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rue CI-IARLOTT_E_'I‘,OWN__AG_U_ARDIAN

ltfuniitig Daily (Founded in i881)

PAGE FQUR _ % j MARCIZiQ-AQAQ _ EDITORIAL notes - - ' " ' i- T"! Th m b we f h Ly aortas av m: war ,,.,,,,,¢ FORUM I" Ummrm Arm" ere wt e one a sentee rom t e gis- In addition to Genoml Mo- lgtuiye at this Scssitm, through no fault of his Sweden “w”. on ‘h. Con“ fiog$hf°gt_°‘fi,lfi,f,'ld°'om°fi,mghfil,‘f~

m.- ldent. LicuL-Col. w. Chester 8- Mel-Ire Vice-President, J. R. Burnett, IJJ. secretary. LiULlL-COI D. A. tlacliinnota. 0.8.0. Editor and ltliinzigin; Director. J. R. Burnett». FJL 1' soriuic Editor. Frank Walker.

SUIISFIVPTION BATES cl“

__ 1 d~ e) leilverci be , ufiioiiplifleii“. finial-isle InlIlCfl t» r e Island i5 00 per \‘i‘i\l‘ tin advance) mailed to Clllldl and U.S.

l Alcnilmrs Audit Bureau of Clfflllli-Iflnl

“The Strongest lllomory is Weaker than the Weakest Ink."

IT '- —~-——:'~'—

unuv. nuncu 29, 1940. _, » ._:_-_— \Var Expenditure

show tile l» (QlllllfV which is resulting

B._,.,-.._,... stimulus to the

ecunnu: c i . . from t, _,. ,~._, .r .\ll\llllt by month, it 1S imru. ~ ,- t- l. - ~l. lu February the gross

_\.l\'. were 35 per cent above

(‘dflllliQs til l

thu<e ui lb‘ '\'_ my), and the C.P.R. was up gup p41‘ . . lhc incrcase in export Ifadti f0,- tlu- >1l'~“ 1h was from $57.50_0.00° l0 $71_.v.........‘ ,- -‘. itutuble increases in food- stuff! hm; tp".\'41it'lll[ and manufactured

, .

will fl0\v more

is t", uiivq, and it

~ '_ :' it u will ebb when the \var ex-

pt uisofnr as we can retain

_ i m‘.

u.lu<try' and any new ex- ~ <rctire in Latin-rhnerica liar as the war industries or production. while it lasts, will serve the (‘X".<*' .~ .' :::' m purpose of providing p.,~,-.»-»,.~l -- < ~ ~< with which to meet the cost t ~ ' 1.. support our effort in the will be large increases in fit- iav levies—from the cor- v which has been raised to I8 s wzccss profits tax on war in- ‘ l)ll>illCS$, from the per- mom the very productive 1 the customs duties.

gntlnl itvf fillr" l'l\'

sales twx a~l f

Wiwo Main Causes’ '

“Two nuvzi causes obviously conspired to give nzie Kin "s Gtwernment a victory at ' l tincd to stand out in Can- ‘y for years to come," says , . l‘ <t~llt~rttrrl. “One was the per- fccth: rt 11ml inclination of a loyal British Do- ntiitihu to s! 1nd by a Government which, what- ever its fsnfi‘ avl shortcomings. was neverthe- 165; n. r the cutintrys war effort at a great and formidable mili-

the in" _

‘an. C.,... 1e other cause.-—that which swap», 9w, l-c scat into the Liberal column, Dun; d: My opposite both in its origin (“pl i1; .- nloiive. Quebec was appealed in by Til- lfllpfiilllt and Cardin directly, “m1 by F. 5 with clear implication, to vote

tuwple might be protected from of llllllifify conscription through- .»n of the war, by the present Ad- - l (jucbcc responded with whole- t the precious principles con- ‘uhllylllg appeal."

1 l election campaign is over and our flythtcy contemporary concludes sagely, i: is up to the Government to get on with the wznz throwing into Canada's effort all the ability anl energy the Cabinet can muster. A, for flu; (pu-‘ervatives, they need entertain no envy of the l iovernment over the job that confronts .\lr. King and his associates. The po- litical Wllcfil will revolve again in clue course, perhaps more quickly and with greater momen- tum in the g-btck than anyone can present- ly forcscv. A Government which administers the affairs o.‘ a country at war lives from day to day in an atmosphere of growing criticism and national tenc-foit. liew such Governments sur- vive long after the return of peace. Meanwhile it is the duty of all patriotic Canadians to give- loyal support and help to those who have been mandated to carry on at Ottawa while the war lasts. Partisan politics may now be well forgot- ten till the end of the war."

The sat or Syit

done wi'h."

It l: more than likely that the British and Ca- nadian flycrs who struck at the island of Sylt were bombarding their ancestral homes. The language of its itihzibitants, the Sildringer, is Frisian, which of all the Teutonic languages most resembles English. The link between Fris- ian and die old Anglo-Saxon is exceedingly close. 'l'he l-‘risiati inhabitants of Hciigoland felt in lSqo, when Britain bartcred their island to Gcrmznty, that they were being sold by their own people and put under a foreign yoke. The British vowed then that there never would be a repetition. i

'l'lte origin of the Angles, Saxon and Iutes is lost in tlu- fog of time. Some say that the most 115ml term “ Mud/i" is meaningless, because there ncvcr ‘\'.'t~'. an)" migration of Angles. For certain nntiv of tht- iIlVJHlPTS came from Schlesswig" llolstciti, uliith includrs Sylt and the neighbor- ing island." That rmcicnt duchy was part of Den-

marl; until l'rit-"~ia wvtit on its first rampage in (“Futon Yirlwltals lintc.

'l'h<-<t: l-‘ri-izius are a quaint" serious, sober plullS full; vhf» zuzikc their living largely from thr‘ sra and an- notable for that love of freedom which unlv thc '-I‘.’l!)l‘lllCIIIOUIIIZIIIIIOP engenders. 'l'iu~ir tnuitu, “lcitlwr (lead than a slave," is fa- milini- Pil(li‘.’_'ll u, Flrllfl‘ a responsive chord in an

liucvlisliiiiauk thuugbts. 'l‘he Frisians, unlike the llyltwiqitg \\'i~".‘t~ r-lirly llffillgllf vlilKlCf‘ fliC influ-

(‘llw- ui ("hr wuiirv. Laws were early developed.

‘the lhic-lfili u-u-d "dlt" doubtless has the szmr» nriciu as “.<_\li." as also has the Swedish "stilt." rtu <flll ut- pickle) and the English word "salt." (ll'l‘,flll'l‘l\' "sill." lilcllllt "saltness." Sylt,

m-iutuv. l.':1';'1‘<l island in thr- North Sea. is lav", '\" s'"ul d"n:--. its coast line has changed au-l chzuuu-ls h'|\:~ l‘<‘t'i1 biocltctl with the silt of ll]-- utlltls tluci- ilpun a time, although perhaps

.1 uiilii m viz-tn ago. Sylt was part 0f the main- land. For ruililzirv lTfbfilji, practically all the fivt: llllIl‘>-7tll1l p~oplc of Sylt have been evacuat-

cd by tlic licnuzuts

lllltli

In the House of Commons we will have at least two members whose voices will carry weight in the discussion of ziffztirs of State.

i‘ 1k

Evidently we arc going to have a lamb-like departure of the tnuuth of hlztrch-stormy both meterologically and puliticallv.

Ill I >i1 Ill

The prospects arm-rather indefinite as yet— that Prime Minister Klnclccnzie King Will retire before the end of tlir wztr, and be succeeded by Finance Minister Ralston.

at n. n: Oit- thing is fcasrntubly certain now-there will be no general QlUCililllfi, Provincial or Feder- al, for the next four ycars to disturb the har- mony of the community. 1k it‘ i

John Keble, "'l'he (‘ltrisiiait Year.” died this date. iStio. ".\'v.\"t to a sound rule of faith, there is nothing uf so much Cllil>Ct|liCllC€ as a sober standard of ikv‘iili|‘l$ in muttcrs of prac- tical religion."

i i‘ i

This is gospcl-dwclicvc it or not. A young lady purchased a new spring creation of a hat, all flowers and bonus. $lw found she had to attend a funeral llPfiIH’ guuzg to a fashion show,

so wore a dark ft-h hut. C.'ll'l‘\ inu" the spring crea- tion in a paper bag \x . -~ church dour she hand- ed the bag to an alivnlltvt t» l<<‘<‘il till after the service. Imagine tlu- shill." and surprise she re- ceived when the Zlllfillililll, inislillting her instruc- tions, placctl the lvu in zill its lovclincss among

the wreaths and crusscs rut the coffin. i i ‘i! Ill

At the outbreak ui \\.';\r there was an immedi- ate and inevitable ri-t- iu the United Kingdom

in the cost of bitying f-wtl .'tl»r.>;ttl, rcsttltiitg from a number of cans lilfiitlillll" the devaluation of the pound. highcr fivi lit-y and war risk insur-

ance. The cost of r imlvx rose front I55 at the beginning of Sc, .- lImVl‘ to 173 at the end of November. Due tn tilt‘ action taken by the Government, the cost of fund index was un- changed betwccit l)<‘('\"lill1(‘f and January. The policy of the (“un-vritiiti-tit will cutizinuc for a time at least to hold rciziil lull-vs uf staple foods, or at any ratc to (lclny and chi-cl; the abruptncss of any rise, a policy which will bt-itciit wage carti- ers and persons with sin-ill incomcs.

I Ill is i‘

Argentine PilFCllZl-Cs m’ nuwsprint. seed po- tatoes, farm inlplcnlctlfs and awllPilOS fibre from

Canada give the lluiinuiitn a favourable balance 0f trade with .\l‘j_‘t'illll'.fi zihnwst every year, states J. A. Strong, (fztunlizni lrznlc (fummissioncr at Bitenos Air-cs in a rt-purt u. the Department of

'l‘rade and (Ionlmcrtwx. "tliii-i-qttciitlij, Argentina

must take frcc c-xclrtiwe tlllliilllCll front other sources to tiny ftr m‘ ‘r pitrcluiscs that may be made in Catmda.’ ltc _\'~. “The present scarc- ity of free exchange tlullttrs Argcntiiufs policy

of restricting othcr pnrcluiscs from Canada t0 necessities not obtaiuzlblc t'l~<_‘\\'llL'i'€ in direct exchange for hcr own t-xpurts. Argentina would like t0 be able to buy ir-un (‘ttnrida at this time

more paper, Wlunl pulp, ll't~'t‘ mctzils, iron and steel, and other raw and <t'llll-fl'(llll'lt‘lilf‘(i ma- terials required for lu-r .»\vu mauufactttring in- dustries, but is illlt"l'l‘~lt'll itnly in a comparatively

limited nuntbcr of inn-s of fully manufactured goods." n- n a w-

“As long as the labcl itu-ittiotts precisely that the parcel is destined to the armed forces of Great Britain 0r of (‘.u1:ttl:i, such parcel will en- ter France ditty five,“ siznvs 'l't-rcttde Barre, Canadian cflllIillCrUlill Attache at Paris in advis- ing the DCpLlfllilClll of 'l'r.'ul.-> and Commerce of the tariff treatment accurdctl to gifts sent to members of llis Majesty's fnrccs in France. Par- cels containing tobacco or its prorditcts may be sent to any soldier in ilacltitgcs not exceeding 5 kilograms. With rcgzirtls to pack-ages containing other goods, these must not be greater in weight than 5 kilograms, and must contain only food- stuffs or articles of currcnt personal use, such as clothing, socks, books, snap, pipes, pen-knives, post cards, letter paper, pencils, razor blades, etc., he says. No tobarcv) or its derivatives may be sent with such gcncral parcels. Alcoholic or non-alcoholic beverages must be sent separately, and must pay the usual customs duties. Parcels addressed by the Red Cross to its units in France will also be exempted front customs duty. w a a a

Better understanding of the mechanism of sugar metabolism, most common disorder of Wl1iCl'l is found in diabetes, may probably result from further dcvelopnicitt of preliminary re- search discoveries announced by Dr. I. B_ Col-

departmcut, and co-u-nrkor with Sir Frederick Banting and Dr. C. H. llcst in the early work 0n insulin. Most intcrestitig aspect in relation to the results of recent studios at the university, Dr. Collip is the fact that the pituitary gland, which is known to contain a substance which acts atttagoltisticztlly to itisitlin, contains also I substance which has an iusitlin-like action. In the Canadian Medical Association journal for February, Dr. Collip reports the results of a pre- liminary study of the effects of the oral ad- ministration of a pituitary extract, prepared from the primary alcoholic extract of prime whole gland tissue, upon (lialtctic patients and upon normal rabbits, rats and monkeys, and one depancreatizcd moulu-y. “Evidence that the ex- tract bas a profound effect upon carbohydrate (sugar) metabolism has been obtained, but the significance of this is yet to be determined,” the internationally known attthority on hormones says in his article. lle thought it “unfortunate", however, that, in reporting by some sections of the lay press of scit-tttific articles published in technical journals, iun-rprctation sometimes went beyond the claims mrnlc bv the scientist, In the particular instance of the studies concerned, he wishes “most citiphziticztliy" tn have it known that he considers the rcsults nf the experiments described in the article as cmircly academic so far. They offer no hopi- uf \‘lll)§lillili0fl of oral treatment for itisitliu llill'tllllil\' in the case of

those patients now ltnuwn to rcqttirc insulin.

lip, head of .\lcGill University's biochemistry of

murmur. Police raids all over the country have yielded evidence that. funds for Communist activates had sm led from Russia. The French po have also proved that. Moscow money was being used to finance subversive activities in the interests of Stalin and Hitler. Is it. likely that Britain has escaped these underground ovteziuons? Our peo- ple will not tolerate much longer the antlpatriottc cries for Russo- Gerrnan peace designed to rob them of their liberties. We shculd follow the example of France and Sweden. -- London Dally Mall.

It to not at once that the full power of the Efmmre can be marsh- alled. Germany has but to mob- ilize and march to the frontier she Intends to violate; in a few days after France has given me owe;- her colonial troops can begin m cross the Mediterranean. But our mun-cottons spun the henuaphere and reach to the Antlpcdes. Not only ls the distance great. and the seas dangerous, but we here can give no order and make no pan. We can appeal to the equal mem- bres of our Commonwealth. but. the decision and thospeedof tbeans. we: rest with them. Thus when we hear that the forces of Australia and New Zealand have arrived safely at Suez our first feeling must. be one of gratitude, for their Government's choice war. a frce one and they need not have decided to help us. - lvllztnchester Gunman.

What i: this change that seems to have oome over German strategic thinking in recent weeks? Herr von Rlbbentrop was quoted in an a/utltorltatlve German ccm- mantaxy the other day as having said that. the war would be Over In a. year but that Gemtany was prepared for a five-year war. The Ls very different from the lightning triumphs so often predicted by Nazi leaders-different. tco. frcm the hammer-blow tactics of Fred- erick the Great, whom Iiftlsr pro- fesses tvo have adopted as his model. If German leaders now believe seriously that their people can withstand an indefinite siege something has happened to make the prospect of a long war more attractive than l-t was. ‘the ex- planation lies partly in Russia and 1n Gennants hopes d developing the potentialities of Russian re- sources to break the Brit/sh block- ode. An unusually severe Winter 1n Russia and the Balkans has help- ed ho block essential German 1m- ports from tthe East: but. Winter does not. last: forever. Now than. Spring has thawed the frozen Dan- ube. Gannon thoughts are appar- ently turning again in the direc- tion of Hitler's boast of last year that he had found a. way to smash the "elicit-clement." of the Roan- An Editorial 1n the New York Time-i.

Hitler and Mussolini met at the Brenner Pass on Italy's northern border. Following t.h‘s meeting, de- scribed ln Rome as “cordial? there alnpeamd a strteiment, from B=r1t:i. Two leaders were said to have agreed on "possible ultimate part1- cipatfon of Ita‘y in tre war on Gssr. manyb sfde if and when such a course shculd be deemed preferable to the present. stat-us of my. not neutral and yet not wagng wrr." There was also the suggest on that there might occvr an extersion of the Rc-me - Berlin ax’s to include Moscow. This last nccomplsh- ment we may view wJLh a 3301 dsal of skenrfolsm. We do rot bet eve Mussolini can at any time lead the Italian ocople into an alliance with Soviet Russia or into a war as on aIlv of Moscow. As to Italy par- ticipating tn this war on the side of the Nazis, there are many angles to be considered, so far in tlrs can- fllct. Italy has def ntte'y not. been a neutral. Through Italan ports and over Italian railways therg nus flowed a steady stream of war ma- terials into Germany. It. has barn more profitable for the Nazs to have Italy on the ddzllnes than actually in the war. when her ports would be biockadrd. -L:incl0t\ Free Hess.

Ono of the choicest tributes t0 the result of the old-fashioned classical education was paid by a German newspaperman at. Geneva recently. He had been watching the progress of the dtplrmatac game that was being played by the re‘:- resentataives of the countries around the League of Natlenas table at Geneva. and was amazed at the consummate skill with which the head of the Brltsih delegation, Richard Austen Butler, conducted the manoeuvres of the a-lued pow- ers, and found a common ground on which the opposing forces could agree. He said: "Only an English- man. with a classical education and addicted to gclrf and brkfge. ever reaches that. perfection in dlplDfIl- may than. knows when how to cou- oede o point and yet. win the guano. — rm- Wiliiam Times Jour- m .

The International Joint com- mission made up of three Amer.- oana and three Canadians. will con- sider in April the conflicting claims Cormdlsn and North Dakota rancher: ho water rights along the Sous-ts river, which flows into North Dakota from Saskatchewan and hoops book Into Manitoba. Nobody oaireu esooept. the ranchers them- selves. and they bake calmly for granted that. whatever sclut. on the commission arrives st. will be amis- factory to both soles. Thee unm- portame o1 this news ls the only significant tilting about it. Such o. dispute could be whipped into o goodmiza border war if it happen- ed soy, on o German boundary or a Russian frontier. — Mnneupolll Star-Journal.-

Mun h; Vancouver, said to hove confused ot. stemltng $26,000 worm of Jewels. is reported to have of- fered 0o mum B0 percent, of the loot. ff police will drop the charges. He's almost u generous as Hitler in his pews offeri - Owen Somme Bun-Tums.

Illtlor II said to be toying with the idea of s and assault. on the M not. Line. e vwbably wlntn w fin out for hlrnseQt what. happens when on lrrsatlble force rnees an immovable object-a, Satur- day Night.

SUGAR FOR BIB DONALD i

KINGBION - ON - ‘IHAMIB. England - (CPI — librertxatnfl WW- ers under on ancient- charter, Kingston corporation has appoint- ed th Attorney-General, Si: Don- aid Bomervell, as Recorttr of the

sum

lotlctun Oundln loos an n- conully undone the qphlp" gg

oorreluondonk MANUAL TRAINING IN OUR RURAL SCHOOLS

lrz-Those w believe that manual train g la Just. an educa- tional frill and that it. is

the curriculum, should spe wi Mr. Joe (J ran. His report submit- ted at. the last. meeting of the Y's Meifs Club. and printed in the Guardian of March 26 shows pinin- lyl the deep need for Sell-GXDICBIOII t rough hand-croft. and the possi- billty of filling that. need at very little oost.

The class 1n wood-work. w. Cu:- ran says, began four veers Mo with “borrowed tools. donated labor and u small room near the bowling alley for a. work-she ." ‘There are

one in boat-bulldi terest. was aroused at. introduction of manual tralnim in two of the city schools What. great obstacle ls there in making manual tramtn part of the course of study in all t e schools of the province? Hand-work is as important for the development of boys and girls, men and women. as book learning. 'I‘he less bookish feel lt-s need. and the most. intellectual. There is a cer- tain brainv and prominent lawyer in the city who 51788145 of his "worship" with the enthusiasm of a boy. an finds his happiest hours spent. sawing and hammering and carving. There ls another professional man who prides himself on havlnfz thg “finest carpentry tools on P. E. I..' and tying them too. Women who havP raised families and can now “rest? to classes In clav modeling or leatter work or what not. The most ideal wav of course ln our schools, would to correlate hand work and book-learnlnrr. The modern progressive school is center- ed around such projects or "activity units". For instance take the project "Farmln "-un especially fine one for ruru dl-trlcts. {fiery child takes part, according to his stage of devel- opment. There are models of the various buildings-sheds. stalls, bird house and dog house-and the farm-house itself-the youngest child can find and paste pictures. model animals and plants-wr- draw and paint them. Girls can hook rugs. take charge of the curtains. g0 as deeply in home making and home planning as time and their resources TWTMll.—I.v8YlglI8.2Q lessons grow out of the need to write and talk about the various phases of the project: arithmetic l5 taught in connection with the necessity for measuring and contptttiniz; science grows out of the desire to study roll. machin- erv. etc. Geography L; part. of the interest in the market for the var- 1011s crops irrown on the farm- his- tory answers the questions about the people who live in those coun- tries. A little thought. and it. ls ob- vious how such t1 project. leads the child into every channel of skill and knowledge. The bupils now have real hotne-uprk, Thev cooperate with one another and with ther parents. School is alive. Of course the children are interested but that. doesn't mean they do not have the discipline of hard work or even at times of unpleasant» work. Every un- dertakint; has a certain amount: of drudgery, a certain amount 0f "dig- ging". But the tasks are self-impos- ed: thev are part of a lob that the child wishes to complete. "s of course is the baret. sl-LQBESUOX] of the correlation of lliilld-WOT-k and mon- tal work. Probably the time will come when all the possibilities in every curt-i will be developed; each ll do his share in a common en- vour. Each will contribute to the st- of his ability and their will be no failures. In the meantime is it really 1m- nossible to have manual training in our schools? wouldn't the older boy‘- be happy to build a crude shop during the vacation? Wouldn't. v- few bavs from the classes at. the ‘Y’ be ridding to Rive guidance? And wouldn't public spirited gladly "donate a. few tools, some lu be '1"