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PAGE 4

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Junan Ifrlnou Ilium Illan Lin Ibo (hr

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Dragging His Feel

Mr. John Foster Dulles has turn- ed his indignation, at least tempor- arily. from Prime Minister Beli- Surion of Israel to President Nasser 3f Egypt. Belatedly, he seems to wave discovered that the Egyptian iictator is ”tlragging his feet" in the hatter of authorizing the opening of the Suez Canal to traffic. Just why it has taken him so long to arrive at this opinion is difficult to under- stand. Certainly. Nasser has made no secret of his view that the water- way is his own private property to do as he likes with. V

Doubtlcss, it would be 'extreme folly for anyone else to rush into a field of prophecy where the "wisest man in the world" (to quote Presi- dent Eisenhower's description of lilr.

Dulles) fears to tread. But judging the situation solely by former events and by Nasser's oft-repeated view, one feels like suggesting that Iiir. Dullcs' "hope" that the canal will be

and free political institutions. ex- panding educational facilities and health services, will be a fine ad- vertisement for the free way of life in a region that is besiged on all sides by the cunning emissaries of the Soviet-sponsored Communist con- splracy.

Atomic Rivalry

It is only a matter of a few years ago that the United States had a virtual monopoly of atomic secrets. At that time all British requests for sharing of the benefits of research were turned down in Washington. Tire excuse was that information conveyed to London might possibly find its way to Moscow. The real reason, of course, was that the i'nited States wanted to be in a position to control the entire field of atomic development.

Well. in the intervening period the Russians, according to all re- ports, have caught up with the Americans, and the British appear to have surpassed both the Ameri- cans and the Russians in certain re- spects. Now that supremacy is in process of changing hands, members

of the l'nited States Atomic Energy Commission are displeased about what they call Britain's "hesitation" in the matter of exchanging infor- mation. One official is quoted as saying "we hope our British friends will be completely open with us in giving us information concerning

opened in the next two or three weeks is a piece of wishful thinking within the fanciful confines of a mental mirage. A more reasonable supposition is that the canal will not be opened at all unless and until Nasser's right to unconditional con- trol and disposition of the waterway is recognized by all concerned. And if by some unexpected diplomatic twist this little difficulty can be overcome, there is not the slightest evidence on which to base Mr. Dul- les' "assurance" that Israel will be allowed to use the canal and the Aqaba Gulf. The fact that a small number. of UN. troops will be placed in the latter area "for the time be- lnE!" (to quote Secretary-General Hammarskjold) in cans nothing at all. since under present rules they will be obliged to leave whenever Nasser gives the word; and it seems likely that he will give the word immediately the last Israeli soldier has departed.

Nasser is reported to be jubilant at what he calls his "great victory". He has good reason for feeling that way. Up to now-and there is no reason to suppose that things will be different in the near future-he has managed to bend the U.S. State De- partment to his will. He can drag his feet with perfect contentment, for all that Mr. Dulles-under present procedures, that is-can do to inter- fere with that pastime.

Birth Oi A Nation

Amid much pomp and ceremony, including the drum beating of the witch doctors, 21 new Commonwealth nation has come to birth. Ghana is made up of the Gold Coast. Ashanti, the Northern Territories and Togo- land. all of which have been under the benevolent suzerainty of Britain. With an area almost as large as the l'riited Kingdom itself. it has a popu- lation of approximately 4”; millions. of whom all but a few thousands are African Negroes. This fact is the most distinctive feature of the new nation. For the first time in Com- monwealth history an all-Negro stats- has assumed sovereignty on equal terms with the other members. It is interesting to note. however, that in the present Cabinet there is one white minister, an Englishman who holds the important post of Minister of Communications.

Perhaps there never was a more difficult time for a people to set out on the path of sovereignty. And the fact that Ghana is predominantly Negro and is a part of the African Continent makes the transition more difficult still. It has even been sug- ielted that the outcome of the

technological advances in reactor de- velopment." He seems to be especi- ally anxious to find out the secret of a gas-cooled reactor which only the British possess; and he suggested that in exchange for this secret the United States would be willing to give the British information on the design and operation of the atomic submarine Nautilus. which. incident- ally, the British requested more than a year ago.

It is highly probable that British scientists already know everything they need to know about the Naut- ilus and perhaps a few eritra points in atomic submarine construction which the Americans have not yet discovered. In any event, it is clear that Britain has gone ahead of the United States in atomic development, especially in the industrial field. No one can blame them for taking their time about sharing whatever secrets they have with a nation which hith- erto, when Britain was trying to catch up, kept its own counsel.

EDITORIAL NOTES

It will be good news to the muni- cipalities that the House of Com- mons has finally approved the gov- ernment bill providing payment of the equivalent of full municipal taxes on Federal property.

0 O 0

At long last, Canada has agreed to n deferment of the 1956 interest payment owing on its post-war loan to Britain. There was no need for unnecessary red tape in this matter, in which Canadians generally are of one mind.

I O O

Canada raises enough potatoes of good quality to make it unnecessary to import dyed ones from Nebraska or anywhere else. The Federal De- Dartment of Agriculture is to be commended for clamping down on

the practice before it had time to get well under way. 0 O I

"wh" W0Uld tzive paved roads precedence over the advances of the mind?" asks A member of the Pro- vincial Legislature. An intensive sur- VFY would probably reveal that a

great many persons belong to that category. I O 0

Like all other public servants, SHOW lllow operators come in for criticism from time to time. Theirs is not-In easy task, however; and, on the whole, considering the diffi- culties they encounter, they carry it out well with as little inconveni- ence to the public as is unavoidable.

O l I

The Minister of Agriculture, Hon. Mr. Cullen, has given warning to violators of the Plant Disease Act and the Potato Protection Act that they will be prosecuted to the full extent of the law. His statement in

:r.&l.Q1ldIturewllLltistobehoped.

a good ream in mauwirie of disease is absolutely

srianiici; is coMn-to

OTTAWA REPORT

CDC. F. Leadership

By Patrick Nicholson

Ottawa: When CC F. leader hi. J. ('uldwell suffered a heart It- tack last week. he set specula- timt and constradiclton buzzing around the parliantenl building.

The uniyersally-respected lead- er suffered in i i ll coronary thrombosis in his office. Five years ago. when he was 63. he had a similar 'ttack. Now he is real- ing in hospital. where he is ex- pected to spend at least two weeks. it is not likely that he will be able to return to Parliament be- fore llte end of the month.

Speculation about Mr. Coldwell's successor. as leader of the feder- al t'.('.F. parliamentary group. has been heard in the past. It has. however. been accepted as a sure thing that he would remain as lead- er himself through the forcomlng election and for I further three years.

His most recent attack. howev- er. has posed a query to this plan. it has also raised the minor ques- tion of the acting leadership of his group in parliament.

The confusion centred around i

this point was clearly shown in

the Ottawa newspapers on the day following his heart attack.

"Stanley Knowles. 48. C.C.F. whip and MP. for Winnipeg North Centre. today was expected to take over as acting party leader during the illness of M. J. Cnid- well." Thus the Ottawa Journal gave the news.

At the same time. the Ottawa Citizen declared: "Clarence Glllis.

Tcaucus chairman and senior in

line for the acting house leader- ship, Ind Stanley Knowles. the party whip. both said there will be no acting leader for the present."

But to clinch this In I practical manner. let me report that it was Stanley Knowles who rose to speak in the Commons that aft- ernoon, at the time when tradit- ionally the leader of the C.C.F. should have spoken in debate. A IIURRIE CONVENTION?

Coffee-house gossip immediate- ty that Mr. Coldwell would not be Ible to prosecute an energetic :- lection campaign, as leader of his party. this summer.

Would Mr. Coldwell resign forth- with. to make way for I younger leader who could actively lead his

Redistribution Problem

George Ilaln In The Globe and Mail

Canada's population growth has not only been rapid but uneven between different parts of the country. The political effect of this is that if I redistribution of electoral boundaries were to be made now on the basis of last year's interim census, Ontario. which gained two more seats in the last redistribution. would gain two more again, and Saskatchew- an. which lost three. would lose three more.

Actually the next redistribution would not occur until after the de- cennial ccnsus which will be taken in 1961. By that time. if the pres- ent population trends continue. the allerations that will be needed will be sufficient to guarantee that the scrap in the Commons over rs. distribution will be fiercer than ever ' ., the Commons de- cides to turn over the task to an impartial body. That it should do just that has been advocated fag- .VeIl'S by members of different

arlies.

EFORE ANI) AFTER

The lollnwmn table shows how many constituencies there were in each Prnvince before and Il- ter the last redistribution in I952- I redistribution that was carried out with the cu-4 my among of acrimonious argument H and the number there should be in each now arcorriinsz to the pop... latinn figures

liaihered in the 1956 census:

' Before After Now Ontario 3.1 35 gr; Quebec 73 75 74 British Columbia lit 22 2: Alberta 17 17 1. Saskatchewan .. . 20 17 14 Manitoba :5 14 14 Nova Scotln is 11 11 New Brllnswick 1o 10 1. Newfoundland. . 7 1 7 P.E.l..... .. I 4 I

2flI 253- I: Those figures require somn ex- planation. Sectlon Bl of lh

British North America Act flan the number of gen; for 311 & Provinces together (the Yum

and Mackenzie district but 1 -

each additional) It N1. Thus Q

total was reduced by only three the Province in effect was bonused to the extent of two seats -and the Dominion total became

203. plus two in the Territories. Before objection is raised that the application of the 15 per cent rule would prevent Saskatchewan going down from 'seventeen to fourteen seats as indicated in the second and third columns above. it should be noted that in suc- ceeding redistribution: the 15 per- cent rule Ipplies on what should have been rather than on what is. In other words, Saskatchewan's representation could go down to I point 15 per cent below fifteen seals, the number it would have had lIst time but for the rule. not is per cent below seventeen. ANOTHER RULE -

Another rule which provides protection to some Provinces against further reduction in the number of their seats in the Com- mons is the constitutional provi- sion that no Provilnce shall have fewer MP'I than senators. Prince Edward -Island long has relied on this support. Now. for the first time. New Brunswick also must claim it. On the buts of popula- tion, New Brunswick under I re. distribution made now would be entitled to only nine stats. It ha, ten senators. and thus would have to be allowed that many mem- bers in the Commons.

Rarely. If ever. has rcdislribu. lion been made without criel of "urrymander" being raised in the Commons. Like all other committees. the committee which Is given responsibility for recom.

changes A

party campaigning?

inside C.C.F. circles quickly I- greed that Mr. Coldwell would wish to resign at an early date, both to permit his party to have the energetic leadership it re- quires. and to permit his health to

have the care that it now cerlain- -.

ly needs.

A convention would be held to select a new leader. This gather- ing would take place in Winnipeg and it could be called at very short. notice.

A C.C.F. convention is not such I bulky and social and elaborate- ly planned affair as a leadership convention of either of the two old- er parties. To begin with, there ll much less money available and secondly. partly for the first rea- son. each constituency appoints only one delegate. instead of three. THE NEW LEADER

Who would he picked as leader

by this convention?

Various names have been men- tioned. Stanley Knowles. for one. He is able. hard-working and sin- gle-minded in pursuit of the CG. F. objectives. But he would not gain very much support. among his parliamentary colleagues.

Hazen Argue is regarded as I possibility. But for some time past he has been considered as the like- ly successor to Tammy Douglas as leader of the C.C.F. party in Sask- atchewan provincial politics, and hence perhaps as premier of Sask- atchewan. I doubt if Ilazen would willingly leave Ottawa: likewise . I doubt if his turn for the federal leadership is yet.- he is still young enough to have lots of patience.

An authorallve speculation is that the succession to Coldwell is now in no doubt. it would be Tom- my Douglas - on a draft. It would be Tommy Douglas with or with- out I convention to rubber-stamp the obvious choice. The only black cloud on the golden horizon for this very able and popular ex-Ot- taws politician is that his health is not one hundred per cent. He has an ailment which has necessitated . the bone of one leg to be scraped T surgically on occasions, and it is not yet known whether the trou- ble has now been eliminated. Pol- itically. though. there can be no doubt that Tommy is their boy.

PUBLIC FORUM

This column II out it 04- CIIIID Iton by corralvondenta of question I Interest. The Guardian does not aunt urlly moons the opinion It ass-no pondcnla.

Medically Speaking

I! Isl-III N. Bandeau. bl. D.

NEW WEAPONS NEEDED FOR THE BATTLE WITH TB We have I vaccine to fight off tuberculosis. Yet we can't slaile mus inoculation programs in an effort to wipe this once terrifying disease from the L :e of the earth. The T3 vaccine most widely used today in Bacillus of Calmette and Guerln. or BCG for short. it's made from I strain of bovine tu- bercle baccilli which are alive but have lost their power to produce progressive disease through long years of culluri z and reculturing. BCG is helpful, for it provides, substantial protection. but not ab- solute protection. And we can't predict just how long I dose of the vaccine willl protect a person NOT EFFECTIVE

After numerous tests some fine- tors now seem to think that the use of BCG in the general popula- lion would not be effective in the United States. (

For one thing. the vaccine is air- en only to persons who have not been infected. Right away this would eliminate one-third of our population since tuberculin tests of tltis number would prove posi- live.

it"; from these positive cases that most of our new cases will come in the next few years. The only cases which BCG can pre- vent are those resulting from new infections.

Testing our entire population of some 167,000,000 would probably turn up about 1l2.000.000 persons who could be vaccinated with BC- G. Yet even if we vaccinated all of these persons and all the new born babies, only about eight per- cent of new TB cases would be pre- vented In the first five years. LOW PERCENTAGE

Testing and vaccinating two-

thirds of the population and then repeating the whole operation a- bout four times during a 20-year period would be quite a job.

At present we use BCG chiefly for protecting to TB infection, such as doctors and nurses and pat- lcnts and employees in certain in- stitutions.

The search for I better vaccine however, continues.

A new vaccine has been devel- oped from In avirulent strain of human tubercle bacilli which may produce better immunity. It hasn't been tested on humans as yet.

QUESTION AND ANSWER

N. L.: What is the difference between sterilizing and disinfect- lug?

Answer: Sterilization destroys all bacterial life. disinfection does not necessary destroy all bacteria only those that are infectious or harmful.

The Age Old Story

The God of patience and conso- lation grInl. you to be llkeminded one toward another according In

, Christ Jesus.

OUR YESTERDAYS

From the Guardian Files

TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO (March 5, 1932)

Gala events of other days in P. E.I. were recalled by a dinner giv- en last night in Government House by his Honour Lieutenant-Govern or Dalton to the members of the Legislature assembly. Not since the war has this annual function taken place in Government House and many complimentary re- marks were made.

The wiring in the main bulld-

.lngs of Prince Street and West

Kent schools has been overhauled and renewed by the Palmer Elec- tric Company. This matter was taken up at a recent meeting of the School Board when it was de- cided to render these buildings as safe as possible from fire.

TEN YEARS AGO (March 8. I947)

installation of I powerful radio beacon at Summerslds airport has been recommended to the Govern- ment by Wing Commander. L. W. Skey, former chief instructor at Summerslde during the war years- Mr. Skey while at Air Force Head- quarter: last yelr. Ilfolllly 35""- ced the claims of the Summer-

rnn LITTLI scuoourouss:

. side airport as a permanent. Ita-

T lion.

Sir, -- Especially during this week . all Canada has been focus- ing its attention on Education Ind , its problems. Let us hope thIt this interest will be ion:-lived. and will be carried over in concerted, con- crete Ictlon in the solution of some I of the most urgent problems con- fronting educators today-

The tr e n d toward central schools for the higher grade: con- tinues, and this is well. '0? lili- denu of these Ides benefit by

5 an

Freight traffic figures for last month just released by the C.N.R., Island Division. reflect N12 N0- nounced drop in coal imports re- sulting from the strike in the Nova Scotla coal mines. Onl! la) cars were imported durtnl the DIS! month while for the torrespmldinlt month last year 885 cars were im- ported.

MAXIMS

Blesslngmwd eslor tally: and for the most of then because the!

next gnu without annulus no flier classroom. caanrul! if I

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NOTES BY THE WAY

Formula that stumps the UN is how to give everything awby with out sacrificing anythlng.-Wind- sor Star .

If III the flowers bloomed last the way they are shown on the seed packets--lhal, friends, would be paradise.-Chstbam News

Alberta natural gas doubtless will make a contribution to the well-heing of Eastern Canada. but the cost of Trans-Canada is not to be counted in dollars alone. There must he recollection of the cost to the prestige of Parliament. -0!- tawa Journal

Cauudn now has 217,375 Boy Scouts -20.961; more than at the end of 1955-and a new record high ill membership. As of Decem- ber 30, 1936. there were 125.329 Wolf Cubs. 65,880 Boy Scouts, 434 Lone Scouts, 1,559 Sea Scouts. 3.- 378 Rove-r Scouts, 172 Rover Sea Scouts and 20,623 adult Leaders. These figures show an increase in all branches except the Lone Scouts which is lower than the 1955 total by 12.-News of Scout- ing

A medical columnist Inks what happens when the body is immers- ed in warm water? Usually the bell rings.-BrInd.- Sun

Then is this lsslurs about the senate investigation of the u.s. foreign policy. is at least keep- ing John Foster Dulles home. - Sarnla Observer

Cheering Iota In the unemploy- ment picture is that there will al- ways be Jobs for ex-basketball players In the super markets- picking cornflakes off the top shelf.-Windsor Star

People use their eyes 30 percent. More than they did a generation ago." And even at that, with so much going on now, they miss see- ing I lot of things.-Kitchener-Wm terloo Record

Air, pollution from motor car exhaust fumes is I new Prohltm in the congested parts of Eastern Ontario: another reason why folks locate in the territory air condi- tioned by Lake Superior.-Port Ar- thur News-Chronicle

recognition . r x

since this pesto-dine lad C:-on gag. V" inaugurated, mots than 950,000 Csmdiuuluy. received free blood transfusions;

Howmsnylivcghollsssndhoanbnahhaveboal saved through (Ml Ionics cannot be alalusdo Nor can is be mounted ladollus. Ysgwhlls Red Cross blood donors at Isitbsr-pay not

lung to dupou. D "friser-ma-lnslpeho wholsblood P'9dllCfic.I:InddoIhtldIj;

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