FI-IE GUARDIAN.

PAGE FOUR ___ IIUIIURIAI. NUIIIS ,,,,,,.,,, ma, (Founded La iaim Christmas next Statutory holiday. Punt, Office * " ". “

Authorized uii rsecuml (Jun flail. uepai-tuiout, Ottawa‘, y

Tu- laluuil lnllllfllluh aubllahlnl w- t

Earm- sud Aiunugiuz ulterior. J-v lt- “"9" -

Atniuoluta Editor. Frank "lit"-

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"The StrongesLMemory is Weaker Tho

the Weakest ink." g CHARLOTTEIOWN, MWRDAY- N0" 13* w“

Mr. King's Retirement _ . - h' Prime Minister King has aililnotuiyced ‘fr: c: long-anticipated retirement wi a 9 esi _. Monday, when he will formally tenderh_ is r eg . ' cc - nation to the Governor General and IS 5" sor Rt. Hon. Louis St. Laurent. ‘fill “he Ne" Thiis terminates a public career in many‘ "Hi/i unprecedented in British Plllllflmenlurl jlsloly" 5mm his appointment as DBPMY Mmmer ° Labor in i900, Mr. King has betlan talmos: stantly iii the public We; Ell‘ 5e PF m“ “L, | to the late Sir Wilfrid Laurier as Iberl leedcslliri in l9l9 and his election in i9Zl 05 Till“? " " ked iii _ iilildlrllibliile liiloulitical cdreer. His uncanny shill i" . ' ' ' h ‘gnging the trend of public ofprnioiyy‘ Clvflidin th; lortuitous opportunities which file ll’- pathway - even in defeat in i939 on the hevfi of the worst depression in world history, w n: paved yhe wgy to his return to office five years iatcr ~ contributed in large meuiure to his success. 4 _ Perhaps the secret of ‘hi5 long Cofllliilifllice in office was the fact that he never sought to mould public opinion, or to give a lead in any

crisis, but tafoiiow, and finally act. Ari illigs- tration of this was ‘the contrast betwee: l; Robert Borden as Prime Minister in l9l , an

Mr. King in i939. On Britain's declaration of war in August, i9i4, Borden immediately declarl ed that Canada would stand unreservediy beside Britain. He then called Parliament and asked that the stand of his Government be ratified. Had Parliament refused, the Government would have been out. in i939, under precisely the same circumstances, Mr. King gave no hint of Where he and his Government stood; he simply called Parliament, and ten days passed before the Gov- ernment's policy was known. in the meantime the public had given voice to its determination to back Britain, and Mr. King then exercised his leadership with no danger of a parliamen- tary upset.

in private life Mr. King is an exemplary citizen, and despite the glare of publicity in which he has lived, has retained the old-fash- ioned virtues of modesty, simplicity, and courtesy which are the hallmarks of a cultured gentle- nian. As he passes from the stage on which he ‘has played a steiiar part for so many years, he will take with him many treasured memories and also the best wishes of all our citizens for his restoration to full health and strength, and fcr long arid serene enjoyment of his WGll-Eflflififl leisure,

Government By Directives

0n Qctgbgi‘ 20th. the Ministers of Finance and National Revenue issued o l°"ll 5_l°l°_"‘e"l announcing the cancellation of a directive issued by the Taxation Division on September 9 which cancelled a prior directive of October l, i947. which itself cancelled a then existing depart- mental ruling to the effect that the rental value’ of a manse occupied rent-free by an Ordiiiiriefl clergyman should be included in the computa- tion of his income for taxation purposes.

This sequence of cancellations of adrriiiiis- trativc rulings, coiiiineirts the Canadian Clrar- tered Accountant, is not arr edifying picture. "ihe situation as described has developed, and developed inevitably because of the lack of ade- quate piovision in the income tax law for re- course lo ilir. Courts for construction of its pro- HSiOHS. Until the amendment of i946 establish- ing an inexpensive mode of appeal to a Tax Appeal Board (still un-appointed), the eXDeHSe und delays incident to on appeal from an in- come tax assessment were so burdensome as to confine appeals to issues involving large sums of money. The vast majority of taxpayers had their recourse only to the officers of the Na- lional Revenue Department, the self-some per- sons who assessed the tax. in effect this is a violation of the most fundamental principle of justice, namely, that a party to a dispute can- not be judge in his own cause,

In this matter of the chargeability to tax of a ciergymafs rent-free manse, the legal is- sues involved would seem to be simple enough. There are decisions by the English Court of Ap- peal which have held that the occupation of a rent-free manse by a clergyman as an obligation imposed on him by the terms of his appoint- ment is riot an emolument of office but o con- dition of his employment. The Canadian Act does not seem lo be essentially different from the British Act on this matter. However that may be, surely this is the very type of question which the Courts aro established to pass upon; and under the Canadian law such has been the limitation upon recourse to the Courts that wir are faced now with the not pretty spectacle of a series of administrative pronouncements each cancelling the one before.

With the establishment of a new Tax Court, to which access will be both easy and inexpen- sive, the rule of law in tax matters should soon ba re-astablished on the high pedestal which is its proper seat in this country. There need tlfen be no special directives dealing with such mat- ters as the assessobility of clergymen's rent- fraa manses or with the expenses of members of the medical and dental professions in or- tanding any one of certain specified Conven- tions. Under tha format system of minimum re- course to the Courts tho Department has willy- niliy had to express its view on a thousand and one aspects of tha statue which it is required to ariforoo. Thad it should arr this way or that is inevitable ‘undar tho circumstances, and the aoorilr that situation is terminated the better for avaryona concerned.

beginning of a trulY "f

Tomorrow 25th. Sunday after Trinity, Z6. af- ter Pentecost.

a a a _ _ _ Are we drifting towards totalitarianism, be- ginning with the medical service?

a a _

Boy Scout Apple ‘Day -an opportunity to do a Good Turn for our boys. i‘ i! i‘ I

With one civil servant to every 47D of our population Prince Edward island has the lowest ratio of public employees of any Province in Canada. Perhaps we are not so over governed as we sometimesyrthink.

Ontario is trying to develop its own certi- fied seed potato industry. That Province is again paying half the freight on shipments from Northern Ontario for use by southern growers. To meet that competition our island seed really has to be good--and boosted.

The Quebec lbgisllatiire ‘is to convene on Jan. i9, i949. Our own House could well follow the example. Present sittings are timed for the old financial year. Since accounts have been based on a year ending triorch 3ist. reports are at least a year old before they can be consider- ed by our legislators.

it is UHIOHUIIKZNIE thaf Professor August Pic- card has been forced to abandon his attempt to make a 2 i~2 mile deep sea dive. The Belg- ion-French expedition had planned to investigate life on the ocean bed off the Cape Verde islands. Readers of National Geographic will remember some of the Professor's pre-war deep sea dives. .. .. n a The Hon. Tom Williams, British Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries now visiting this country and the United States, points out that the value of agricultural products in Great Britain is still higher than that of all Canada and it is hoped to increase it a further fifty per cent. The figures are anything but discourag- ing far Canadians as they indicate the enormous development that is still possible here. W * X I Robert Louis Stevenson, known as "R.L.S.", British novelist and poet born this date I850. As a novelist he combined finished style with powerful imagination and remarkable narrative faculty; as a poet and essayist he displayed unique originality of thought and charm of style. His most read novels are Treasure Island, Kid- napped, Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde; his essays Mcri and Books, Virginibus Puerisque; his poems, A Child's Garden of Verse‘ "Politics is perhaps the only profession for which no preparation is thought necessary." it‘ l I \ in Quebec consumers complain that im- ported Danish butter tastes queer. This is due to a special culture caused by the sweet cream, they add. Danish creameries used very little salt. The Federal Government has bought il,000,- 000 pounds of Danish hut-fer, of which 5,500,COD have been delivered to Canadian distributors. Most of the latter quantity is still in storage, and wholesalers believe, with grocers, that "once the Danish butter taste is explained to the peo- ple of Canada, all will he well."

x p i, 1

Deadline dates for the overseas Christmas surface mails have been set as follows: Novem- ber i5 —- The United Kingdom — Parcels. No- vember 29 »- The Uiiiicrl Kingdom ~ Letters. Mails to more distant overzcas destinations should be posted now! The Post Office once oaain calls public attention to the fact that mailings too long delayed may result in late deliveries, because the practice, if general, might render it impos- sible for the Post Office to linzl the necessary cargo space on the last siiips leaving in time to ensure Christmas delivery.

a 1| a: n

Nine years ago November l5, Canadian Mili- tary Headquarters was organized and opened ”for business" in London, England . . Scven years ago, November i6, l94i, two Canadian bat- talions and auxiliary troops arrived at Hang Kong aboard the troopship "Awatoa" . . . Five years were lighting heroically as part of the British ago this month, as winter set in, Canadian troops Eighth Army in ltaly. On November 20, the Eighth secured control of the lower Songro River after a fierce battle. At that time too, we were pasting Europe with everything we had and on the Zist, 775 Allied bombers paid a visit to Ber- lin . . . Four years ago this month Canadian troops battling alongside their allies in North- west Europa were closing in on Germany. On the 28th. November the Chaudiere Regiment crossed the borders of that country —- the first Canadian troops into Germany since the Great War l9l4-l8.

Q 9 ‘I D

The chief lethal conditions causiiig the flmlli °l Old" Pebble, says Dr. I. M. Rabinowitch, director of the Institute for Special Research and Cell Metabolism, Montreal General Hospital, he" ""0". diabetes, and degenerative diseases in the heart, arteries and kidneys. He odd; that suchyprogress had been mode in the treatment of diabetes that a Canadian life assurance com- pany in i940 began accepting diabetics as pol- icy holders, and so successful had the venture been llltflfwflflléi’ companies had followed. He warned about the taking of vitamin E for dia- betes without one's being advised to by a 49¢. tor. "ln fact, in the cases I have seen, the evi- dence points to it being useless for this corr- dition rather than of any benefit, and there is no proof that largo amounts of vitamin E, if used over long periods of time, might notprova harmful," ha says. Cancer differed from dis- easo in being a regenerative condition. Tha cancer cell continued to "grow finally causing death by exhausting the body of energy. Dis- eases of the heart, arteries and kidneys caused more deaths than did cancer, diabetics and tub-

CHARLOTTET OWN

Your: oooo DEED FOR To-oAv/ . |

ABEGWEIT HARVEST

Tho harvest. of the tubers is a‘. hand,

And. labourers, backs bent, retrieve

the yield.

The Autu-mn sun in splendour bathe: the land

With light, and reaches every lonely field.

Across the hills . the scbool is empty norw,

The children too are reepera of the crop.

Their plastic growing bodies rightly

_ know, .

Of aching muscles. but they do not.

Strap.

For oldsters too, the harvest. is a chore

That must. be done-the season comes around

so quickly. that. it seemed a week before

They ‘out tlie sols’ and laid them in the ground.

The One Great. Husbandman hath shown liLs love. By giving us of good things a; of yore. The frultage of the Heaven above. needs from His boundless store. —"Plumbi.t.i1e'. Charlottetown, P. I.

earth from

our Creetioxvs

‘Canadian Farm Marketing Prospects

This your. for tlie first. time since iiic war ended, the extreme pres- sure oii world food supplies shows signs of easing says the Bonk o! Nova. Scotla in its current Monthly tact-leis. World supplies of bread- grains and coarse grains are butli larger and better distributed in 1948 than they were in 19-17. AJ- tliough import needs are still large and urgent, the acute balance of payments difficulties in whtah most. i-iriportiiig countries flrid them- selves will certainly work to limit tlioir purchases. This year may, iri- deed. nraric the taming point, tii Ltie demand and supply situation for grains. one symptom of the closer ba. ance between demand and supplv is the drcp in U.S. grain prim ~ since last. January, which by Aug- ust. had brought wheat. oats, and barley down to U5. support levels. Canadian coarse grain prior-s have also declined sub- stantially from the hlgih poinis reached last winter. and the Can- adian commbrclai export price of wheat. which follows the U.S. price. is at present about a dollar below its January peak. Australia. and Argentina have also reduced their commercial export prices for wheat. though these remain well iibove Canadian and U. S. prices.

The truth is, observes the Review that. though‘ tihe world food sitar-Lego is still acube, the market outlook is clouded by the dollar- paymenr. problems of overseas im- porting countries. The system of selling our major agricultural prod- ucts through long-teiim with Britain, which was built up in wartime. Ls obviously under con- siderable pressure. Even the wheat contract. though it. has proved the most stable part. of the long-term contract poiicv and the most. de- sired by Britain. has been plead under serious strain by the devol- opmenis of the postwar period.

A: for the animal-product con‘ tracts. it. is now well known that the British last winter _GXBH‘IGM‘

GOVBTIIMEIIt .

contracts _

products, it Ls probable tiifat. ex- ports to her, even after 1952, will not. be on the scale of recent. years. Nor can the very high postwar lev- el of Canadian fawn-products to Europe, which was financed to u considerable extent. out of export. credits, be maintained. Tliua Can- ada. ts faced with problems of read- _lust.ment.—af finding other mar-

ural structure to meet the changed demand situation. ~ U l I

The Reviewpoints out that the Unled States 1s already providing an alternative market. for some commodities. 1t mentions particu- larly the large volume of poultry shipments across the border and tihe heavy movement. of beef cattle since the embargo was lifted in August. As a market for Canadian grains. however, the United States naturally offers much more limited prospects. Attention is also drawn to the fact that the existence of large exportabie surpluses of grain Ln that country is proving a serious restrictive influence on sales of Canadian grains and grain prod- ucts to continental Europe.

The Review states that. Canadian agriculture has had a good year". Crops were substantially larger than last year and considerably more grain will be available for evpart. Output. of most. of the prin- cipa-l animal products though mucii below the wartime peaks. ro- mains well above pf€-\\‘a|' levels, The most disturbing development for livestock and dairy producers- the sharp rise in feed prices fol- lowing decontroi-has been eased by the recent decline in feed grain prices. This, together with the more ample and better-distributed sup- plies of feeds. lies improved the outlook for livestock and dairy production.

In contrast to the situation for grains. prices of livestock products are all much higher than a year go. and the general farm-product in- dex is up by about 22 per cent- more than keeping pace with the increase shown tiv the index of prices rif commodities and. services useri bv farmer's.

Farm income in t-iie first. half of the year- was a third larger than in the first half of 1947, all pmv- lTWGS Dnrtlclnalli"! in the izain. In- creases in the Prairie Provinces WPTB rive principally to large nar- llP"1“ll0l'l navnir-nts on ivheai i~r‘naii~~ the total payment on the three previous rrnris up tn ‘he new initial art/re of 515s a bu. For the full ve~r income will undoubtedly "cwd l‘v a substantial mqrein tlie t" billion record established last year.

é n; Agii-oiii Story ,

IGC O-GGg

The rig‘ ouanesa of the per- fect shall direct Mia way.

GRJMSBY, Ehslond — (OP) - Scenes of Grtmsby fisli docks will “Sure in the new east. window of Grf-msby parish church. ‘Ikawier- owners raised £2,100 ($8.400) L0 lnstai it. as a memorial to fisher. men lost tn the Second world w“,

kets. and of adjusting her ngrlcu1t~ ‘VG

Qwo-Qwoeeo-Qo ‘T. Old ciisrioueiowri (Ana P. l. I.)

SKYE PIONEERS‘ SONG

Shortly after the arrival of the ‘fPoll_v" in Orwell Bay in 1803, a nelic song, "Oran Imricli", was composed by one of the immigrants and was popular with the Selkirk settlers for many years afterwards. It. was first published in "Mac Talia" in 1895, and republished in the Oban (Scotland) Time! tlie some yiear, and again in “Mac Talia" in 1902 with the following introductory notes: ,

"This song was composed by Mal- colm Ban Buchannan, one of the immigrants on the famous ship ‘Polly’, that soiled from Portree. Isle of Skye, in the beginning of tlie summer of 1803, and cast anch- or in Orwell Bay on tlie 18th day of the first month of Autumn (August), the same year, with about eight hundred emigrants. The song begins with an account of their departure from Portiee fiririiirr, ririil their dangerous sali- irrg riniorig the rocks and islands in the east and north of Skye. un~ til they got. to the open oea. 1t is to be understood from the song tiizit the piloting of tlie ship was entrusted to tlie most. skillful and experienced umong tlie passengers when there was iic-ed of them. The poi-m reflects strongly upon the re- lontless cruelty of the ‘ballle’, and advises the people to flee from the tyranny of the landlords. If. con- cludes by recommending Prince Edward Island to intending emi- grants.

"For a long time the poem was supposed to have been lost, but on the 29th of March, 1893. it was token down from the mouth of an old man (Roderick MacLeod, Port- age), raged 85, who in iiia boyhood learned it from the author. 1f is mast likely that tlie air is the com- position of one of the McCrlrnmons. Tlie song is a true specimen of the vernacular Gaelic. as it was spok- en tn Skye a century ago-as the author could neither read nor ivrlto.

“The song was written by Ewen Lamont and sent to ‘Mae Talia‘ in the Spring of 1895, by Murdhadh Coin (the late Murdoch Lamont, of Sprlngiiili, P.E.I.) We reprint it now at the request of some of our renders from Prince Edward Isl- and."

A further reference appears in the Prince Edward Island Magu- zino, January, 1903, to tlie following effect: Comparing the song and footnote with extracts from Beiij. Chimps-it's diary, it. seems very probable that of Solklrk‘s three ships the "Polly" alone sailed from Poriree, and that she alone anch- ored at Belfast. As the colonists hriileil from different parts of the Highlands they did not necessarily all sail from the some part on the same day. There elapsed twenty diiys between tlie dates of the ur- rival of the firpt. and last ships; thia would account for the poet's silence regarding the other vessels, rind for the fact. that some people claim thiit. there was only one ship in nil. As for tlie date of’ the ar- rival of the “Poliy" at Belfast, Chappell has August. 8 and the

rihove note August 18. Possibly

compare msunmce

- Notes By

' aduoaflon will alwaya leek to link freedom with responsi bllity, and to dispel fear by the in culcation of love. It will also seek to relate its teachings lo tho out- side world. It will major or the aubjecta which deal with tlie liu