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PAGE FOUR TllE GIIARLOTTETOLIII bllllllllllll

Iorulr Dally (Founded in T887) Authorlzod us Second Class mu. Post 01"“ Department. Ottawa.

President, [an A. Burnett; Vice-President. Wm. R. Bung“; secy.-'l‘reuls.. G. M. Burnett; Editor und mugging Director, J. R. Burnett; Associate Editor, Frank Walker. ' i

“The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the lVea/reslrfllgrl/i-j“ V A _ ‘__ NOVEMBER. 26. 1946

The“ State of Europe ~

Never in history, says Mr. R‘. W. Kaper- linkgh, manager of rho British United Press, recently returned from Europe, has such com- plete military victory been accompanied by such incomplete results. Defeat of‘ an enemy has heretofore always meant the responsibility for the next phase-namely re-arrangement of the pattern for peace, no matter whether for a just or unjust peace, was the task of the vic- tor. Today there is no one who can assume that res onsibility because instead of one idea or concept of society having won over another we have exactly the some two forces which were locked in a death struggle from I939 till I945 posed threateningly over a destroyed con- tinent unable to compromise because the very continuation of either of the two principles- liberty or cocrcion-nfepcnds on the uncomprom- ising determination which they possess. The great privilege which we enjoy of freedom— of liberty and of economic plenty makes us one of the few nations which can still loudly pro- claim the things, and the values in which we believe. We are an important factor in the great political and spiritual bottle, and our at- titude and our actions will greatly affect the outcome. lf the forces of totalitarianism should sweep the continent of Europe then violence be- comes the rule of man and force the rule of nations. ln such a world peace between nations is unthinkable, and pence for us becomes a vain hope. Today Canada is being watched, because there are few nations like ourselves left. Our own little racial or religious differences or dis- agreements are nothing compared to the great common heritage of Western society which we not only have but hold in trust for those too weak to guard them today.

llause For Concern

Chief Justice McRuer, of Ontario, speaking to the Toronto Centre Presbytery of tho United Church of Canada gave some figures on the size of Canadian families and on the divorce rate which are cause for concern. These fig- ures are little known, and cast a bright light on the twin problems.

The average family in Canada now has l.7 children. The Chief Justice's figures show that 3l.4 per cent of the families have no children; 23 per cent have but one child; I7 per cent have two children; l0 per cent have three and l7 per cent have more than three children.

The meaning of the statement that 3L4 per tent of married couples in Canada have no children is that marriage has meant no family life for a great number- of parents. The situa- tion is not related to health considerations, as the Chief Justice points out. ”Thot 3l per cent have no children is not due to physical de- fects or disease. It is reasonable to assume that it is duo to the design of the married couples."

The divorce figures given by Ontario's Chief Justice are for I944, which, from present indica- trons were lower than they were in I945 or will be in I946. British Columbia topped the list with one divorce, in I944, for every eight marri- ages. In Alberta it was one divorce for every fif- teen marriages. There wos one divorce in every twenty-one marriages in Ontario; one in tvventy~ six in Saskatchewan; one in forty-nine in New Brunswick; one in sixty-four in Nova Scotia; one in 2T5 in Prince Edward lsland, and one divorce in every 295 marriages in Quebec.

Blizzards Made To) Order

By dropping six pounds of carbon dioxide pellets into a cloud three miles long, a scien- tist from the General Electric laboratory trans- formed the cloud into snow. Because the cloud was l4,000 feet in the air and the atmos- phere was dry the snow evaporated before reach- ing the ground. The test demonstrated to the satisfaction of iDr. Irving Langmuir, associate director of the laboratory, that if the sky had been completely overcast and the humidity high- er a heavy snowfall could have been precipitat- ed. On the basis of this test he estimated that "in a five-hour flight a single plane could gen- IIto hundreds of millions of tons of snow over a large area." To allay any alarm concerning such a weighty blanket, he said that this would not mean more than o few inches of snow‘ on the ground and that it would be necessary to food a continuing supply of moisture into the air to produce a real blizzard.

There are practical applications for cus- tom made storms, Dr. Langmuir explained. He said that in areas where snowfall is less than tho normal required to feed irrigation and water- powor projects and moisten the soil for spring growth, more snow could be provided. Cities threatened by blizzords could cause tho clouds to dump their burdens in tho suburbs. Airports would bonofit by dispersion of snow clouds which causo icing. Winter resorts, finding themselves short of snow for skiing, quickly could lay down a fino coating on their hill-sides.

Such snow making would not be expensive. Dry ico is comparatively choop; tho only other requirements aro a plono and a crow to man- a o it. Snow-making, howovor, could hovo com- plcations. What would bo tho status of tho new rnon If thoy misjudged their distances and droppod blizzard: whoro thoso worn not wont-

? Would tho suburbonito tako it kindly if i 1nd! shoveling woro doubled so that his oily ilolghbor should hovo nono? Having told how if con bo donofflr. Longmulr and his fol- III scientists hardly can ho oxpoctod to settle r I -

I the story.

..1hi't.§f<2'r&~flhl@nl=5' '

Origin of J30”

_ One freqiuently hears requests for explan- ation of‘ the origin of widely used expression, Often there is a good deal of uncertainty and. as time goes on, one collects many explanation; This has been brought up again by q m“: l°l_"P°"°"Y'$ flTlE-mpf to explain the orig'n of "30" written by newspapermen and telegrapher; up the end of their stories and messages to show that there is no more to follow on that subject

There have been two explanations‘ mqsi often propounded. One is that in llflnd-p/j-jffen manuscript gn X represented the end of a sent- iryce, two Xs the end of a puragrqph and fhyee

s, the Roman numeral for thirty, the end of _ The other is that in o telegraph of. frce, accustomed to close at 2:30 o.m., the last despotch sent out was marked "30". If hasl also been asserted that a correspondent of The Associated Press, who was assigned the personal number of thirty, appended that instead of his signature to despatches. Yet again it has been said that it arose from the rule of a telegra- company that the condition of the line should be reported at closing time; this was Rule 30 and the custom grew up, when all was correct, to report just "30.”

However, an Indian newspaperman seems to have got hold of yet another explanation not so widely known. Hc says:

"The journalistic symbol '30’, meaning thel end, has a queer Indian origin. In Bangali, '80’ is employed to mean ‘farewell’ and means, literally "l quit.’ One Mr. Holwell, an English officer in Ft. William, Calcutta, used the figure at the end of a letter which he sent to the East lndia Company in I758. The company, out o1 fun, used thelfigure in their publication, mis- takenly making it '30’, Hence came the use."

There remain some old stagers in news- paper offices who insist that it all started when a reporter appended the note "Thirsty" to his story to indicate that he was going out to rectify that condition ind carelessly omitted the "s."

- EDITORIAL NOTES -

.i__

Election day in Fifth District of Prince.

‘k A month from Christmas~and so much to be accomplished in the interval. ‘ I I Q 1' Welcome to Canada's new Chief

Commissioner, General Spry. 1 * >l1 F

Scout

The Boy Scouts did exceedingly well on their Apple Day——there is no doubt of the popu- larity of the movement among boys and think. mg men and women.

Rt. Hon. W. L. Mackenzie King recently stated: "Throughout the growth of our coun- try the newspapers of Canada have made an immense contribution towards an informed un- derstanding of both national and world affairs."

I * 9r 1'

Christmas Pay will again this year be a postman's holiday with no delivery of letters. At the some time, the department in its weekly bulletin predicts an "enormous volume" of mail during the Christmas season. lt urges that let- lers for local Christmas delivery be posted by December l8 and proportionately earlier for out- of-town points, with December 9 as the dead- line for mail to the United States.

Two prime political announcements were made over the week-end. Resources Minister Glen, who visited here when Speaker, told Mor- den (Man.) Liberals that there was almost cer- tain to be a Federal election next Fall; while Senator F. W. Gershaw of Medicine Hat, (Alta.) informed the General Council of the Alberta Liberal Association that the selection of a new national Leader would confront the Party in view of the certainty that Prime Minister King will not carry on. '

ff R "k "k

More veterans are living in Nova Scotia, Quebec, Ontario and British Columbia than en- listed in those provinces. Prince Edward ls-y land's veteran population is the same as its en-i listment total. The other provinces have few- er veterans than they had enlistments. A sur-I vey showed that more than 60 per cent of alll veterans were married and more than half that number went to the altar during or after their service. About l8,000 service men married service women.

n 1r o

They are not hurrying demobilization in the Old Country. Britain's three uniformed women's services will remain a permanent feature of the armed forces, War Seclhetary Bollenger told the House of Commons. Recruiting will be volun- tary. The Auxiliary Territorial Service, some of whose girls manned anti-aircraft guns, will bo incorporated in the army, Mr. Bellenger said. Similarly, the Women's Auxiliary Air Force, which provided radar operators and barrage balloon crews, will become part of the R. A. F. The Women's Royal Naval Service will remain on its present basis. Meanwhile, the government is planning a recruiting drive by offering ex- tended service agreements for three, four and five years to women discharged or awaiting dis-. charge from the services, Mr, Bellenger said.

' l’ W I‘ i‘ ,,

John Loudoun, Macadam, road-maker, died this date I836, one hundred and ten years ago. The main feature of his plan was to form a bod of fragments of stone-granite, whinstone, or basalt-none of which should be too largo to puss through an iron ring two and a.half inches in diameter. The stratum orubed of such ma- terial was to bo left to be brought into com- pactness and smoothness by the action of the vehicles passing over it. His system of road- making was approved by the government and generally adopted, with tho result no boftor turnpike roads or highways could be found any- whoro than in Grout Britain. Tho only toward Macadam roapod for his labours was a grant of $8,000 from Parliament, and tho repayment of sovoral thousand more which ho provod boforo

a committee of tho House of Commons to have boon expended by him from his own rosourcos in porfoctlng hls plan.

"rue ‘Notes By Tho Way

It blow-ed n an. A be; _ "my dressed Chicago matron h‘; peered in one o: those hats foam. Ins wlrn ostrich feathers. Ono large cluster fell fashionably over he; lace- she “Shred a cigarette. You know the rest. —Chlcag° nlbtmm

A western university has @110", the Infant daughter of one of ti; veteran students instead of the traditionalist-ed for campus queen go we're afraid lhatlhe vogue go,- ...“‘;§f..€tl»°“".‘-‘£‘ 5:1“ we“

mg r e is. _Kl Whig-Standard, ngskm

A California movie house features a wishing well in its lobby, Mostly ITS children and young couples who use the well, tossing a pgnny in and 11131011‘; a sentimental wish, says This Week A reader. how- GVPP- HD0115 that she noticed one elderly man march glumly past (IP09 in a penny and mutter: “I wish I harm‘! seen that picture.”_

Various rumors have Ggngffl] Eisenhower making plans r4; rgglgn HS the army's chief of arm in order to ll) enter the business World; l2) become the Republican candidate for President and (3) run is ‘the Democratic presidential nominee Versatile as Ike ls. he alight have a blf of trouble handl- lng all three assignments or, the same time. -Kansas City Star.

John L. lmiwfls}sefems In be om of llloso fellows who can‘; read the writing In the soot on the wall. Every time he wangles his boys another hoist In wages the price 0f coal goes up and these thlngs happen. More ‘householders put. in 011 burners. more railroads buy Diesel engines. more factories con. verl their boilers to natural gas, and more scientists concoct more schemes to put coal miners out. of work. -Brilish United Press,

Plowing by remote control is an {"1081 Possibility. as for us sclence 15 concerned. But. lllre so many of the wonders which the dire neces- sity of wartime brought Into being. 0r fil 1985f info Sight. its practical nppllct-ltion is far from on accom- pllslletl fact ln so lnally of these vase-s the cost. which was no con- sideration in wartime becomes prio- Jribitive virhen peacetime use is considered. —Sault ste, Marie Star.

By Llanadian standards, British courts are usually lenient In the matter of driving offences. But whim they decide t.o be l/OUBll, they are very tough Indeed. Recently. n 29-year-old man appeared at Old Bailey. charged with driving an auto while disqualified from hold- rng an Ollerutarls permit. (He had been convicted previously of an- other offence and his permit. sus- pended ) He was also charged with using a permit, not his own. He was sclllorlcerl to two jail terms of six and twelve lnon-Ihs (b0 run concurrently) and in addition. was fined $800. His permit was sus- pended for life. His father. who had lent the son his own permit. was fined for his part In the affair $1,200 —Vanc0uver Province.

An excellent. suggestion ls being put for-ward at Toronto. under which a group of 21 f/O 25 senior boys from Toronto collegiates would be taken on a tour of Canada during the summer holidays. The first trip it is hoped. would touch such points as Sudbury, Port, Arthur, Winnipeg, Turner Valley. Calgary and Van- couver Boys with outstanding schol- arship and leadership attributes would be selected for the trip. the expenses It) be paid by the Toronto Board of Education, The boys would be expected to keep diaries of their trips and to discuss their impress- ions while it was in progress. Such a system ls in force In various Am- erican schcols. and often during the summer we see big busloods of boys and girls touring their oiwn land coming over here. Too few Can- adians know much about their own land It might be interesting to do as we have done and in some gather- ings Io usk how marry have vlslted Ottawa and l0 see how small is the percentage of Canadians who have seen their own beautiful capital. There is a chance that such trips would lend to keep our brightest minds nr llOlllC. {or they would have some idea of the magnitude. pie riches of the Dominion as a result. of such trips ~Ningarn Falls Re- view.

Baok In 1196 John McIntosh was clearing one of his fields In what is now Dundns County. Ont. While he was working hr: found some sturdy-looking wild apple seedlings llbllfplhc fence. He decided to pre- serve Ihcm and moved them near his house. ‘Through the years be watched over them. By 1830 most o,t the seedlings had died. One alone thrived and grew loll. The fame of the fruit of this tree spread through the region. Farmers be- come Interested In graftlngs from the tree that produced tangy, deep- red apples, Since fruit frees do not came true from seed. cuttlng from Mclntosho big tree were grafted on wlld root. stock. The fame of the apples spread over the border and American {armors ask- ed for grofllngs. McIntosh‘; son carrled on the work on the blg tree which contlnuel to bear fruit until it died In 1908. 'I‘oday a monument stands nearby which bears the fol- lowing Inscription:

“The arlglnal McIntosh red apple tree stood about. twenty rods north of this spot. It was one of a trum- ber of seedlings taken from the border of the clearing and rrdns- planted by John McIntosh in tho year 1796. Erector! by popular aub- scrlptlon In 1912."

The lame of the apple from tho sclons at Mclnlashb tree has now spread lo many countries. Recently The New York Ttmos observed tho 150th anniversary of tho flndlnl of the tree by Milne the "or? of John McIntosh and hll freo- Tho Tlmoc lddl that thoro aro 1.000 varletlos of apples and till! "II McIntosh Rod ls one of tho- best. Not many people will take lame with that pronouncement. -Wlb- nlpeg ‘hlblmo

Scottish Associations' In P. E. Island

l‘ --- (Old P. E. l. Maurine) ll

In 1837, owing to correspondence With the Highland Soclely of Lon- don, It "was decided to affiliate with that: body. and a commission was received from the Earl of Aboym. Mnrqub of Huntley, con- stituting the Soclety here a branch of the Highland Society of Lan- don wlth the title of the Highland Society of Prince Edward Island which was adopted with some other amendments lo the original can- stlrutlon.

In I828 Slr Charles Augustus Fltzroy, Lieutenant Governor. was chief; Donald Macdonalrl. Char- lottetown. president; William Mc- Intosh and George Dalrymple, vlce presidents; John McGlll. treasur- er; William Cullen and Charles Btockdale. secretaries, when the following members pald their dues:

Cumming. W W Irvlrlg, Robert Brawn. Donald Macdonald, (Glenaladale) Wm. McKay. George- town; Angus McDonald. Brudenell Point; Colln Macdonald, George- town; Hugh MBCdOIlBltl, George- town; Peter McCaPunl. Sf Peters; William Clarke. Dornlcy; John Small Macdonalrl, West River; John Ramsay. Rose Hill; Con Douly Rankin. Belfast, Donald Campbell, Malpeque Road; Malcolm Dormch. West Siver; James Thompson. Try- an; Charles McGilI, Donald Beaten, William McKay. William McCull- och, Kenneth McKenzie. Charles Young. J B. McCormsok. all of Charlottetown. The annual dinnfl‘ on st. Andrew's day was held at Mrs Miller's hotel, and Wm Mc- lntosh, Dr Cumming and Charles Young were the stewards.

o 0 .

In the oourse of the next de- cade we meet with other names o! well-known men of the period who were members of the Society“ vlz., Donald Montgomery. M.P.P.. John Brown. John C Macdonald. J05- eph Wlghtman, John Nicholson, J. W. Morrison. Alexander McLean. James Dewar. Alla-n Fraser. WR. Eatson. JD. Macrionell, John Arbuckle, Donald McLsaoc. Robert McKinley, Alexander McDonald, J. W. Cairns. David Wilson. John MoGlII. Joseph Macdonald. John Scott. Archibald Macdonald. David Fraser, Ewen Cameron. Neil Mc- Kay, Robert MacKle. Angus Mc- Donald, (shoemaker), Robert. Bark- er. Donald McFadyen. Neil Ran- kln. Angus McI-nl-yre. Dr. Potts, Alexander McNeil]. R. F Irving. Ronald McDonald. George finer. 'I‘hos. McEachern. John McPhee. North River; lusuchlln McLalne. James Arthur, George W. Owen. James Carmichael, George Dalry- mple, John Davison, John Kennedy. James Robertson. Alex Robertson. Frederick Norton. Capt-BIB B. Campbell, Edward IrvIllE- Nlllllm Patterson, Archibald McNelll. George Allan. D. Bethune. Duncan Camer- 0n, Joseph MvHardit‘. James D- Mason. WC. Hodgsorl. John Mc- Klnnon. C H. Smllh, John Andrew Moodonald, A A. McKenzie. D1‘- Slratton. RN . David Stewart. John Brown. (Bombay) and others. U - .

In 1839. Hon. Donald McDonald. Glcnalndale. was elected president. and Charles Young. vlce. Dinner was given In Mechanics Hall. and

His Excellency Slr Charles Augustus Fitzm and many other guests uti- tende . and twenty-three toasts were on the standard Ilsf. each IOIJOWEd by an appropriate wll- merit. o - a

In the following year nddiilflflfll vlgol‘ was imparted l0 the netlimol associations owing to the visit l0 this province of Slr James Mac- donell,’ K.C.B.. Commander pf the Brigade of Guards In Canada. The Highland society Walled upon hlm In a body. with an address ln which they refer to lllS services at Water- 1°0_ and gxpres5 their admiration for his daring deeds of HTIIIS-

Another address was presented f0 him a! st Peters where the Kim's County or Castle Tlvrflm RPEImBUI o; Militia, commanded by Lieu!- COL R c Macdollnlfl, was presented with a set of colors by his 1M1)’ who was Clrrngarrl/‘s daughter and Slr Jus MucdoncIFs niece. The colors were blue, white and crimson sllk beautifully cmblumnetl with appfqpflalc figures and devlces. One hall Ihc arms of Glunflfl"? and Glanaladzlle I-lmllllls Gunner" ed. surmounted ovlth Ihelr crests and supported by two Highlanders. one dressed as a soldier and the other as a husbundman. The sec- orltl r-olol‘ contained a crown above lllre thistle surrormrlrd by a laurel ‘wreath with the title In sold letters Inscribed thereon.

It is strange but true that. Mar- shall Mrscdonald, Duke ol Toront- um. one of Napolconfls mast noted Generals, who alert at Courcelles In France lll 1840. should have bem n member of this $OCIBW n scams that when RC Maodon- ald was In France In 1836. llecalled on the Marshall who evinced great Interest In the Highlanders of this Colony, some of them having been his relatives. He Presented Mr. Macdonald with a portrait. of his son, sent a contribution to the Society and was elected an honor- ary member; and hence his death was commemorated by the mem- bers and noted l.n the records. (To Bo Continued)