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Strong Europe Believed Leadip

The following account French President Charles de Gaulle’s view of Britain. the United States and the European Common Market was written by Harold King. Reuters bureau chief In

War and widely acknowledged as one of the best-informed observ-

the French capital. King. who has met and spoken to de Gaulle many times in recent years. was one of the first ('ortt‘spond- cats to predict the general‘s return to power in I958 and has since reported daybv- day. and in depth, on the lejvolutlon of the fifth repub- c.

By HAROLD KING PARIS 'Reuterst-wls Charles de Gaulle a far-seeing states- man or merely an outmoded. stubbornly nationalstic politi- cian?

T s s the question many in continental Europe and Britain are asking in the wake of the

r e n c h president's hrusque cold-shouldcring of British bid for entry into the European Common Market at a press conference Jan. I

. k TWO weeks atlf‘t‘ the Presssuch an intention because of tion and Infigrowing opposition within Brit- tance of the five Common Mar-

conference. negotiations Brussels on the entry bid broke down in disagreement between Frence. on the one side. and its five Market partners 7* West Germany. Italy. Belgium. Hol- land and Luxembourg—on the other.

Behind France's veto of Brit- ish entry into the trade group under present terms was dc Gaulle's grand design of mid- ing a strongly-knit Europe able. to be an equal military and economic partner with the United States.

The president‘s view is that. as matters now stand. Britain's joining the Market “mild con- stitute a spearhead of extended American influence in Europe. preventing the continent from asserting itself as he would win.

Historians now must to decide whether the grand de- sign is a feasible policy and. if so. whether it is desirable. VIEWS DIFFER

Seen through French eyes. as noted by foreign observers in

Paris. the prospect of a sironflports

independent Europe is an al- tractive proposition the French people. although sharply cr‘ticized by some administra- tors and intellectuals.

Dc Gaullc is telling his peo- pic that it is not. and never has been. a question of cutting

bc lcft tr

gAi

is really this divergence of attitude about relations be- tween Europe and the United [States that made de Gaulle fi- .nally decide in favor of the in- Itcrruption of negotiations for Britain's entry e Com- lmon Market. an interruption ifarm leaders in France were ipressing for. in case. ‘ Until last fall. de Gaulle was 'more or less convinced British Prime Minister Macmillan was de great

I a k e what "the

prcparcd to Gaulle called plunge." ‘ He thought Macmillan was [prepared to bring Britain {wholly into the Common Mar- tket with hands free to link ‘-Britain's defence and foreign ipolicy to that of Europe ' stead of to the United States. But the meeting between de Gaulle and Macmillan at Ram- ;bouillet. near Paris. last .ccmber. preceded by what the French affirm was a growing rcticence on the part of the Brit- ish negotiators in Brussels. left de Gaulle with this conviction: § That either Macmillan had ‘never considered political and fdefence independence of the United States a necessary part of entering the Common' Mar- ct. or else he had abandoned

lain.

For de Gaulle. the Kennedy- Macmillan N a s s a u Polaris .agreement late in December

amounted to the surrender by ‘Britain of any future Independ- tent defence policy and automat- ically made. it impossible for the British to throw in their lot with the future Europe envis- aged in the Gaullist grand de- ‘sign. LMANY APPROVE BREAK While many French political leaders strongly disagree with de Gaulle‘s foreign policy, they nevertheless approve of the temporary breaking-off of the Common Market negotiations

tn- out

m Of De 6.? ...NAIO Nuclear Arms

the common agricultural policyi

a year ago In all these the French government ably had no

result of Britain's offer to enter the Common Market.

bers s

own common agricultural

This attitude would in ! probability have been adopted. arm or another. by anyi French government. w:th or} without de Gaullc. with or with-i a grand design in the po- litical field. is a political axiom

ent can get into a frontal

and their families and hope to‘1

w = '1 S <

OTHER PARTIES APPROVE

A Socialist National Assembly‘, member told this correspondent soon after de Gaulle's January press conference: “If.we were. in power we would have had to do the same thin ."

How decisive this farm situa- the prolonged reluc-i

ket partners to implement the: c o m m o n agricultural policyl have been in bringing about the; trade group’s current crisis cant be seen in these ways

The growing frankness with which the French press. politlv clans and cabinet ministers in private are talking about the danger to the life of the Com- mon Market if the five other members do not “come across” with their agricultural promises to France: their still unimplc- mented agreement to help the former French African nations: and a reasonable settlement on tariffs for meat. sugar. milk. rice, oilseeds and tobacco.

'vrith Britain at this stage.

For many months the organ- ized French agricultural indus- y has been pressing the gov- crnmcnt to break off the talks. unless—a near-impossible con- d'tion currently—Britain agreed to adopt from the start the ‘same form of farm protection- ism as the Common Market and agreed to deal with food im- from white Common- wealth nations accordingly.

Pressure was.

ment against Britain‘s entry from some powerful industrial groups. Faced with the ap-‘

proaching end of the expansion- 3 ist opportunities of the first.

Incidentally. ‘ also being put on the govern~.

WISECRACKING HAS REACTION

VANCOUVER (CPI—Earle Gray wisecracked himself off a plane and into the arms of the FBI in Seattle with this bit of dialogue:

Stewardess: “Would you mind moving your case. str?“

Gray: "Sure. You mean the one with the bomb in it?"

The incident occurred Wed- nesday aboard a United Air Lines plane taxiing for take- off from Seattle for Vancou- ver. It had prompt repercus-

Francc out of the Atlantic Alii~ years of the common Market“ otons.

once. but of: 1, Preparing for the day when

America‘s vital interests may the Market's common externall

lead the United States to base its nuclear defences on the North American contittent alone: and

2. Creating a European or-

ganization which can. if net-cs- sary. look after Europe's sutu vival itself and which by its strength would to any event. prova an additional force for. the Western alliance.

De G a ll 1 l e himself would laugh at the idea that his pol- icy is just the rcsult of "anti-i Americanism, '

In this policy. leading eveng tualiy to a single European gov-‘ ernment — an ultimate objec-: tive de Gaulle by no means ex-' eludes despite his objections to supranationalism in the imme- diate future as unrealistic—the.

1 co - operation of Britaini would have been welcomed byi the president.

This affirmation comes . startling to many In the Anglo- Saxon world who take it for granted de Gaulle has some personal ambitions to "rule the roost" alone in Europe.

Many talks with the president over the last, 15 years have led this correspondent to accept this affirmation as representing do Gaulle's true feeling on the subject of Britain.

HAS ONE AIM

But is. nonetheless. de Gaulle‘s conviction that you cannot build a strong independ- ent Europe unless you are sin- gle-minded about it

You cannot. be has often said. he a-good European If you sub- ordinate in advance your own

s members only In January, 1962.

these groups feared the compo-i tilion of British industry insidei

tariff.

I On the agricultural issue. the:

French government was. and! still is. in a weak and vulner- ablc position. ‘ The Common Market agree-t ment was ratified by parlia-i mcnl on the strict understand.i ing it would provide the solu- tion for France's growing prob- em of farm surpluses in wheat and meat. For France, the! Common Market treaty meant in part transferring the burden supporting French agricul- ture from the French taxpayer to the German taxpayer. Thus. the Rome treaty setting up the Market In 1957 was rati- fied by the National Assembly with the concrete agricultural settlement being left for later. The. rules for the common agricultural policy were finally agreed on the six Mark

after arduous and often acri- monious negotiations d u r i n g which the French several times had to threaten to refuse further tariff reductions according to the Rome treaty timetable. HING SOLVED

Even . the agriculture agreement was “in principle" only. It did nothing concrete to extricate the French from their farm problems.

In the negotiations with Brit- ain. the reconciliation of British and French farm Interests proved an enormous, If not In-

The stewardess headed for the pilot's cabin. the plane ‘ stopped. security police' searched Gray‘s attache case and handed him over to the FBI for questioning.

Gray, a sales and service engineer who lives in nearby

Burnaby. caught the next

plane.

“It. watt one of those

things." he. said Thursday. went

“Apparently w h a t I trough is normal procedure in such cases."

Winter Works Plan Extended Another Month

OTTAWA CPI—Extension of the municipal winter works pro- gram for an additional month.‘ to May 31, was announced. here by the labor department;

A statement by Labor Minis-‘ fer Starr said the move was in1 response to many requests from municipalities. There werei complaints that severe cold hadi delayed work on some projects. }

Under the program the fed-' eral government pays half of the payroll costs for approved municipal public works projects? designed produce employ- ment for the winter months.

Federal payments under that current year's program have been compared with' $34,500,000 at the same time last year.

superable. obstacle. But that was not .

In addition. the other five Common Market governments

nuclear defences and foreign policy to that of the United States.

were sheltering behind these ne- ‘gotlations. the French say. to postpone putting Into practice

Stock Exchange Head

Sees lhrea

CHICOUTIMI. Que. 'CP) Eric Kierans. president of the Montreal Stock xchange. said said here Social Credi ters do not understand the "dis-

.gter they can bring to Canada." icline in Canada's ability to com- . "ls...

. “I fear this movement" Mr. Klerans said. “not because it has anything to offer to the le of Quebec. as they will soon realize. but because I fear will be induced to follow magicians and pied pipers at ¥the very mom t their atten- ‘tion and decisions must directed towards the resurgence and economic expansion of our tory. ‘

"Promises of somethin .nothtng will not bring work to .our they never have nd never will."

Ir. xterm spoke at a meet- 1h of the Richelieu Service Club of money and Lake St, N the may supply as Rectal (“i-edit

W a

a

l:-

t From SC

— i spokesmen r o c o m mended on I

.tbe ground people would have tmore to spend. the actual re-

t promo-lsults would be an increase ini

iprices, costs and wages, a dc-

tpcte In the markets for its igoods. and a shutdown of indus- 'tries and unemploym n .

‘ The Canadian dollar would be ids-valued. a lance of pay- :ments crisis would occur and ithere would have to be new lausterlty measures. Import

be ‘taxes and tariffs.

He said Canadians would look ‘for a stable currency -- gold.

8 (of .United States dollars or Swiss Han

‘ francs—money would flow out of <the country and Canada would collapse Into a depression.

' ese men simply do not ireallse the magnitude of the forces they are playing with and the full measure of the disaster they can bring to Can- ada." Mr. Kierann added.

Russian Planes Watch Carriers

WASHINGTON (CP) — Four? Russian long-range reconnals-t' sauce planes flew over thai United States alrcraft. carrier Forrest-I southeast of the Azores last week. Defence Sec- retary Robert McNamara has an

nounc .

McNamara told a press con- ference that other US. carriers the north Pacific and north Atlantic also had been flown over by four - engine planes called Bears since an. 2'7 Shorter range planes have |flown over us. ships but the. dong-range visits are new.

He acknowledged that “we. periodically overfly Soviet ves-‘

3‘

He described It as a “per- ‘fectly legal operation. over in- iternational waters" and indi- -. cated the United States was not itoo concerned that the oncom- ‘ing planes might attack be- lcause they were obviously re- ! connoissance versions r a t h e r ‘ than bombers.

SENTENCE!) FOR SPYING , VIENNA tReuterst—An Aus- court Wednesday sen- ltenced Franttsek Nesvadba- :Czech. to l5 months' imprison- ment for spying for Czechoslo- vakia. The court also ordered ibis expulsion. Nesvadba. who pleaded guilty. was arrested ibefore he was able to pass on any Information to Czechoslo-

vakta. the turtle said.

{1, I

painfully agreed on more than cret any longer of the fact even do Gaulle's offer to Britain of.i circumstances. association with prob-Market instead of full member. choice except to‘ship is subject to "considerable reverse the priority which hadprogress ' .crept into the situation as thetside the Common Market. by An example of current think- cision taken g. The government concluded it'provided . was imperative that the mcm- president of the Raclcal Party hould implement theiryand a firm anti-Gaullist mem- ar- ber of the National Assembly. rangements first and deal witthe has always been a proto- British membership afterwarddganist of a supranational Eu- allirope and was cessful of France's negotiators in the Rome treaty. But Faure now has said:

future of the Common Marketl munique. "There are broad dis-'Ployed Willi candle“ “0°95 in: In his London statement Mon- inilf by the t3nd 0f the year Micussions going on about the var- rogress has been made

1 France that no French govern-{‘1’ ‘s o 1 VI n g

m ilems o. t v , duh With the 8'00 00" farmers French African states and the| I setting up of at least a modest'thought was being given to an in an interview here. on state- providing “missiles for

‘ political union.

two days from one eves-y tum The total order is no worth some 850.000,.

'12 The Guardian, Charlottetown, Sat. March 2. 1968. llkJuclear Dump

Macmillan Discusses “Canadian German Base

By DAVE McINTOSlI with their RCAF trainers night ZWEIBUECKEN. West Ger- and day outside the barbed

many (CPI—A nuclear bomb wire. dump is being built at the end Stored in the buildings—if the a

d ys. planes. Altogether. eight I uadron; will be formed and thl: job I: expected to be completed by December. CF-lot Is only some tiv. ' flying time from the Iron Curtain. Its range In some

of one runway at the RCAF Canadian government signs cr-m low - level jet bomber nuclear agreement with the set glfiklig ttagftgnvmltl: la. base her United States - would be the ‘

west's over-all target system.

Though the RCAF describes the CF-m as a strikerecon- nalssance plane. the reconnais- sance part of the task Is re. garded as limited. Cameras for the plane are on order but none has been delivered yet to the air division.

Senior officers also v say no other role than low-level bomb- Ing is possible for the RCA!

, LONDON (Reuters) —— Prime should be a consensus agreed The dump comprises several 2 - pound nuclear bombs the C0mm°nl Minister Macmillan has told on in 'advance of the circum- 8m!“ bulldlflgl surrounded by Wild! WOUld be carried by the the House of Commons re- stances In which the West might barbed Wire- M $100 eacb. the CF-lOt.

aponsihility within NATO for the have to consider using the nu- RCAF has bought 34_ German Inside the wire. I U.s. crew

police dogs which wtll patrol would maintain custody over the bombs. If use of the bombs were authorized by the U.S.. an RCAF crew would fit them in a pad hanging below the CF.104 and the U.S. crew would fuse

them.

One III-plane CF~104 squadron F404 lftlas bees1 formed and has been Licong egg” 1:: hgmgfn? 1:: y-ing e supersonic aircraft 1 - lime January and is u A plane 5 electronic innards. operational. apart from having‘ its armament. OUST

SECOND GROUP STARTED The second of the two squad-

being made firs

"‘i possible use of nuclear weapons ? clear deterrent. the alliance W011“ 059 3 de'i. Macmillan said as far as Itchl “I in h f _, y NAT as at w nth re are n m 53 , on o ow g a rie visit to ven by the OPPOSIUOU- 13tw‘hole. [32:9, conesiderauon om? pgcinig'qanadian forces in Europe as- by M8“ “cc Faun Opposition Labor Leader Har-‘the nuclear weapons under the 9‘8"“ to NATO- old ,Wllson asked Macmillan independent control of any non- He said in London that Can-

whether the question of consul- nuclear power." ada's Honest John artillery bat- tation about the use of a nu- He said there were to be dis- tery is “available for such oper- clear deterrent in the proposed cussions as to how NATO a a ational use as is determined by NATO multilateral nuclear force. whole could be more closely as- the N command." Its train-

d come up during his Nassau i sociated. ing was complete in every re- talks last December. with Presi-i —— spect. including methods of load- dent Kennedy. | OTTAWA (CPI—Honest John ing and f‘ ng. All storage fa- _= Macmillan "rd he had mm. artillery rockets could be armed I cilitles for missiles for war pur- “I will not give much for the. mg to add to the Nassau com. 1 with nuclear warheads and dc-iposes had been provided.

most suc- ATTORNEY - GENERAL

MONROVIA. Liberia (Reut. crs) — Attorney-General Joseph Chesson was relieved of his post rons to be based here has been Wednesday, it was officially an- partlally formed and now Is fly- nounced. As attorney-general. ing. It has 12 of its 18 planeaqhe was in charge of internal

Deliveries of the CF-104 to the I security. Ohesson's replacement

IGermany within two hours after 1 day_ Mr_ Churchill said um, iniious plans. but they are very? the Omerhad been Ewen- 13,""battery is available for such agricultural DI'Ob-,much at the moment In em- fence Minis”? 0’1"”th “idioperational use as is determined its relations to the ex-lbryo.‘ ' TueSdaY- ‘by the NATO command." add- RCAF Air Division In Europe came in the wake of an an- Wilson Mr. Churchill was elaboratingping that the responsibility for from the Canadair Limited as- nouncement earlier this month we - semny plant at Montreal have of a plot to assassinate Presi-

been stepped up to one every dent William Tubman.

asked whether any

’ ” lAmerican proposal that theretmcnts he made Monday in Lon-ifare” rests with NATO.

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