THE GUARDIAN

Fubiished every weak-day morning at 136 Prince Street. Chan lottetnwn. P E. I.. by The Thomson Company Limited. 'Cuvcrl Frlnu I-:ow-rd In-no Lin III: Dew" Editor and Manager. Ian A Burnett.

Associate Editor. Frank Walker lunch otlicu ll summenide. Montague and Albertun Autho- ind as Second Cilll Mull by tho Post Ollie: Department.

Ottawa.

3! Carrier: Lginrlnttemwn. Summer-not 81500 pen anniim Else t

rtiero In P. 1 I100. other Province: and U. 5 A

per nnnum. ,”The strongest memory is weaker than the weakest ink."

SATURDAY, OCT. 16, 1954

Ililno

Europe After London

It would be unfortunate were the sense of relief which has followed the London conference, and which has attended ratification by French National Asscmbly of the pact sign- ed by Premier Mcndes-F"ancc, to convey the impression that solidarity for European defence has been achieved.

There can be little doubt but that For- cign Sccrctary Eden's action in committing the United Kingdom to maintain troops on the continent of Europe turned defeat, diplo- matically at least, into victory. The fa(t remains, however. that ratification of the successor to EDC by the French National Assembly is ratification in principle only. The skeleton of an agreement has crectcd. It yet remains to be decently clothed in the flesh and bones of'divergent national military forces working in full and effective co-operation.

Nor will it be all plain sailing for West German Chancellor Dr. Adenauer. The scars left on West German public opinion by the failure of EDC. which Dr. Adenauer championed, will not he eradicated over- night. Already there is more than a hint that German Socialistsregard membership of NATO and the Brussels pact not as a privilege and an opportunity so much as a handicap on national aspirations for re- unification.

Moscow, to be sure, will do everything possible to wreck the good work of the London conference. Already there are ele- ments both in West Germany and in France who seek to postpone action in Ger- man rearmament until Mr. Vishinsky's lat- est proposals on disarmament are consider- ed.

The task of integrating western defences within the framework of the London Act and the Brussels Pact is one to which tiic signatory governments, including Canada, must address themselves without delay. No matter how effectively this task is pushed to conclusion. however, the problem of Ger- man re-unification, so long as it remains unsolved, will constitute the Achiiles' heel of western security. It is to this latter problem that western diplomacy must ad- dress itself with despatch.

Habitant Society

The social development described in the latest booklet published by the Canadian Historical Association does not conform witn the account given by most historians of Canada. most of them attempt to reconstruct the society of the French regime on the lines of the broken society, which existed I763, deprived of the most influential and competent part of its ruling class. a part

which could not survivc outside of thc polit-,

ical and economic framework of New France and the French empire. i "Canadian Society in the French Re-

ginic", by Guy Frcgault, attempts in its six-

the outright jubilation; thcl

been;

The reason, it is explained, is that-

in

lstituted an oligarchy which SilLll'ed the E trading posts, occupied most of the public ' offices, and distinguished itself in military , expeditions. It was that group, claims the E author, that had built up Canada. the Can-

ada that disappeared in 1760, by develop- - ing its economy, directing its territorial ex- pansion and inspiring its politics.

, No Longer Sheltered

Two recent announcements emphasize the pressing need for Canada maintaining specialized defenses. In Washington, Amer- ican Aviation Magazine cites information from inside Russia as proving that the Red air armies now have reconnaissance crait capable of flying over Alaska and as far south as San Francisco and returning to Siberian bases. Both American and Cana- dian military sources have declared before now their belief, though it has not yet been proved, that Russian reconnaissance flights are already taking place over Alaska and Northern Canada.

In Victoria, Admiral E. R. Maingu), chief of the Canadian naval staff, has con-

firmed that reports of Russian submarine

activity off the West Coast of Canada andyl l

the United States are "continually" being received. "We see no reason why some off them shouldn't be true." i

Canada's wars have always been far? from the homeland. Canada, today, is ani outpost, a first line of defence. In such a position, it is not just her armed forces which must realize that fact. In northern -land defence, she depends on specially-dc-; : signed long-range interceptor aircraft, alert- ed by radar screens, to cover both surface: lvessels and special aircraft, to keep open; lher sea lanes and protect her harbors an:ll 3 their roads. 1 As the Montreal Gazette points outw Canada cannot afford today's expensive of- tfcnsive weapons, atomic bombs, intercon- jtinerital bombers, heavily-escorted fleets of ,aircraft-carriers. Canada must leave the 'major offensive tasks to her bigger allies. lthe United States and Britain. Canada is capable, however, of developing consider- able defensive strength, strength which she vitally requires, as many of her border areas ai'e so vulnerable to attack.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Tomorrow, the 18th Sunday after Trin- ity, the 19th after Pentecost.

E O O O

Montague residents and others were glad

.to have the use of a temporary bridge! while the new one was being constructedi They are even more pleased, however, that it is no longer necessary to cross by the” : temporary structuiaz. ;

PUBLIC FORUM '

This column II opt: lo the discus sion by cnrrewondenll of question: of inturut. Tho Gunnllnu don nol necelnrlly cnaono the opinion at cnrrupomienln.

Po-I-AT A - 3 Am, still and moonshine making equip- officials. 0 M BKLTING 0 in Rarltan township, Mld- there will be no such "studying" the fact lh-ll diesex County. Among the seized by members of the school board or

Sir,-In View at

H

NOTES BY'THE WAY

This stuff should really go to dent. of the Greater Victoria Par-

your

cohollc Beverage Control Division pressed the

lyad. The Newark State Al- ent-Teacher Association, who ex-

view that the idea

has announced the seizure of a should be "studied" by educational

ment

Apparently, however.

Mi; Austin A. Scales has advised materials was "one felt, my, used anyone else in on official capacity.

you by telephone of the pui'ti.ii cuiitcnls of ii lcttv,i- he received from me dated Oct. I3. I l)EIiCVu it is in the public interest that the fiili should be publisht-',d

I wish to assure Mr. Scales that there is not now nor ever has been any wish or intent on iii.- part of any Board members to withhold from the public true and roirc,ct finzuicial stutenicnts. I be- licve scvcral past Board state- ments have been released to the public in a proper manner

through the, Provincial Legislature.

Any further attempt on the pai'. of Mr. Scales or anybody else to r-iisl. doubt. on the accuracy oi Potal.o'Mui'hcting Board financial statements and their uttachcd re- ports ns compiled by the reputable accounting firm of II. R. Donna- and Co. and which I believe are fully correct, not erroneous as iv.- suggcsts, siioufd and I believe will re,ccivc the public condcmncitlon they deserve.

Two letters datcd.0ct. -1 won: rcccived by me from Mr. Scales,

ponc rcgiirding my slalcmcnt .it . . . -the Foiuiu and the other re the Board's iinnuai statements. - In

t This Province looks on with interest -it 1 the research being carried on to develop a; more economical coal-fired plant to produce power from Nova Scotian coal. if the cost can be brought down there appears to be no serious obstacle to bringing power-from

Cape Breton to this Province by cable. I D O

The centenary of Queen's University faculty of medicine may also mark the be- ginning of a century of the family doctorf

letters on

zickncwicdging these Oct. ill I stated: "Regarding the, former we wish to advise you that, in my opinion, the statcmcnt iiiudc in reference in your lctlcr in the prcss ul ScpLc,mbcr 20th, one part of which I quotcd iind pruvcil incorrect through an official statement from if. R. Donna and Company, fully jiistificd the statement that such wrong and improper information given to the public by nnyone was "not worthy of any rcputublc citi- zcn in this provincc.' I also lic- licvc that these words clearly in

At any rate students were informed that 2:;t,"Il,,",,rfQ”;';”f;,i';”m"” Mum"! at long last the general practitioner is mak- "At our last Bmird nu-Mini: in: a come wk in the or we :.'.':::..'33:.x.'::::...:'.”::.::.szis:511:: SDCCIHIISI. ,:ivcn that the personal vicivs I g g . lrxprrsscd were not cndnrsed ny I V ' ,Pntato Mnrkcting Board mi-,ni

, Two Connecticut firms winch sotd bars. "ltogiiriling annual statements

lllquor to a driver who was later involved

in the first piirnszrapli of your let

1"?" rmzcs '0 POHIPRYE the general char-tin an accident have voluntarily agreed to m- )t'lli sliilc um. on August. 24u..

actcrlslics of colonial society in America amt shows the differences and also the sini- ilaritics of origin and political and geo- graphic factors which influenced the de- vclopmcnt of English, Spanish and French colonies. Thc Dutch. of course, were early subdued and largely assimilated by the Eng- lish.

The development of French Canada is traced in some detail and it is particularly interesting to read the description of Cana- dian society around 1750, before its com- plcte reconstitution under new circum- stances. The population had not become numerous. The census of 1754 shows only 55,009 inhabitants. About 42,000 lived I.'2 the country. These enjoyed a considerably higher standard of living than in France, in no small measure contributed to by the fur trade.

The habitant enjoyed a relatively high standard of education and contemporary comment indicates that he showed R certain "lnsubordination" and "independence" of character. "Habitant", by the way, must not be confused with "paysan". It is a

word borrowed from the West Indies mean-p ing a factor in charge of a colonial enter-'

prise. As is class they controlled the Coun- cils that. were associated with the Governor from 1647 on.

Urban workers received high wages. A carpenter was better paid than a member of the Superior Council. The power of the

authorities was such, however, that Hoc- quart was able to settle a strike by throw- ing all the strikers into prison.

Tltled- or not, the lesser nobility or the upper middle class. enriched by commerce, set the tone of Canadian society. It con-

pay .”522,000 to the father of a girl who wast killed. No legal principle is cstablishcd, but if it were, the vendors would become in ;practice practically insurers of the users ofi , the highways.

3 Premier Hicks with unusual candor in a . political leader has stated that there will be, no Nova Scotian general election before 1957. The announcement may enable both parties to be at their peak of strength at that time but it may have the unfortunate result also of reducing intercst in current political developments.

0 O O

"Slope Arms!” will have to go if the FN automatic rifle is adopted, it is pointed out in a recent news story. The cocking handle is on the left and makes that particular drill practically impossible. Traditionalists may regret its passing, but for their bene- fit lt will always be possible to turn out ;i guard armed with the pike, which was the original weapon so carried.

0 O 0

Oscar Fingall O'Flahc-rtie Wills Wilde, Irish dramatist and essayist, was born this date 1854. His only novel, "The Picture of Dorian Gray," illustrates his acstheticism, the search for intense or rare sensations. and the superiority of the artist over con- ventional rules. His greatest success was in light comedy which gave full play to his fantastic wit. "Lady Windermere's Tan", "A Woman of No Importance" and "The Importance of Being Earnest" are among his better known works. The only moving words he ever wrote are in "The Ballad of

lll5Ll you wcrc atlviscti flint copies of the annual statements of th- Potato Iioiird for the two proced- ing ycnrs had hi-cn filed with lir- . E. l. Potato Marketing Boartl as was ncccssar). This happen: to hc just. iinnthl-,r incorrccl slat.-

mcnt. (lur rccortis show that .Al. that diitc. you were advised lh-it such financial stiitcmcnts Iltlli

hccn filcd with the Proiinciti Markcting Board as was ncccs

lsliry.

"in rcfcrcnrr: to lhc last lam paragraphs of your letter we can only state that when it cvirls-,nt that certain persons were making wrongful statements hath publicly and privately rcgardin,z the Potato Hoard finances the Board management. decided that it was in the public interest. to

,niakc, the true facts available I loncc. This decision was endorse-I

by nil Potato Marketing Board members.

"We trust that these facts will have the squaring awfyleffect foi which you have already thanked me." p I am. Sir, etc.

DONALD A. MacDONALD

P. E. I. Potato Mlrketlng Board.

Old Charlottetown and P. I. X.

CHURCH SOCIETY

”A public meeting too Tuesday last. at. St. Psu '3 Church. for the purpose of forming a Diocesan 'Church Society. upon the principal of that already in opera- tion .in Nova Scotla. His Excel- lency Sir C. A. Fiulioy has con- sented to b me the Patron. and the Countess of Weltmorelund, with her usual llbenllty, hu pre- sented the Society with I donation of five pounds. The annual sub- Icriptions amount to nearly thirty pounds and we hoprthnt, as the Society's objects In more generf Illy understood. it will men with

Reading Gaol.” a" , .

liberal Iuppo t."

hecamr .

Chairman and Manager

place on

as a strainer." Telegraph Journal.

Getting people to church smoc-

while--but now he's accused robbing the his new sports car.

churches to pay for You see, his

church visits were made late at night. Somu pcoplo occasionally cm-

ploy odd methods to ascertain facts. Recently in cleaning woman, in doing her ncckly stint in a nice home, found money under the lugs in various places. She knows, of course. that banking under the rugs went out of fashion decades ago. What. she is now wondering did her employer want to test. her honesty or see whether she clean- ed under the rugs? That's the S64 question. -Kitchener - Wntcrloo Record.

"It is the most. heroic thing she

has done", said Marilyn Bell's teacher. in welcomlrigz her back to school. It is probably true.

Swimming Lake Ontario called for fl lot of endurance. It took a lot. of courage and good common sense and judgment. for the seventeen- ycar-old girl to turn her back on ,all the allurcmcnts of a world that seemed ready to offer everything but. the moon-tor selfish reasons. in too many instances. -Strntford Beacon - Hernia.

Postago stamps are in be had in all the popular denominations at post. offices. To purchase stamps letter of introduction is required. It is not si difficult task to make lln estimate of the number and kinds of stamps needed over a given period of time and to stock up in advance. Th:-re are mnny people, however. who do not buy stamps in advance of the need at a post office. They prefer to wait. until they hwve a letter addressed and sealed. Tlicrn they look about for it stamp. No doubt the iiearcst post. office is many blocks away Very likely it will be closed. The prisons in ricerl of a stamp Lhcn begin to eek out the persons who

have supplied themselves with stamps in anticipation of need.- . Vancouver Herald.

, School board members and teach- ,crs alike in Victoria are jumping 'llke the proverbial ton of bricks on a suggestion that special snick- ing rooms be fixed up in high schools for the use of students given to cigarettes or smoking in lather forms. The suggestion was lmnde by James McPherson, presi- I

. 20"Vo -DISCOUNT

' on TAll.0ltED-T0-MEASURE surrs l . (Bolt Ends) 4

i

Suits s39.95 and up J. P. MucPHERSON 3. son

countless other ways.

- Saint. John According to the Victoria Colonist

the verdict of teachers, parents, physical tralhing instructors. and other commentators is "dead

context of that lettci t times I5 Quit-9 dlnlclllln But lJ19F9'5'against the idea". Seemingly the one young man in Chicago who's suggiastion is striking a lot gotten into difficulties because he adults as both gilly and unwgr. went too often. It may seem to ranted. They have also branded it have done him some good-for a as an '

of

"unnecessary expense".

OI Nimaimu Free Press.

Fire, from earliest. times, has proved itself both ll. friend and a toe. In these northern climes, we cannot do without it to keep us warm through the chilly days of fall and the freezing days of winter. We can make good use of it. to cook our fond, and prepare ap- petlzlng meals. It serves us in in- dustry nnd transportation, and Fire. when properly used: ran indeed be a blessing. When ll gets out. of con.- trol. it can be Fl curse. --Quebec Chronicle-Herald.

You always can rely on the small fry for the unexpected. This should be a warning to automo- bile drivers. says the Province of Quebec Safety League. There is great danger on streets near schools, particularly at times when youngsters are arriving or leaving. The child shouldn't dash across the street. without heading traffic . . . but the iinexpei-ted may well hap- pen. And the child could be your child. Drivers are asked to be caut- ious when they approach school tcrritory. Trent it as sacred ground. A child may be dashing out. on his bicycle. Take R few minutes and protect the life of your child.

-Quebec Chronicle-Herald.

The sight. of I row of cows re- poslng in the straw at the county fair, is an instructive sight. As busy as any being alive. even in repose. us they chew cud, busy manufacturing milk and cream. crich borlno mouth operating like a factory timt works around the clock. Oh, there will be some prizes awarded, and for the best of rea- sons. -Sydney Post Record.

The Age Old Story

I call hcnvcn and mirth in record this day against. you, that I have not before you life imd dcnth, blessing and cursing: thoro- forn choose life. that both thou nnd thy nu-ed may live: that than mnycst. Invc the Lord thy God, and that thou mnycsl. obey his voice, nml that thou mnyost cleave unto him: for he is thy life, and the length of thy days.

lwhich could not be long delayed

BORROW r205-59

Repay in 15 monthly instalment: of only SI6.00 each

Page 4

It is customary to speak of the 18th century as the Age of En- lightenment. although Just why the name become popular no one seems to know. The age certainly produced I great number of sec- ious thlnkers. most of whom spent their time and talents. not to mention tremendous amount: of enersy. in trying to persuade themselves and others that a new and enlightened era was opening for the human race. .

It was 1 time when all author- ity, political and religious, notably the latter, was being called into dispute; free thinking, something entirely different from freedom of thought, was seen by many of the leading philosophers of the per- iod as one thing necessary for rapid intellectual and moral pro- gress. Old institutions were sus- pect. Just because they were old; new ideas, however fantastic. were wclcomed, just because they were new.

Mun would soon be free to live his life without fear. and without dread of forces which hitherto had been mysterious and unknow- able. In the brave. new world that was emerging every man would be master of his own destiny. Science was the hope of the world; in due time, it would be hailed IS the world's saviour. The arrival of universal happiness anti salvation depended on how soon the new scientific ”truths" could replace the old, worn-out "sup- positions."

I I I

Philosopher: vie with one an- other in blue-printing 3 goals: state in which religious, moral, Political. and economic fulfilment would be sure. steady. and certain. Science, if allowed full sway over human affairs, soon would be able to do anything. It would bring enlightenment, peace, and unlver. sal goodwill-in other words, the full and abundant life. War. a re,- llc of the dark ages and of human Ignorance. would vanish from the earth as science removed its causes. Perhaps the foremost pro- ponent of this humanistic am! extremely optimistic view was the great German philosopher Imman- uel Kant who wrote: "Violence on the part of the mighty will grad- ually diminish, obedience to law will increase: men will see them. selves oblige-,d first to render wnr more humane. thcn less frequent, and finally will abolish it al- togr-flier."

cause science was able, to make new morals, new wisdom, new techniques in righteousness, new strength in human relationships- in short. a new heaven and A new earth. The reason why men had fought one another and killed one another in the past was that thev had not known any better. Ignor- once, and stuplditr were at the bottom of it all. When everybody he-came enlightened - a process

-there would be no furtlic,r rea- son or excuse for any kind of moral and social disarray; hence, no IVHT. - a .

Yes, the philosophers of the En- lightenment seem to have, been A cheerful lot and there is no ques- tion about their sincerity. It is true that the science, of which they expected and prophesied so much. still was in a preliminary phase of operation, no great dis- tance removed from crudoness. The new learning, whl h was to make everybody happy. was cor.- finod in the few: and, although many of the ancient institutions. were being subjected to severe philosophic criticism. humanhvn was not strong enough as yet to build alternative structures.

All this was to come about he- ,

The Passing Scene

Hy Observer I BEQUEL T0 ENLIGIITENMENT

and his kind-all very Ilncete Int) filled with I sense of mission- that a new and bnighter day Way about to dawn because sciencu would make it so must have been, and in fact. was. a source of con. siderable intellectual and moral

strength. Many of the thing; which the 18th century philo. sophers predicted have, indeed

come to pass. In the interim, es. pecially in its latest phase, science has served well the, material and cultural interests of mankind. But, for reasons which 20th cen tury philosophers are unable to explain, although they are peg fectly hble, to explain the symp toms, the peace and contentmeni which the architects of Enlighten. ment. saw in their dreams hav: not arrived with the schle,vement..: of science; at least, not in .. measure that would warrant our thinking of Kant and his dlscip. les as good and trustworthy pm. phets. - 0 -

Their belief that some day in the not distant future war would be. banished because it is immoral and stupid may yet. be realized; but it is no longer possible to bg. iieve that science or intellectual enlightenment will bring in that happy day; for science, in mg testimony of its practioners, has done about all it is capable of doing in the matter.

It seems now that the enthi-onp, ment of science as the sovereign arbiter of man's destiny in in: coming to an end. A: one physio- lst. thinking no doubt of tho hydrogen bomb, put it the other day: ”Soon scientists will be tug. itives from the people's wrath". Another is quoted as saying that "it would have been well if atomic power had never been heard of." This is, indeed, a sad sequel to Enlightenment.

No doubt it is right and proper that science should be removed from its high place, of mysticism -it was a usurpation to begin with-but it does not. seem right that it should be dlsparaged and blamed for all the world's ills. A: the late Lecomte Du Nuoy, noted scientist and philosopher, said in his "Road "Lo Reason", we cannot; ask science to raise the moral level of humanity." That is not its field.

INDIAN SUIVIIVIEII

"Along the line of smoky hills, G The crimson forest stands, ' And all the day the blue-jay coll! Throughout the autumn lands.

"Now by the brook the maple leml with all his glory spread.

And all the sumachs of the hills I-lave turned their green to red. "i

"Now by great marshes wrspt ill mist. or past some river's mouth. Throughout the long, still autumn day. Wild birds are, flying south.”

-Wilfred Cnmpben

CANVAS5 FOR IKE GIFT

DENVER (CP)-Small children in the Denver neighborhood wherd President Eisenhower's mother-in law lives coliectcd 0218 in I doon to-door canvass for a birthday gil for the president and asked him to turn it over to a Republican campaign fund. President Elsem bower celebrated his (14th birthday

Nevertheless. the hope of Kan:

Thursday.

IF You

soon as possible . . . and from

ing oniltlence and poise? you? quickly by attending

For further ' t rmltioii or

ONLY KNEW

What: the Dolls Cum-glo course could do for you. you would Join I close as

patience we say this in all sincerity.

If you knew that you did not need to go through life with your mturnl ability Impaired? Would you?

If you knew that you didn't need In go through life lack- Wnuld you? If you knew you could Increase your earning power? Woulil

All these things, and many more, are possible-easily and

CHARLOTTETOWN DALE CARNEGIE CLASS NO. I

OPENING WEDNESDAY. 3 NOV. '54 at 6:30 PM.

Dr. George Fisher, '10 Longworth Avenut. Tel. 0406.

Man iivimiimvvic

MAYE! W. MuoIENZIE. (Sub-Sponlorl 06 Charles EL. Tmro. N.s. Tel. om

our ex- DALE CARNEGIE

. 'nti-ntlon pious apply;

IIYNDMAN

- TIIB Glllrdhn

g -Royal Giulia, July 21. 1840.

Get up to 81000 on sensible terms-on your own signature. Requirement: are many to meet. Fast, one day service. Call RFC today!

HOUSEHOLD muuc:

l. W. Chiihlin, Managn . no Grout George 80., who I, phone I591. CHAILOIYITOVIN. P.l.l.

Mill G0. -LIMITED

,1NsUnANcs

- Since 1872. Offlceu cnnunnnrown - smnmnsmn f HQNTAGW