In predicting a tremendous de- _ ‘velopment in the Canadian North ‘within the next few years, in which _ \Maritime exporters should share

fitably, APEC President. Frank MacKinnon was not, indulging in any flight of fancy. Indeed, if anything is sure in this unstable world, it is that our northern development must proceed awa greatly accelerated pace if we are not to be outdistanced en- tirely by another nation which has a vital stake in the Arctic, and is

éxpanding its activities by leaps and .

unds. That nation is Soviet Russia. maintains five major expedi- ions and 20 field parties in the Arc- tic each year, and is graduating a e group of science students an- Bually to go into polar work.

* Some time ago Canada produced ce rene chart of the Arctic n from Russian sources. Ap- parently the Soviets had hydrogra- phically charted and gcientifically investigated two million square Miles of ice-covered ocean, and plot- ted minor details to within 30 miles of Canada’s Arctic islands. Their meteorological department, in addi- ‘tion to’ 3-day and 8-day forecast cen- tres, has one-day forecast stations Actually in the Arctic. Served by a $mall number of automatic stations ‘established on the polar ice by air- raft, these units operate and report automatically for a full year.

* - And this is not all. The greater ‘Soviet North,~including Siberia and ‘the Far East, supports three and

half million people. It is twice the

a

ize of the Canadian Arctic and Al- -

ka combined, which between them ‘have less than 250,000 people. Its tlimate, like that of Canada, varies widely in the same latitude; but sum- imer in northern Russia is more fav- rable than ours, and as a result the Boil is more productive and the tree- line extends above the Arctic circle. With their sea route established, slinked by a chain of ports, weather ‘and coastal stations, the Soviets now ‘Bre planning construction of great power, mining and wood pulp pro- ‘Jects around the whole Arctic Circle. So, of necessity, Canada’s north- ern development plans must be speed- ed up. The opportunities that are there will not lie unexploited indef- ~ {nitely; and already it may be later than we think.

The California Plan

_ An interesting experiment in promoting safe driving, which may be extended to other states after a tryout in California, is being started on May -1 by 200 companies that write 70 percent of California’s auto insurance. Under the plan, drivers who have gone three years without accident ‘or moving traffic viola- tion will get a 20 per cent reduction n rates for liability, collision and medical payments insurance. Drivers who have had one accident or viola- tion will pay the same rates as now. Those with two.or more will pay 25 to" 100 per cent extra. * Heretofore some insurance com- anies have awarded bonuses, re- rates, etc., to accident free drivers, but the California plan em- Bodies a new concépt of relating Woving traffic convictions to insur- afice costs. Statistical support for this was provided by a California qurvey of almost 100,000 motorists. tt showed “a definite relationship” between traffic offenses and the number of accidents a driver is likely to have. Drivers with five convic- tions, for example, were found to * have had six times as many accidents as those with none.

The plan puts the

emphasis

where it belongs—upon rewarding

law abiding drivers and penalizing

those who break the traffic laws and.

sare involved in accidents. But it has gome odd limitations. Both drivers involved in an accident will receive black marks regardless of which is i ‘ fault. ‘The reason given is that investigations to fix blame would Muse up 80 many dollars that there would be few to distribute to safe

" ‘Mirivers. Perhaps the rewards will

been enhanced when and if the

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counter to the pur- plan to penalize innocent circumstances, Qn er, the driver who e law and_ avoids to benefit—as he regardless of in-

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Unsatisfactory System

Canadians, have always found

elections in the. United States con- fusing. This applies particularly to

the indirect method of electing the

‘the electoral ‘college system,

dates get all the electoral votes of a state if they carry that state’s pop- ular vote by even a slight plurality. Under this unit rule system a candi- date can lose the election even while gaining the support of a majority of the voters.

_ In 1950 the Senate approved a constitutional amendment that would, have abolished the office of presi- dential elector and the unit rule for counting eléctoral votes. The vote was 64 to 27, but the measure failed in the House of Representatives. Now Senator Kefauver, a Tennessee Democrat, has introduced an iden- tical constitutional amendment. Under the proposal the electoral vote per state (one for each member of Congress) would be retained, but a candidate would get the same pro- portion of a state’s electoral vote as he received of the popular vote. The candidate receiving the highest num- ber of electoral votes in the entire nation would be the winner—unless his total was less than 40 per cent of the total vote. «In that case the Senate and the House—not just the House, as at present—would name one of the two candidates with the highest number of electoral votes as President.

Well, our readers will probably find it still confusing. It makes more sense than the present system under which the most popular candidate might win a sizable majority of the votes and still lose the election; but it would make even more sense to count plain everyday votes. This, indeed, is the view expressed by the Milwaukee Journal, which says the advantage of the electoral system is largely a matter of tradition, and could well be dispensed with alto- gether. Under any electoral unit sys- ‘tem there is a chance for unfair allocation of votes.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Adlai E. Stevenson, United States Democratic leader, will receive a honorary degree of Doctor of Liter- ature at McGill University on May 29. Mr. Stevenson will deliver the Convocation address. We may be sure it will contain food for thought.

* * a

“Love the soil. The work is hard and sometimes the return is little. But you will find in the good earth

*and fields a sure refuge from dan-

gerous materialism.” Pope John XXIII in a recent address to a group of Italiam farmers.

* *

The State of North Dakota goes in for agricultural vocational train- ing ina big way. At the present time 2500 farm boys are enrolled for instruction in 59 schools. Farm pro- grams are part of the course. Instruc- tion is given both on the farm and in the classroom. In addition to the 4 years of vocational training, each boy must enroll in 3 regular high school classes—English, Mathema-

oar

* * *

U.S. Secretary of State Herter does not think that “‘a deliberate at- tack on United States’ aircraft sup- plying Berlin, or other ‘minor in- cidents’, should be considered just- ification for nuclear _ retaliation against the Soviet Union.” This is a wise policy, no doubt. The danger is that Soviet gunners might look upon it as a go ahead signal for even further aggression which would have to be met by force. ‘Minor incidents’ have a way of developing into major ones.

* * *

Liberal Leader Hicks of Nova Scotia is worried. lest the Federal Government, in limiting special grants to Newfoundland, provided under the 1949 Confederation agree- ment, to 1962, has set a precedent that might lead to the discontinu- ance of the annual $25 million special! Atlantic Provinces adjustment grants. Mr. Hicks is not the only one to feel that way about it. It is to be hoped that the worry is needless. It is to be noted, however, that the pay- ments have been assured only until 1962.

t> chords 1

candi- |

THE ABOMINABLE

OTTAWA REPORT Sympathy For M.P.’s

By Patrick Nicholson

A large mail from readers does fo the M.P’s home life. To suggesis considerable sympathy | analyse the position of an aver- fer some aspects of the way of | age M.P., consider for example live of our parliamentarians, as | Liberal Hubert Badanai from Fort recently described in this colump. roam ae C.C. Fer gee

It ars to be widely recog- | Fisher Port Arthur. Their dank tat the most suaedion Central Canada homes at the of our M.Ps represent us in | Lakehead are separated from Ot- Parliament at the price of a con- | tawa by a distance which strikes siderable financial sacrifice by | @ Mean between the three hour themselves. We would not want|car drive home of Pembroke's them to continue to pay this|Jim Forgie and the four day price; nor would we want the | train trip home of Nanaimo’s Bus most able and promising public | Matthews. men to be discouraged from ser- | HOUSING PROBLEM ving us by the dollars and cents | The Lakehead burgesses cap sacrifice which that would in-| travel home from Ottawa by flict on their own wives and chil- | train, using their parliamentary dren. pass. But the journey costs a

This column explained that the |™inimum of $8 for an upper unavoidable extra cost incurred | berth, and the 1,000 miles jour- by an M.P. having to attend par- ney takes 25 hours. That rules liamentary sessions in Ottawa | ut a week-end at home. Alter- ranges from about $2,500 to $4,- natively, the M.P. can fly to the 500 a year in most cases. In ad-| Lakehead in four hours—but at dition, his constituency expenses | his own expense, which is a stag- range from $750 to $4,000 a year; | geting $105 round trip. How lucky Thus his out-of-pocket expenses | are the local Jim Forgies whe run between $3,250 and $8,500 a year; against this, he is paid an expense allowance of only $2,000 a year.

It is in the interests of the country that politics should at- tract and keep men and women who are leaders in their commun- ities and callings. If such peo- ple try to maintain their fam- ilies by continuing to pursue their calling on the side, they very often do.a good job neither at that nor at politics WHAT WE PAY FOR

Such people in the service of Canada are underpaid at the pre- sent scale of $8,000 a year plus $2,000 expense allowance. The criticism has been heard that sometimes men are elected as M.Ps who are not worth more; more often it would be fair to say that men are reluctant to be candidates when they can earn more elsewhere without the attendant disadvantages.

A happy balance at present price levels might be struck by a salary of $10,000 plus an ex- pense allowance of $4,000 a year This would be realistic, and might be regarded as neither so high that it would attract the unwot- thy for the money alone, nor so low that it frightened away the good candidate.

The greatest criticism of the political life is the damage it

PUBLIC FORUM

This column its open to the discus

sion by correspondents of question c.

interest. The Guardian does not neses

sarily en“‘orse the opinion of corres pondents.

(Excerpts from a speech de- livered to the Canadian Public Relations Society, Toronto)

TODAY a man running for pub- lic office does just that—he runs. He still does all that he used to do. In many cases, of course, the meetings are smaller, the can- vassing much more intensive, and yet he must do more of all those things.

His day begins with telephone calls. After he has managed to disengage himself from the phone he rushes down to his office to be greeted by delegations, by mail, by more telephone calls, and then again more telephone

doubt

calls. i Me daily

He approves with his advertisements, press releases, his election pos- ters, his blotters, his call cards, his letters to his constituency, and a radio speech which he has to record immediately, and which he reads for the first time en route to the local broadcasting station where it will be record- ed. He bolts his lunch, if he has any, surrounded by his strate- gists, half of them say he can’t lose, and the other half say he can’t win. He rushes to his car, drives out in the country and starts canvassing.

TOLD BLUNTLY

If he is a sitting member he is told very bluntly that things couldn’t be worse, and he can’t win. If he is running against a sitting member, he is told that things couldn't be better, and he can’t lose. He then returns to two or three teas which his lady supporters have organized on his behalf where he bolts a sand- wich, takes a sip of tea, shakes hands with some 20 to 60 ladies who may have congregated in that home.

If there is a funeral he attends, if there is a fire he is a mem- ber of the bucket brigade, and if there is a flood, he is carry- ing sandbags, always hopeful of course that a camera is conven- iently near.

As the evening begins he goes to the television station, is hand-

COSTLY RESISTANCE

Sir,—There exists in this coun- éry today as there has for years (in fact g: ations) past a well organized espread group of people who bitterly and deter- mindly oppose the development of, modern industry and machine production. I’m ot going to pre- sent arguments showing that modern machine production can actually create jobs and at the same time improve living stand- ards. What I wish to point out is something else.

The most unfortunate thing about the resistance of this group to modern production has been that they have delayed the de- velopment of Canadian indus- try and Canadian products with- out stopping most people from buying modern goods and using modern services. All they have -done is create a gap between market demands and available Canadian produced products. A gap which has been nearly filled by American, British and Euro- | pean manufacturers. '

So you see instead of making More work by resisting the use of modern machines and methods in Canada they have merely given the work to people in other countries.

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I am Sir, ete. H. F, MACKAY

Montreal, Que.

SNOWMAN

can drive home each Friday eve- ning and return here on Monday morning.

Does the distant M.P. leave his wife and children at home, and live a miserable bachelor life in Ottawa for six months each year? Or does he bring his fam- ily to Ottawa, and face the pro- blem of a house and, if the chil- dren are of school age, what to do between September and Jan- uary when father would normal- ly be at home?“

Very few house-owners want to rent a furnished home to an M. P. for just six months in the year, yet the M.P. has little chance of arranging a_ sublet while he is home in his con- stituency,

Mambers of. the Army and other forces have married quar- ters provided at cost or less on certain postings. Perhaps that idea would be applicable to M. Ps, with a large centrally-loca- ted apartment development, con- taining a choice of everything from bachelor suites to four bed- rooms apartments, being finan- ced on a non-profit-earning basis for parliamentarians by the Cen- tral Mortgage and Housing Corp-

.|tlomatoes and - grade. The firm pleaded guilty.

oration.

- Troubles Of A Candidate

By Hon. George Nowlan Minister of National Revenue

es 10—perhaps 50 miles to a meeting where he listens for two hours to the preliminary speak- er, and then finally he is allow- ed 10 minutes to make the major address. By the time he gets up to speak, the audience is exhaus- ted, all the jokes have been told, every point has been made, and he is brought on by the chairman who introduces him as one of the best speakers in the province, if not in Canada, and one who is certain to be elected on election day.

HARD SLEDDING

After the meeting he shakes hands with the twenty to the thousand who are at the meet- ing, agrees to go to the homie of his chairman to have a sand- wich, and meet his local com- mittee there. He tries to sleep while someone is driving him home, staggers up to his door,

only to find a delegation of com- | ;

mittee men waiting for him. A- mong them is his publicity chair- man, who must have a story in the night’s news. Also he must have the “Ad’’ for the weekly pa- per approved as well as tor the farm paper. And just as he fin- ally crawls up the stairs to go to bed, his chairman says—‘‘N ow we have only got three weeks left and during that period we certainly have got to work’’.

A HARD LIFE

Well that is the picture, and there are those who say that we are underworked and overpaid. And also people criticize us. for being artificial, for using the aid, the assistance and the advice of experts such as yourselves. The truth is—elections are not what they used to be because commun- ications have become so complex, s0 varied, so - >

FOOD STORE FINED

HAMILTON (CP) — Loblaws Limited was fined $50

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MENZIES JEERED

ada and Britain.

SYDNEY Austrdlia (Reuters)— Police reinforcements were called out Tuesday when dockworkers waved placards, jeered, booed and shouted abuse at Prime Min- ister Robert Menzies when he left by sea for the United States, Can-

SNOW IN MANCHESTER

LONDON (Reuters) — Heavy snow fell Tuesday in northern England near Manchester.

The U.S. National Park Service has proposed estab- lishment of a 30,000-acre Na- tional Seashore on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, to preserve the Cape's unspoiled beauty for fu- ture generations.

The arm-sheped Cape seems to beckon visitors, but it was long s0 thinly settled that a house with a shed was jokingly regard- ed as a village. In recent years,

way have put Cape Cod withing a day’s drive of one-fourth of the

the National Geographic Society says. Commercialization is nib- bling away at the sweeping shores and quiet coves. Natural beauty is giving way to build-

ings.

The Park Service feels an “‘ir- replaceable treasure’ may be lost to posterity. It suggests that the Government set up a seashore

Indians lived on Cape Cod thousands of years ago. t may thave been the “Wonder Strands” of the Vikings. Explorer John , doubtless rounded the Captain John Smith of Vir-

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November, 1620. They few weeks on the sailing to Plymouth. a Plymouth court gave permission to “go forth a place to sit down founded Sa settlement.

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cial attitudes then their cou

parts in the 1930's, At least,

that’s the conclusion of child experts

a meeting in Washington.— Minneapolis Star

In West Germany five taverns have installed machines that give

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ry, Judge H.L. Palmer and Rev. Dr. R.V. MacKenzie.

Miss Margaret Doyle of Rus- tico has been awarded this year’s scholarship to the McGill School of Graduate Nurses by the Mari- time Women’s Club of Montreal, it was announced at the Ciub’s annual meeting in Montreal last night. The Club's slate of offi- cers includes Mrs. Dan Andere son as vice-president for P.E_I,

antic thirds, music of spring sings easily back izzards

to a’s fluting the trees, redress- ing them tall.

Only direction is changed; the trill is put right.

Newer than lambs, the icefur red earth shakes down, — skin in the

Ear and eye collude. All over town, \ puckered in tremolo, one part wild light,

spring leaps up green; green ov erflows the brown.

—Maxine W.> Kumin in the Christian Science Monitor

MAXIMS

Prayer is the soul’s sincere de- sire unuttered or expressed.

IF YOUR GUARDIAN’ IS LATE... OR MISSED

DIAL

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missed.

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to 9:00 a.m. if your paper is late — or

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Ed’s Slogan: “To maintain the goodwill of those serve — the goal for which we strive!”

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this counterpoint if you will, or}: