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Page 12 The Guardian

Wed., Nov. 5. 1958

Jenny, Janet and Janice were the latest edditions to the Leone ard Cawthra family in Vancouver in October, 1958. Father had to go house-hunting as the Cawlmras

TRIPLE BU N'DLE

had lived iii a three-room apart-

ment with three other children before the triplets arrived. Mrs Cawthra is shown with the trip- lets. »

Agricultural

(Continued from Page 3) dition, numerous. experiments have been conducted to determine the practical advantages of feed- lng mineral supplements. C o m- mercial feed companies are of- fering for sale numerous kinds of mineral supplements that v a r y widely in suitability and price There are a few that contain cer- tain minerals that are not likely to be deficient in rations for dairy cattle.

A good dairy cow requires rela- tively large quantities of miner— als to satisfy the combined needs tor milk production. growth. re- production a nd maintenance. When rations containing a fair variety of feeds are fed, there are only four minerals that are likely to be deficient, i.e. com— , mon salt, iodine, calcium (lime),

and phosphorus. There is very little possibility of other minerals being lacking except under very unusual feed conditions.

Common Salt (sodium chlor- ide). — The feeds commonly us- ed in dairy rations do not con rain salt, and for this reason it has to be fed to all animals. It is a mineral that can be self fed without danger of oveifeeding, but certain cows occasionally may not eat sufficient to take

the concentrate mixture. This insures that, the heavy producing cows with the highest salt re- quirements will consume that moist salt. Even. when salt is fed with grain at this rate. ad- ditional amounts should be made available by allowing the cattle access to either a box of loose salt or to block salt.

Iodine may also be lacking.

in dairy rations. Serious losses due to iodine deficiency have oc- curred among newborn animals in most parts of Alberta. In dairy cattle iodine deficiency is indi- cated generally by the birth of calves that show one/ or more of the following symptoms - soft and flabby, goitred (big neck) and partially hairless. In many cases? the calf is born dead or dies within a few days of brth.

Iodine is usually supplied in the form of potassium iodine. A convenient method of feeding the iodide is to mix 3 oz. of potas- sium iodide with 100 lbs. of salt. This is a good mixture to use with'the grain as suggested pre- vously. Iodized block salt usual- ly contains less iodine and is best used as a supplement to the io-

di2ed salt fed in the grain mix—~

ture. Formerly iodized salt blocks lost most of their iodine on stor- age. but recent improvements in method of manuﬁacture 'make it less likely that the iodine will be lost.

in cows producing the larger amounts of milk. The terms most lIkcly [0 lack calcium are Those containing to legume hay such as alfalfa or clover. The grass hays and especially the cereal hays are fairly low in cal- cium, and the cereal grains that comprise the major portion of our concentrate mixtures are very low in this mineral.

Cows producmg small quantities of milk can secure enough cal- cium from non - Ieguminou-s ra- tions to meet their requirements. Heavy producng cows require more calcium than that contain- ed in the average-non - legumin- ous rations. It is true that animals store calcium in their bones and can use a large pro portion of it to carry them over short periods of calcium shortag- es. lt is, however. not good practice to force cows to use their bone calcium, as serious consequences may follow if too much is taken from their bones.

The best practice is to make certain that cows get suilficient calcium in their ratons. The cheapest and surest way is to feed legume hays, as these con- tain amrple calcium for the needs of all cows even if legumemts com- prise only half the roughage al-" lowIavnce.

When legume hays are not fed, at dnairyman has the choice of feeding slaked lime, limestone, ‘bonemeal or mono-calcium phos- phate. The best way to feed these calcium supplements is to add 1 or 2 per cent to the grain «mixture. the higher amount be- ing used when cereal hays are fed as well as when the cows are producing most heavily. Ad- ditional amounts can be fed by

plement alone or mixed with an equal amount of salt. Phosphorus is very seldom

suitalble rations contain-ing good quality hays and grain. Phosphor us is most likely to be lacking in the h-a-ys grown of phosphorus deficient soils. Wlhile legume hays contain more phosphorus than other hays, they may not con- tain enough to provide the requir- ed amounts.

Grains, and especially wheat bran, are rich in phosphorus. and cows fed a few pounds or more daily of a good concentrate mixture will receive ample. Phos- phorus deficiency will, therefore, only occur when the cattle are receiving almost their entire ra- tion in the form of roughage. As this practice is not recommend- ed there is little'possi-bility of a phosphorus deficiency, occurring. When there is likely to be a phos- phorus deficiency, however, bone- meal mono - calcium phosphate if :fed as prescribed under the discussion of calcium will pro- vide ample quantities of both minerals. .

Commercial mineral mixtures usually contain large percentag- es of the The addition of other minerals less' likely to be deficient lowers the percentage of those needed and make the mineral m o r e ex» pensive.

WINTER DYSENTRY

placing a box in the barnyard containing either the calcium su - "

lacking when cows are being fed .

minerals mentioned. .

iI‘: the colder months. Striking and spreading rapidly it causes drastic mle reduction and much cxlra work for the farmer. Pre— i'cmlcn would be greatly desired. hut this is not easy to arhlevc as some authorities in the field believe a virus or bacteria of the Vibrio class is responsible. A sound idea. is to stay away from other infected herds. The disease is characterized by diarrhea, fever and inflammation of the intestines. At this stage, administering anti - diarrhea and intestinal antiseptics will help to some extent. Where severe out- breaks occur your veterinarian should be called. In most cases. however, winter dysentry runs its course for one or tWo weeks followed by recovery. Animals that are less vigorous should be given extra attention as the dis- ease may weaken them to such a point that death results. BUSY HANDS

Christmas will mean more when you put a bit of yourself into your gift - giving. You can do this by making your presents, only try to produce things that \will be useﬁul to the receiver. Attractive Christmas stockings can be made out of brightly col- ored felt with a turned - down- top of contrasting color. Pink the outline and sew by machine instead of by hand to save time. Attaching the owner's name on the outside is handy. Apply ar- rangements of sequins, appliqued

in" cows. is quite common dur—‘f'ir trees, candles or other motifs

cr embroidery work that you Lhink appropriate 10 the sucking.

For small children there are many toys that can be made stul'ed \i'i‘h old nylons or foam I’i:':':cr. Very cuddlesome they usually prove a great favourite. For the wee ones a little smock- ing or nighties could be tried. Overalls in wash and wear cor- duroy might be welcomed too for the 1-7 year olds. In the line of hats for little girls there is great variety. Many can be crocheted. knit, or sewn from'leftover coat fa‘bric. They require little time and material. For the older girls. tams or angora or velvet are smart, while for the chic ladies. draped turhans or snoods out oi» jersey or matching dress fabric may he the thing. Simulated fur collars and cuffs are popular with teenagers. Material to make them with is available in mast stores or through catalogues.

Aprons are dandy for all ages. Many housekeepers would appre- ciate a good work apron in pra— ference to a flimsy, fancy one. Using a strong. washable ma- terial, an apron with large pock- ets to hold vacuum attachments and supplies would facilitate cleaning up.

Craﬁt work such as huck weav- ing. hemstitching, crocheting and knitting can produce simple yet beautiful place in a t s, cushion tops, doilies, handy edgings, etc. Make your gifts this year. It’SI economical and satisfying.

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care of their requirements. It is Winter dysentry, a highly Infec— therefore a good practice to add. Calcium (Lime) is only lack- tious and contagious disease of 1 lb. of salt to each 100 lbs., of ing in certain kindsof rations and stabled cattle, particularly milk-

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