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I bar Canadian Ihu! NCWUIU. an Publisbcu Auodalioi Member of lhe FIIIIIIIII Membnr Audit Iuruu ll CircnlIt-i:I””"- Irlnrb offices II sununerade. luau; Pg 0'... Anthoriud II Second Clan IIIII I! Department. Otutn "g" F. I. - ca lotfnlnwl. umuiut” - . :IERILI:T:I'II!Y-E". PP-'-I 5-” 0”" P"""'”" ". u 3, Ii!.0tl In Innun. V

Trio ItroIIK?5i'Tm9m"3'h :'n" a” the weakest III. FRIDAY. APRIL 5- 1957

P;-53..., I. Should Be Revised isn't it about time this nation's

It:lN'lliill Ari were rcvi-cd in order in niake our much talked 3h0Ui "imi- wi.-al suitragc" ll fact? As things nlp mm, 3 gtmti niaiiy t'aiiadiaiis M,” ,,,,,m, in. I-xpP('iPfi to use their ii";-iiiriiise intelligently are denied the prixilege and are. tiicrefore. put down on the records as second-class ('lliI.9ll.s'--if. iiiiiecd. votcicss persons in a free country can be called citi- zens at all.

There may be sufficient justifi- cation for keeping inmates of prisons and mental instutitions from voting. The former, for the time being. have forfeited the rights of citizenship; and the latter could hardly be ex- pected to distinguish between the merits of one party or one candidate and those of another. (In this, how- ever, I great many people who have "all their faculties" are in no better case!) But to deny voting rights '0 judges and returning officeis would seem to be pointless, arbitrary, un- just and disrespectful. Judges, espec- iaiiv, (this is no reflection on re- turning officers) are supposed to be men of discretion and wisdom. They pay their taxes like the rest of us and are interested in good govern- ment and sound laws. Why, then, should they be put in the same class as convicted law-breakers and men- tai incompetent.-1? It doesn't make sense. And surely the fact that re- turning officers attend to the voting mechanics used by their neighbors is no reason why they themselves should be deprived of the basic right of citizenship.

issue Still Unsetliecl

There can be no question now as to who is doing the dictating in the Suez Canal imbroglio. Colonel Nas- ser says he plans to clamp complete Egyptian control on the canal and the toil money as well. He promises ttunintcrruptcd navigation to ships of all nations"; but that doesn't mean Israeli ships because the I948 state of war with Israel still exists in Nasser's opinion. The United Na- tions Security Council is scheduled to discuss the issue today, but there is little to be expected from this quarter. Indeed, Mr. Dulles in an- nouncing the U.S. decision to put the Suez problem back into the lap of the Sccurit.y Council made it clear that he was doing so merely to "bring the Council up to date on what has happened." This means that it is going to be up to Britain and France and other user nations to propose Council action-if any action is to follow.

The American attitude to take the issue to the UN. but leave it there. without exerting leadership toward a solution, is just what Nas- ser is banking on. Since it appears obvious that the United States has no intention of insisting down the line on Egyptian acceptance of the six principles approved by the Se- curity Council last fall, then. as an American commentator observes, ”the problem becomes one of mak- ing the Egyptian terms as palatable and acceptable as possible." This is about all the Dulles policy has achieved.

One thing that should be chal- lenged is Egypt's denial of unmo- lested passage to Israel or any other nation. This issue is vital to the status of iinternationai waterways. All nations have the right of pas- sage thrmigh such waterways except during in period of active warfare, when the status would depend on the aimed strength of each side. kypt and Saudi Arabia have both challenged this view. As pointed out Iv I writer in the New York Timcl. 3-cneir not position were adopted, .; h wblt could hlpptnz Va: crimp on France ind III to is the inritory, on both not I w A - Iiwcii -&d-

f&

could even close the entrance to tho

English channel.

None of these absurd actions is, of course, going to take place, for the states bordering on each of these narrow channels have long recog- nized the natural right of all ship- ping to use them-including the shipping of countries with which they may be unfriendly. The Darda- neiles is a case in point. Otherwise, severe tension and, perhaps. war would result. Yet that is exactly what Egypt and Saudi Arabia are doing, and in the process are invit- ing war.

Not Niggarciiy

it hardly any wonder that liicrc is a strong movement in the l'iuicii States Congress to persuade the (iUH'l'llIllUfll to cut down on its lion-icii aid program: for the sums of nioiicy and the quantity of goods uiiu-ii Ili't' sent abroad are tremend- ou- i..i-I ycar total outlay for the lillliliixv miiic to nearly S3 billion, an 8'. increase over the lll3.') figure.

is

33'. of the total went for military supplies and services. Exports of farm Ili'titlli('iS, either givcn directly or will for the currencies of the re- ccixuig countries, came to Fill: hil- iion. The iiiggcst buyer of these pro- ducts for local currency was Spain. which received 8129 million worth Most of this amviiiit has been kept in Spain for grants and loans from the United States. Other principal recipients oi iioii-military assistance were South Korea with M94 million; Viet Nam with 3266 million: Pakis- tan with llilill million: India with 35118 million, and Nationalist China with Sill million. Japan received 9.48 million worth of non-military goods. All these were outright gifts.

It is, of course, true that these vast sums were not spent entirely on works of charity. The farm pro- ducts, for instance, helped materially to reduce the vast surpluses in which the United States Government has great financial commitments. It is true also that political factors were involved in many. if not most, of the expenditurcs. But even allowing for these things and giving them their full significance. it still must be said that the American aid program rep- resents generosity on a large scale. Whether it will eventually pay for itself in terms of political goodwill or peace promotion remains to be seen; but no one can say that the American people have been niggarri- ly with their aid to less fortunate

peoples.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Daniel Defoe, author of Robinson

Crusoe, died this date 1730. O O 0

It is indeed a sign of spring wiicn the C.G.S. Brant leaves Ilaiifax for Charlottetown.

Oklahoma agricultural research- ers say that sows given shower baths have more pigs per litter than sows left to their ownldcvices to beat summer's hcat. At a recent experi- ment, one group of expectant sows were cooled during the day by a water sprinkler. Another group was left uncooled. The cooled sows aver- aged 10.06 pigs a litter, the non- sprinkled group farrowed 7.71.

O O 0

"Good teachers cost money, but poor teachers cost more." This point was convincingly made at the teach- ers' convention this week by Miss Carolyn Robins, president of thc ('anadian Teachers Federation. Short courses as a means of remedying the teacher shortage problem are, Miss Robins insisted, "wasteful in terms of time, money and human resources." The problem will never be solved by such methods. Educa- tion needs "vision and long-term planning"; there is no substitute for either.

I O

The legend that an English amiy of 100.000 men was defeated by one- thlrd that number of Scots at the Battle of Bannockbum in l3l4 was shattered by General Sir Phillip Christison in I recent speech in Edin- burgh. As reported by the London Observer. he Iaid modern research had shown that the strength of the English forces did not exceed 3,000 "covered horse" and 17,000 foot Ioldiers, including I large number of Ircheis. It was. however. the largest English army ever to invade Scot- land, and the Scots had not more

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.IoliIerI.IfewiiundndIi-curtain Ioinezooollghtlyanncd

GOOD AS THEY COME

A Forbidden island

J. S. Adam in The Edinburgh Scotsman

Rum is I coinparativciy small island on Scotland's Western sea- board. its name in conjunction with its neighbours in the Small isles is I joke to the Sasunnach. its recent history is I jibe to the Scot.

In the early nineteenth century. Rum had a population of 400. By the 1930.: that population was down to .15 and not one was I native. Today's figure is 28.

At one time Rum had I reputa- lion the quality of its wool. in 1926 the last sheep was sent off and the island was given over com- pletciy to deer.

Rum became the notorious sym- bol, tiirougiinut the whole of the West Highlands for alien land- iordism. It was the appalling logi- cal result of the system of sport- ing csiatcs which were achieving the destruction that the Clearanc- es began.

In Rum the destruction of the liigiiiand way of life was complete. There was no native icft. An is- land was removed entirely from the national economy to become I rich man's piaything.

And piaything is was. De mor- tuis nil nisi bonum but it must be said of the Builoughs that they guarded their toy like spoiled and selfish children.

No stranger or uninvited visitor was to be allowed on the island to share their play. Rum became the Forbidden Isle.

STOCK SPEECH

To anyone who looked like set- ting foot on Rum there was I stock speech: "You can't stay here. We have no accommodation for you. We have no food for you."

One heard stories of passengers unable because of heavy seas to land on (Janna and Eigg who were refused permission to shelter on Rum being carried protesting I- cross a stormy Mlnch to the Outer Hebrides and bIck to Maliaig.

in I country where hospitIlity and courtesy Ire qualities of the soil and the air. Rum slammed the door in the face of I nation.

It was an insult that was hard to swallow and there were some who never did. In the l9:l0'I Rum became I challenge to the whole

among the isieis people for '

of the West of the Highlands.

In Mallaig when the younger men were looking for I ploy. it was easy enough to get I boat and a crew to spend I night poaching deer on the island. I mere 18 miles off. Maiiaig's one policeman Il- ways knew. of course. for the Ir- rangcmenls were made openly. But he was I sensible man and he kept out of the way.

There would be occasions, In he told me when he would be of- ficially informed that poachers had been seen operating on the island and when he would have to admit to official knowledge. His course was clear and uncompli- cated for he always knew the boot and the men.

SOLUTION

So with the iiolemnity of the law he would confiscate the carcuc. He wolud then go to someone in the village who had I biggish fam- ily Ind maybe not much money coming in and he would ny. "I have I carcase here. I want you to take it out into the bay and dump it."

lie would then file his report detailing the iiteps he had taken. The im Ind Mallnig regarded the solution I: satisfactory.

Not everyone Irrived It on ur- bane I solution.

One postal supervisor for the area. whose station was Taber- mory and who knew what to ex- pect. went to Rum to inspect the postal Irrangements as was his riizhi and his duty. He was given the usual welcome. "No accommo- dation. and c., and c., His reply is as shat ering.

"if the e is any more of that nonsense" 4he told me he said). "I will withdraw all postal services from the Island. And that includes the steamer."

There were also stories yachtsmcn who made for Loch Scresort. In excellent shelter from westerly and south-westerly gale.-i. had been told that they could not stIy. It was and ibIt even when they wanted merely to come ashore to fill their water casks they were told that the iI- isnd was private.

WRlTER'I VISIT My own opportunity to test tho

that

truth of these Itories came in 1934 when. with I companion. canoe- lng up the west in two single-scab er kayaiu we set off from Eigg one very gurly September day. we made our landfall in Kinioch If the head of Lock Scresort in the late afternoon. It had been I tously passage and It that stage we could not have Iafeiy gonc on to any of the other islands.

We were given in Rum welcome. Had we not made it clear that we had no intention of going and in- deed had every intention of stay- ing Rum would have sent us off on I risky and doubtful venture.

Later that evening we were en- tertained to I cellidh in the milk- er's house but the fact remained that we stayed on the island only because we did not. care to com- mit iiuiclde.

But now Rum has been bought by the Nature Conservancy. To- day the State has taken into its ownership 111.400 acres of isilnd grandeur. I castle, Ind 1000 deer.

It Ippears. however. that the change of ownership will merely put firmer barrios around the For- bidden Isle. Mr. E. M. Nicholson director-general of the Nature Con- servancy has said that people would be allowed to land It Kin- loch but they would bI forbidden to anywhere else.

General permits will be issued but in the first year or two they will be limited even to naturalists. For depopuiated Rum is to be kept depopuiaied because scientific study is to be made of the golden eagle and the red deer. DESERT

What the Clearances began Ind tho Burinughs completed the NI- lure Conservancy will perpetuate. And Rum will still be I Forbidden isle. will Itili be removed com- plteiy from the nItionIl economy. when Tacitus wanted to dcI- cribe the achievements of the Ro- man Legions in BritIln. he said that they had made I desert and had called it peace. When Dr John son made his tour of the Hebridel in the late eighteeneth century Ind saw the dutrucilon of the High- land way of life he used the words of Tacitus to describe what he sIw.

But this is the age of the euphem- ism. Not for us the direct language of the Roman historian or the English iexicogrspher. Today we have I but we cIl it I NI- iurc Conservancy.

Our Well - Paid M.P.'s

The (lInIdlII Preu

Successful candidates in the June

10 election can look forward to 1

hlglicr lmicninitics than did those who campaigned in the last elec- tion in 1953.

ParliImcntary pay was boosted

in I954 by the doubling of the In- I

nuai indemnity in SR.000. That is paid in Commons members along with I 32000 tax free Iiinwancc. Senators receive the same Imnunt bin all of their 510,000 total pay II taxable-

ffanadtavis. in electing I new House of Commons, will be exer- cising onc of their fundamental constitutional rights.

R.N.A. AFT PROVISION

The British North America Act of 1M7. basis of the CInIdiIn con- Itilutioll. requires I new PIrlII- ment to be elected It least once every five years. The Ict. passed by the United Kingdom PIr- liamcnt, incorporated established pilnctples of the British constitu- lion.

Thu: I'arIilmcni consists of the Queen. mprenented by the Gov- ornornenerli: the Cunmons. Ind the senate. each with its respon- nibtilties Ind privileges. The 3 members of the Commons are elected: Ienuor: - I xlmum I01-Il'Q.Ipv0IM!d for life on the Prime Ministers recommendation to the Guvernoraenernl.

Iy cultonl, lie ieIdcr of the muorlty of mcmben elected to the oonunouc is called by the Governor-General in the mine of the Queen to form I In admin- lstntba. and tan leader becuiu Prime MIIIIIII-.

The pmeni administration to- maiu in office despite the III! thnt Plrlinnent in diuolvcd Q

cabinet hIvc been picked in this War. But they must. obtain scan in Parliament as soon as poasibie.

FROM LAW T0 CABINET

Prime Minister St. Laurent was in private law practice in 1941 when the late Prime Minister Mackenzie King asked him to join the Liberal cabinet as Justice min- ister. Othcrs who cntfred the cab- inet before their election to the Commons are External Affairs Minister P E I r I o n. Agriculture Minister Gardiner, Justice Minis- ter G I r S o ll, Labor Minister G r I g g. lmmigrntion Minister Pickersgili and Transport Minia- ier Marler.

Although there now are tiireo parties on the opposition side of the House there is only one ree- ognlzed "leader of Her MIjesty'I loyal opposition-" He is the head of the largest party in opposition.

The prime mlnlllcr, opposition leader and cnbinet ministers shared in the 34.000 Indemnity II- crene which went to In IIPI II 154. They Iiso received addi- tional increases In the ulty for their pavilions: the prime minin- ters' was raised by 1105 I& those of the other: by 5.5.

The primo mlniste now rc- cciveil I fotll 311.fm. including I 823.000 salary. from PIrllImen- my” I.-.n.ooo ” .

PUBLIC FORUM

nu Iolunn D Inn to II OIIIII 10' 5! nun C

lntcron. n'l':hI Guardian dIII'.n.It locus Iarily IndnnI lbI opinion I Qro WMIIIL

TEACIII-2R8' SALARIES

Sir.-In regard to ieIcherI' III- nries: Tile Legiiiluure could hIve given the teacher: In increase out of their own salary grcb. It would uork out like this: To 30 teachern it would mean In increase of 3450: to no it. would be 3225: or give 8100 to ill) fuchen with 850 over. All they hIvI to do is have an adjournment every yelr and give the increase to the tench- era.

I am. sir. etc. GEO. P. MATHESON lillton. P.l:.l.

EXPEI. LAROR PREMIER

BRISBANE. AuItrIliI tlteutercl The Labor premier of tho ItItI of Queensland. Vincent Gait. was expelled from

II fIvor of wing

facing to int c eglolntion for three weekI' 1IuuIl vacation for Info workers.

iowalce Ind MM non-tIIIblI Into IllowI&.

lnct mlnhtdl naive I15.

broken down In the unit IIIIII

II the prime ministers pg 3;.

;;pt thIt ti IIlIrin In ill.- I I

Medicaiiyi

Speaking

IS WELL WATER BEST . FOR YOUR HEALTH?

Popular belief in the century- weil water In I rule is not In! more value toyou mm In! 00'” purified drinking water-

some water: "v 000"” more mines-III than others. And some Iutlioritlu frankly dllltiree on the value of such minerals to the body's general Ilenitlll

But II for well water in gen- erIl. its mineral content II so low that you would luve to consume mIny gallons each day to let In! real benefit from it.

in fact. the Illinois Department of Public Health has some interes- ting figures on the matter. A stud! shows that one gallon of milk hi! the mineral equivalent of I both- tub full of ordinnry Iillnou well water.

DAILY CALCIUM LOSS

We would have to drink 65 glass- fuls of this water to relace the daily cIiclum loss of the body.

Four stalks of celery contain ibI ulcium equivalent of 30 glasses. And it would take 20 giasafull to provide the caiciumioblained in 2h: cups of cooked spinach.

The ordinary lunch of potatoes. vegetables. meat and dessert sup- plies the body with as much min- eral matter as we could get from drinking 250 glasses of wate"

Now don't get me wrong Water is vital for life and you should get plenty. But the fellow with I WI'II in his back yard does not have any better water than you city folk who let your purified water from I lake. river or municipal reservoir.

If you city official! Ire adding fluorine to the drinking water, it might be I lot more value than most plain old well water. QUESTION AND ANSWER

I.i.: What are the oyI'IIPl.0I'Ill of menopause? I have hot Hashes and have the urge to keep on walking without ever stopping.

Answer: Hot flashes. suffocat- ing feelings. severe headache and pounding the heart, as well Is nervous symptoms. rheumatism in its many forms and upsets in digestion and disturbances in the circulation are frequent com- plaints of women during meno- pIuse.

If you are experiencing any of these difficulties. it is suggested that you seek the advlceof your physician.

Till TREES. HOW QUIETLY We Itart in silence. from the earth WI stand in silence townrd the

sun. None but I wind to tend our birth, How quietly the work is done.

The new leaf filunls the Iummerli

air. The old leaf sun: to earth again. The wind Imong us moves I pray-