‘Bpecialllte in the fitting of pluses for the correction of