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_ - the B. (i.

PAGE roux . TIiE ciiiiiiiorirrowii iiuiiiniiii

Morning Daily (Founded in 188'!) Authorized as Second Class Mail. Poat Office Department. Ottawa

President: W. P‘ ter S. McLui-e, MJ’.

» lbs-President: J. B. Burnett FJJ. . Secretaiy; lteul Col. l). A Maoliinuon, 0.8.0. lditoi and aim Director: l It. Burnett. FJJ. Associate Editors: Frank Walker and '

Ian A. Burnett

l'he Guardian may no ihtaiued at: lluh inoacco Shop. Mona-ion, N. B. The News Shop, Monet-m, N. B. George McLean, Futon N S.

Walker's While Spot. ll Salter Sh, Halifax, NJ. Metropolitan Ne!» Agency, i148 Peel St», Montreal. United Cigar Stores. Chateau Lourier, Ottawa Out.

B- Aitklm. lflfd 1518111‘: tlotet. Ottawa, Ont.

J. Fine. 354 Bay St., Toronto. Ont. Wolfe's News Stand Sotihury. Ont.

Did South News. Cor. Milk and Washington Sta,

Boston 5111111118’! News Agency, Times Building, New York.

“The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink.”

SATURDAY. MARCH 30. 1946.

Farm Labor the Big Problem

Laibor Kister Mitchell has made his a“. 1111111 appeal to former tarni workers who have bee“ 103511112 Or doing other lumber work d-ur- 111$ tlie winter to rcttirn to farms once hush “P114 >111P5-,M01‘c than a simplc request, or a P111115 110W. I! 140mg to be required to get the lililllltcr of lncn ii('CLl€(l on farms back to them this seasml.

l b31111 131701» 550's the Ollatva Journal, is ‘tie citix 0f the whole food production prob- cm m Canada this year—tliat is, next to we,” U181‘. “lllch is always the dominant factor in farm operations. .\[ore than any other one actor lack of labor is discouraging farmers from planning any‘ big increase in crops or live 51°¢1~1 DOY-cns of farms in the Ottawa area are for sale by older farmers, who state fi-aflk. ly that if they" could get labor they would qon- tinue. The worst feature of this is that all too often such farms are among the best in the dis. trict, operated by older men who have made "1016 0T 11155 01 a success 0f their operations.

Organized agriculture so far has been un- 111113 1° 011" i111)’ adequate remedy for the 511111t1011- The experts cannot see where farm- eis can compete iii either hours 0f work or wages uiidcr prevailing conditions and fixed prices for most farm products. They point out that both wages and conditions have improved on the vast majority of farms in recent years, but still not enough t0 attract workers in any appreciable quantity.

In the West, where hog output declined by over a_third last year, and a further reduction u prechcted, farmers frankly state that inability to obtain help was the chief cause. About the name is true of many eastern farms and, un- lees some remedy is forthcoming, it is sug- Kflctcd that not only hogs but milk production will suffer this year.

It is difficult to see a solution. Men can- _not be forced to work wlhere they don't waiiit to work. Most farmers claim that the situation sanctum-today than during the war years.

i: C: Nutritional Survey

A unique nutritional survey, devised from §W° YUFS’ study of the best features of sini- 1131' §urveys 111 tilt United btates and Britain has just been completed in the British Colum. bia. centres of Vancouver, Nanaimo, Vet-non, Prince ‘George and Abbotsford. Proved suc- “551111 11'1 15- b. t11¢$€ Survey methods now are Qxpficted to be used to help raise health stand- ards in other provinces.

The methods are the brain-children 0f Dr. L- B- 1011. cliiefcf the Health and \Velfare De- partments Nutrition Division, zind l)r, F, W, llanlcy, _tlic division's “medical officer.

Designed to’ help find those sections of Uic Population needing impioverl nutrition, lillcfC ivill probabkv he work in the areas covered liy ll for some years through instruction of individ- uals examined and through pre-natal, well- babv zmtl child clinics to improve health Stand- lrtls. _

U1 1116 1.300 school children lietwccn six and 10 who were examined, the investigating team tried to pick out approximately 10o in each school in order to get a rflpfcgentativ cross-section. _

131311118 the six-neck intensive began, mucli

a

campaign

l>1‘_cliiiiiiiiii‘y work ivas doiic by

Provincial Board of llcalth. the lifctroptilinm llcziltli Unit of Vancouver and the Red‘ Cross.

_\Vorhers of these agendas not the co-op- Llfailflll of each child's parents to kccp a chart pf his mciiii for a wcck. The child himself ifillcd out a weekly record of the kinds of food Qhe hie, at menltinic and in snacks, but did not

"firccp track of the finality, since it was felt this ‘plight be an unreliable record at best.

,5 Results of the charts were tabulated and gmeasured by the yardstick of Canada's Food uiea. _in general there was a shortage of vege- Vbles ‘other than potatoes revealed and whole- in_ cereals and cod liver oil were also found Q9 beeatep in insufficient quantities.

vAfter this work was done t-lie Nutrition

Uvisiolfr team arrived to do t-hennain work the‘ survey on the invitation 0i the B. C.

_ t. t ‘was, hfided by Dr. l forth; first three weeks and by Dr. for ‘lite-latter half and“ also inducted a

p lefMiss E M. Peridns, midi laboratory‘ l fibflil-‘bilEflQfltlflip 1 albinism

claimant

wow . . on w:

1am made s mid note ‘tortilla 1a..

min-a.‘

it was further analyzed for vitamin C and pm- ttin content. _

-EDIIURIAL NUGItS-

Lord ‘iliwfifitlfilltilf appointed tjUvt-yiiu} General lliis date 1935.. 1i 1i i

..;\ lilyiilpp‘ hearing that ships [snug], U“: sea is not likely to take a cartload t-l seed to his nearest port and set abunrsouing their ivattiy wakes iiitli wlicat. But iii lt-ss simple sitnzitioiis, thuilogitxil, for example, people coii- tinnzillyt commit almost cqtial f0llit\"_ “ma. (.oi_nniziiid~ei~ C. ti.’ l"i‘,\'» iii the llLiC overseas series ‘A: 1 bra 1t "). I1

a , n- u- 1

“It would 11¢ 11111111111, lit this moment," says London Dispatch, "to remind the 5QQiali§t gov- eminent of its promises 0f a happier world ii 9111)’ the country voted SOCIHlIsh-flillc govern- ment is undoubtedly up against difficulties Over ivhich it has in many respects no control. These difficulties might inevitably have had" to be faced by any government WlilCll the country voted into power. But the shock to many voters \\'ill be all the greater by reason of thg glowing promises that were dangled before them. And not the least liilllélppy'pift of 11115 (115C1°5urc 0t a new peacetime privation is the way in which it was departmentally launch- ed. \\itli no apology or explanation other than the lact that we are nationally hard up_ ivliicli we already kne\v—tlie huuseivife is abruptly told that she can no longer count upon 111$? 111ml 98R‘- We are not told why the other things we buy with dollars could not have been sacrificed first.”

x

#101111

A halt should be called to all big expendi- tures of an engineering nature, according t0 a letter by Mr. Allan Arthur, M. I. C. E., M. I. E., to Glasgow Chamber of Commerce, He said that should atomic energy develop, as aii- ticipated, within a reasonable time, the vast undertakings contemplated under the Hydro- Electric Development (Scotland) Act would be of little value. Mr. Ariihur said about £200,- o00,o00 would probably be spcnt before all the many projected schemes were completed, the bulk of the labour on which would be Irish. or German prisoners. He was of opinion that the whole of Scottish needs could be met by moder- ate schemes at a. much reduced cost. The works contemplated would have an adverse effect on Highland scenery, WlliOll would affect tilie tour- ist traffic. Mr. Arthur attended a. meeting of the Home Affairs Committee and amplified the statements in his letter. The Chamber de- cided on Monday to place the matter before the Central Committee of Scottish Chambers.

101 1i‘ 1i 1t!

The Federal Government has decided to retur-n to peacetime procedure and have all expenditures covered by estimates. During the war military expenditures ivere provided for by war appropriation bills and the estimates were confined to civil expenditures. The main esti- mates- for next year, t0 be brought down in the Commons; as soon as the debate on the Throne Speech isconcluded, therefore are likely to be the largest of their kind in Canadian history. 'l‘l1ey ivill include what was covered last ses- ‘sion by both the estimates and the war and de- mobilization appropriation bill. The main esti- mates last session totalled $i,o23,621,597 and the appropriation bill, less mutual aid expendi- tures, were $2,86o,683,000. 'l‘liis made a grand total of $3,884,3o4,597. 'l‘lie estimates for i94('i-47 are expected t0 be somewhat lower than that total, but they likely will not be great. There will be no mutual aid, but instead loans to United Kingdom and other countries \vil be made legal by separate bills.

* w a- n-

Britaiirs post-war industry’ is liciiig helpcd considerably by the development of the science of llotizm Study which made great progress during \\'orld \\’;ir_ll. \\‘lieii Sh‘ Stafford Cripps became Britain's hlinisiei‘ of Aircraft Production during the war. he set up a l-‘ro- ductiun Efficiency Board and tipcnctl a train- ing centre for the pursuit 0f this branch of Science. Sir Stafford has explained recently that Motion Study is the “application of scien- tific methods to human movement, and its ob- jective is to lighten the \\'Ol‘l\' of an operative in doing a particular job by fiiitliiig out how that job can be done with the greatest convenience and the least fatigue." Watching operatives at work, a lvlotiou Study engineer has photographs taken at regular intervals to iiicasurc the iii- creaso 0f the w0rkers' skill nftcr they have been shown how to do jobs the right way. lii one industrial operation, output has been raised 300 per cent by the use 0f the new methods. l\l0- tion Study is making the production of world- ‘faiiions British goods stcadiei‘, (iilflllfv 111011 precise and delivery dates more reliable.

v a at in

“You all know, of course, that fishes have no eyelids. Not llciiig able to close their eyes, do they ever sleep?" That poser was‘ put, the other day, by Mr. Henry Maurice, Presi- dent of the London Zoo, to young listeners t0 “Radio Roundabout", a BBC mafiazliw 91°" gramme for English-speaking children in India. Some fish, he told his hearers, are more active by night than by day, and can see where humans could not see at all. As to those which are fully active by day, whether they fall at night into some state of unconsciousness which, if it is not sieepfis something very like it, cannot be said for certain. But Mr. Mamice thought that tsomb experiments carried ‘out in the Zoo Aquar- ‘liuirsnggest thinfish-do-sieep. Tiie observer went intothe Aquarium in pitch darkness. Sud‘. deftly he flashed a stroviitgjktorch

w Some lttindl‘ were psi-fail! mid-water‘, others jug the your mime, retinas, with tbdqfi.

on the fantasies-titty" :' ,1 " . WWII-bile

1 11 £‘-—~— c.il.é.1i.1.-fQ.1_T.iiI.Q-w" jiilikfik-‘N.

Notes By The Wag.

e

The ackpot was introduced In o-ker uring the 1810' . says The uisvllle Times. The purpose was to force cautious players to come in and bet, whether they had strong

hands or not,

Science unto says that the earth travels 1.539.000 miles a day, or 583370.000 miles a yéai‘. in its jour- ney around the sun. This must be very discouraging to the aviators

GOO-odd miles per hour. --‘Strzit-

ford Beacon-Herald. Folks can't eat money, or wear it. Crops is what they eat and clothes is what they wear and automobiles the ride ln. Dollars are the most use ess things in the world unless they represent something 1- and that something is the result of a lot of straight thinking and hard work. - Detroit Free as.

For a man with an income of over a year, the United King- dom income tax department has a simple four-page form To offer its prospective victim. The United States has an encouraging single page. But the Canadian National Revenue Department confronts the dismayed taxpayer with six solid pages of the most diabolically- contrived series of cross-references that the mind of a bureaucrat ever conceived. Why? —Ottawa Citizen.

Dr. G. M. Weir, Brltllh Columbia Minister of Education, has ex- pressed the fear that sex educa- tion in the schools might “do mcme harm than good" if taught by those with "sensational or sensual tendencies." Maybe so. But what gives Dr. Weir the idea that his teachers are that way inclined? And in any case, the children are Ret- tirig "sex education" now-mostly the wrong kind and the wrong way. —Brantford Eixpositflr.

Tho British Civil Service has been the butt of many Jokes, but it still retains its ability to laugh at itself. A government publication recently carried the story of a pa- triotic government employee who offered his spare time to a farm- er. Pleased to get the help, the farmer put him to work sorting potatoes. He returned later to find the civil servant etting on very slowly, and. in obv ons difficulties. With a distracted look he told the farmer: "I'll dig as many fields as you like, but this making decisions is killing meP-Comwali Stand- aid-Freeholder.

United Kingdom manufacturers are turning out a series of,aircraft parts from ordinary paper, reports the technical journal, Aeronautics. They include undecarriage fniririgs, wing tips, air intakes, hot air heat- ing ducts, instrument covers and numerous accessories. The parts are being used extensively by_the R. A. F. The material is a specially milled paper which, _in conjuncv titm with certain adhesives, is pack- gli layer on layer on formers of wood or plaster. After drying, the component ,which ls known as Py- tram, is sanded to a smooth finish and covered with fabrics.

Newcomers surprise ua _in’ 11W way they get ahead of us in these com ratively new countries, which we nziiy assume do not offer op- portunities. Many, many immigrants have risen high in the nations over here because they not alone recognized opportunities, but seized them and worked on to others. There are chances for everybody over here still, and we do leave lots of them to newcomers while we worry about what the Govern- ment is going to do for our future and let some agitalorsmakc us believe we are underprivileged and exploited by some capitalists or evil bankers or whatnot.

In my boyhood days on a Min- nesota farm, a neighbor used to claim that his hay was better be- cause he never cut it in the fore- noon, so we called him crazy, Hilton Ira Jones writes in The Rntariari. Now comes Cornell University sci- entists with a declaration which indicates that he was right. Finw- ers too, they sax will last some 10 hours longer 1 cut about 4 .m. than if cut in the morning. he reason appears to be that plant leaves make sugar only when the sun shines and the hiizher tho -u;:

ai- content, the hcliri they keep. This likely explains why riuif n", stoma in a dilute mum‘ solution

tends to keep flowers from vill-

in;

\

In India ii story is told iiimiii n conscientious American officer who undertook to find a solution-hi" the Indian problem. He read hngks and clipped news-papers and inter- viewed representatives of the var- ious nationalist movements. After four months his face had grown wan and his hands trembled. One night his roommate was awaken- ed by terrified shrlcks. “Don't! Don't! You can't do this lo us! We wnn‘t take it! You can have y/c-ui" loan Interest-free! Anythiniz! But not that! Not that!" “You hnd quite a nlghtmnrolast, night,“ this companion remarked in the morn- ing. "Yeah." gruntcd the hurl-ant. “I dreamed-J’ he choked. "I iii-cam- ed that the Brlilsh had given us India." -The Nation.

When a mother has achieved what should bc years oi discretion, but nevertheless persists i.n non- dnct which brings shame and con- tempt upon her grown-up chil- dren, some means of correction must be found and spunkin iy does the t": ck. If a mot er per- sists in temper. tantrums, or asking interminable and seemingly

ointless questions, or in interfer- ng between her child andnls mar- ried pertner a good spanking ir indicated‘. If a mother tyrannizea over a grown-up child, threaten- ing It with her displeasure if it stays ulp late, or marries uiainat her wt , the child has only one course-the mother must be spank- ed, even tliouih it hurts the child more than it hurta the mother’- Pewrborough Examiner.

'5

There la lu neither time not practical purpose i ltllll looks.

waist-long

who have only been able to hit f1

PUBLIC FORUM, this column in open to‘ the diaoulalou‘ by were upoudanta of questions e! interest. The Charlottetown Guardian does not ueeeelar ily endo the opinion oi oo-reapoudouta.

A PROSPECTIVE INDUSTRY FOR PRINCE EDWARD ISLAISP

Sin-Sometime since I obtained "om a P. E. I. tanner a sample of which I have

ll red-colored shale

. had analysed and oispwisd verv penaes

thoroughly It works admirably ar-ri takes extra form and is quite hard when bunned. It la very doubtful. however, whether the amount the de sit on my friends farm would sufficient to warrant the‘ preliminary e rises cormeoted with the ormat._an of u company. the purchase of’ machine . o. My object, therefore. in asking you to insert, this letter is to discover if possible whether there are other simiiiar deposits in Prince Edward island which might be worked Y combining same Wltiih tilflt 91 friend. 1 should be iziad w he“ from anyone having information reiiardtuizirthis matter.

I “m 5 ' e “n. x. s. unmmnvo Box 127

Charlottetown

60 Alcoholics v s“ 1- are" 1" ""'"""

the friritlea ofhfhe“ riilldixciwxrioihegfi-e and nigh‘;- clnb district. 50m" 60 men W882,‘ women meet regularlv “went 50w to ritgiss ‘tin-v fine no s o lety. n. 1E. {st blii» lnterciseiedorlfl 11 . D v ‘dis (sit iredndislcl ideal. They cerncd solely B1111 111191111911 W1 how to keep themselves sglbiae w A year B80. nearly all T were uncontrollable alcoholics. 0- day thev are still alcoholics. 101' 11° one who becomes a m 1

are 0011-

"Cllffid" 01' htavie giscogegrelcli 110W

ter D50 - . f 945. irtuallY In mid March o 1 V of m: o

oontro

l1 were in advanced stages disease of alcoholism. Instead attending meetinivi 0X1 511191151" "1' any other serious subject. they were stages of thorough-So- ntag; kept. them away from their homes and their “IIOJW gm- dgyg or even weeks at a 8- Now they have found not, only hovi to shake off the control of B-iilfglube over their livesbut also how. W keeping sober. TD el1~l°Y 111° 1n 5 way they never 11118811196 908811119 -even at their most inspired Peak! i to l tion. - “Tiiieyxiiiive done so thronfih i118 uriiique. atmaéinkly y Sgfiessgyitxg-Eg - ua n s s gfilllgiemlbhylllglls, of which they form the Montreal group. This week marks the completion of the group's first vein‘ since 1i ained sufficient size and 018811- zed momentum to beBin meetinl in downtown quarters, centrally lo- cated for the convenience oi a growing membership from vflrlcus parts of the city. Prior to that the gran had less than half a dozen mam rs, and met informally 111 a member's house. The quarters where thev now meet. including s. small hall and faculties for Dre- paring refreshments t-notli i n! stronger than coffee), were put at their disposal through the interest

tng benders

and nenerosity of a ieadiri! com- munity organization. The founding member of the

group joined A.A. and broke the grin of alcohol in the hard way- bv correspondence with New York headquarters of the movement and self-animation of the rules. Sub- sequent members have benefited from the experience and constant help of already “drv members." To- day the group has grown so large that, it has split into two sections to facilitate its activities and w Dre- serve the informal intimacy o! meetings. Boon a third section will be established.‘

Every member of the Montreal

A A ilronp is, of course. an alco- holic since chronic and excessive drinking is a prime requisite for admission and AA exists solely to help alcoholics to become ab- stainers. Membership includes both mm’ and women. ranging in age from the earlv 20's to into middle nut‘. Tiirrc nrc English-speaking and Frriich-siwnkinu members. and supporters of all shades oi religious belief. and disbelief. As the membership has been built up gradually, some of the members are comparatively new and have not yet entirely made the grade to become completely and permanently "dry." It has been the experience of the movement on this continent-there are now over 25.000 members in the United States and Qanada-that. the Alcoholics Anonymous plan Ls not infallible.

In the oversize group. about 50 per cent o; those who loin succeed in conquering their alcoholic urges right. frctn the start. Another 25 per cent eventually achieve regular sobriety after one or more a] from grace. The remaining 25 per cent fall in the effort, sometimes lipcause of psychiatric quirks in their alcoholism, sometimes cause they never had a genuine cle- sirc _in the first place to break the domination of liquor.

The record of the Montreal group conforms verywioselv m this gm. erai experience. Close to 30 mem- bers of about 50 percent. of the group have not had an alcoholic drink of anv kind for anywhere from 81X to l0 months. Another l0 to 15 have “sllnnetv several times in the 1 t year or have been n the group less than six months, e aece ted trial period. The dei- ave "fallen or; the wason" so