AUGUST 18. ' 195..

PAGE mun g , , THE GUARDIAN

Authorised as second Class Mail Post Office Department. Ottawa The island Guardian Publishing Go.

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The GUARDIAN. (IHARLOTTETOWN ,, ; Sslstlos O

. . y . I V, V, The MackenzieO.King:Diar'iesif

(George llamhleton in the Ottawa Oiitsjn)

moved the embargo against export of cat- tle and beef to the U. S.. the Canadian beef industry was in a state of alarm. It had the British market at that time, but the

obi aztfioil ..

l-.'.;, Looasv lb rut

UIBCUI-ATION producers knew it was only tiemporary. i5e- -My '. hr .

Ibtai City limo ----- ------------' "”' mman ways. dos notion of the ,was tremendous , uh" Tad,” Z”. N,” cause the Government denied them free uwmw: Km dmm V", be . mum mm 'mmtm':m:;IPMi an other its access to the American market at: that h-.,..ly, Mr. King's literary exe- liament. Lord Byng was unders ”' ”'3" cutors will, of course. 'follow the to favour it. Many Liberals favom

Total Net Paid . Editor and Managing a Irecwr. I. if. Burnett Aaauciam Editor, Franir Walker

time, little effort was made for heavy fu- ture production. Although the embargo was later lifted, the effects of this period of government-inspired despondency are still being felt. Only now is the cattle in- dustry realizing that it is on a solid mar- ket footing, and consequently more cattle- men are trying to plan for heavier future production, which will not pay off for sev- eral years.

terms of his will. They can do noth- ing else. None the less, destruction of the diaries will be a severe loss to the student of the Macxensie King era. Diaries dictated day by day to a stenographer, in the very nature of things, embody triyialities which could be edited out without any pal't.iciilI.r loss to anyone.

I remember well when my wife and I were guests at Laurier House some years ago. Mr. King, in an un- usually communicative mood. took down one of the volumes and read several pages of it to us. It was. as I recall it, an account of how, in London some time before, he had gone for a stroll down Whitehall. and met this important man and that. Chit-chat. of no particular im- portanoe. revealing little except Mr. King's own methodical habits of mind. Certainly, not the kind of material which would send some excited publisher dashing after it with an offer of a dollar a word.

But setting aside what might be termed the prosy side oi the diaries, a record compiled so faithfully over so many years by one who was at the heart of things must contain not only many unknown facts but reveal the motives which lay be- hind Mr. King's decisions.

it. But. Mr. King held on, a unchanged in his view. pmremly

But did his view not chm". some um. later. talking the maid ent over with one of Mr. King's call 1118?: coiieasues. I was informed um. after further talks with Lord gyn and futher consideration, Mr. Kind did change his view. was ready .2 resign. and so informed the cahlm. But the Cabinet. having also mod. fled their view. were now in lailou. of meeting Parliament. And Ml-, K1,: yi-glided tto thfir view. E

0 5 Ory s a strange one w

only the King diaries could pl:(l)(3: or disprove. Obviously, if the sto; is true and Mr. King had followgg his own inclination, there would have been no Byns episode Bt all.

Now take the talk with Hill.” ' In June, 1937. following the ;,'n, perial Conference in London, M,- King went via Paris to nem,,' Then (as Mr. King himself inform. ed me, for I accompanied him ,5 special correspondent of the Cans. dian Press). he had an interview with Hitler which had been as-rang. ed by Von Ribbentrop. What hap. pened at the interview? only ch, King diaries could give this signlfl. cant. statement: "The fact that we have our own representative in as Jeral countries is an evidence of the liberty and free- dom which above all else we prizg and if imperilled from any mun, whatever, would .bring us together again in preservation of it." That was what Mr. King actually said. But a. report in a London pa. per quoted him as saying A "gay threat to England would immedl. ately bring Canada to her side." Mr. King promptly denied the

"The Strongest Memory IS Weaker Than the Weakest Ink."

CIlABl..0T'ri-JTDWN FRIDAY, AUGUST 18. 1950 Honorary islanders

.JUS'r PASS THE wean Maoono war rusae'u. as eurrca cola. ALL IF NO ON! BANS MORE Yuan ME News .'

It is a graceful custom for ancient Brit- ish and-European cities, boroughs and com- panies to confer their freedom on persons of distinction or persons who have performed eminent services for the community. We do not have such closed corporations here with membership restricted to the children and apprentices of freemen and those ac-

'quiring it by gift or purchase. . I

We are. however, perhaps inordinately proud of being Islanders and there is no reason why, in proper cases, we should not confer a similar distinction on those who would bring distinction to it, or who have

' '- rendered services to this Province.

The Lieutenant-Governor and various ' - . ' . mayors could be empowered to create Hon- 1 ; orary Islanders and relieve them of the mis- O fortune of being forever ”foreigners."

The constitutional "Tangle

Not the least of a number of complex problems requiring consideration at the

EDITORIAL NOTES

Another day and the Exhibition and Old Home Week will be a thing of the past .

I . -an exceptionally pleasant memory. I O 0

Britain's Schools Exploring Society may , "explore" Canada next year. The boys taking part will range in age from 161A), to 1? '

The Communists were threatening Tibet ' with fire and sword, but the earthquake . . p brought its destruction first and without I. warning. 7A9 I - Notes By The Way - ,

o 0 0 I ' ' , Our "rising hopes" have an opportun- ?oea' 6”? , , , ity of a lifetime in enlisting to keep the enemy at bay. "Be Prepared" is the best slogan to be inculcated, with self-defence be- ing the first law of nature. i

Let us take two episodes in Mr. King's career; the Byng episode and the interview with Hitler. In both cases, the full facts have never been published. In both. the diaries might complete the story. Consider the Byng episode. Here. in brief. are the already published facts. in loss. Mr. King as leader of the

in the United states and Canada- has shown him that many people did not realize the importance of countries in the Fair liiast and be- lieved it unsafe to invest capital in any Asian country. He felt that his

, Fa - now report a mysterious cloud, , "with hues of green, orange. yellow and blue." Very likely some Holly- wood director has been blowing off steam in technicolor. - Ottawa

BARTEII Life has loveliness to sell.

forthcoming Dominion-Provincial confer- All beautiful and splendid mi. 1 211.. h 11 to ence relates to the effect of Parliament's . . Blue Waves whitened on n cliff?” Evening cmzm Xiiifeih 1:1: eligllgfe uand siihmthst "hem "my "em t” ”"”'.m"3' The E"3"5h ”1””"' 3"” Wm” did he . It appears 11:59 last night was to be the soaring fire that sways and sin s ' ”"e”” elecm" ”5"”ed' ”"'P” ”''””"Y 5W W Hillel? He was

decision to abolish appeals to the Judicial . . . .-.nd children's faces looki g I" C '”'”t L”""""' E""'""' Um” s'''"” "'””d'” ”'"” 101. conservatives me. Progressive questioned in the House of Co . deadline for forwarding live stock and per- "9 "P press conferece. Prime Munster with him that Pakistan wu a saf- W, I depmdmu 38. mm. 1,. , mom on ms mum to 0mm algd

adding wand” like ” c"P- er investment than many European

countries. pg Pakmm News. House of 24.5 members. no one party

had clear majority. Mr. Mackenzie King had before him one of two possible courses: He could either re- sign immediately and make way for a Conservative Government. or he could hold on and challenge defeat in the House of Commons. Although outnumbered by the conservatives, he decided to hold on and (relying on support from the Progressive "On Friday nisht int. and on the and Independent group) to meet Sbturdayioliowins. the wind about Parliament. His.Ciovernment lived north. we were visited by one of the for a few months but it lived precar- most tremendous and destructive iously. Then. battered by Opposition 5?-Om!-S. HCCOMDHHIM1 by HICGSSEM criticism, his measures skirting de- rain, ever witnessed on this Island. gen, Mr, xlng asked the Governor Its ravages are to be seen in every Gene”), Lgrd gyng, go dissolve 1:”. direction. The new Episcopal 1- A, Church. in thisgtown, has been raz- mm gyhg dgcuhga, Mr, King ,9. ed to the ground, End several hous- gigngd and urge gm; lnvlged My, 65 Ind Stable! lniured. The 852- Meighen to form a Government. Now dens and fields have suffered Very Mr. Melghen was soon in difficulties. materially. by the destruction of Under the law as it then was. s ornamental fruit trees and fences. member 01 gm, Hg-use could mg ac- From all parts of the country we cent a Cabinet portfolio without him! Iccoimt-s of burns blown down first seeking re-election. Re-election .and cattle killed. rolds chokvd up would have meant half a' dozen by- by windfalls. etc. A great number ' " mg the tempo;-gyy amp.

Liaquat Ali Khan of Pakistan was asked by an Indian correspondent how he could reconcile his assertion that economic development was the answer to communism in Asia with the belief that force must be used to halt. communist aggression. He replied: "The two are not con- tradictory. ,Aggu-ession prevents economic development. If force is used in aggression it can be met only by force." He said his visit

maps the "Schilman Plan"conference in Paris. so that the first problem seems to be this. How can the Council of Europe be usefully associated with the work of these other organs of co-operation? can it make some useful contribution to what they are already doing? 1: there some field .in which the Council itself could take over , the work without duplication of effort: and. one must add, without dupli- cating the work which is already being done or which would be more suitably done by the organs of the United , Nations?

declined to ray, 0 O 0'

Nor did he lift the curtain until August 194-i when he made this tatement in the House of Com. mons:

"I do tell this House of Oommons today that my visit to Germany had as its objective tomske it per- fectly clear that. if there was a war of aggression, nothing in the world would keep the Canadian people from being at the side of Britain. That was known to the Garmin Government at the time, and my action in the matter was fully known to the British Government; but I did not talk about it at the time for it is just as well that some of these matters should not be spok- en of until later years."

These words, it will be noted, are almost a replica of the words at- trlbuted to Mr. King in the London report of 1937.

Did Mr. King make so definite a commitment two years before tho war? If he did, what did Hitler say?

Committee of the Privy Council. It was a relatively simple matter to declare. as Par- liament has already done, that the Supreme Court of Canada shall be the court of last resort for cases instituted in the courts of this country. Less simple, however, and entirely ignored by the amendment to the Supreme Court legislation, is the question of what recognition to accord to those import- lnt Privy Council decisions which over the years have shaped and moulded Canada's constitutional structure.

Are those Privy Council decisions to re- main binding upon the Supreme Court of Canada, whose judgments they oftentimes ”Ve”'"1ed? If 59v the effect 9f having 9355' to be nullified, the other oil-producing coun- Ed legislatmn ab9n5hi”g further appeals t0 tries must be induced to fall in line. the Privy Council will be slight indeed. Can 0 o c this c”u"trY- 0" me ah” handv afmrd W As war represents the failure of diplo- throw overboard the precedents in constitu- macy, so a strike representsa failure of

ishables on the railways, in view of the threatened strike which everyone hopes will not materialize.

Life has loveliness to sell.

Music like a curve of gold,

599113 of Pine trees in the min. Eyes that love you. arms that hold And for your splrit's still ce.ighr Holy thoughts that star the night.

0O4OD'fOGfeQ.. Old Charlottetown land r. s. 1.)

Forest fires in Newfoundland emphasize the lack of land communications in that Province. They are paying for their nu- merous and convenient harbours by failure to develop a network of highways.

O O 0

Spend all you have for loveliness. Buy it and never count the cost:

For one white singing hour 31 gene Count many a year of strife wen

DESTRUCTIVE STORM

And for A breath of ecstasy Cvlve all you have been. or co lld b.,-,

-Sara Teasdale

Future Of The Assembly

By W. N. Ewer

Already in this first week of this year's meeting of the assembly of the council of Europe, it is evident that this second session will be very different in character from, the first. '

Communist Chinals order for 60,000 drums of oil in South America is the natural outcome of Britain's cutting off their supply at the request of the United States. Unless the effect of that action is ,

Y

tional matters which, as enunciated by the Privy Council, form the very fabric of Can-

labour relationships. It is, of course, the ultimate and essential weapon of the labour

Last year there was an outlet for all the energy and enthusiasm of the members in the creative work

0 0 O 'rhe'an.swers are not going to be

of cattle have been lost in the pesrance of Mr. Melghen's majority.

woods. "Tile distress among the shipping.

In any event. whatever he said to Mr. King. Hitler was not deterred. He had already militarised the

one

easy. But they have to be found. Another possibility is that in its debates and recommends” as the Assembly can give a -useful lead and, indeed, exert useful pressure upon national governments and parliaments. Can it get things done

Rhineland and isolated Czechoslo- vakia. Within a few months he had seized Austria. Then came the frag. edy of 'Muni(h. and the Second World War.

I have cited but two episodes.

ada's constitutional structure? To do so, Wrelyv WW” bring chws mm the emmmic to achieve its aims without actually resort- and business as well. as the political life of mg to it. the country. 0 0 0

Some legal scholars suggest that what is

of organizing the Council and get- ting its various organs to function. That. in itself, was a big enough task. And at the end there was a real sense of achievement.

Now, the Assembly finds itself

particularly on the north side of M1 Meilhen Souiiht to meet the the Island. is very great. The brig, dlwclllw by 8990131”!!! 3011318 mm- Planter. Robert Chambers. master, Islam. In that way the only seat 0: poole, bound to T1-lnlgy my, vacated was his own. Mr. Mackenzie Newfoundland. with lumber, is Kins. new leader of the Opposition wrecked st" Surveyor's Inlet, Lot promptly chaiiensed the new depart-

unions, but good leadership should be able

needed is legislation to dignify earlier Privy Council decisions with the positions of ju- illcial pronouncements which, while being persuasive, would not absolutely bind the Supreme Court of Canada topfollow them in all cases. It is unfortunate that Parliament Illowed itself to be rushed into the abolition of Privy Council appeals without fuller con- sideration of the constitutional impedi- merits.

Supply and Demand

Some of the reasons for the existing high meat prices are given in the Calgary Albertan. First and foremost is the fact that beef production is a long-term business. If a farmer decides in the Spring of 1950 to raise more beef, not until some time in 1953 will the additional animals reach nor- mal. marketing age. The producer must look three years ahead. If he isn't fairly sure that prices will hold up that long, he will be tempted to turn his efforts else- where. The time factor is not so long in the case of hog production.

-The only way to get greater meat mar- Istings in the future is to reduce the mar- ketlngs this year. Livestock production is not like the production of cars of,frult, which can be steadily and consistently in- creased. If Canadian consumers want to buy and eat a heifer this year, that means fewer calves and fewer marketlngs in fu- ture years. The short term is, therefore, directly contradictory to the long term. The consumer cant have it both ways.

. Of the many uhpredlctables in meat pro- the greatest is feed. A hard win- 'is'i'”s'i'!atly increases the feed bill. A short hay grain crop means that many farmers have-to,seli.cattie or hogs they had

nod on keeping.

The laboursituation has not improved.

In tlie'-foothills ofiAlberta, where range I -cai:tle"clin be wlhtered outside fairly ess- Ily. this icing: so important a problem. But A on the mixed farm.

taV,t'i1iiva;,reiiab,ie help. It fmtiu 1

Tomorrow the cynosure of all eyes in the City will be the North Nova Scotia's Fourth Reunion and Drumhead Memorial Service at Memorial Field, Victoria Park. Relatives of those on active service with the Novies will have a special section of the stands reserved for them. '

l I O O

Steamboats were adopted by shipping this date 1807. The first invention was the Charlotte Dundas which ran on the Forth and Clyde Canal in 1802, followed by the Clermont launched August 17. 1807. Pro- duced by Mr. Fulton, an American, and engined by Boulton and Watt, it was the first freight steamer in service.

0 O I

The long-distance discussion of the Rail- way dispute has ended, and now it is for the Government to try its hand ,with the necessary powers it possesses. Otherwise either the Unions or the Railways mustlbe acknowledged as running the country as well as running the railways--which is threatened to be discontinued.

O O O

.The Maritime Automobile Association plans to improve the shockingly bad man- ners and dangerous driving of motorists here by providing a safety course in the schools. It may also learn the secret of how accidents are very largely avoided here despite the general disregard for es and regulations.

0 I I '

A 17-year-old London taxicab has set up what is considered to be a unique alti- tude record. It has crossed the Simplon pass, Switzerland, at a height of 6,595 feet. Driven by 4 students from Cambridge Uni- versity on a 3,000-mile tour of Europe, the taxi covered the entire distance without re- quiring any additional oil. .

. O O O

A ship which will automatically obey orders sent to it by music was demonstrat- ed off the south coast of Britain recently. The vessel, is a motor launch 68 feet long whichwillbeusedbytheR.A. F.asa tara- get-at sea. It is the first radio-controlled boatrlthiskindevsrproducsd. Itisguid- ed by musical notes of vsryins Fitch sent to it from a control ship. Each portion" of ill! it-lilichll ifaeohanism responds to one particular note which it picks up and obeys

V -eight

faced by a different problem. The machine has been created. What is it going to do? There is rather an anxious feeling that unless this sea- son produces some solid and tangi- ble results, unless something hap- pens as a consequence of its discus- ions, enthusiasms may wane. In the political body, organs which do not function are apt to atrophy.

There are. of course. federalists. ardent advocates of the creating of a federation of Europe, with is fed- eral government and a federal Parl- iament exercising sovereign pow- ers. For them the present Assembly is simply the first step towards their goal. And for them its main task is clear enough. The Assembly must devote all its energies to the conquest of power. It must strive all the time to extend its own authority, and to diminish the authority of national governments They frankly Igard it as useless in its present form and with its pre- sent powers, and would wish it to be a militant institution whose sole purpose is to work for a revolution- ary change in the whole political structure of Europe. which they be- lieve to be essential. .

But the federalists. though very active and very vocal, are in the ,minority. The majority of the re- presentatives, even though many of them regard some kind of fed- eration as ultimatly desirable. do not regard it as at present within the sphere of practical politics. They are concerned with th: urgent problems of today. And it would be no help in the solution of those problems for the Assembly to de- vote itself to a prolonged and prob- ably ineffective struggle to wrest power from the hands of national governments and national parlia- ments. That would achieve nothing and would indeed weaken Western Europe by creating new and sharp