is .V
-and labour have begun to see the
to the dispute-and indeed the K-' whole economic ltnicture-suffer
.,
' IDQI. &lIl. m Cu-nu sun )1 up car
I "Tho .- . Inenllry is incur than . the weakest Ink." Tlm)AY. sun. as. ”
PAGE I
. After The Conference
: ho one can say wnat, it anything, will come out of the recent Mari- tinics-Ixew hlugland Conference at
1;” Hiii-lior. It will take some time
used to be considered a sign 11' strength. In a v9I')' P931 Sense 1'" dustry and labour are no longer separate institutions but co-ordinat- ing parts of a broad economic pat- tern in is hich the interests of each depend on the stability of the whole. it is satisfying to note that this simple truth is being given an ever increasing measure of recognition.
Hope For Poland?
Whats iiappening in Boiaitd? Is it true, as has been suggested, that that t.t,um,-)- is gardualiy throwing off the gm-it-t yoke? it is too soon to say, but one little incident that was it the other day would almost
reporte indicate that the Government of Poland is not as obedient to the
for the various viewpoints to find I coinnmu ground for action in any spec-it'ic -lire-t-tiott. About the only thing that can he said at the moment is that tlu-iv st-t-uts to have been an agict-tttrllt on the necessity for stich I-tsgiimal no-npeiuttolt in matters of pmiioiiiic cxiuuision as might be tmiiiii tumililt-, hiking ilito consid- eratton common interests on the one hand and the several divergences on thg other. It would be unrealistic to expect any sort of economic. union to develop from the conversations. As Governor Muskie pointed out, in many aspects of trade the Maritimes and New England are competitive. Not only that; it has to be realized, too, that the various Provinces-and States-are competitive with one an- other. Nothing that a two day con- ference or continuing committees may decide is going to change that situation one iota. The most that can be done is to cultivate and expand the opportunities that already exist for co-operative action and to seek new ones in the light of knowledge and research that might be expected in enuse from periodic consultations. i Some speakers at the conference expressed the hope that any de- velopment that is set on foot will be kept out of "politics." This may as well be forgotten first as last. So long as governments are involved in any situation. politics will be in- volved too. And why not? What harm does it do? It is thc business of governments to co-ordinate its , policy in any particular matter with legitimate business methods that af- fect the public welfare, just as it is the bulineu of economic councils to work in conjunction with govern- ment officials in so far as this is considered to be mutually helpful and of public benefit. That is politics. Then is no escape from it.
As for partisan politics. that too it unavoidable. though in theory perhaps it might be a dispensable factor. The political leader has not been born who would not try his best to take politcal advantage of economic progress. in the develop- ment of which he believes he had 3 part.
Cheerful News
A cheerful word has come from David McD0nt-ild, head of the United States Steel Workers ljnion. lie says that another serious strike in the steel industry is unlikely to occur in the foreseeable ftiture and there is good reason to believe thcre may never be another one. If this optim- ism is shared by other labour lead- erseand there is some evidence that it is-it marks a new chapter in industrial relations and a develop- ment which may be consitlcrcd as important in its social effects as the emergence of organized labour as an economic force at about the ttim of the century--although of course there were trade unions long before then. lt means that both industry
futility and waste of prolonged work stoppages. Futility, because in al- most every instance the same, or bitter. results could be achieved by hiendly and co-operative discussion & grievances: waste. because in al- most every strike these days. both
been which are not easily retrieved. r The fright" to strike. for which hliour fwjht for many years. is luv?-ncqmlud everywhere, at least . f and it will never
Soviet will as it once was. On the other hand, of course. it may be nothing more than a P3-islng f9-nC.Y-
whi-ii Pi-rniicr Bulganin of Rus- sia was on his llilllsh i0l.ll" some weeks ago. the llolisli press paid him very little attention, so little indeed that when the great man returned to Moscow he had some unkind things to my about Polish news- papers. His chief complaint seemed to be that one paper had expressed the opinion that "what Marx wrote a hundred years ago is not neces- sarily tnie today." When all this came to the ears of Govcrnnient leaders, the Vice Premier had this to say: "To criticize the press for concrete blunders is, of course, cor- rect. But we want the press to be bold and to criticize courageously. We must reconcile ourselves to the fact that the press may blunder sometimes (ah yes!) but these bltind- era are only drops in a tremendous wave of useful- press criticism. We must bear in mind that not every- thing written is the voice of the Party and the Government."
It would be difficult to interpret the freedom of the press in more suitable words. If that is, indeed, the policy of the Government of Poland, there may yet be hope for the country's emergence as a free com- munity. The fact that there was no
Dr: A leak-12;: rap; pwqcie Era-x1.'.”,. 1, 310' Irleeiiag 27i9taarab'aer- , taryfztre bfegreatat loirgaw mv peace.
g i . 4.; V R0511 : ,
THE MORE we GET TOGETHER --
such talk as this by any Government official before this summer's Poznan riots may be of special significance. It is possible that these rolls taught the rulers a much needed lesson in Polish-Soviet relations.
EDITORIAL NOTES
it uas been a. long time since the l French people last changed govern- mo.-nts. t'ernaps they have so many i outside problems to worry about that they have no time or energy l for their once favourite pastime. But, whatever the cause, Premier lilollet seems to have established a post-war record for political stabil- ity. For several years premiers came and went with such frequency that
it was hard to keep track of them. Q C .
A professor from an American university told the Bar Harbor Con- ference that he does not think the St. Lawrence Seaway will have much adverse effect on the .'i1aritime.s. That remains to be seen. What is perfectly clear is that the pl'(ljCL'l will be of no direct advantage to this region. it is an upper Canada proposition through and through, al- though its huge cost will have to be shared by all (Ianadians.
O O I
It is said that one objection ship owners have to sending their ships around the (lape of Good Hope iti- stead of through the Suez is the extra cost the longer journey uotllrl entail. A Japanese skipper uho ar- rived in Montreal the other day after making the trip around the Cape did not agree with this view. He reported that. although the trip took two days longer, it actually cost 32.000 less than the tolls he would have had to pay in the Suez. Besides, it was a lot less trouble.
0 O O
Commenting on the disgraceful disorders in the Southern United States over the Supreme Court's public school-integration ruling, a South African newspaper editorial- izes thusly: "America is paying It heavy price for integration and the end 3 not yet in sight. These facts are fncntioned in order to bring to their senses those forward moving people who wish to enforce integra- tloli on South Africa with alfcpeed. How can the Whites In South Amen
Whit! when the whites lnlAmerlca
Status of Suez Company
linited Kingdom information Office
in iliti-l'li.itIuii;il ltiiiicr. Lord .'llt'Xall'. President of the inter- national (lourt of Justice from 19.32 to 1955. raises iiiicstions on
the status ol the Suez i'anal Com-
pany in I letter to The Times. London on Si-plcliihcr it). uhlcll contrntcrl the too readily taken assumption that the company is - wholly or even primarily an lt'.LZ)'i)lliill companv.
Lord .'ilcNatr is an acknowl- edged authority on international
law with a lIllll.'. career of service in universities and law institutes in Britain, India and The Hague He has been President of the So- ciety of Public Teachers of in-iw. and of the institute de Droit in- ternational. lie was judge of the International Court at The Hague from 1946 to I935 and its Presi
dent for the three last years of .
his office Nut Egyptian
Drawing attention to asp('('l.N of the Suez i'anal (ll.stlIllF uhich he says do not seem to have re- ceived adequate attention, he virus: "in particular, there has been a tendency to assume that the Suez (iannl Company is an Egyptian company or primarily an Egyptiiin company ” lie goes on to cite a number of tlocuinents on this mallcr.
The first point he makes is ”ln 1873 a contmission called the com- tiiission on liilcrnationzil Tonnage and the Sum Canal llut-s lIl('l on the invitation of the Turkish Gov- ernment in Constantinople and made ll rcpt-rt Altiii-in-it to that report is the folloumtt declara- tion nintle hv a (iclcgatr of Tur- kcy. liaxing been tlii-ri-to author- l'li'fl bv his ilovi-rnmi-nt
”..Tlmt no niiititftcnlitiii for the future of the contiiltuns for the pzisstige througli the Canal shall lw permitted ulicllicr 'n f('i18Tfl to the naiiu.-ilion toll or the dues for townuc mirliorallc. pilot:IL'i'. cic . excl-pt unit the con- sent of the Subliiuc l'uric. which will not take any (lot-i-ion on this guhjpi-i itlllltllll priwit-its-iv coni-
ing to an iindi-r.sl;iiulmu with the i
p lnfljllll Poucrs uticrcstcd there-
ifnlitl ili'.V.'viir points out ”Tluwt' , l Rllalnll the danger of mer-sim-
Powers appear llu-u to have been (it-rniany. Aiistrin-lliintuiry, llcl glum Spain. li'r:inrc. (il'('.'-ll lint- ain. (iicctc. llalx llolland. litrs sin Suction. fxnrvi.'iy and Tur-
key."
The second point made by Lord )lrNair is that the conven tmn lot 1888i between Great Britain. Gerrnany. Austria-Hum nary. Spain. France. Italy. the Netherlands. Russia and Turkey
rel-zpecting the free navigation of the Suez Canal contains provi- sums which negative the purely domestic character of the com- pany and ties it up with this convention. Thus the preamble of the convention. after reciting the names nf the parttes.con- tinues:
''..wishing to establish by I conventional act I definite sys- lcm destined to guarantee at all times and for all Power: the free use of the Suez Maritime Canal and thus complete the system un- der which the navigation of this canal has been placed by the firnian of His Imperial Majesty the Sultan, dated 22nd February. llifiti. and sanctioning the concen- sions of His llighucss, the Khe (five. have named as their plent- potentaries..."
Complex Question
"Thereby (writes Lord McNalrl linking the company with the 'definite system' created by this convention. and I submit making it clear that the agreement of Feb- riiary 22. I866. between the Km- dive and the company. is an in- tegral part of that 'd(-finite systeinf tin fact the actual date of the Firman is March 9. lRfl6l."
The third point noted by Lord NlrNair is: ”The statutes of the company and the other instru- menls contain I number of pro- HSIOIIS-I00 long to quote here
bearing upon its peculiar sta- ms; for instance, fixing its Siege Sociale at Alexandria and its aid- ministrative domicile in Paris, stipulating that. as a Sorictc Anonyme it shall be governed by French company law in all ma!- tr-rs affecting its constiliilion and the mutual relationships of its members with a right of appeal from arbitrator: in the Court of Appeal in Paris, etc."
Lord lilt-Nair concludes "Pcr- haps l have said enough to warn
pllfication of the question of the slatua of the compnnv and its relation to the Suez ('anal Con- vention of IBM."
Canadian Battles In Italy
Ottawa Journal
ilniur Gem-r:il lluriis is for too nu-upicrl with his valuable unrk as a IV lflltfl supervisor lll Pal- cslmc in put duun his account of what liappcncrl ill the llnhan cam palgn l2 years ago But we trust that when hr- hc will use his prnven gifts as I
writrr to give his side of A story i which Is by no means clarified by -
"The Canadians in liiily". an im-
pacing account of the campaign l
issued today as the sl-contl volume of the official llNl0I"Y of the Can- adian Army in World war if. Colonel Nl('ll0lSOlI. the able u thor of this volume gives what. might be called the ”official'' ex-
planatlon of why General Burns "r T linqulslied” his command of the l
Canadian Corps after notable Oc- hievemenls. it is that where did not exist between General Burns and the British senior officers that personal rclallolshlp of friendly mutual iinrlcrstlndinlt which is so important” There was also the suggestion that the lack of confi- dence expressed by the command- or of the nth Army after fighting in the l.iri Valley had become known to Guido! Burns' subordin- ates.
The combination of uuumIlanc- on. writes Colonel Nicholnol. made R Imposllblo for General Bllflls M ciirry on as. .
no that h it many. there was nether factor lumwvi to Ottawa and. more Isentiy, In men In the
field in RC1. General Iimis. ll Ma win lndlcnul that even curler so
film perhapg at cm:
has more leisure . l falzc nf lnfauirymcn at the front
have been in the flL'llllIllZ line were being employed in administrative duties at headquarters. were he said. ”loo many men do- voted in lfrills' in the Canadian Army "
The use of ninnpoui-r. the shor-
antl the question of compulsory we-i-vii-cs overseas were political dynamite in Ottawa in 1944 and the views of the outspoken Cana- rii.-an commander in Italy. with his record of success in many battles. uould not be welcome to Prime Minister Macltrmle King and oth-
l crs in power who hoped sufficient
volunteers would be found to fill the need.
The obvious question arises. in these circiimslnces. whether the Canadian Government save Gen- eral Burns the allout support he required in maintaining the Can- adian Corps at full strength and efficiently and. further. whether I stood behind him in the necessar- lly complicated relationships with the senior Allied officers who. t& but makes clear. were not has on I Caiisdlu Corps lieIdqIl1- en in Italy.
Valuable II lhln official hldof! must be coastal. the nary of the will not be com-
like cobwebl.--for that If trifling or powerless thing fell in- to them. they held it fast: if It were something wclglitier. It broke through them and was off.
There ,
MAXIMS
Solon used to say that laws were any
while
Z 2'” Gran
IN THE NIGHT SEASON
Sleep at last has tied these eyes. Nor do I regret this flight, More all-rt my spirits rise. And my heart is free and light
Nature silent all around,
Not a single witness near;
God as soon as sought is found; And the flame of Love burns clear. . ,
Rush the viorlii. that I may wake To the taste of pure delights; Oh! the pleasures I partake - God. the partner of my nights!
-William Cowper (1751-1300-
APPROVE TOPTER ll-ZRVICIZ OTTAWA iCPl-The air trans- port bnard has approved an ap- plication by the Hydro - Electric Power Commission of Ontario to operate a commercial helicopter service. chieny in connection with St. Lawrence seaway develop- meni. emergencies and fire pro- tection services for the forests de- partment. The board's decision was announced Wednesday.
PRIORITY T0 BRITONS
CANBERRA tRl'lll9l'!l -- The Australian government is still giv- Ina grants. and more Britons came to Australia than to Canada. South Africa and New Zcaland combined Immigration Minister Harold Holt -aid Wednesday in the House of llcpresr-nlatives.
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i'Medically Speaking
I: llumu N. ludeael. M. D-
WHAT DOES "CASTlLE” MEAN ON SOAP LABEL?
You cant always judge a aoap'
by its label.
Castiie soap used to be, as you probably know. the aristocrat of soap. The term "L-asule” once meant that the fat content of a soap was 100 per cent olive oil.
Castile soap had. at that time. a much higher standard of qual- ity than other more crudely made bars. which were harsh and irri- tated the skin. But today. the American Medical Association say casfile may mean just about any bland white soap.
RECENT REPORT
Mrs. Veronica L. Conley. secre- tary of the A Ni A.'s committee on cosmetit-s.'reported in an A.M.A. publication
"Al the present time. there are no staiidtirtis for the composition of castlle soap. the int-thoti by which it is matte or the color or any other clirarlerisiic of the finished product "
Olne Oil t-asiilc soap originally served a useful and important pur- pose liout-it-r. Mrs. Conley says. uiih the ticxclopuieut of improv- ed sltzltl-lllalillltl processes. its use- fulness has been lost and its name ”tiislortetl.”
Ca-tllc soap was developed in the Illth t-cutury in the Spanish pl'lIilllll' of Castile, ulii-rc the sup- ply of nine oil was pli-utifu. For seicrzil icnturics, the ricniaiid for soap um low and caslile soap was used as trequently fur cosmetics and suites as for washing.
Aflvr will! could he made more econonut-all)' and miltlcr and in larger quantities, nitiniilacturers began selling soap uhich contain- ed little or no olive oil under the name rastile.
A lengthy legal battle followed. but. as Mrs. Conley reports, "The term castile on a soap wrapper bcr-ime almost meaningless.”
However, many manufacturers now add a note to the wrapper it olive oil ll used in making the
soap. QUESTION AND ANSWER
W.D.: What causes fever blis- (era to appear?
Answer: Fever blisters are caused by a germ too small to be seen with the ordinary micro- scope. Often fever blisters occur following infection or injury.
OUR YESTERDAY) from The Guardian Files
TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO (Fnpk-mber 20. 1931)
At a meeting of the C()lin('ll of the ('harlottctnwn Board of Trzidc on Saturday morning, a wire from Mr. W. U. Appleton was read and the matter of the proposed cut in railway services to be effective in Prince Edward Island on Scptcni- bcr 17th was disciisscti.
TEN YEARS M30
(September 20. I946) llis lixccllcncy Field llltiisliall the Viscount of Tunis. (' H.. C S.l.. D S 0 . M C . Governor General of Canada and Lady Alex-nnrlt-r are scht-(iiilcd to arrive in the City tm morrow evciung on their first of-
fictal visit to the Province Prince Edward island's new car ferry ”Abc-await" will nip into the water at Sorcl, Qur-boct lat; tomorrow, with no launching com. Transport Minister Chev-
Tui ISL
NOTES BY THE WAY
one difference between the alt time picnic and the modern ver- stun is that in the old days it was not a major disaster it you forgot the can opener.-Edmonton Jour- nal , 1
Everyone has mare leisure time now with shorter work weeks. So there does not seem any valid rea- son for saving time. And at 50. m.pli except in the most dire em- efkencies, any driver can get where he is going in good time with a minimum of risk. Why so much speeding? - Trenton (Ont.) Courier-Advocate
More than 35,000 people are ea. gaged in hospital work in Ontar- io. On the average, a public gen- eral hospital will employ from one- and-a-half times to twice the num- ber of people that it has beds. This means that a 50-bed hospital may have between 75 and 90 employ- ees - a l00-bed hospital approxi. mately 175. and a 200-bed hospital will give work to as many as 375. -Blue Print
If there are any who still think that our income taxes are compli- cated. let them talk to some for. elgn resident of Japan. That per. son must fill in a form that runs to eight pages and includes such mental exercises as the follow- ing sample. culled by the British publication Taxation: "Take the appraised value of your house. mu). tiply ll hv the total floor space. multiply the result by the number of days during I955 in which you were a resident taxpayer, divide the answer by 365. multiply that by lotl. and divide the answer by 100.”-Financial Post
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A scientist says Nffll .. IN! the happiest crea:ii:es”o; 9”u'- POFMPI because they ca. 3! "II! from most of their truu. bles.-Kitchener-Waterloo Record
30' MOI! years has it bee. since the vehicles used in those will box derbies were actually made out of soapboxes?-HamiL to II Spectator
A financial expert has warned municipalities to go easy oi. 50-. rowing. but he does not suggest my other way of getting schools built.-Oshawa Times-Gazette
H-any Valley is a ntellte town which owes its existence to the big Ilrportiat Goose Bay. The name, in the bflinnins. had an ironic flavor. But Happy Valley is rapid- ly becoming a progressive as well -as a thriving community and the importance of Goose airport seems to underwrite its future. -St. John's News
The elegant and attractive quar- ters that have been provided in Vancouver's Stanley Park for the penguins, the otters. the Wolver- ines, the fish and all the other park inhabitants emphasize the smali and unhappy cages in Whlt'll the bears still languish. At the time the bears were the prime al- tractlons in the park. Now they are the forgotten animals.-Vain couver Province
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