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TWEL‘. .' A

IIAIILY NOTES 0N

,_ producition to are coming

ct the Province. One man lost 5i

“Riki b! the first eighirlitters whelped,

fourteen out of sixteen an lomlin mailer hr too many. ,-

It is of course unreasonable to ex

pact that every litter born can be

loved. Causes which we cannot de

termlne operate and prevent us from Yet there really must be something when such large losses as We would ' to see the matter investigated y some one who has the necessary scientific knowledge to determine For those who have suffered bud luck we have

being as successful as we wish.

wrong uoted above talte place.

what was really at fault.

the deepest sympathy.

Glen Wnddcll of Can-lcton pur-

chased a mule fox from Douglas Bel

of the some place in 1033. Vf-le is a large and ngoruus amino‘. and last

year was used a bit polygamously

This spring Mr. Weddell muted him _ As far as the. writer has knowledge of fills con-

to twenty iemnlfs.

ttitutes a record for double mating

O. W. Lawrence writing in The American Fur Breeder says, “A type of polygamous mating that is com- ing more and more into use is tak- ing a male and mating him with two or more females at the beginning of the season in the same pen. This type of mating does away with a number of males and you can con-

centrate with your better males, be- sides saving feed and increasing the

luaiity of your herd.

I know of one rancher that. mated one male with four or five females in a large pen and left them to- gether throughout the breeding sca- lon. Each female had a. separate kennel in which to whelp her litter. He reports verygood results. I have not trhd that many and I have ai- ways taken out the females after mating and given each one a separ- lto pen in which to whelp.“

B. E. Crider who has made a suc- cess of Silver Fox farming in Ohio, writing in the April American Fur

' Breeder, says: “The wonderful work

done by the Fromms at the Century

_ oolvzvncrno wm! ,

Qlllrfax Farming

of losses among liitersf in

duel l0 serious Is to cut down a non- ying bas- from varigtis sections

proportion but still

TOPICS

ting his average of $1,300 a. pelt it was the blacks or quarter silvers that were his top price pelts. The art o! dyeing reds was not perfected then; now a good red fox, properly dyed black, with big white tip, is much to be preferred to the natural ‘black that isia bit off color.

X d

Will fashions change? bike the writer whom we quoted we are of the opinion that the half silvers will come back. Personally, we prefer them every time to what we call pale silvers.

We do not know whether it is the practise of all our ranchers to pili their pups for worms. One runch that has been pretty successful over a period of years, looks at the litters when they are 17 to 20 days old. If the pups are pot bellied and show signs of worms they are pilied. not they are left until they are about 25 to 28 days old, then pilied with Ffrenchls number two capsule. As a matter of fact this rnncirdocs not have very severe difficulties with . worms because they keep their dent. good and clean throughout the year and the adults are treated for xvorms every year curly in June and again - in curly September.

l

Feeding schedules will be getting more complicated now as the pups are getting older. They will require milk, biscuit or other cereal in the morning, wii.l1 of course the reguiar meat mixture in the evening for the female. From now on the ranchers troubles will be commencing and ex- perience will be a big factor for suc- cess. No details should be rmitted. With prices far from high it. should be the fox caretakers business to see that everything possible be done for his young charges and that as few losses as possible take place. '

\

It seems a long time since we mentioned earmites, but once again they have to be thought of aml taken care of. When you are piliing your pups look at their ears and if you notice dark brownish scaly mat- ter you can suspect the presence of earmites. These can be treated with one oi’ the several reliable prepara- tions on the market. You might al- so look them over for fleas but there is not much probability of fleas be- ing around this early in the season. It is too cool yet, later on in May they may show up.

of Progress Exposition,‘ Chicago, will .

be far reaching in stabilizing the de- mand for Silvers, yet if we breeders

d ltandard foxes continue to mate ~ fiver: to silvers, Ibelieve we will ; llflel in the long run.

_ OI: foxes am somewhat smaller m I the neck fur almost entirely _ as I have noticed in Ilnny cues, we will not have much (u: left to sell. Then again the sil- vu- banch get wider and wider until the progeny resembles something else besides a beautiful Silver Fox.

After all there is something fas- cinating about a good heavy, blue black mane, and since fashion usu- ally demands what is hard to find we may see a revival of interest in good half silvers or quarter silvers inside of a fcw years or just about

“n the time we all get set to produce at

All-Silvers. Keep in mind breeding is a slow process and that we cannot change the color of our hdfd in one season.“

‘There is no doubt about it, the recent sales have been thoroughly disappointing to the ranchers who have marketed blacks, dork silvers,

dark medium silvers or even med-

ium silvers. The London market has taken its cue from the Amxrican evidently and the demand is for three-quarters to all-silvers. Beauti- ful, large, heavily furred quarter silvers brought indifferent prices. Less than half the price that a aim- ilar specimen of pale silver would bring.

The trend in color is. quite a rc-

versal from the days of Charles Dal- ton. In 1910 when Dalton was get-

zi: r’

{than only from willie linh by the Nrhloitrrluun prim-dill and enminlnn uvrr 70% protein. lean than :19; m. 10% rulrlllm "l" 5U" phonphorua. nll nf which are 0'... 059;, liigeniibll‘.

Fox men mm n an rum-lieu! audition to ti» duilylmeattonii‘; in the proportion of lir- lh, o! fer-ll. For further informa- tion. vrriie:

ch? u IIAK-N-

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‘filial: millennium.

The report of the Dominion Bur- eau of statistics on the Fur Farms of Canada which has Just come to hand, shows that at the end of i933 there were a total of 6.743 fur farms in Canada, an increase over the pre- ceding year of 177. Fox farms and fitch farms are responsible for the increase-fox farms increasing from 5,221 in 1932 t0 5,507 in 1933, rnd the number of fltch farms from 17 to 43. Mink farms total 645 and there are 235 raccoon farms.

The number of fox farms on Prince Edward Island is given as G07, while those in Quebec total l,- 912, Ontario 76B, New Brunswick, 764, Saskatchewan 156, Manitoba 104 and Alberta 360.

The value of all fur farm property in Canada is given as $13,774,768, divided as follows, $7,509,561 being the value of the fur bearing animals and $6,265,201 the value of land and buildings. Ontario is first among the provinces in 1933 with a total value of $2,689,123. Quebec is second with $2,577,402 and Prince Edward Island third with $1,953,372.

The total number of foxes in the Silver Fox farms in Canada. at the beginning of 1933 was 95.466 and these produced a total of 124,231 pups. In the same year there were 2.860 cross foxes which produced 4,- 297 young foxes.

The number of mink in captivity January 1st, 1933, was 11,767 and they produced 2I.l96.

The total number of Silver Foxes on the various fox farms in Oun- ada, December 31st. 1033, was 103,- 842, with a value of 86.849.725-

Pelts sold.

age to the rancher of $26-

an average of $8.

l... nus ma

on yoorrsnch iluayeor clan W, FM "l"!

s I i i i “ma; ___

H of their forefathers with skill and

rau-

. NEWSY

T!!! ANGLQ-SAXON OIIRQNICLE (2)

For about two centuries the new. "m"? We" QWHPIM with the weapons of war rather than thy: "is 0! Dulce. and the work of cor.- quest went steadiiy on, when mp1,. tianiiy began to penetrate the heathen darkness of the land, it was necessary for its worshippers to organize for mutual Support; mg Protection. and in A.D. 690, But- wald. ‘the first Saxon Archbishop of Came-bury. succeeded the illustrious Theodore of Iarsus. From this p". iod, that of the first native Arch. bishop, the chronicles of Kent or Wessex» we supposed to take rise. and they seem‘to have been con- tinued at intervals. by the guqgggd. in’; Archbishops till perhaps the Will‘ 1070. These ecciesiastics gath- rred the traditions and genealogies

cote. avoiding the incredible legends which disfigure the pfiscgof and” and Nennius. -

Gildns. who lived in the latter lmrt of the sixth century, is not a reliable writer, and cannot really be termed a. historian; but he has left us. "amidst a cumbroug mags o1 pompous rhapsody and querulous declamation," some singular descrlp. U011 of the characters and manners of Britons and Saxons, Picts and Scots. As a Saxon-though he wrote in Latin-he seems to entertain c. Prejudice against the Highlanders and their national dress: for he re- marks that the "rascals" faces are more covered with hair than their bodies (quam corporum pudenda) are with garments!" Nennius, who is thought to have lived a cen- tury litter. had a taste for the mar- WUOUB. and includes, in his hls “his- tcry" stories such as that exploit of the valiant Arthur who hewed down single-handed, and in one day. eight hundred and forty Sex- ons! Bede, who died in A.D. 734, was. Is a. scholar and historian, truly worthy of the title "Vener- able" by which he is distinguished; and he is indebted, as he says, for much of hB history to the Angio- Samon Chronicle. with this furth- er explanation we will resume our excerpts from that work.

A.D. 449 (continued): "Their leaders were two brothers, I-lcngest and Howl! who were the sons of Wihteiis: Wlhtgils was the non of Witta, Witta of Wecta. Wecta of Woden. From this Woden arose all our kindred and that of the Southumbrians also." (‘Ibis Wcden flblleurs later as a god of tho Nor- thern mythology. and his name is llemetuated in one of the days of the worth-Wednesday. If one is satisfied with the genealogy as given above. Woden was probably still living in 330 Al). That. he was a remarkable man is shown by thé number 0f distinguished warriors who looked back to him as annu- cestor, and by the fact that he was deified after his death.) ‘ ‘~ A.D. 473: “This year Hengestmnd Fsc (his son) fought with the Welsh and took immense booty. And the Welsh fled from the English like fire." (Some of the chroniclers term the natives Britons, while others call thorn Welsh: both mfer to the same nationality. This extract tells of the conquest of Kent, not Wales).

A.D. 540: “This year the sun was eclipsed on the twelfth day before the calends of July; and the at

an hour over nine." (That is, stars were visible till near]; half- Past nine am. This is the second "nature-study" entry of the monk- ish chroniclers. and the detail in- dlcates a first-hand observation.)

A.D. 547: “This year Ida began his reign; from him first arose the royal kindred of the Nortlfumbflans. Ida. was the son of Eoppa. . . Hen- noc of Brand, Brand of Baiday, Balday of Woden. etc."

A.D. 500: "This year Ethelbert came to the kingdom of the Cant- wara and held it fifty-three win- ters. In his days the holy Pope Gregory sent us baptism, That was in the two and thirtieth year of his reisu- Ami Oolumba. the mass-

Ill 1933 there were him ‘ha “mnd o! H“ (mug) _ _ 96.320 pelts sold from the Silver ‘Fox when comm“ bum ‘ monastem farms in Canada and these brought The soumrm PM“ were long by a total of Sigiliiilisygih a; avail; fore ba-Ptined by Bump Ninnia. who to the ra.nc er 0 68c - t ht t R0 y _

were 3,706 cross or patch "melts sold was a“ a me etc (with

iviih u "We °i $95»5”- °Y "i" ‘m’ coming of Christianity to the Low-

.-§.“§".°...‘¥.°.§°.i?.3éi."1.“?l‘.;’f§iill-l; mm deans a 322, or an average of $7 p91‘ D919- There were 2.851 red foxes sold from the fur farms which brought $23,662.

Perhaps it would interest our

priest, came to the Picts and con- verted them to the belief of Christ. They are the dwellers by the nor- thern moors, and their Kin: gave

these simple words is shown the

18nd: of Scotland. Eerie. ill his "Ec- clesiastical ffistory" lives a graphic

arrival of the first missionaries, under Augustine, to lmglgmi in the‘ year B06)

readerl when we tell them the aver- age prices obtained for other fur bearing animals farmed in Cumin. Raccoons, $6; Marten, $15; iilhur. $41; coyote, 8'1; badger, 813; (itch, l1; muakrat, fifty emu.

Inst fall we published an item stating that a strong aoiutioa .01 common nit wu a great syn for hookwortn- moon ac oral ranchers are burl and warning the‘ floors of their studs with it. - -

on our own ranch after giving a acruhbin with a nit solu- tion we are g u with one in

a: of .. We rm ‘ g eoiut%'of lift to dry an noon it might. irritate tho pads

the foxes‘ foot, or coin-an with tho

“Iii-A

showed themselves full night ~11 f by m“ "M? the the Jack M er League. The

n: till comm: grace mt. uucclvinr it in hot mm‘-

luorzs

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AD. 671: "This year happened that are». destruction among the “W159 (All epidemic of some kind broke out amongst thg wild bung) 411.6851 “This year there was in Britain a bloody rain, 5M, mu]; m; butter were turned to blood." (Evi- dently a suaercbundmce or a fun- gal organism called Microooecus urudislosils. which ' "v at- tacks bread also, forming ruddy

patches.)

TROUBLE WITH THE FLUE

This winter we had an experience. whiohon- enquiry turns out to be not so uncommon u we imagined. Our brick chimney (of the old- fashloned type, which comes down through the cc-iling and terminates in the upstairs room) began to ex- ude creosote in such quantities as to diaflluro the ceiling and walls below. The front room stove, a. queen heater, was connected to the clum- ney by about eighteen feet of pipe, with one elbow, and it was in this pipe that ..the trouble began. All wood, even the dfbést, contains a little water, and when burning it gives it off in the form of vapor. The cold stove-pipe acts like the worm in a still and condenses the vapor back into water, which is mixed with creosote and other pro- ducts of combustion and forms what some folk call "oil of smoke." {This watery mixture settled in the bottom of the brick chimney as in I. "well" and had to be boiled out. A neighbor, we were} told, had had the same trouble and had end- ed it by cutting a circular hole in the pipe, Just above the damper. The reason of the nuisance is. it appears, the slow movement of the vapor in the pipe when the draught is shut 01!: thereby allowing it time to condense. when the hole was out in the pipe, a. strong draft was set up which carried the vapor quickly to tbs outer air before it condens-

Tbeoreticall this looked right, but, in order test it without ir- remediably spoiling the pipe, the engineer of the funily got a hack- aow. and made two parallel slots, three inches long, and on: inch apart, Just above the damper and about four inches fmm the end of thoeection. Then he pressed in on the between the parallels un- til the iron formed an arc inward, and left an aperture top and bot- tom. ‘Pills acme to have effected the cure, for there has scarcely been any signs of creosote since. It is possible that the aperture is too small to act well in a "real old- fsahioned winter," but it is good to know that one is on the right track and the slots can easily be extended.

The drycreosote in the chimneys,- produced by the burning of wood. is a, highly inflammable substance, and is probably responsible for

mkt farm fires. The only safe fuels for wooden houses are coke and Welsh anthracite, which are smoke- less. They are dearer. of course.

but not as dear as replacing the

buildings.

A SNGWY OWL

A resident of this district, whilst driving across the bay recently, saw one of these owls out on the ice. Thefd has been apparently an “ir- ruption" of these birds, as reported 1 and energetic body, last great incursion of snowy owls was during the very severe winter of 1026-27, when, u e. friend informed me, sixty-seven owls (that he knew of) wen: shot in the period of eleven weeks.

The adult snowy owl is of :2 whit- ish color, almost without markings: the Juvenile birds have “short, sharp, dark-brown barring practi- cally all over." In all stages they have no ear-tufts or "horns." Breeding in the far North, they are winter visitors hem and in the Northern United States, when driv- en fmm their home grounds by great storm: and scarcity of food. The Snowy Owl is a little larger and heavier than the Great Horned owl. and, like it, hunts in the day- time. "The onomic statu; of this bird," says Dr. Taverner in his ad- mirable "Birds of Eaatem Canada." depends upon where it lives. In the deep woods away from settlement it is. of course. harmless and only the wild creatures it preys upon are affected by it." But when i‘. visits the settled part5 of Canada, "it is to be guarded against in every pos- sible way." Out of 110 stomachs of Snowy Owls which Dz‘. Tavemer

game birds; 3 contained. other birds:

that there is. in his Trovince. ' the beneficial owls and hawks. ‘I'll! MEADOW SAFFIDN

. _. 1LT. . a:

all! floor: ails-cw there

‘in veryuyiitwmiibw- . i!!!

if, .

examined. 31 contained poultry or

i3. mice; 65. other mammals; i. a scorpion: 1. fish. and 10 had con- sumed insect; as part of their diet.

The evidence. he concludes. is against the owl. The wrfter is leased to note

a growing recoenition of the value of

. x;mna in ti» loutn of mama

a iiTfTFiWI-ffiiifiwfirlfcliliffs n. retreat. .0.

at For Food ‘on the liflarkot and‘, 1_ PRICE IS. RIGHT ‘ '

was valor ON HEXITB‘.

- l rm: cmntomarowu erratum};

Early Plarited

Plant cub, but not too only. Some vegetables m essentially cool weather vegetables. ‘they will not flourish in the hot deyl of lurnnur and moat no crown in ti: cool days of wring or fall. These are hardy vegetables. re, natives originally of tropical climates, cannot be planted until the ground is warm. and the seed is likely to rot it put into the soil when it is cold an wet for

any conttinued period. Study the nature of each from data in your catalog. and put them in as earl! as possible.

The earliest that can be planted are radishes, spinach, leaf lettuce, beets and carrots. ‘They should be planted as soon as the ground can be worked in the spring. Smooth-

Vegetables Best

tend oyl atfer the snooth peas arr sown. or even longer. The condition of the soil is the

a . The results will put it in worse condition than if it had not been touched until in proper conditon. _ Spinach will stand considerable front. So will radiation and leaf let- tuce. Sow them as loom u the ground can be made ready. Carrots can go in at the some time. as the" take much longer to genninatr. Mixin the carrots and radish seed and p anting them in the some ror: is a practical plan. The radishes will come up and break the ground for the carrot seed and will be ready to pull before the young carrots get big enough to be inconvenien- ced by them. Pulling the radishes also serves to thin the carrot to proper distances apart‘ in the row.