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Trrn. GUARDlAN

Dior ‘ 0aiiy_.(l‘onndod tn 1881'». Authorised as Beoond Claae Mall. Poot.0ffloo Department. Ottawa.

‘Ilse bland Guardian rubllablng Co. treoldent, tan A. Burnett; Vice-President, Wan It. Burnett; Seep-Tress..- Q. M. Burnett; Editor ano Managing Director. .|. it. Barnett; Aaaootate Editor Frank Walker.

"The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest lnk."

CHARLOTTETOWN. mmsv. Arms. as. resa- St. Georges llay

St. George.is the "happy warrior" whom old England has embroidered upon her nationcl standards, and to whom memorials are found I" many other lands, including Russia, Italy, ‘Greece, Sicily, France and Spain. ln Great Britain he is celebrated as the patron saint of churches, of arms, of chivalry, and of the blue uibbon Order of the Knights- of the Garter, founded in 1344 in the time of Edward lll, the festival being kept Ivory year since in his honour. _

St. George is the legendary warrior who fought the dragon, symbol of evil the world over. Historically, however, he merits equal attention. Born in Cappodocia, of Christian parents, by whom he was brought up in the true religion and fear of God, he became an officer in the army of Diocletian and was admitted o member of the Emperor's council. Ignorant of his being a Christian, Diocletian ordered wholesale persecu- tion of that body, whereupon George, making, in the words of an old chronicle, "dole of all his substance to the poor,“ came boldly into the Senate and "ungirdling his zone," made vigorous protest against the Imperial edict. "Your idols are not gods," he told the Council scornfully; and in spite of arguments, abuse, jeers and alternate offers of bribes and threats, he stood his ground. Sentence of death was passed upon him and ac- cordingly carried out, "George being invested with the glorious crown of martyrdom upon the 23rd day of April, Anno Domini, nostri, 290."

So runs the chronicle, which John Ruskin be- lieved to be the "true story" of St. George-o story told to Richard Coeur de Llon during the Crusades, made a battle-cry upon the fields of France, and intertwined with the most heroic traditions of British history since King Edward founded the Royal Chapel at Windsor and his son, the Black Prince, hero of Crecy and Poitiers. became installed as the first illustrious Knight of the Garter.

St. George also is the patron saint of Boy Scouts throughout the world, and in this con- nection another illustrious warrior, Viscount Alexander of Tunis, Governor-General of Canada, has issued an inspiring message to the Scout- crs of Canada on this occasion. Jt. appears else- where in today's issue, and we commend it to the attention of all our readers, young and old, as one of much interest and value;

Education ltnd Autonomy

The Canadian Teachers’ Federation are ad- vocating Federal aid for Provincial educational purposes, and the once valid objection is being raised that under the British North America Act provincial education is the sole responsibility of the Provinces, and its control a provincial right and prerogative. "Once valid," we suggest, but no longer so in view of events which have tran- spired to render our statutory rights and pre- rogatives a hollow mockery in these Provinces by the sea. '

As for back as I940 the Sirois Commission noted that the expansion in the concept of edu- cation since Confederation "has been as unex- pected as the expansion in social services gen- erally." This had led to action by the Dominion and to many representations before the Commis- sion based on the wide disparity of revenue among the Provinces. The claim of the Canadian Teachers’ Federation must in all fairness be viewed in this light.

"The imperative need for a new basis for educational finance," says the Federation's cur- rent newsletter, "is the culmination of two tendencies which throug-h lhe years have become more and more obvious, and whichlwill, if disre garded, continue to undermine the existing basis of education. One of_ these trends is the in- creasing demands on education as free, com pulsory, and universal, with proposals for the ex- tension of the school leaving _age to fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen and eighteen years, together with enrichmen-t of curricula and in- clusron of subject matter beyond tho three R's.

"The other, less obvious but more insidious, is the fact that the base on which educational finance has rested-the real property tax—is be- coming relatively less and less accountable for n major proportion of taxes collected. The new sources of revenue-corporation, personal in “M0. Stilt-S, excise, automobile, liquor, tobacco and luxury taxes-have mode up an ever in- creasing part of the national revenue. Tho com- paratively inflexible taxes on real property, how~ ever, although far from expanding at o similar rate, have had to attempt to bear- the need; qt public education and even further assume the burden of the increasing cost of expanding social services that the local authorities aro expected to provide."

lll lllll. Ill ll! Othdl- matters, we live J ' 7°? "W from tho conditions under which“ l. N. A. Act was drafted, and the emphasis p l ed inthot statute on provincial autonomy has come to moan loss and less in terms of real value to tho smaller Provinces, which are being milked of M" h" ""'"l" llllllllllllf ltY reason of the qflnflntrlutloa of wealth and corporation hood m“: I. 0 “b: industrial Provinces. Hoe

‘N511. r Premier of Mlllhbflhggdg

r

vincial government functions but also the fin- ancial capacity to discharge them. lf the peo ple and the Government of a Province are desir ous of following a certain policy which is'with- in their legal powers as determined by the B.‘ N

of finances, arising through no fault of their own, the fact that their legal autonomy is unim- paired is of little consolation to them."

As in the case of education, it could be argued that the right to impose income and corporation taxes is a provincial function, and a part of provincial autonomy. But the less wealthy Prov- inces have been forced to make agreements with Ottawa withdrawing from these fields, in order to obtain a more equal distribution of revenue for necessary expenditures.

lf evidencewere lacking as to the worth- lessness of our statutory autonomy it is furnished by the recently imposed freight rates increase, designed deliberately, it would seem, to penalize the less fortunately situated Provinces. lt is a poor partnership indeed which squeezes the smaller partners to the wall, and that is what is happening under Confederation today. lt is far more important that we realize this fact, and seek to do somehing about it, than that we should worry unduly about losing any more of the shadow of our provincial autonomy, when the substance has become so attenuated.

Storm ln A Teapot

The storm in the teapot at Ottawa over the attitude of the Maritime Liberal members on freight rates shows that the Party must have been greatly concerned over the risk of losing the confidence vote. There was really nothing in what the Hon. Cyrus MacMillan said that would justify any effective quotation in the course of the debate. As a member of the Duncan Com- mission he took an active part in bringing about a fairer distribution of rates in the Maritimes, and all that he says now is that the railways are entitled to increased revenue, but at the some time compensation should be allowed the Mari- times in some other respect. That is, that the Maritime Provinces, individually and collectively, would liave to start and petition the Government and the railways to make concessions which the Maritimes contend they were justly entitled to, but which the Transport Commission, recently reporting, did not see their way clear to concede. What difference such an opinion would have had on the course of the debate in the House of Com- mons is difficult to imagine.

- EDIIURIAL NUIES -

_._.Z-

St. George's Day. I “ I W i H

It is a safe bet that midnight Saturday will

pass without Daylight Saving Time being pro-

claimed.

Tomorrow the seven provincial l-"remiers con- fer on future action on freight rates. The re- maining two, of course, hope to retain the status

quo.

I I i

An early task for the new Industrial Defence Board is the development of adequate protective clothing. In that category furs are in a class by themselves.

I

Dr. Grant, M.P., must have something of Rob Roy in him, only in reverse-rob the poor farmer to enrich the railways and railway em-

ployees.

O h Q

Palestine is peculiarly an American prob- lem as it was once a British one. The United States must make the major contribution to the carrying out of U.N. policy and she consequently rnust make the decision. '

k i

O

Ottawa is raising its aldcrmanic salaries, so civil servants are inquiring whether the Gov- ernment is repealing the regulation which pre- vents them holding public office paying more than $500 per year. "

e

Shakespeare born this date 1564: "He was c scholar and a ripe and good one; Exceeding wise, fair-spoken, and persuading: , Lofty and sour‘to them that loved him not; But to those men who sought him, sweet as summer. And, to add greater honour to his age than man could give him, he died fearing God."

A 49th American state is in the offing. Hawaii has long been walling and unless Con- gress becomes too involved in other matters thc necessary action will soon be taken. Incidental- ly the move will permit bilateral free trade ‘which otherwise would have been barred by the terms of world trade agreements.

Canada admitted l2,457 immigrants during January and February, compared with 5,337 dur- ing the same months of i947. The-immigration branch said the greatest boost was in the num- ber of pertns front continental Europe. The steamship ota lnten is scheduled to arrive at Halifax this week with 740 Dutch immigrants.

i fi "h k

An ex-Canadian will be moking- academic history when Sir-William Hamilton Fyfe retires from the post of Principal and Vice-Chancellor of Aberdeen University on September 30. He_is the first Aberdeen Principal to come under the arrongement-_-now common to the Scottish Uni- vanities-for a fixed retiring age. In the case of Aberdeen it is 70.‘ Among many outstanding contributions to Education, Sir William will be perhaps best remembered by the present gen- eration of Scots for his chairmanship of the Scottish Advisory Committee on Education, whose recommendations may lood to far-reaching changes ln the country's educational system. Whoa he rotlres,_Sir William intends to, return to Ilvo in London, where ho was born; Educated at Idlnburgh and Oxford, he came to Canada, where lie become Principal and Vice-Chancellor fliklagetoo University, Ontario. lle was op-

A. Act, but are prevented from doing so by laclr .

Stalin oayo the treaty of ltnaeio and Finland ts “between equals"- one bersr and one rabbit. -- Ottawa

Jdurnisl.

“Every dog has lto day". a nove- list reminds us. This doesnt troub 1e us nearly so much as the fact that cats lnslst: on leaving the nights. _ Montreal Star.

Columbia will grade and classify its auto courts and tourist camps for tlie protection of vlsl

tors. Hon. Leslie H. Eyres. minister of trade and industry. announces

The initial classification will be‘ on e basis of one, two or three stars to denote the type of ac- commodation offered. - Vancou- ver News-Herald.’

The United Staten as n. whole ls one of the‘ less‘ densely settled countries of the world. and wLl continue to be so for merry years to 001110. Awarding bo forecssls based on assumptions of medium fertility and medium mortality, our population will be about. 106000.000 ‘iii 1W5; this would mean-a density of 56 pet square mile. Even on the most favourable assumptions, our population in 1975 will be a.

bout 185,000,000. which is stlll,oiily 62 persons per square rnllc.—l\lel.ro

polltan Life Bulletin.

This lo tree-planting time. Iv ery rural resident of Norfolk Coun- ' should be planning to set out trees for windbreaks and for wood- lots at this season of year. ‘The terrible floods of a fortnight ag.» in Southern Ontario demonstrate that tree life rnust. be restored la order to conserve moisture and to prevent water from running away too rapidly. In Norfolk the need ls even greater to protect the light topsoil from blowing away. We have the Reforestry Station at. St. Williams to furnish trees m abun- dance. so that. thorn can be no ex- cuse for failure lo Lake purl. in flils vital resloruliv-e and protective program. -- Slmcoa Rcformcr.

w. again f» the Mlramlchl River - and so tiavc the sportsmen. Dally, scores of tliem are arriving from the Uni..- ed Statés‘ for Eastern Cenadas earliest salmon fishing. It. ls not only the earliest salmon fishing. but the toughest --e. herd. don- gerous game. On most. streams. salmon can't. be caught. before May. But; special angling permits arc issued for the Miramlchl as soon as the ice cracks up. The reason ls that. the salmon, \Vlll(!l"| Winter lri the Mlramlolil come through in much better condition than is the case with salmon in most rivers. 15y April. they even regain some of the sliver-y color they lose in the late Fall. In former years the dell)’ bag limit. per rod has been ten Spring salmon. All have to be caught. an barbless hooks, and only one may be killed. The others have ta be released unharmed This year the bag limit ls five. of which four must be freed. -Safnt John Telegraph-Journal.

When Dr. Charles Canrsell stalcs that the future of this country's mineral industry depends upon scientific methods. he is stating a fact recognized by most mining men. The old time prospectors nnd their methods are slowly dying out. The besl: modern prospector does not rely on, the old "hike and hunt." system. He ls B. student, of rock formations and other pertin- ent; lore. He will not; waste much time plodding over terrain which is unlikely to contain minerals. The gelger machine which rattles when carried over uranium ore is isri ex- ample of up-fo-clale devices. In s country as large as Canada tlilre will continue to be some strikes mode through sheer luck. The percentages, however, more and more favor the scientific prospec- tor. Na man lies a better idea of the potentials of Canada's mineral wealth than Dr. Camsell. Barn in the Northwest Territories. the‘ son ol a Hudson's Buy factor, he has liud much to do with the mapping of the north. When deputy minis- ter of mlncs and resources. l"! was one official who preferred to be out. in the field. rather than prop up u desk in Ottawa. -_Wlnd- sor star. '

As the davs grow lnnser and warmer and the evenings lighten. llie symptoms of that. peculiar rc- crsrrent. malady known as Sprint; Fever begin to appear again. We are attacked by an odd carriblnn- tlon of lsnguor and restlessness which ls prevalent at no other time of the year. With the slightest ex cuse or none we find oursclvcr- drifting into daydresms. We pic- ture the iiouse as it would look with a new coat of paint arid n little amateur carpentry. One of the delusions most. firmly fixed in the head of a mun who has nevci" tried it, is the idea that given a hammer and nails any male can work miracles. We fall an easy prey to that. bright infectious rash of seed packets that break out. nll over the shop counters at. this sea- son of the year. (The second oom- moneet. delusl . known to men is the belief that 1r you lust pul. a seed into a hole in the ground ll will grow. Well. and in this favor- ed psrt. of the world it issually iiocsl) During the next few weeks we can expect. nearly any manl- festatlon of Spring Fever. The man who gets on a downtown lbfttfllll‘ olasplng a pot containing a two» foot. hydrangea in full bloom or lugging a full-length opodo luoorn- plehly wrapped in brown paper. will lot merely a ltfllllll Ill!" from us. flow can wo Instr ldm more. when in our own minds we are already at homo otlino the lawnmower and jrreavptinl the

cgltltiiowurowiv

Sir Stafford (Tripp's Budget Statement '

(‘United Kingdom Information III . '

degree of inflationary pressure ex lstlng 1n our economy we enter the

analysis. Inflationary pressure can

envisage ll. degree of economic cor.-

democracy and which would ric- feut our ulm of getting away from detailed controls as rapidly as pos- slble. During the last year many

to be observed. The demand for labour and materials was excessive

and wages rose ell through tho year. the pressure of the black market. continued Ln certain spheres and we experienced great difficul- ty in devoting sufficient resources to those types of production most urgent for the country but no‘ necessarily the most. profitable or attractive to the producer. Yet. last year we had an overseas deficit. of $2.700 millions, ivlilch meant that. we had that. extra volume of goods available to us 1n excess of 0'1: own production. This year we plan to reduce ‘that. excess very substantially, depending to some extent on bhe outcome of the Eu

opean Recovery Programme. This means there will be an increase ll inflationary pressure to the extent of the difference between the a

mounts of excess imports in the two years respectively. Against this we have a reduction of capi- tal investments. There will there

fore almost certainly be a net. lo- oreese ln inflationary tendencies this year compared with last.”

O O O

"The problem of removing lnfla tlonary pressure ls not. the only one affecting the Bud-get, though certainly the most. immediately uri- ‘inflatlohary pressure Cl-lll be ce- clnced -- voluntary ivithholdlng if spcndlngs and Government tuxe-

tlon. Much of the Government's capital investments of the blgliesi

inflationary condition s. different decreased to a marked extent. 1."- vlew of these factors we must se-

to yield a balance after all

have been met."

plus wlilcl-i more than provides to.

incentive to producers."

extent

lions -- is to some

enue from the purchase tax

estimate by $856 millions he said that the total saving a-

set increased expenditure on cdu

proud of their record in social ser

it. $2.000 millions for the

Debt. O O t

have decided to continue subslcllc because we are convlnied that. al

fletionary, in, practice they

an opposite effect since they strain the demand for personal incomes i0 meet; the in

1'8

the equivalent. to twelve or four Ledii shillings ($2.40 or $2.801 wook for every family in the couu

to be nddtid the cost. of tux cullcc l-lori and left $2.078 millions of the

plalned. Sir Stafford said that 1048-9 Customs and Excise

durlri

would bring in 01200

polnild to Aberdeen as successor to the late Sir U gflllilllllfillitllllili» ‘ Mlle-iii l ' .s..» ..

wheelbarrow from what remains ol n» winner's emu‘ woodt - vaaosarh-

brtngiog the total estimated re- 1| m 3,, p,“

venue from this branch to senor. 1:34;, §ga,°,',,','u,,,n°,:: 31mg; A. s. asouus. as. i.r.a ss_ aeeea semi

-fllIl1l°1;;-l d m u,‘ adienoes for,new capital dovolop- lllillnl- lll- mo“ n. c

n an revenue ' ey oo y, q . - "Q."

:10: ‘tfr a ftmhefdesrpglnolon. Tliiore fi"l',,m'n,umg,",l_im°n ‘o: M.“ l... d u”. '—' ul-H‘. -__. ._._-

a eenaconaersyexpenon wh.'w“r“l1ymr“‘g_ Wllllflflill- f.“

of profile which would come undo: m. you‘ m, w" m“ w,” 2mm; ‘on.’ To w“ u‘ F‘

chnssiéhllblrolri‘ ‘rlllm W“ lug study whether i-hIN was sufficient -—-———-—-—-———-- '4‘- thud,“

a cone era o r e n wages an l1 bump; . , , NONI! 0 ~

salaries last autumn. with the w- 313101,?! aw,“ u,‘ ?,:,"f,'§"f§, Fn-dll‘ F‘ u“. H‘ c" nears-me armour-EL

suit that total earnings would oe "gym" gnu-mm; pg,,'nmm_ m OAIIIITII. IOLICITOI. ———————--—-— -

P11001112”: l filJheriievel. tie gold 1941-8 the Government put basis ' l NOTARY "Te Vi. It.

mated ml on n our-tax. iis j w cum] u u ‘

PM _ m, ym.‘ y,“ o, m, ,,_ Qmmw ;y°,';‘:u°:‘_“n'“;f,f “l: loyal om a Canada ‘(ramble _ anaemia»

oresood profits to: ho estimated mm ospstel expenditure bu; w"; ' Th“? "' P - Palmer Credits"

WORN yield D1090 Illlllltlfl. T0 bltll you’ no guy-Nu u, h‘), ax‘ "u, "i P. - '-

lhould bl added M 1111111011 l-tf inflationary tendency lrr tire root" .....__.._...._ "Mn" so; p"... gs, ' their! l" ill dill-lll- IM lullfld of the economic system. l-fe no- Q m __. '

tivmll quarto-km!!! lltgrmllll M‘ Loved that. they should sins at o ‘u, m" T" m" u’ - ~

Mylar onl- um a-ueoversliourplosriivavi '

w"; owgmmmg wok ‘m, mun“. m u" "Quzztmql"? U v

they use "reduced an lncomr res uatlon m" l»; use vriine m» loan so nous ,

in one swims in i-hi sound mo they rnust tabaoaoopttouoi rue..- orrasar a. owner. as. u..a "It "ll"

ntisll! to" y‘ m Grotto! Ir-

ln tho dollar) and oubots nasal 1B1

"When we come to consider the

most. difficult field of economic

not be removed entirely by Gav- ernmenlal action unless we are to

trol too rigid to be operated in ‘s

signs of inflationary pressure were

throughout industry: costs. profits