' PAGE FOUR

THE

Gumuraiat .V , ' , . -,uEcEMBaBAiis“<l§1e.i4 '

‘ preferonce to the country. The question of wage esrnil\8»'|‘||_E

` / ‘ A3”

al _ 1 fem

has much to do with- it; the question of pleasure and enter-

edied ?

Th b i i tl t im rtant business on

_z __:__ l * e farmer us ness s ie mos po

llharlullelnwn Guardian

earth. His is the one calling which must be kept going l

though every other should fail; his product is the only thing that the market must be supplied with and without

ich the world would starve. -And yet the farmer. con-

_ _ _i , ,trolling the world's greatest business, cannot PHY I ‘V889

advertising Phon¢.... ....1324-iyif“° Buhacription Phone.... ..._ . .. ....132-2 ”

News and Edit, Day Phone.... .......,l33 News and Edit. Night Phsnee.... ......132&133

Head Office at Charlottetown Branch Offices at Summer-

ilde, Atherton, Seurls and Montague.

"London Office, Marconi House, Stand W. C.

Preside»t.... ........A.A.Bartistt Managing Editor.. .. R.`Bu|nett

FRIDAY, DECEMBER 11, 1914.

SOME TAXES

iluring the piping times of pcacc we all with one accord

talked fluently, and sometimes earnestly, about the curse of taxation and we bore the burden \vith mingled resigiia- tion and indignation.

And yct there are countries that are more heavily taxed

than ours-by a considerable pcrccluai.'9. Take. f0l' ill- staiicc. Great Britain. From an analysis of the new Bri- tish income tax, given in ti recent London paper. we find

that will keep his own sons on his farm! There is some- thing wrong and there should be-a way to make it right.

One of the causes operating against the farmer is the t that a satisfactory system of co-operation

impossible owing to diversity Of PBODIB

engaged in his calling, lie is not half paid for his product and he is not in n position to de- mand a reasonable price. Yet from his earnings a number of niiddlemen make n rut living.

'l`lie question is one of business solely. When farming is

carried on along the lines followed in other callings, it will be sufficiently reniunerntive ami attractive to keep not only the sons but the immigrants on the farm.

A A Motu: oP°'rinisu ._ j

Yesterdays news contained two outstanding items of fin-

ancial optimism which may be noted. Mr. H. V. Meredith, President of the Bank of Montreal, in his address at the annual meeting of shareholders, expressed confidence in the soundness of (‘anada‘s financial structure and a firm be- lief that the present pause in activity and advancement would be followed in the not distant future by an era of renewed prosperity.

“War and other adverse conditions," he said, “are bound

to retard our progress. A period of rest and recuperation may be expected, but the future depends to a. great extent upon the spirit with which the pecpie meet the changed

that the tax there is u real, tangible thing whose weight will conditions. ” .

unquestionably be felt.

“Economy and prudence in the matter of expenditure,

On an income of $1.250 the tax last year was $16.75; this and an earnest effort to increaseproductioii of exportable

year 5522.50 next year it will be $33.75. Ou an income articles, will in time usher in an era of active trade and re- $2,500. the tax lust _vear was $66.50; this year $87.50; next newed prosperity.

year it will be $131.00. On an income of $5,000 it grows

“There is no question in my mliid that after a pause, the

fi-oin $187.00 to $250 and $325. As there are evidently duration of which will be determined by the measure of our,

some inoncyed men in the Old Land provision is made for

production and by our savings, \ve shall again enter on a

bleeding the more affabie ones. A man with an income of period of progress and development, and that pause, i

eii

$10,000 paid $500 last year. $666 this year, ami if he lives till next year he will be asked to pay $750. The man wiio

b eve, will not be long continued."

Sincerely optimistic were the predictions of Sir W. Vati-

lias an income of $250,000 \vili pay next year $8,900, having t I-lorne. President of the C. P. R.:

paid proportionate amounts for this and last year. An in-

“Unquestionably things are on the mend," he said. “Evi-

corne of $250,000 will next year pay a tax of $61,650, and so dences of this are becoming more apparent each day, and I

on through the varying sizes.

And this. be it remembered, is only one tax. They arc

tnxed on property, etc.. just as the unfortunate taxpayers or' this country arc taxed.

l`cfore the '-,\.:t‘ was ilcgun or was thought 'if' the people

:,i` Great llritain \\'vrt> pieviiig for the niainteiiiute of the rt.\\§.' alonc llvfr 'loliurs for every man, woman and clxilu in the country. Tliui ii.'r.'_\' was for the protection of t`>e whole l`ri!isli i-Iiiipirc, including Canada, including even Prince Edward isiand, and Canada and Prince Edward isiai-d paid how much'.’ Not one dollar.

it would appear that we owe something on this account.

if every man, woman and child had not paid that five doi lars each, year after year, for many years past, and that navy had not been kept. up, it is not only possible but very probable, almost certain, that the British Empire, including Canada and Prince l'<J\|ward island, would, today, be either

possessions of (iermany or lighting an unequal battle in an RI invaded couni:'y with an enemy that, as invaders, would be sl overwlielniiiigly powerfzii. U

\\hilo we have cause to thank C-od that the good people in

of Great Britain paid the enormous cost ot' the niaintcnnnco S of the navy and that that navy is at present guarding our

own trade lanes on thc Atlantic and Pacific, and keeping Si

our enemy locked up in the .\orth Sea, in order that we may

more ltindiv eyes upon what we in our haste iiavc hitherto

_ _ . C

nailed our "burden of taxation." We might even, if thc- d

opportunity again presented itself. contribute a paltry

$35,000,000. for the upkeep ot` thc navy. R

We may also be encouraged to regard more syiiipatliet- S

it-ally the various funds that have been instituted to help f

the Empire in thc gigantic struggle in which she is at pre- b

sent engaged on her own account and ours.

" URBAN AND RURAL

The Census and Statistics Monthly for November publish-

es some interesting facts about the distribution of rural and urban population. From 1871 to 1881 the urban popu- lation increased over thc rural by 32.5 per cent; during thc next decade it ilicreased il8.:'» per cent.

During the period 1901 to 1911 there was a large iuimigra~

limi- Cflualiing 34 per cent. of the whole population, yet the rural increase during these years was only 17 per cent.

llcfcrring to the causes leading to the increase of popii-

lution in the cities as conipnred with that of the country. the _\lontlii_v quotes ilr. Peter il. llryce, Chief Medical Offl- cer of the llepnrtnient ot' tlte liiterior in part as follows:

“'l`lic forclgiior who would have gone on the land has

been encouraged to stay in the r-ily to build our sewers and streets at high wages: und. as we have seen this summer, the boom being over and work slack, he too being debauch- od by the impress of town life, likewise refuses to take

work in the country. Living ciiiply in slum quarters. made so by the high cost of land ii of materials, which mean the high coed ol rents. ho adds to our problems without adding to our wealth. Surely then we must ask ourselves if the situation is satist`aL~tory, or is it one which can go on indefinitely witho_ut producing lasting national deteriora- tion? Can we cxpcct to see. as we have seen, the urban population go on increasing decade after decade and the

rural decline, till in England S0 per cent., in Germany, 70 per cent. ami on this (‘ontlnent, 60 per cent. of the total population are living on the labors of the other part?

"Can children brought up largely indoors retain the stur-

tliness of muscles and firmness of nerve tissue adequate io the future needs of the nation? is insanity. as Dr. Mott. Pathologist of the London Asylum Board, says, begotten of the neurotic or nervou constitution to be allowed to go on multiplying continually as it has greatly in cities Must the high pressure life, which is showing itself in steadily increasing death rates after 45 years of age, continue, with- out our realizing its meaning and determining in these days of aroused patriotism to cultivate ssner national ideals? We are a very young nation, and _vet we see ourselves refus- ing to take warnings from the older peoples oi Europe and rushing headlong along the same pathways which have creat- ed city slums and a degenerate slum population; and this too when ever extending railroads, trsmways and motors are bringing yearly thousands of uncultlvsted acres almost to thc doors of our towns and cities. is it possible that an ever increasing proportion of the population can be paras- itic, living upon the labor of the producer of the food 'a'nd raw materials of wealth and yet that a proper balance be- tween production and consumption, capital and labor, etn-

ployment sud employee be maiiitalnedf

These are questions worthy of serious consideration. la~ ups like ours such should not

look for a big revival in business in the not distant future.

"Primarily, I should say this country is bound to benefit

tremendously by the European war. The effects of this are already being felt in tlie constantdemands on the agri- cultural and manufacturing resources. it is doubtless the appreciation of this which has aided more than any other one thing in restoring confidence.

‘~'Thls demand has just about started. It is bound to grow

as the needs abroad become more urgent.” Therefore, the future for business and for better times here is bright, and this outlook cannot fail to impress any business man who tries to keep in touch with current e vents."

AMERICAN EENTIMENT

The acid-like comment of many American papers apro- os ol' il'-aunt von liernstorff‘s rash remarks regarding the onroc doctrine and Canada are still most significant. They iow that while l..'i-'> (`ount`s utterances are regarded with iat incusuro ot' patiercc customariiv' accorded to the vary- gs of dolls and habitually rash talkers, there are'limits ci.

in lfis latest and most foolish utterance, therefore, the lent patience of the journalistic commenters gave place

, _ , to sneers. quibs and sarcasms. “Would the Germans vio-

go on doing business as usual, we may perhaps look with la

tc the neutrality of New England in attempting to reach tanada?" asked one paper. Another wondered at the mala- roltness of raising a question respecting which there was o possibility of accomplishment in an invasion of Canada. nd there have not been wanting comments that voiced re- entiuent, that a diplomatic agent should project into the oreground, with mischievous intent, a suggestion that was oth gratuitous and ill~timed. And, on top of this, there has not been lacking the roundabout hints that Count Von Bern- storfi’s room would be more welcome than his company.

We all, of course, realize that it is a. most delicate ques-

tion to cali up for official criticism the utterance of the ambassador of a great power, and, accordingly, ofiiclnl Washington remains silent.

But the press is not hampered hy'any such considera-

tions and Count von Bernstord has been handled without gloves. .

The popularity of the Belgian relief funds in the United

States is as pronounced as is the unpopularity of the Ger- man cause and the German ofiiclai representative.

if the Washington Government were moved by the spirit

of the majority of the American people, it would send a short and sharp protest to the German Foreign Ofilce re- specting the Belgian atrocities, just as Mr. Gladstone made his famous and effective protest against the Bulgarian cut- rsges. And the temper of the American people is steadily rising. _

THE LATE MR. BEYERS

in connection with the death of the rebel leader, Chris-

tain Frederick Beyers,.which was reported in our recent cables, it is interesting to recall the "dressing down" given to him by Mr. J, C. Smuts, Minister of Defence, of the Union of South Africa.

Wlteii Beyers resigned he had some characteristically un-

pleasant things to say about the British Empire. To these Mr. Smuts replied courteously. After reminding him that 'fall the information in possession of the Government was communicated by you, all plans were discussed with you and your advice was foliowed," lie proceeds:

One would have expected that this approval would make

the matter easier for you. but now I find that you anticipat- ed that Parliament would disapprove of the policy of the Government. and that your disappointment in this is the reason for your unexpected action. in order to make your motives clearer, the reasons for your resignation were ex- plained lii a long political argument which was immediately communicated to the press. and came into the hands of the Govemment long after publication.

l need not tell you that all these circumstances in con-

nection with your resignation have made s most unpleasant impression upon my colleagues and myself. But this un- pleasant impression has even been aggravated by the alie- gations contained in your letter. Your bitter attack on Great Britain is not only entirely baseless, bat it is the more unjustlfiable, coming as it does in the midst of a great war from the Commendant-General of one of the Bri- tish Dominions. Your reference to barbarous acts during the South African war cannot justify the criminal devasta- tion of Belgium and can only be calculated to alw hatred and division among the people of South Africa. You for- get to mention that since the Baath African war the Bri- tish people gave South Africa her entire freedom 'under a

for as to realise our for

in finding that the hospiileliw °f I the old eration still remains with 4

.,_ ., _ V _ I V ` V15. v:p.__,.`,vL&.v.lV_`-._'_l`_i_-

' . ‘ _ =_ .AM ,‘*.t IW'

‘ ., h ssl si,~Jttm, t sd li , iment has also something to do with it Pan t ese du; H viz” tuvigg 361;: had slat; 2 t THE HOUSE

an absence of f -ave ears I was! f L `

vii-strticiutni-A-R 1 A Y

oF, Quattrv suits A A 5

°l"f»v Y

more than over-joysd with the pros-, ‘V _V _ pei-°i.» appeusnos at the Inland also ‘

. 1: \

gen

the present and nowhere can be ex i

_‘i ,c

called. Amfwhm that x lisa timto senile imine 1-what far Him ails

visit amongst ,the many friends every ' one seemed to :vie with the other iu_

extending their friendship, which Il LONDON. Dec. 10.-The .DI_ hgargiiy apprggigud and “-111 remem- Cbronicle’s naval expert,.a0InlnQn, bm. especially me naighboum on th, onl the British victory ia; the ,So ' ` I - t Ri ; Al 811|. C, Bay!! ' _l |‘».'-ligiitf 2i°2$‘“i‘i.l i’.‘.‘.-"f.3i.i’.f."1§i 'Q'-ii. H155. ah- Nw --ad we A,d===1,f°"v and tm" ‘Nw that rammed in iilhpggtatitetartibsiufillysiigregy. _hh‘;nC

'Tried to .loin the Karlsruhe. .i

Charlottetown, with whom I spent can defeat has been wiped on mei

some of my boyhood days. To oné S

core. The officer commanding he

Bild Bu I Bm °°U`°°lY “ble W "°t‘“'” British squadron was Vice-Adm ral my thanks of sratitude for tl1°°°"°f sumiee, but me Admiralty. exercises €l1i1il\8 ll1°Bl11l‘°8 I ¢l1.l0Y¢d l1m`°“Z wise retlcence as to the names a il

those mari-y friends. Hoping Wbeunuinber of ships ip. command. _

this cruel war is over which haB'our brought a cloud of sorrow to our be- we may ¢=0l\°|“d° that this “|119 il Was loved land, that it may brit;-g still W9. , more prosperity to those th,-my far. succeeded in bringing a superior forge lming people, I am etc.-, _ -t°‘_he“"- '

JAMES FRANCIS BL`Ci\LE\'

' GERMAN SKY-BOMBS.

sends the following: Twenty-four civil- “

eye-witness of the affair, who arrived at Dunkirk shortly afterwards, gives

The victims included an old woman

bly mangled. The death of one Eng-

square but did not explode. The sol-

owlng to their superior speed succeed-

On the occasion of the last visit of

a Tanbe one of the bombs killed a.

Lady Decies (formerly l\iiss Viviun 3

Gould), who having been active in n Red Cross work here, for the past cou-

lives will carry the,inark as tt inemvn- d to. Regardless of her own wound, li

- ' lan

LONDON, Dec. 9.-The Lennon :Eg

Chronicles Dunkirk correspondent elghborhood of Cape Hom observed*

his

g;‘;e:flf§kkg2e?“,f;tG“;:i?:g aSe‘:.gg?,¥n:2 British patrolling squadron in time to

which dropped bombs on the town. An il1l9l’C0|tt him,

. rh

mix); f]?;lf?)‘:;“152°‘;:,$'(;’c§;' two German man cruisers on the high seas. They Taubee of the latest type appeared Qreball “may Swift Yesfslsiwémh 366% over the town. dropped 17 bombs ai- ° 9 "mu eP“9ib=1 ihe” mg: B e°n together. The first fell harmlessly on °§m’;‘de"l;‘e° dd gs: 51 i b fn; t a plough field outside of the town, 5 °“ e a e ° er "um °' “ the other 16 ren in the town “sem there is some doubt about her locality.

There are also, at least, two German

of 70 and three children. The latter armed "ne" to be “ccmmted for' "na

h of ts: iirtss Jn: satis; uf: :.21 A

dier went out to examine it when two E; others fell near him. So great was the er f:,’;§eh$_léget§;‘g&;;i°g h§atl;°%°; immunity has depended upon certain

glass of a shop window. Two aero- if planes immediately ascended and pur- he sued the, marauders. but the latter, m

ed in escaping. W

woman and wounded a younat girl so fs that it was necessary to amputnte her th arm. I h

ple of months, happened to be pass- fl? ing close to the spot where the bomb G fell. She was struck in the shoulder m

by a splinter of iron, and long as iiiie th

casualties are reported to be few

not the Germans, whose strategy

'l‘l\e site of the battle suggests.th'¢t

Haverhill Mass Admiral Von Spee had found the Paci-

’ ' llc

too hot for him and had rounds!

Cape Horn in order to enter the At-

tic, possibly with the view of link- up with the Karlsruhe, but that British- look-out vessels in the

movements and wirelessed to the

_ , i-our Raiders Left. -

"The Dresden, Nurnberg and Karls- ue are new possibly the only Ger-

them, the Kron Prlnz Wilhelm, pos-

"The crushing victory justifies our

llsh soldier was caused in an extraor- h°Di“g that the mem°ds 'ww empmy'

diuary manner' The bomb fe" in B' sllieir war experience and under the

by the Admiralty, on the basis of

asterly direction of Lord Fisher, will fore long, lay these remaining raid- s by the heels. Their temporary

sources, especially the abuse of the ireless telegraph and violation of the utraiity of the coastal states which ust, as time goes on, be restricted lthlii their narrowing limits.

British Prestige Restored.

The Daily News, in an editorial, ys: “There will be the deepest sat- faction throughout the- 'country at e news of the destruction of these ips, quite apart from the possible estruction of their three companions ow being pursued. It balances with me things to the credit, both as fo en and ships, with the loss of the ood_ Hope and Monmouth. There is ore in it than grim satisfaction at e wiping out of a debt. The Pa ~.lilc efeat rankled in the minds of Eng- shmen, much more than they cared

Lady Decies went to the assistance of t ie e g . _I _ A fresh battle has commenced at ev

Dixmude, both Pervis and ilixmude e are being constantly shelled and roads o

tl nm in V o express, and what was not less seri-

` us. it shook British naval prestige

ith the neutral nations mucli-hea_v~i- r than we cared to confess. That -is

leading into tliese_ towns are under 0 a constant hail of shrapncl. Repeated

Germans, ami though official reports c

fiercely as ever. The German attack b is the first strongly offensive move- t ment taken by the enemy for some weeks. The Germans succeeded in bringing up fresh heavy guns and e they are now firing from a range of f sixteen kilometres. Constant night at- S tacks have caused the Germans fur- B ther heavy losses; floods from well D nigh impassabie barriers and on each g occasion the Franco-Belgian forces a catch the enemy in midwater. Hun- S dreds of dead bodies are floating on water. The Belgian army is again bearing the brunt of these attacks. Their efficiency is nnlmpaircd. Their numbers have been considerably strengthened, and 'they continue to play an important part in the struggle which extends from the sea to Swit-

zcrluiid.

-__._.____

NO MODERATION OF THE

TEMPERANCE LAWS IN MANITOBA.

..\l/INNIPEG, Dec. 10.-Sir Redmond Robiin this afternoon sent n communi- cation to Dan Mcllae, president of the Licensed Hotel Keepers Association. stating that the Government declined to amend or moderate its mandate to the oiiect that all barn in Manitoba must close at seven o'clock each evening, and the wholesale liquor stores at six o'ciock each evening. beginning with December 10.

The reply of the Premier was in

response to a large deputatlon of hotel men which waited on the Government this morning. lt was given out after the Provincial Cabinet had met for over two hours to discuss thc case as presented to them.

SEPARATION ALLOWANCEB.

OTTAWA, Dee. 9.-A scheme of

to he Paid to

the of a

ratings,

Canadian These will ception of the Royal and Royal

cers. warrant receipt of any

ance or allowance lieu All officers, warrant men who have entered the Navy for the period of the

of the Royal Canadian

called up for service

on the books of a

will be paid as

second class

$20 per and

ll naval

in the

has paid

warrant equivalent

upwards.

in payment salary

men have

night attacks are being and-.» 'oy the 3

ver and done with. The moral effect f this victory in the South Atlantic ill carry even to the least uder- anding or most skeptical mind the

say lime me battle is Nunn waged isnviction that the British sea power

as sure as ever and maintained

y men as skilful and vaiorous as

hose who created it.

Lord Fisher'e Genius. ,

"Whatever mistakes have been made

ariler in the distribution of naval orces have been corrected. _Superior trategy prepared the victor and.th t

v ti

trategy -bears everywhere the im- rint of Lord Flsher's genius. The big uii coupled with speed has once gain vindicated itself. It has done

o in every engagement of this war.

lt. represents Lord Fisher’s coiitribu- tion, persistently criticised by magiy within and without the navy.” "

RHODES SCHOLARS THERE.

ROTTERDAM, via London, Dec. 10.

-The Rhodes scholars from Oxford University who were sent to the Con. tinent to assist in the 'work of the Am- erican Relief Committee in Belgium, lef: Rotterdam Tuesday for the various districts, to which they have been as- signed.

SIR ADAM BECK

REMOUNT COMMISSIONER.

` TORONTO, Dec. il.-Sir Adam Beck

has been appointed Chief Remount Commissioner for Eastern Canada. The appointment. is ninde by the Dom inion Government on recommends- tlon of the British War Office. Sir Adam is also created a full colonel, and attached to the headquarters staff. relinquishing his hitherto honorary un- attached military title.

Sir Adam Beck will be in charge of

all purchases for the Canadian forces in the Provinces of Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia. New Brunswick and Prince Edward island, and is entering on his new duties at once.

Sir Adam will appoint. within the

next few days, some fifteen expert purchasing agents, and an equal num- ber of veterinary surgeons, for the purpose of covering the large terri- `tory, in quest of horses for the army

He expects to purchase between 8,-

000 and 10.000 horses during the next couple of months._

"The dslntiest toilet waters _'iii nu cturod are here in mahy deiigh ul

Klnnon Drug Co., corii'er_Grsat and Kent Streets. nt f

:‘.':.'.:f°°l=‘:.‘;.":.‘:,':. tziiittts-ta§%:"

men

Also

and

ia _ odors, you must see ,and use tlieai to'

¥IEIKIl1@IZ§\\K\\\\\

"-2 .5-‘¢'.§liI`f»'£fi¥’

Holiday Sellers=in.F

Fur set- in BLACK Fox, GREY Fox, RED rox, LYNX, MINK, c1v.ET SEAL,

if RAcooN, Mote, BEAVER, .NATURAL

coNaY SABLE, PERSIAN LAMB, also-w FUR LINED coATs, SEAL coArs,

RATCOATS, MARMOT, also GENTLE-‘3 MEN’S RAT LINED and COON

We have all the H \liday _Furs you want.

We have not raised a price.

If you want quick action Phone 96, or write".

@llIIVI§\“\\\\

Canadian made for Canadian triad__e '_ ' ' ' All orders receive export attef`i_tlon..'

We have a larger stock than ever.,

Our prices are lower than ever.

PAroNs

Victoria Row - - Charlottetown. ,

»///1lullI1.\\\\\\\\\\\v//:Ia\\\\\€'g/Aa\\&ln\\m

l A V

Important Poultry

Notice

We will commence buying poultry for our Xmas ord-

ers next

TUESDAY, DEC. 15111,

and will continue buying until our orders are alifilled, but any poultry offering after Saturday Dec. 19th, will be too

late for Xmas Shipments. We will re%uire a limited quantity of Turkeys, Geese, Ducks and hickens.

Fowl will not be wanted at any price. We can pay

reasonably good prices for

Crate Fattened Chickens

but cannot handle-inferior stock.

_,_

As our orders are,more limited this season. We advise

all parties having poultry to sell to see us early before our requirements are completed-Call, write or phone.”

F. J. Holman & Co.

Ltd. Charlottetown t .1

6882-12.1ginaiE1i f t 1 E

' ' ' ' ._. 1`i___...l_ FH.

I 5 |

ffl" `

‘si

mf"-. -_:fs

H4 t"`°

,Qt

fit _,'- tl `

Skates for the Boys’ Gift

Here is what your boy wants, a pair of superior quality steel skates is what - he longs for-give him a pair of skates, ‘ they will make him happy and contented A and wiilbe the means of keeping ,him healthy. ` , _

\ We are showing a large line of high.

est quality steel skates-the kind

satisfies. Every oqnceiyableptyl and size are here `ati a' 151‘loe‘°'tiZtf l please you

Fennel, 1&i C,

- Victoria Row »- 1--,R-ff

; Acceptable Christmas Giftstt;;;,a,~ t

could make a more acceptable Christmas df,`pt'fetty

` __ _I g, .V ` _`,

of F t or Leather, neat

House Sli pers, in Felt and Leather If

dp _ wo. We have -slippers -for-boys~=\nd~.l-girls--slid: