_. Well kept farm records improves management

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.. ,_ Bask., experimental farm. ‘‘This

Tsk Tid thar he~ts—reterr=-4

Page 2-B The Guardian - The Evening Patriot

ORGANIZATION NEEDED

By DAVID E. WARD : Firm Management _ Specialist P.E.I. Dept. of Agriculture Agriculture is big “business | and interest in agriculture in-| eludes nearly all our population. | A very large part of our a |

tion is coming to take the

mest interest in agricultural’ ; questions. However, the farm- er's interest in agriculture is a

%\The margin of profit on most &\farm products is small. There- 4\fore, in order to obtain a reas- onable standard of living from. {farming, the operator must turn cver a large volume of business. |

tion about the farm business

Products produced and items sold must result from sound

j\who can make adjustments

planning. Planning is a continu- | ;/0us process. The farm operator | . in;

<—

Bt

DEMONSTRATION AT PRIMA PLANT OPENING

t

| .

Holes are killed, a mass of whit

| mycelium * grows over them. ~—---$ome.of the ma

Crown, stem... | hi hange into sr ‘| rot effects ‘um ‘thea ciange Into sm a1

called sclerotia. The sclerotia may be as small as a elover seed or as large as a pea. They may be found attached to the surface of, or imbedded’ in, dead stems and roots or in the soil near the - roots.

When affected plant parts de- cay, the sclerotia remain in the soil as a future source of infec. tion. Sclerotia are the chief means by which the fungus sur.

—

Hf |

According to Dr. C.B. Willis of CDA’s Experimental F arm | here, red clover populations in| vives from year. to year. They mixed hay stands were reduced (oan remain viable in soil Yor nine per cent in 1964 and 15 per | several years i cent in 1965 by the disease and) The jongevity of the sclerotia as much as 40 pér cent in pure | jn the soil makes the problbm seedings of red clover. lmoré difficult but planting séed

In pointing out sdme cultural |free of sclerotia, plus clean dul- practices to control the disease, |tivation, deep plowing to bury Dr. Willis adds that resistant | sclefotia and long rotations, ‘do - varieties being developed should | aid in controlling crown awd also aid in reducing the damage. | stem rot. ;

Crown and stem rot is caused by a fungus that attacks plants im winter and early spring at relatively low temperatures. The test damage occurs

winters or under continuous snow cover. The dis- ease occurs in patches | throughout a- field, but when | conditions are very favorable | the’ patches ‘may become s0/

" Success in farming {s more,agement calls for the ability to{sults of these decisions. A’ good come more valuable and useful|and more dependent on good|make logical decisions and for|set of farm records helps as several years of information |sound management. Good man-|constant “evaluation of the re-|both jobs.

... Yes atFirestone Home and Auto there’sa

Numerous as to merge and | cause extensive damage to a stand. Because ‘the greatest re- duction in stand.occurs.in early}. spring, the damage is sometim:- | es confused with winter killing. | Most ‘species of clover as well | as alfalfa and birdsfoot trefoil | are susceptible to the. disease. Plants of all ages are affected. | The earliest eymptoins occur in | as rown spots on f png She planer The leav- | P R | N T E R Y es i die and the fungus : spreads to the crown and upper | Phone +8506 root area. As the stems and pe- qu

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GUARDIAN - PATRIOT

CENTRAL

bargain for every member C ee

Weed name guide cuts confusion

When a plant is known by a! variety of names, there’s bound} - to be confusion. Weeds are no | exception. . j

“Many farmers are familiar | with certain weeds on their own | Jand and refer to them by collo- quial names. that may have on- | ly: regional usage’, explains K. F. Best, of CDA’s Swift Current

speeds —

oftén hinders communication ‘be-— tween farmer and extension | service personnel.” - Some weeds are known by se- “veral names, Mr. Best. says. Stinkweed for example, is | known in varying areas as bas-

tard-cress, pennycress, — fan- .

weed, Frenchweed, wild . garlic Exclusive

and mithridate mustard The Bee

“scientific name is Thiaspi~ ar- transmission-

‘vense. j :

-, Researchers at the tid Cur- on. new -

rent Farm have come to the fF

rescue with a publication titled 3000, «4000,

“Common Names of Weeds of 5000

Canada” that is designed to

help standardize weed identifi- ‘

cation : icipiscesasesesaianilen tractors----—- ie am The Swift Current publica- nat

tion lists alphabetically many of the common names that have been used: for weeds in Canada. Where a name is no longer in general use or may be restrict- ed to a limited region, the ‘most popular name is indicated a- long with the scientific name:

“Thus a farmer wishing to inquire about control of a plant which he knows as Johnny-go- to-bed-at-noon, on checking the

ing to goat's-beard, or to use the scientific name, Tragopogon bius,’’ Mr. “Best explains. A copy of the publication may be obtained from the experi- etown

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a little more basic, it is his livelii- : .. hood: The farmer, for example, his farming operations which must organize his business into are based on facts about_the @ single unit that will pay as a.’ business js usually most suc- whole. He must have sufficient cessful. knowledge of business dealings FACTS ARE BEST | go he can conduct his transac- Adjustments, or changes made | i ; ‘ ; in the production plan, which tions in a business-like way. | " bett Each farm operator possess- | chee Laie oa = es, in varying quantities, the, guess. Facts necessary for ad- same basic resources —_ with ‘justment are contained in an_ which to earn_a living. These— |adequately kept farm account are land, labor. capital (in the, \ book. An adequately kept farm |" = a machinery, er }account book contains both fin-| -)-and management. To this} ancial and production records, | § extent then the farm operator DAVID WARD jas I’ve already mentioned. But | has complete control over what occupation {s rapidly changing. the income statement, for exam-+- takes place on his farm. There | pas been said that those who|Ple, measures only the financial | are, of~ course, some external fing jt difficult to make adjust- | Success of the operation. But fi-/ happenings he cannot control— ments really do not know wnat | 2@Mcial success or failure results| such as weather, the price of adjustments to-make because of from. technical operations which hogs in Chicago, etc. In a sense |the lack of adequate farm _rec.| involv: ields; r of] |. _.___‘then, each _Mman_can_do-what-he | oeag_A commercial farmer |COWS, litter size and other physi- , likes ane boone ae chis' 00-| without records ofallhis conte jal Sate tee oo _ ergies will make him. and yields, and of dollar c vestment in farming is je Land may vary in quantity | and vette by enterprises fails creasing and farming is big busi- ee fem ree teorees one farm and eae ito-ask himself-the right ques- /2©SS- Seu tg rae ere are certain advantag-|tions about his farm operation. |25 @ Tesult of technological ad- | ;.~ iled.This— ca es that aman With a “fair“size” These questions are a heeeasay ‘vances (néw~ sprays, 4mproved oats enue - 7 ig nee one a ae ee. istep toward any improvement. orig salen gyrgges Puen long term project, which should small farm may >d aS; Farm records will not solv * ' ‘ much machinery as a larger |all the practical problems ie ity cannot be expected to in- Line fare bane Oe wctas a farm, but not use it as much: /ing farmers, but it has been Crease from technology alone. it |. tacular returns or Sy aed Idlé machinery may mean lost|stated by many people, includ-|/8 important to supplement this ¢ on, one or two years of record | money. Small farms because of|ing farmers themselves, that\*echnology with improved man-|intormation. Records tell nly too many small fields implies |farmers need to have more can-|28ement. Management must | iat has happened Gonrvetine that labor cannot be used as|trol over their’ business. Rec-|have records and data on past | sions can be taken once this in. efficiently as on a-larger unit. jords you tell only what_has|Performance on which to base Labor then, {s a valuable as-|ha dab gre ek ee decision for, future production. | {rmation is known. Some man- , ft ned; can for, . set. The more efficiently labor is pepe That ri the sesnoneiilte| In the ‘course‘of a year’s oper~ pe eee ms gine pat = used, the more valuable it be-|of the farm operator. |ation a farm operator handles @ | )astures or hay land). but others comes. The average farmer just} Farm records (both produc- |Steat deal of money. Capital i8|(;. selection and improvement | about makes farm wages besid-|tion and financial information) |# Very important item and prop-' o¢ dairy cattle through selective | es interest on his capital. His|are important to the farm oper- |e" Management of a farmer’s|) edging) are of a long term | labor is his chief income. ator. If the need for better farm ee one - just “ viet aavatinn | . And so we’ve mentioned land, |records could be expressed in fe successtul operation Of Jabor and capital. Management |terms of dollars saved,.the farm | ‘he farm as is his erop and live- / ds the thing that coum operator might think differently |Stock management ability. All ATTACKS. WORD LOANS uw, everything else. One of the most, n | the detailed facts relating to the| “ wanrin (AP) _—. important questions of farm Ht (‘business cannot be committed writer - diplomat Salvador de | management is that of records |Fecords a be kept and es | Cesitied cycler at Somerting ‘Madariaga complained in the id accounts. One may mere iy Mist br studied. 1 : Catholic daily Ya that infu Net his assets— business a sia one is concerned with regards to these facts is necessary. This of Enotish eed are Cenlenter| personal with values at the be-| what type of records to keep, it | eeganized ta fe recne ne jing’ the Spanish language. He ginning and end of each year. | : Sey a oe <cons ee trae SESOURY cited: “living,” ota -apely “Tk Such a list is called an inven-|ing wl ormation : ; bin,” instead of ‘‘sala’’ for tory. The difference between in- | You wish to obtain from the rec- | PURPOSE 27 living room, and the adoption at ventories at the beginning and |ords. For example, if a man! The purpose of farm accounts such~words as romance, motor | end of the year is gain or loss, |Who feeds hogs is anxious to de- ¢an be listed as follows: - and gas. ~ This is the most important sin- | termine return above feed costs (1) To determine the annual | < e gle record to keep. It does not.|he needs an inventory of feed | financial returns and costs from BRITAIN ISSUES VIEWS show what caused the gain or |and hogs on hand at the start ofthe farm. : : _ . Joss, but shows the net result. A|the accounting period. an ac-| (2) To compare one year’s; LONDON (AP)—For the first : 4 ‘cash ledger by enterprise and {count of all transactions during farm business with another. time, Britain is to issue pic- ’ ‘type of receipt or expense ie ao and a closing inyen- | _ oS = provide the figres re- | torial ae for no = have to be kept in order to re-| , : | qui or Income Tax returns. |commemorative reason. Jate-specific receipts. and expen- | Sige Eclat reann for eee (4) we provide information re- four stamps show an English ges by enterprise. | is to provide | quired rove the f. age scene,a Northern’ ae is ne. sound infor- |{i#ancial and physical (numbers, ates. - se =? Nan woos a Welsh eastle mation-and I don’t believe that | Pounds, bushels, etc.) informa- (5) To aid in obtaining credit. and a Scottish glen. ‘ there is a person who would dis- : = agree with what has been said) te ‘ ee = ~te this point. That information | : NEW : = ; ; ee - is as true today as the day it} / ; ere - SIZE TRACTORS far have we come’ in our think- : ; ing? In an old agricultural text : book I read recently there is a Ww ve é suggestion for one solution —_ of | F ; the farm labor problem. It | Reco shows a picture of one man han- - ; peepee - Z ~ : cape nee dling a four horse hitch pulling | a three furrow plow, the cap- = erat 4 : tion reads ‘‘one man doing mdre 1 Z = a work than two would do with | Gemmender 6000

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