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PAGE 4 WEDNESDAY, SEPT. 30. 1964.

Seeking Freer Trade

Detailed bargaining under what is known as the Kennedy Round of tarriff negotiations will begin to- wards the end of the year, and Can- ada is vitally concerned in the out- come. According to Trade and Com- merce Minister Mitchell Sharp, this is a. major undertaking of a kind and dimension never before attempted. The negotiations could result in the most wide-range advance yet made in the freeing of international trade.

Addressing the annual meeting of the Canadian Chamber of Corn- merce at Winnipeg this Week, Mr. Sharp explained that for major in- dustrial nations the negotiations are to be conducted on the basis of across-the-board tariff cuts with a. minimum of exceptions. rather than on a selective product-by-product basis as in previous negotiations. The method to be employed in the negotiations on agricultural products has still to be settled, and this, he said, is proving to be one of the most difficult areas of the current negotiations.

And. surely. one of the most important. The minister was hope- ful that the arrangements would lead to an expansion of trade in agricultural products as well as in a. widening range of manufactured goods. But he warned, in effect, that freer trade must be a two-way street. that concessions must be granted for benefits received. Can- ada intends, however. to be “tough bargainers" on this score, working to secure the benefits of freer trade by “bargaining access to the Cana- dian market for better access to foreign markets. We shall be strik- ing for maximum Canadian advan- tage.” I

The Kennedy Reund is concern- ed mainly with the reduction of trade barriers between the market- economy countries of the free world. “It seems to me,” added Mr. Sharp, “that this should be complemented by renewed efforts to develop and diversify our trade in non-strategic goods with the Communist countries. They are already good customers for our grain. The Soviet Union was our biggest wheat market in the crop year just ended.”

The development of better com- mercial relationship with state- trading countries, he conceded, poses many difficult problems; but he be- lieved it is in the political as well as the economic interests of the free world to make a serious effort in that direction.

Mr. Sharp is among the staun- ehest champions of freer trade in {the Pearson government. We may expect that he will do his best to make the coming negotiations of come real benefit to our exporters.

The Case Closed

Not often in modern history, lays a Washington commentator, has there been such a “white paper" as the report of the President’s Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy—examining a national tragedy in minute detail, with experts even recreating the filial gunplay from the upper win- of the Texas achoolbook de-

‘- building, and tracing the

firstponents of the handmade paper " which Lee Harvey Oswald, the , unassisted, unconspired-with , carried his Italian-made rifle work that November 22nd in 1963. The ass-page illustrated report, by 24 volumes of testimony now becomes the V “I MfmtheUn-

and the World—the ’ at); possible clue

and auspicion has been run to ground in an effort to get the full facts on the tragic event. to prove or dis- count every fantastic rumor.

The commission found no valid evidence to show that the Soviet Government sought the assassina- tion of President Kennedy, or that Oswald had accomplices in Dallas or hired or was hired or encouraged to become a killer agent during his months in the Soviet Union or his trip to Mexico seeking a visa to Cuba. It found nothing to indicate any link between Oswald and his ‘own killer, nightclub owner Jack Ruby.

In fact. virtually all of the fab- ulous rumors and reports contain- ed in books and documents publish- ed since the Dallas tragedy are found groundless in the report.

Perhaps this is why it has oc— casioned adverse comment in some quarters. Something more sensa- tional was expected. But it is unlike- ly that the facts, if they haven’t been fully brought to light in this exhaustive analysis, will ever be known.

President Johnson, who appoint- ed the commission last November, thanked the members for their de- termination “to tell the whole truth of these terrible events.” “This is our obligation,” he said. “to the good name of the United States of Amer— ica and to all men everywhere who respect our nation, and above all to the memory of President Kennedy.”

This was underlining the fin- ality of the report and the fact that the case, officially. is closed. Except, of course, insofar as im-

plementing the recommendations for stricter security measures is concerned.

Uniform Curriculum

Reference has been made in these columns to the question of a uniform curriculum for Canadian schools. It was brought up by a. Toronto speaker at the recent con- vention of the Canadian Education Association in Winnipeg. Chiefly, however, it was discussed in a key- note speech by President Hugh Sand- erson of the University of Manitoba, who called for more provincial action to meet a growing need for some form of uniform standards across

Canada. Greater mobility of Canadians, said this authority, has creat-

ed problems in education which were not contemplated by the Fathers of Confederation. “The concept of education in their minds when they assigned education as a completely provincial problem was based on a much smaller amount of education and was designed for a country where inter-provincial movement was far less common than it is today.’

There will be few Canadians; who will not applaud this line of reasoning. Yet according to the Winnipeg Free Press, when the question of a uniform curriculum is discussd it is frequently distress- ing to find prominent educators op- posed. They give a number of rea- sons of their opposition. but. fore- most among them is the claim that uniformity of curriculum will pre- vent experimentation and halt pro- gress.

Surely it is the other way about, unless indeed these pundits inter- pret uniformity to mean rigidity, which is another matter entirely.

He Forgot!

Of course, he has had a lot of things on his mind lately, but British electors are getting a big laugh at Prime Minister Douglas- Home’s admission, the other day, that he had neglected the one thing needful to enable him to vote in the general election in which he hopes to be returned to office next month. He had forgotten to register!

The Conservative leader said that amid all the complications of renouncing his title as the 14th Earl of Home to run for a seat in the House of Commons last November, he had overlooked the opportunity of casting his vote as a commoner.

As a. peer he had no parliament- ary vote. But he acquired the right to cast a. ballot when he resigned his peerage to seek a seat in the Commons so that he could succeed Prime Minister Harold Macmillan, who resigned. It just slipped his mind to register as a voter. Now it's too late for him to qualify for the exercise of his franchise on this oc- casion. Wouldn’t it be ironic if. in his constituency, there should be a tie —’ ‘

' a] consensus that has prevailed

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UNTIL I967 TO RUN

NORAD Agreement Becoming Ouimoded

The North American Air De- l command of the major defen-

rfence Command agreement be- tween Canada and the United; States has until 1967 to run. Al- ' ready there is talk in Ottawa. that when he agreement expir- 1 es it will not be renewed. The i reason is that the agreement is; becoming outmoded as the l threat it was designed to meet ‘ diminishes. The threat was that, of an attack on this continent! by manned bombers: this ha been largely replaced by the l

threat of intercontinental mis-l

siles.

The establishment of NORAD; in 1957 as a joint Operational i command for the air defence of i North America was necessary l at the time. If it had not eidsted. i; it would have been necessary, ‘ in event of an enemy air attack. to place the RCAF under the

What Is

Robert Payne in the New York Times Magazine

A flag is a pathetically im- permanent strip of dyed cloth, which withers to ribbons after a few days in a high wind. It looks simple but is in fact ex- tremely complex. Each flag contains a multitude of ideas. of histories. of attitudes.

A national flag is the supreme totem around which the clans gather in times of danger or celebration. but it is much more than a totem. It represents the continuity of a people. their common purpose. their tradi- tions. their way of looking at the world, their defiance against their enemies, but this is only the beginning.

The flag covering a presi- dent‘s coffin is subtly different from the flag waved by a child as he follows a brass band. The flag that stands beside the

9 1 effective role in defence plan-

: SITUATION CHANGED

judge‘s bench is not quite the same as the flag in the banking

Winnipeg Free Press

swe force on the continent—the _ United States Air Force.

This would have led to confus- 1 ion and vital decisions would have led to confusion and vital ‘ decisions would have had to be made by American command- ers, without consulting Canada. . joint operational command not only was more efficient. but also gave this country a more

ning operations.

Now. hou'ever. the situation has changd. When manned bombers were the main threat. what the United States needed for its defence was the use of

NG FUN BUT ME”

Canadian territory and air space. In Canada, radar and de- tection systems Were set up to

A Flog?

house; it serves another pur- pose.

The uses of the flag are vari- ous, and it is in the nature of things that the flag should ac- quire different meanings ac- cording to its usage.

Essentially a flag is a solemn mystery; the dead are present in it as well as the living.

We are made obscurer aware of the mystery when the flag is slowly lowered at dusk. Why slowly. since it is raised brisk.y at dawn? Why this ceremony before nightfall. if it is not that the flag is lowered reluctantly. being in love with the freedom of daylight and hating the

k‘)

It is as though a flag were a living and breathing thing, free as the air and very mortal. Sad-

ly it comes down at nightfall, triumphantly it rises at dawn.

Goldwater And Poverty

New York Times

The essence of Senator Gold- water‘s quarrel with the nation-

for three decades in basic ap- proach to domestic policy is re- flected in his attack on the Ad- ministration's antipoverty pro- gram. His conviction appears to be that most of the poor are to blame for their own low estate and that all the apparatus of the welfare state is designed to rob the industrious to fatten the drones.

He is careful, of course. to emphasize that he has a “deep concern" about poverty and that he. believes unreservedly in " society of compassion." Yet he mocks as beyond the dreams of avarice of most of the world's people the cut-off point of $3.000 a year the Administration has set to represent the dividing line

b

a

between poverty and a decen standard of living for American

families I

And he adds to the callousncse of his analysis of the poverty

Moby

The Society for the Preven- tion of Cruelty to Animals is sometimes diffic n It to under- stand. It passes moral judg- ments on others with an ease that they're arrived at by int- uition rather than reason. asked that Vancouv- er's killer whale be set free.

Now it protests feeding Maby Doll live tiah.

Just what would the SPCA ex- pect Moby Doll to eat if she were set free? Dead or pain. lessly killed tleh'.’ F ound

ere? Pm by whom?

The two protests taken toga- tber hardly make aense.

A good do al of meaningless

eentlmentallty has been woef- vedmuobyDaIl.

problem by a particularly grace- less reference to “apes” piling up coconuts for other “apes” too lazy to do anything for themsel- ves. The standard made-imMoa- cow label is appended to the whole anti— poverty program, and it is cast into outer darkness as a “worthless nostrum." There are valid criticism to be made of the Johnson plan to eradicate poverty, principally on the basis of its inadequacy— an inadequacy that will be made worse if Congress approves the House Appropriations Commit- tee‘s recommendation for a cut of nearly $200 millions in the in- itlal allocation of funds. But it is senseless to suggest that then is no need for Federal action to assist in giving all our citizens.— and especially our youth—a opportunity to participate in a society that each year can pro- duce more and more with fewer and fewer people directly em- ployed in field and factory.

Doll’s Diet

encouver Sun

The killer whale goes by ae- veral other names. of them is “the tiger of the acne." It is probably one of the moat feroc- ious and destructive animals in the world.

One dead killer when dia- sected was found to contain the remains of 13 porpotaea and 14 seals, all swallowed alive and smothered by the corrosive gastric julcu of the whole.

Moby Doll'a deity diet in freedom would be mote than a few live codflah.

give warning of attack in time for US. civilian defence to take . over: and fighter interceptor i_ aircraft were based on Canad-l

‘ ian soil to knock down attackers ‘

the

But the day of the manned bomber is passinc (as the digit this week of the XB-70A appears to conflrml. The United States has equipped itself with retalia- tory missiles. all on American soil. It is developing new sys- tems of radar that can see over the horizon, thereby eliminating the need for northern warning systems now based in Canada.

The need for NORAD in its present form is ending; and un- , less Canada is prepared to get‘ into the costly business of de- fence against space missiles. the agreement seems unlikely to be renewed.

FUTURE CO-OPERATION

This does not necessarily mean. however,—-nor should it be allowed to lead fo— the end of co- operation in this aspect of defence. On the contrary,

should lead to a broadening of l

fore they could reach

Age Brings Freedom

By Dr. Theodore R. Van Dene-

Mra. RH. writes: "Age has brought me freedom. Now at 12. I don't have to apply garish

my ace orhave my hair tinted. I can.

wear wedgles instead of high heels, even to the opera. I can coonskln coat. I don't have to entertain elaborately, which free om the chore of cleaning the silver and crystal. I don't have to try to impress anybody. Yes— old age is free-

dom.

I believe oldsterc should be allowed to live the way they want to, so long as they are not harming themselves or others. We all have our mild eccentric- ities and e we leave the competitive life, why not indul- ge them?

Mrs. EM. writes: "When I read your article on pre- birth cries, I had to write you. Four years ago. when I was 8% mon- ths pre out with my son, just as I got into bed one night and pulled up the covers, I heard my baby cry. I sat up. terrified. and I heard it again, clearly and dia- tinctly. The next morning I call- ed my doctor, who said it: was impossible. My farn y d friends would not believe me. To this day, no one can tell me that baby didn’t cry. Before reading your article, I never had heard anyone say they heard an unborn baby cry so I didn't pursue it. Thank you for relieving my mind."

Most physicians are of the op- inion that an unburn child can~ not cry unless there is air in the lungs. No air. no vibration of‘lhe vocal cords. no cry. 0n the oth- er hand, many sounds originate in the bdomen, mainly from the gastrointestinal tract. Some of these noises could be mistak- en for the cry of a baby.

We suspect some readers of pulling our leg. After the ap- pearance of an article headed “Don't Abuse the Nose," 8 W11- mington, 0., man wrote

.“I have been playing the piano with my nose for several years, with no ill effects as yet.

on't use my nose all the time —just for certain numbers, such as the Sheik of Araby. At pres- ent I’m working on one of Liszts Hungarian Rhapsodies. I be- lieve you are right about con- gestion. especially in the more difficult compositions. I also teach nasal playing to my young students. They love it."

KICKTNG MATE

Mrs. W..l. writes: In his sleep my husband kicks his legs very hard— like a mule. le g swings from the k n e e , then there is a pause of about 10 sec- onds, and he repeats the kick. This continues quite a while. it is not good to be in the way of the kick but I am concerned as to why. Could you explain?

REPLY

This is normal -— provided he is not having a convulsion. You need twin beds.

TODAY’S HEALTH HINT—

Eat less when tired.

NOTES BY

THE WAYfi

These h only one beam child in the world and every mo- ther has, it.— nrandon Suun.

Aa Oxford professes- says nearly 1.000.000 different kinda of insects are recent by en- tomologist. After a rain it loo like more.— Ottawa Journal.

A neighbor hopped in at the was new 's house and found the bride in to

“What's wrong, dear?" she ask- ed. “I made a cake for John," said the unhappy bride. “and I put it in the refrigerator an hour ago— and there isn't a bit of heating on lt."—Galt Reporter.

parents drive them to school every day.— Wllllam Times-Journal.

A doctor, who was a Sunday School S tandem. one Sun- day asked a class of young boys; “What must we do to get to Heaven?" Little Willie raised his hands. “We must die." ans. wered Willie. “Very true." the doctor. “but isn’t there something we must do before we die?" “Yes,” said W l l l l ex “we must get sick and send for

locks Fort

you."—-Montreal Star.

Horse lured“th Days

The countryman is not a mu-

tan and is not competent assess political goings-on. But there are times when he reads the paper at wishes our leaders had been brought up in the country and understood the principles of horse trading.

When two good men met in the farm shop on a rainy day and one casually mentioned to the other that he might be able

horse the second man always observed the men- ltles and asked first about the man’s amll .