. Fair on the 30th September next.

. Society for the growth and Improvement - f‘ I

' I -=-- .

declare that they had only been self-deceived. It has been uaiil, “ Men may diaauiiible through life. but none ever dis- usinltlc in death ;" hence the vsliie of dying tcsiiinoiiios. We gather the last acts. the |:ist experii-or-es : and we treasure their.- up as the iiidnbitalilc evidences in favor of. or against the char- acter of those ih.it were their subjects. None have ever III|~ panned their value as tests of character, and all have felt their area.

Tue Porn-o Ru-r.--Mr. I"lanilcrs. who has devoted much attention to iliis disease rind to its causes. informs us, iliat the

. insects which he is fully satisfied produce the titiitcliief. have

already made their appearance in great numbers. He recitin- rnendstlio immediate iipplir-atiiiiiol‘ lime to all who wuultl save their potato crop.--Ilostuti 'l'r.tnot:ript of ’I‘ties.lay.

Docovxuv or A IIr:._tu1'irut. CAVE IN l\li\~ciii:s1'r:it. VL- We learn from the Vermont Union Whig. that a pttrty of hit I- _tera discovered it beaiitiful cave in Manchester in that State. on the 7th inst. The cave is situated upon the itouiherit extremity of the equinox mountain, a'tout half way from the base of the summit. The entrance is by :_i grailual desreut of. about 30 feet. into a spacious apirtmeni. iiieasuring 36 feet tti length, 27 feet in breadth. and I3 in height, and having a bottom as level and ulinost as uiiiootli as a flour. From this room a nar- rovr usage leads ititu an apartnieut far exceeding the former. both in cxtoitr sitd inagiiificeitt-c, and in which were fniind three colossal pillars. 20 feet in height and I5 in circumference. ofapeclrul whiteness. and smooth as polished mtrblo. In the third room were found cousiilerable quantities of iron and lead. together with .t kind of ore reseinhling silver. 'l'he exploration was continued until tiller passing through no less than nine upartntents the party found themselves upon the brink of a pre- cipice. On Ihrt)‘-t'Ittg down nlarge stone, a faint splash was returned after a few sect-iitls. from which was iiifericd the ex- igtgngg of; prim] of water at the bottorri of the abyss. The whole of the cavern, with the exception of this pbnd, was per- fectly dry. . _- _._ :._

Chgrittiltitvr.

Published under the Direction of‘ the Ccutrul Board of A|’l‘IcI|Il|II‘II in llalitnx.

on ‘rut: 1«‘tKf CULTURE: To the I-‘armors of‘ Nova Mtollth

Gsti-i-t.u3tt:a',—I-‘nr your infortnafioii I present you with I few extracts talten from a recent number ofthe Dtiblin Univer- airy Magazine. frotii tvlticli you may learn of what vast iiripor. tancc the extensive cultivation of this plant has proved to Itc- land—and how it may benefit your in this prcvinr-e. If 1"“ Wm your attention to it. I have iutrusted to a tzrritlcman now on it visitto England the task of collecting further information as to its cultivation. cure and maniifacttirc. wiiiclt I hope snort to lay before yous--.‘tear in mind also, tli it the Ceutrzil lloard have of- fcretl premiums for the best samples oftbis article, accil &c.. which tilll hetlistrllintctl at the Agricultur-al show and Cattle 'I'his Show and Fair, I trust, will comintnd a numerous attendance, its great expecta tions have been excited in consequence of its being held in one oftlio oldest and tnost fertile counties of the province. I trust it will he so conducteil as to Sr'cIll‘0 the patronage of thc_IIoard and to induce the continuation of Legislative encouragement to our rural districts. But to the extracts, “ so briskly at present is that class of our capitalists engaged in the manufacture of macliinery for Flax spinning. that the steam engines in most of of the wurltsliops are running ni.I.lit and day : 70,000 spindles more than last year will be at work in two months, every liun- dred of which will employ two hands." Nothing can prove more strongly the intimate relationship that exist bcttt een Ag- riculture and .\Iannl'ictures. than the progress made during the last few years in the aimvtli as well as in the iiiatiufaclurei 1“ all itaatages, of Flax. It w:ts stated at a mt-etiiig of the Royal ‘ ‘lax in Ireland, that their instructor had completed their labors in the superin- tendence of Flax showing in the several districts iti which they had been located. the total breadth of \\ hich wsa 5000 ztatxite 'ucree—anil for all Ireland the amount sown was computr.-d at 130,000 acres. TlI*lp0l'l:|tlct) of eiir-ouraging the ltotttu growth will be hcst iintlcrstood by remembering that we annu- ally import from abroad ttearly treble the quantity we produce at home.

“ The prosperous condition ofihe growth and manufacture of I-‘lax has been produced alinosi altogether by the indefatiga- ble efforts of the lloyal Flax Society of Ireland. whose exer- tions have been beyond all praise. It was organiacd in lS4l. when the crop averaged 80,000 acres anniiully,iit I814, it had increased to l22.000. lint owing to the scarcity ofaecd uup_rinci- pled deal--rs passed olfto the grower as goo.l. a great quantity of u tirious Itinds. causing disappointinent and fniliire ofthe crops. 'Ihis Society effuclttally prevented the recurrence of such nial-

raciicea hy bringing actions against the delinquents and esta-

lishing the growers’ claim to redress at law. liy procuring them compensation for their losses. In 1851 the crop was 70.- 000 acres. and would have been tniicli greater had there been a sttpply of s--ed. every available bush:-l bring roiori. This year. ‘Il8."il, the Society calculate that 130,000 acres viill be untler ax.

The value of Irish Flax has generally ranged from £35 to £80 per ton, and in some very favorable cases .£'l‘.‘ll to £l~l8. and as high as £l80. the importations from abroad in I350 amounted to 9l.09‘i' tons.

After the most acciirato calculation by practical men cngaxetl in the growth of Flax. the labour necessary for every acrc is computed to 7 days of a initn. 5| days nfri woman and 4} days of I horse‘ now 55,610 'l'ons weight the import of I833. accor- ding to Mr. Bltickt-r, supposing riicli statute acre to produce 4 Cwts, which is it full average crop, would be the produce of 978,050 acres. and by the estimate would require the labor 0.488 men 300 days in the year. 50,015 wonien, and 3,039 horses. or double the tiumhcr for half the timt‘.

" Anotlter uciitl--titan (\lr. Andrews) calculated that the

roduce of 9 acres of I"l:ix will in the ciiurse of its miniifactiire iiito couibric pocket ltatidlrercliiefs, give employment as follows, via :-

I58 Spinners. 12 mos.. 52 weeks at 3e.

at 3s. 4d. per week £1360 6 8 I8 Weavers. 19 months at .Cl9 43'} 0 0 40 Needle Women, 59 weeks at 4a 410 0 0 910 persons amounting to .£'2-,2l7 0 8 Cost of Flax ‘ 75 0 o £2,299 6 8

Value of produce. 1,050 duz. haitilltercliiefs, It 598 per dozen 9.025 0 0 Profit on produce of 2 acres £329 18 4

Now with ruch splendid results before us. can we hesitate to engage in a like pursuit. with a soil and climate so well adapt- od_for it as ours! I hope not. Let us then turn our attention I0 It: I have this year two parcels sown both on Pest and Up- land, they look well, and I intend sowing more largely in ‘HIDE. pup‘.

J. E. FAIIIIIANKS. Prerident Central Board.

EXECUTION or THE Bl.-‘.l.GlAN COUNT rtoc/iitiirz.

l‘lrs. execution of Count llippolyte Visiirt do Bocarrne. coodsmiied for poisoning the brother of his wife with essential oil of tobacco. took uco tit Moon, on Iridriy. It. was not till the previous day that_c tlicr the coined or the public of Moria was made svvsraof the tuna fixed f the event. About six in the rnornlrig M. Goddln‘. smpw of tl-_o pri-on._ repaired to the «it ofthu iiiiii..,.,., ¢......, arid iiifsvincrl him that his zppsitl to the Court of Cucatiou lniit been riiyseicd.—'l‘lts Gut cfliict this intelligence I the convict was a profound! pt _‘tf¢‘I'|O0i A moment II\|I.t'WllIIl sxolaiiuud—" I... ' I " W P‘ I Itccaritu irnutodistcl suf- wvtti it-vi.»-lib Itvntu mmiiioii violently. rmsuliy be yet receiving s pardon, The

I"'!,l0|‘ told him be had little to bupu lblrcin tltiit sxtrciuc ru- uuurus. He was then lefllubh lufltbc gusrddipcftltc lint .vrlicliiidriovcrHI udricaliisssiitsries. He

odtesseihepriicuruenvrhrivlsitsdbirniri yviiiti 30 0f “I0 flirt. at eight o'clock. The srsur read to bits Ospadgino-t ofilis Court sf(;iissaticii. iiiidt rejcctiuu cfltis up- # a lad told him the day and briur Sued for bill execution. This

ttrblo susssrissiiisiu ins racelvcd vi-tilt rlis iscst

lty.—-" i ii». to I00 """""

triers request to rustic." call the Count. "be

kind enough to taltu can that the lilridooftliuguillutluuicwsll ahrpeaod. I have read of executions when uiuel Iaiariuglias nillowcd or. affect ..rn.i. precaution, sad the «sought -ht-t --he uic tremble." The procursiir told him lltnl 50 ‘(Nu 0500"! _5|l reqnuut us the lust wish on it in; man. The ntaipntratscu leaving sasd,"You have now no it she toocciipy you but tbosoofyoar “.1.-t .-0'l‘bat is the priest's afiiir." was tliecouot's response. M. Abba Andre, chaplain oftlie prison. and \l- l_)I!¢¢tttItPl. 00!! of St. Wsridru. were sent for; the latter brought with liiui the Arch- bishop of Cineiuriutti. di-tiiiiily ruliitud to the llociiriiiu fnrriily. Tbs condemned vvsii left alone with the Archbishop; biit notwitliuturidiog the most urgent etitreitties. he refused to coiifess. It wits then about noon. and the clergyman thought it better to leave him to his own rcfloctionu for a few hours, before mating another appeal to his conscience. At one o'clock ho riequestel ditiner— Soup uu luff. ii puller, and some cauliflower. and ii pound of clierrio-s were brought. all of which he are readily. At a litter hour he beirtiycda real BllIOII‘\ll. At intervnlii he viept. rind at last consented to liiiten to tire coniiolntiona ofilie priest. At four o'clock he confessed. A few minutes before he li:id seen through the grating .\l. .\I.-tthyu. the surgeon of the rnilitnry hospital, who wits passing by the prison. Ile called this gentleiiiiin in u uiipplicitting voice, rind appealed to him by his former liiiidnmrs to write to him notv thiit lie so much needed his support. M. Mutliyu replied that the rules of the prison furbnd the interview. but he would ripply to the governor. He questioned liirit further through the grating re:-pcctitig the sharpness of the knife. and begged ltiin to see to it personally. 'I‘lte surgeon lefl, promising to come on tho uiorrotv. I"roni this miiiiieiit the condeiitncd oi.-iriifciitcd no sign of emotion nor four. l"riiiit time to time. liowcver, be inquired reaper-ting the hour, and went like a child. ntid sat on the knee of one of his keepers. for whotri he had C0llf:eI\‘2tI no itfi'eciion. In the evening. witlniut iitiy preparation. as ifsitddeitly struck with the thought. he cxcluinied. " I will give each of on l00,000 francs ifyuu will let me escape." At ten o'clock I e procurenr again visited him in his cell. Afler their de- nrturc he risked for aortic refreiiliuicnt. Ono oftlie keepers offered rim some gnufliets and biscuits, with ti gloss of wine Those he refused, saying that he felt unwell ttitd vtould prefer it capou rind more clicrriea. From tltis itioincnt until the hour the exuciitiuner wits to prepare Iiini for tho scailfoltl. he s:it in his cell talking with his confcssor. rind mttintuiitiug till the coolness and ri-iiigtiution of manner which characterised his deinennor on the trial. At iiiid- iiighi the erection of the acziffiild began. rind li six in the morning the sun‘s rays were reflected from the polisltmflilsdu of the engine of dealh.—I' rent it coininendulile feeling of tho soleuiiiity of the oc- cnsi-iii. all the proprietors of cnfet. hotels and shops. closed their eiitablisliinonts. mid ilie blinds of private houses were likewise drtiwii down. An iiuitienae crowd isssciiibled to witness the execution. iiiid waited in profound silence in frmit of the prison. A litzle irfler sir the executioner entered the count'u cell. and the Ilfepftfllliolll were completed witliuut the least de inrtnre on the part of tlie cori- deinned. from the song froiil wltic he li:id hitherto rtiniittiiined. “ Are you my executioner ."' said he. " Yea. M. lc Comte." " Ah." This was his last word before nacendiu3 the sciilfold. He was iiccoitiponied to the place of execution by the Arclibisbop of Cincinnati and the dextn of St. \\/andrn. rind walked. unsupported. with it firm step. and carrying his hr.-rid erect. His face wait piile. but cului. Ilc wore the bosom of his shirt open. rind had on liluck print.-tloons. silk stockings of tlic saute colour, and new euiitnelled pumps. Ills li:iitd.~t were secured behind his back. Ilaiviiitz irilttiled for it niunieiit the scent ofa bottle of toilette viite-gar. offered him liy the dean of St. \V:iiidiu. Iiu ciiibriiced him and the Arcltbishop. kissed the crucifix for the l.ist tiniie. walked steadily up the steps, itiid placed hiiniielfou the bo:ird, to wliiclt the iisi-istnntii of the ex- ecutioner were waiting to fasten him with striips. During this up- erntiou. which lasted five minutes, he ttiriicd his head several times. iind looked at tltc crotvil. 'l'licn to one of the men. who being soriicwhrit nervous. was hurried iii lti.-i tininner. Iiu itiiid. " Not so fast. there is time ciioiigli," niiil an instant afterwards, “ Sltickcn this thong ; so itiuch precaution is iiui needed." All prcptirruiiiri being completed. be regarded the knife for it uioiiient with it look of mingled curosity riiul itstoitiiiliincut. and their I.-iiil liiii lieitd on the cushion. The executioner gave the signal, it dull, heitvy sound wits heard, and Ilippoly to Ilocnrnic, Ii.-tving stilfi.-red the julgiiicnt of man, passed to the presence of his God.

Dr:.t1-it or Dn. l.ttroxnc.—It is our iluful duty to slztlc that I)r. I.iii§:ird, the celubrntnd liiiitoriitn utpifliiglnnd, died at his residence. Iloriiliy, a four minutes before I2 o'clock on Thursday night. For some length of time he has been breaking up, rind, for the last few weeks. a fatal result has been almost daily ex ed. He was aged 81 years._ We. believe tluit. in coinpliance wit ‘his earnestly expressed wish. his reiunl_ns will be conveyed for inter- ment to Usliatv College. Durham, with which he wits at one time officially conncctetI.—1Jngli'sIi paper.

The French Government pay from £60,000 to £00,000 darling, out of the public funds. its is bounty. to encourage the fisheries. .

Ilichnid Miinkl, the pedestrian. lins completed, ut Sheffield. the task of walking one thousand quarter-riiilua in one thousand cott- aecutive quarter-hours.

A thousand hogshosdri of tile and fifteen hundred or pone; M. iibout to be sent to Bengal, for the use of the European troops, in order to supo_-reeds spirits.

On Wednesday week. an aged rind respectable female of the name of Allen, residing at the West Port. Fnltiirlr, died in .39.. iieqpence of the bite of it cut, received ten days previous.

roin un.~estimuteu>f the nniiiber of drnrikiirds in England and Wales, it appears that tho number of males is 53.588, and fgmaleg H.223. marking ii total of 64,800. tvliiclt gives one ilrniilturd to

every ‘N of tlietiizile population, and one to every 484 of the female.

T I 0 IREIAND.

iii: nisii . imsus.— 'er loom .-,g , ",3 ‘ , - respecting the fearful decline of IIIII|,|’|(!f||:I:': WtI'lIcIllI\'lI:l.'It):: iuiiuifest by tho fortliconii .3 official returns of the census. It I: stated on authority. that returns will i-how that the popisliiiion of Ireland in the year I850 is about the ironic as it stood in I82l. jiiat thirty yours buclt—a result ac.-ircly credible, even. making full |I- lowrrucc l'or the recent ravages of famine rind pestilence, and the prodigious tide of eiiiigratiori which Ii.is been rolling on for the hurt l'our or five years.

In the Ilccorde-r‘n Court. Dublin. on Monday, ll tvoiuan. named Anti Love. was sentenced to seven years‘ traits iatiuii for stealing l0s. from another female. this being the fiutiethufiiiiu the prisoner was sentenced to puniiiltuient for vari-nia offences against the law.

Mrs. Duiidav, wife of_Ciipt:tin DIIIKIJI. agent to Lord Castleiriaiite, has been burnt to death in her drciuiing-rooui. at her rusidiiiicc, near Atlilone. 'l‘lio uiifortuntiti-. hid had fallen into [I]; fire. nut in, head was ulmost cousuincd befiirc any of the family becanie aware of the catastrophe. -»

STRENGTH or -rirI:Ariarv now in Irtiu..iuo.-—Six cav.il. ry itnd i-igliteeu inl'untry regiments. fifteen depots of infantry, ttvo tron. of l:oynIxlIorse Artillery. and ten coinpanicii of the Royal Arti er izttttt ion. Nuinbers:—Cavalr 8 000- ‘ - - Arlilleriq l.l60. totiil. 2i.sio. ’ ' ' '"r'""" "’"°’

Va:ssIr.s ruricr-iasuo IY 'rrrir Rovar. Navv roit Till Aitcric Ext-non-ro.~r.—-Oii Sattirilny it return in piirliaiitent was printed from which it iippeiini that between April IBIS. and Miiy I850. there were eight vessels apociiilly purcltancd for the Acrtiii Searching I-Expedition, itinoiinting to £io6,-t7|_ 9.. |o.|_

T0 DI”! AWAY M0lQl'l1‘ous.—Attuch a piece of flannel or sponge to II tlircad, outdo fast to the top of the bedstead; wet the flannel or sponge with catiipolirstcd upirtts and these insects will leave the room.

Thev are of the Liuniriitn Ordei of Dipters. According to smgllig in his l"liilos-opli of Natural Hietoiy. their tnontlia are armed with “"00" ‘WI ‘"0 0". by lIll'otI'tl of which they pierce the skin of uni- mnls and feed upon their blood.

“'9'” '!°°l"'¢l‘¢“"'l_"°"0i I ltlppose, iii made by the attrition °flIW“' WWI’. II. I b°l|°V0i ll lb case with Grasshoppers.

Two Wcclts lafcf-from California.

_ Nazvv Youx. Wednesday. A. M. Sneante Bin irri City. from Cbagrea 25th and Kingston Nth July, arrived at M f-pnst eight o'clock this morning. She brings Cli400.500 [old on freight. and $800,000 in hands of passengers. Number of passengers lot).

The cat fire on the sat of June at Sea Ilrancisco. corrirnciieed on the ortli_sido of Pacific street, near Putvell street. at to o'clock. on the morning of the above date. The In spread from tlieucu down Pacific street. and through to Broadway. and thence on to Stockton street. In half an hour the lanes bud croaogd raga-'tc nrcet. and at the same tiinc. crossed Stanton street and spread rapidly down Broadway. Pacific and Jackson streets.

Along Broadway _sll_vrac ccnvurncd us far as Kissraey street. On Pacific street the buildings vrsro couuuriisd as far as Ohio street. in- cluding the City Hall and Cu Hospital. In the course cf the litmus cu Jscltsiui nraut. every in; was burnt as lbr as Iloutpuiory firm pie yrell as a fi::v‘lviriuiiss on Htocktcii tact.

re uatoudurl ' ' ‘.2‘."..."‘.'..l.‘“.‘.‘;°.".:‘.':".:."‘“'i"v'“"‘3 "‘*"""’i'.;'l"‘-°°“".';.‘t imfi u uranium mpnias lleuss la fix?’ ‘W "m ‘mu’ Ca Rania gym.‘ 5*... pg... the California Ofluc. up..b|-::d‘:nquygq .5. 1.‘:

C is cftbuV uduh.thu stranded ._...."r.:..'.¢‘:.......';-...............‘+..:;..‘.'.'=.*'.'-:

w0I_- tpcuisvyatrsstthswsstsiilsirbsi-stttunrggflggg I-li street. and on the cult ititouio nsiso,ucspttivs or thraabu lsgsusarthaesrucrsfilselrscustruiit.

rad 3...... Wsshhqtcu and Clay Irccta tbaoul buildluglru ‘u pgempied by Liuiuuu tllurltlq. I-It-on uiiiucgtouctrud it. In crossed ovc scar debs El Der-sdototIiciiew'I'IIcuIr:‘ ' ittcb was doutrsivud. ‘Ibo flasuss spaced thence to Merchant s '5. rosuud intt; Clay street. on north side, below Califovuiu Ex- ;,_" °. ..,...... it. an extended to I brick iuitiaiiigoa IIIO Iiortlt aid:‘°0:3¢||plOd by Tullunt si Wilde. corner of nonigoiiioiy street.

A',, ;m..,..... quantity of goods removed to the Plasa. took fire, ut'§‘l_.“".0;')°n‘il:""‘:"¥:‘I"M Ci, “.,,,,ii.| itqnibsriiig 90. were removed into u lot near the licspttri . and all saved.

Charles 8. Lyons \VltI burned to death, also Mr. Bsche. of the firm Beebe. Burnett & Co. _ _

The excitement which has been erected since tlis fire, against "E dnpemann [mus amongst us, has resulted in ii ileiermimitioii on the part of our citizens. to prevent the IIIICIIII‘ of any iiti_iro [tof- aona from the Penal Colonies. unless they can produce lelltfltoltltlltl Mgfi-‘r.ilrt‘i:‘.i>.i‘vm1|:irc’ Micsouur I{i'vuri—I"rua:.—'flie St. Louis Re uhlican of the 29th ult. contains some particulars of a destruc- iivifstorin which recently occurred on the Missouri River. It corri- iiieitced at Kaiiesvillc or its vicinity on the night of \Voducsday, the 11th, and followed down the river front fly to seventy-fivo miles. The course of the hurricane was marked by the Ierlmll ruin it caused. Trees were ahiverod, fences levelled, the roofs of houses carried off. griiirii crops destroyed, and nothing appeared to .m.A'dfi'r?:o:ifrfnc:In:nIihe “Kg!-II inst. at Oregon. Mo.. which involved it con-idcriiblc destruction of property. and the losii of three. or pro- btibly more. lives. A _hotel_ was struck by l_ightnin_;. and the flatinea uouti spread in every di_re_ctioa. Scycn or eight persops were in the room where the fire originated. 'l he doors became iiiipussablii by the flauies. and those who failed to avail I.IIGllIIBIVs:u of the perilous chance of escape offered by the window. were consumed.

'I‘iiuca: EXICUTIONI Irv oiu: I)Av.—Ncxt I"rida (Jn? 26th.) is a pointed for the execution, in New Vorli, ofC tirleii . Douglass. ldwurd Penson and Frederick Clements, the three sailors convicted of the murder of. the second _i_nate of the Bnrque Gloria in September last. There is no probability of portion or re- Pnlelfii-rcgret to learn that the rot will destroy nearly the entire potato crop in Central Iowa. \Vo learn from our exchanges that the disease has nliio uppcared in the vicinity of Dhuque, and in various parts of Illinois and Wisconsin.—Boslon Pod.

Tit: Lorraxs-r Srxaaruu IN THE Wous.n —'I'lie steamer Eclipse, now on the stocks at Louisville, Ky.. in to be 359 feet in length. She is to have eight of the liirgest sized hoilerii, und ber water-wliccl will be forty-two feet in diaiiieter. She will be corri- pleted in tire full. and it is expected that she will make the trip from New Orleans to Loiiisville in four days.

BY TELEGRAPII, FROM NEW YORK. Atmurr H, I851.

The Ciinadinn Assembly have this day adopted rcuiltlliiiuu appro- printing Sixteen Millions of Dollars loioards flu Trunk Railway to Htilifrrz. _ _

The itbove affords unequivocal proof that Canada is right eiirnesf in her advocacy of the Ritil Road. The infereitl iiflier public debt is about three times the principal ofourit, iitid yet she hcaitiitcs not to borrow British Mono nt 3.} per cent, for intcriiril iiiipruveriient. Ilincks iii admitted to I icfirsl I"i'rianci'er in British North America. and perhaps second to no Statesman npoii the Continent.

Tris: Crtoi-u.—Thc Weevil is proving very destructive in sove- ral ofllic Counties, and the potutudisciiue has shown itselfin several fields upon the Peninsula lteio. It is supposed Io be of a milder type tltuii formerly. although the proprietors of the fields itltaiclrcd, as we think very prudently. mow down the tops itttuiediiilcly when they discover them affected.