THE IMPROVED streamlining of the front end of the Ford V-8 for 1936 is _well- illustrated by this camera shot. Note the horn set into the fender apron behind a chromium grille and the way the graceful con- tour of the fender is carried to the edge of the new radiator grille. A glimpse of the new hood louvres is caught behind the headlamp. The V-8 insignia on the pro_w of the car is of new design.

L . __ _. .. . . ,

WE DRIVERS

34 Series of Brief Disatuione on Driving, Dedi- cated to the Safety. Camlort and Pleasure 9! the Hotoring Public. Prepared by General Motors

No. l—CURVES AND TURNS

No Mllrrn how expert we may be as drivers, we are all apt to fall into habits of driving that don't quite measure up to what we really know is right.

cars, especially when another car is approaching from the opposite direction.

- . And yet there possibly isn't one of us who hasn't, at one time or another, moved overdin the road to pass a car, and then won ered if we would get around in time.

I.'«~v hcies an l.t..t1...il «A. ..g about that. when we try to 1\:l.ss a car that's going forty miles on iicur, its Just the some as if we tried to Pass u standing string of cars 300 ice. long or mom depending" on our own sliced in §*‘ ‘ passing. In other words, it's like pass- .////A/,/,'..,,~ I’ . ing eighteen cars parked l.‘ump.r-to 3 * in the road. This is probably a. new idea to most of us. If we ksp; it in, mint]; we would never pass a car unless we were sure that .l:::-e w:re'no C-‘lCf.‘l’llil‘ig cars for a gocd larg <li:'..~i':~ cﬁvsd.

But turning aside to pass is not the particular kind of turning that we are interuted in discussing here. What we are now concerned with is taking curves and corners. From time to time in these discussions we will find that Will" 3 the same old laws of Nature will be involved. Fore- V" WW’ I most among them will be the laws of momentum, and 7° 5° ‘ momentum plays the major part in going around ' curves. Because momentum not only wants to keep

us going. but going in the same direction. When it is £_ . ﬁ','f,'s"'”" trying to make us go straight instead of curving our : Us ,0 course. it operates under an assumed name. if you I so please. For then we call it “centrifugal force." I ran;

Now of course we all know what centrifugal force : wav is. We {sex it when we go around curves. Highways n and railroads are banked at curves to offset centrifu- V

gal force. Aviators bank their planes at turns by tip- ping them with the controls. But even though we all know about centrifugal force. few of us realize how powerful it is, and how much greater it gets the faster we go.

A 30.00-poundcar making a turn of 500-foot radius. has to overcome I centrifugal force of only about 156 pounds at 20 miles an hour. But at 30 miles

' ‘ ' an hour. that force has grown to 360 pounds. and at 00 it is nine times as great as at 20 . . . over fourteen hundred pounds trying its best to push us off the road! The only thing that keeps us on the road in the first place is the friction between our tires and the road. The minute the centrifugal force gets stronger than the force of that friction, off the road we go. 0 , The trouble is that we often don't realize how fast we're going. On road trips, for instance, after we have driven at a certain speed for a long time. it seems a small matter to increase our speed a few miles an hour. Then after a while we may do the same thing again. In other words, we keep putting \ _ forward our basis of comparison till by-and-by we :1. \ \ ..\\ have lost our usual sense of how fast we are going. Then, the first thing we know, we are lace-to-face with a turn or even half way around it and we feel Old Man Centrifugal Force trying to push us off the road.

So what do we do‘! We clamp down the brakes. It's the only thing we can do when we and we're going too fast. But just the same. approaching. that corner too test has kept us from taking it as we should have liked to. For if conditions permit, it is often desirable to increase speed as we go around a curve. As long as our rear wheels are not being retarded. but are actually pushing us around the curve, our steering is effective and our car

For instance. we all know that we ought to be careful about passing ‘

HENRYFURD

Born in civil war days on a .Michigan farm; schooled by a teacher who was a cooper on satur- days; taught dietltlcs by his mother when dlseoverd trading his lunch of wholesome bread for cake; in play hours building dams in the country ditch, to run crude machines by water power; doing endless fram chores; tinkering in the long even- ings with neighbors’ clocks and watches. Motherless at 13. Thatw as his childhood.

At 18 walked from farm to Detroit hunting a job. Labored by day at drydock engine works; paid room rent by repairing watches at night-—being kept out c‘ sight by the jeweler, lest customers, seeing him. might doubt so young a lad ‘could do an expert job .Worked at I the railway car shops; barely miss- Jed discharge by quitting——becau5e . he angered the older hands by mak- ing in half an hour repairs that or- dinarlly required half a day, "1 learned then not to tell all I know," {he says, “but I thought everyone

wanted to learn the better way." 1 Worked nights at a vise clamped to ‘sh!-5 boarding house window sill, ‘until the young teacher in the next jrocm complained that it set her lteeth on edge. Talked with gray. [haired mechanics wherever he 5.-ould; took any job. to tear new knowledge out of it; thrilling ‘throughout his being to every form of machinery as ..others thrill to music. Delighting in country dances; attended business college nights and Sunday school on Sun- days, asking questions seldom mnswered. Attracting the attention lot‘ the girl he married by eagerly showing her a watch he had made that kept two time.s—qulfe different from the other swalns who giggled. operated a threshing machine; i travelled as service man to traction it‘n$;1nes; set un his own sawmill, {himself sawing: the lumber for his I first house. That was his youth and ‘early manhood. 1 A_t 28. engineer for the Edison illliuuinuting Company of Detroit, :\'.‘l:.°r€ single-handed he installed ,the 8-hour day for his helpers. iworking nights on it horselcss car- ._<*fnr:c. greatly cnccuragcd by _Thomas A. Edison: running his t little car around Drtroit to the .<;lt-rnatv‘on of horses and the "-.muscmcnt of men: nncl—-typical of ‘his engineers k‘onscience—waltlng ;-‘even years after his first car ran ‘before he would sell one. so he .r-r-.me to his 40th year and began to ‘make automcbi‘es.

His initiation in business was a court bntllc—a closed association of manufactures refused him per- mission to make his own car; he won. and liberated the entire indus- try from that obstruction. as was told in a previous talk. The first three men he employed work for him yet. Sold, delivered and ser- viced his first cars himself. Father warned him he was producing too fast—35 cars a week!—thought ,:uch big prdouctlon would saturate the market. exhaust “the demand. '~.‘he business grew—outgrew several «factories—Ford always adventuring. "Good enough" was not good enough. He ran the price of a Ford car dovm from $2,300 in 1906 to $360 in 1916. He ran production up from six cars a day to 9000. From $2 a day. he ran wages up to 37-3- cay minimum. In 1915. his volume reaching 300,000 cars, he returned $50 to each purchaser and cut the price. Always trying the untried, he

inspired Edgar Guests's famous poem— .

"He started to sing as he tackled the thing

That couldn's'be done, and he did it"

He won and retains every auto- mobile production record ever made —-for the number of cars sold: for the number of cars of any model sold; for the number of cars on the road today, and for the number of cars that have been longest on the road; for the number of countries throughout the world in which his cars are made.

In mechanical progress a persis- ten pioneer. Introduced and devel- oped alloy stell for automotive use. making possible great strength without excess weight. First to in- troduce enclosed brakes. the six- brake system, the floating axis. the welded steel wheel, the all-steel safety body. the one-piece cylinder block casting. the removable cylinder head-—all eventually adopted by the automotive indus-

is under contmL

‘ The long and short of it is that we can't take liberties with the laws of momentum and centrifugal force. Man’: speed lawn may not elwayn be observed. but Nature’: speed laws always are! . ,

L; --——~---— ~-- -- - — - -—

.RED INDIAN , SERVICE STA HON

Washing, Greasing, Simonizing

Your Car Insured while . in our care. . ’

Carsicalled for and Delivered.

Phone 1234. . . I .-

try, First to equip low-priced cars throughout with safety glass: first to use torque tube drive; first. and thus far the only one. to ﬂdlvpiv ""5 V-3 engine to the popular car. De- monslratlng how a score of things can be done when people get ready to do them. Constantly working on plans and experiments to give 881’!- cultute a large rindustrial market. His greatest personal pleasure— creating more jobs. His constant goal-—high and yet higher wages.

L, tside of business. P1‘83°1'V°5 American folk music and dances: rescues the old la.ndmarke—Lon8- fellow's Wayside inn, "Mary's Little Lamb" schoolhouse: cmrthouse where Linciln began to Pile?-ice law; the laboratories where Edison wraughf. his wonders: Mcauffey readers.- Establishes schools .end trade schools. Builds great Ameri- can museum and historical village. as an institute to wcnnolory for young Americans. During his recent Georgia. vacation he "rested" by building a sawmill and wood-wurb in. shop; for young people. can- tends there an fifty opportunities open today where one existed when he was young. looks for the ulti- mate prohibition of war. races the future unperturbed. with faith in «American people and American destiny. says if he knew my better ny of helping than by etickinl to his Job he would do It. And so. at the|geof'I!.hhfeoeis1nf-he light: he believes it is still early morning in America.

lien lull-rs fr cert threat

For V-8 cars for l936.'~have been beautifled by restyling the radiator grille. hood and fenclers,.a.nd by the adoption of, steebwheels. Interiors likewise are more attractive. Several improvements have been made in the steering mechanism, and in the transmission which now has silent, helical gears throughout. The capacity of the cooling system has been increased from 5 to 5 ‘:5 gallons, mainly by enlarging the radiator.

The hood looks longer because its ‘top panels are carried all the way forward to the radiator grille. The grille is a new shape, com- paratively broad at the top and narrowed at the bottom. The vertical bars, chromium-plated on the de luxe models, are framed in a narrow moulding of stainless steel. A trim strip of the same material runs up the center of the grille to join a new V-8 emblem at the top. There are two rows of hood louvers with more closely spaced slots» instead of three rows with wider slots. Additional louvers are con- cealed under the fenders. Fenders are more dteply crowned and ate creased along the centre. Head- lamps are longer and more grace- ful. In the de luxe cars, the horns are concealed behind chromium- plated circular grilles set in the apron; between fenders and radio- tors shell. V ' ‘

Several refinements combine to. reduce steering effort approximate- ly ‘I599. The overall steering ratio has been increased from 15 to l.to17 to 1 Thi; take; into account a half inch increase in the length of the right steering arm spindle to bring the drug link more nearly parallel with the front axle The stecrng gear cro<s shaft is mount- ed on needle roller bearings. There fore all hearings in the unit are- now untl-friction type. The worm and sector are lapped. An adjust- ab'9 drag link makes it possible to se‘. the "high spot" on the steering sector to conform‘ [‘XllL‘ti_v with the 5l.l'aii.‘.ill. llil(‘ll(i position of the front wheels Improvements in all the trans- mission includc the adoption of sil- ent helical gesizng for all speeds, and the reduction of gearshift lever movement by 5-8 inch from

Rest)/ling Ford V‘-8; H‘as’f_'New Bead; And Efficiency‘-.

shaft gears is tsken.by‘l.argo” float-. ing washers. t ; 3 _

The new cold-pressed steel wheels “differ from. oﬁiers «of similar appearance in tint; tho ' center section is weldde to.ther‘1m. at every point wh'ere- the en

ed centers of stainless steel.-' new wheel weighs nearly‘- pounds less than the old. . ~ ~..

As1astyear,theroa.re tenbody types in the de lune line asvfélllawn: Three and five-windowed couple. roadster, canbriolet with rumble, phaeton, convertible phaeton, Tudor and Border sedans with and _ without built-in trunk. 'l‘hree - of these body types are also'supplied without deluxe’ equipment; namely, the five-windowed coupe. Tudor and Fordor Sedans. _'_

All cars are equipped with an electric fuel gauge and ther- mometer. Deluxe appointments also include an oil gauge, foot rat in the Fordor and convertible sedans. chromluimplated windshield frame and two horns, rear light and sun visors.

By the adoption of hinged rear quarter windows in the Fordor sedans, it is feasible to recess the trim underneath so that elbow room is increased three inches. All other body dimensions are unalter- ed

The interior trim and upholstery of all de luxe models are new. Taupsveolored mohair and broad- cloth are used in the coupe; with Bedford cord also available in the sedans. Cushions and backs in the , open models are unholstered in] leathzr while the cabriolet and j convertib!e phaeton may also be‘ had in Bedford cord. A special? Bedford cord is used on the cars‘ which do not have do luxc cqulp- I

The instrument panels pyroxylin. In the dc luxc types the are also lacquered in gray plastic

Body color; for 1936, de luxe cars

include new shades. namely. gray. vineyard green and

neutral by chzzufzing the leverage betwcen gearshift ball and rails. The

1113]” oil. elee

cars are finished in gray metallic» "5 the 031'-

FORD!V-8 cARS-for 1936 feature a completely new exterior tneatmcnt with new hood and fender. styling, new grille and hcarllamps, new wheels and many detail reﬁnements. Interiors are new with the _ style and color of instrument panel and mouldings I to harmonize with uph: Istcry, trim and appoint- I RLC-HT—-Plenty of room for three passe/ngei mmt. I ments. Mechanical changes contribute to improved iiolli .. in an 5 steering, gear shifting and overall quiet operation I Quiet helical gears are now used in all

Ell LEFT—Thc dc iuxe ﬁve-wimlow coupe.__O

the rear seat of the Fordo , model and the Fordor sod and increased three inches '

—-K

gearshift bull and steering wheel 1' " ' " Wm“. Wheels a

‘fenders on do luxei proves the quiemess ointhe 1' me widows lms have knobs Qf guy cars are fiziised in the some color -, axle. ’ ' [us the body.

spacial attention has been given [Fatty Berg 0.’ Minneapolis is skip-| washjngton to siiencing the body. New materials yliillg her high school studies to join I —Afi'._er 12 years in .a_ gloomy b. . blue_ Cordoba tan, black and gun have been utilized on floo:s. door ‘the United s‘ates Curtis Cup titleping, once used to house horse tram.-

metal are continued. The last two El-‘Id body P511935 811d d8 h. and an ,clc-fence team with ‘ '

l,_Vm o

I NEW YortK—E1gmeen year old‘. - - . MAN , Engla.nd—-(C. 9.1

seven‘ othenlc-ars, ‘the Manchester

cosmos , , “WATCH THE" Fﬂllﬂﬁalg

5* ' ‘ Tu: Foan V-8 is car value No. I by u very wide margin. strength with wide sly,-ncvlde breed Iuppoﬂ for It in still the only car under $1500 with u V-I engine.‘ _ Modﬂn moloﬂng uquli-on at leaf eight cylinder: and extra Ferd glue you their smooth power and performance -with econen . More than two million nuatorhll have nd_ 0 e V-I on the road. They are eetﬂed at it in the meet do endable Ford peer built.

The IISO Perri V-I in more reliable than ever. Every part and feature is built to flu high standard of the V-I engine. New refinements. of electing and your hhlltlng make driving «rain and more pleuurcble. Quick-acting Super-Safely lrakbe‘ have more elective lnelcfnq and per pound of ca weight than any other

Ihutuureguldr

low-priced oer. Gold drawn steel wheels of unusual mo

lmxlfbclloentlrd.

or more ' Riding dldnilrd 50¢!

3? 9'

_ _ , Glue throughout at no

in an iupelluheelety feature. Miles on

hecuuu of Centre-Poilo

nen.i.Yeu would have to step

up to I! much higher pflooteqot the unulucl iectuul _ equfpdlt witljho Foul V-I.

Make your own test of 7-! value and dependability in your Ford dealer’: car. Kevinvilee you to drive It at your convenience. today. _ TIIIC Ill IIHDAY IVININO IIOIII ll?-'3.’ ‘.""’n"£'; ::.ra'.~" E“m..‘°'°"l.'t'».'..uu."".""

Hindi] IVii'(‘_'§fo)- Columbia .

ghm-, 9010,»; are the ones used on. improved ‘method of balancing who saw service with the Ameri- o; y _«is to..xno:y% flirt: the 16- gm.‘ trust of the counter- cars without de luxe equipment. _,Bl1<1 3113111118 the dl'I\'0 Shaft 1111- can side either in 1932 and 34 or.n:de1led Princes as _.

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