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"" an no ua iro ND xml - g g _...mg Larnsr News
(IA.
' .71--_ _ ` _
f 'BEST Wiiillliit-S.
._---I
-my are by, America l _ Talent and Methods.
'_ .
_-is-
!HAilDEST '[0 CUUNTERFEIT.
}-,gm ¢he.Tlme of Paul Revere. the
First American. lanknote Artist, Ours Have Bean More Dllouli to imitate Than_Thoee of the Old World. '
To gay that Americans make the best
_banknotes in the world may sound,at lm-gt rather boastful. and yet any hia- _wry of the' art and industry of note ‘engraving which fafiled to record that ‘ Re-
fact would be incomplete. Paul
'vere was the drst American banknoto
ll l V VV _ i
NATTY _Tor _cola
n A Comfortable Wnp
_For Wlntry Weather.
t
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jrtlst, and from the time of the chan- _terlng tif the Bank of North America _under the direction of Robert Morris. in 1781, up to the present .American bngravers have excelled not only in the artisti: quality of their designs. but in their provisions against counterfeiting.
illtu-co Polo found banknotes in Chl. nn ages ago, printed on .paper made from the bark of the mulberry tree. 0ne of the notes upon which th great |venetlan traveler himself may have gazed is on exhibition at this day in the otlice of an American company. It in one of n series issued by the Ming
dynasty _about 1399 A. D.-“cu.1é1°eent anywhere under heaven"-and s ms to have been printed from wooden blocks on a sheet of paper nine by thirteen inches, a bigger surface than any man could cover with both hands outstretched. It _ is good for “one string of cash." The provision against forgery isrslmple to the point of sever- ity; “Counterfelters hereof will be ex- ecuted. Persons giving infomation of counterfeiters will be rewarded with tuels 250 and in addition willreceive the property belonging to the crimi-
nal." _
Another great government has placed much dependence upon death as a de- terrent to imitators of its promises to pay, When Jacob Perkins of New- bur_vport, Mass., invented the method of transferring designs from hardened steel plates to steel cylinders and re- trnnsfel-rlng to tint- plates, thus en- abling the engraver to devote the time necessary to accomplish his 'best work in the original and reproduce _it at will, the new process aroused international interest. Mr. Perkins and his asso- ciaies went to London in 1810 at the instance of the British l minister at \\`ashington to help the Bank of Eng- land to issue notes not easily counter- felled. But the conservative old bank refused to adopt the _new method, pre- i‘t~rri_n_g. _as one_of_ _the Americans. said, to rely upon the hangman rather than tho engraver. Nevertheless the Eng- lish began in time to follow American methods after the geometric iathevhatl been invented by Asa Spencer of New London, Conn., and improved by Cyrus ‘ Durand. ' The governments of continental Eu- ropa depend exclusively upon color work to'protect their paper currency, and several of tile large banks of issue have civil engineers in charge of their bureau of engraving and printing. though what connection there ynay be between engineering and engraving is a mystery. Many Italian banknotes are easy to counterfeit. The Bank of Spain has of late abandoned its own plant because its notes were imitated so successfully that counterfeits were accepted by the bank without ques- tion. A private concern now does the work. The Bank of Greece now uses the American method. having had and expel-lcnces with notes of Austrian.
German and English fashioning.
A myth that probably wil) never die tolls as that the notes of the Bank of Elurland cannot be counterfeited. As_ rt matter of fact, they can be imitated “Willy enough. for little attempt is made to protect the notes beyond the use or n watermark paper. The _wa- termark can be easily copied.
One practical safeguard of great of-‘ for-tivcness is the custom of the Bank 0! England to cancel every note that is returned to the bank and issue anoth- cr in its place. Thisand the practice of keeping a reco'rd of the numbers of all bank notes used in\ every business cslahllshment keep alive a keen sense of responsibility which adds to secu- 1'll_v. The custom of circulating soiled banknotes, of course. gives the coun- tta-feiter bis host opportunity. Forgery is muehmore _readily detected in a crisp. stiif. new bill than in a rumpled and dirty one. ` The Amerlcauetyle of banknoteghse become the standdrd ia the countries of Central and South America. The experience of the Brazilian government led tho way in this after various dis- appointments. First the much vauntf ed Austrian system was tried, the notes bein; . ,arrayed and nriaftd il England midst' that system; They proved e te- failure. Qollilw'-` feltevs The Brasilianl tried banknotes madain France. had these W°\‘° promptly and extensively imlflir
ed st; soouiae thi counferfeitera cw lzeti r tesa d _li_l!~N!¢!_‘~ ° at will (meteo establish- m°llll» hilt attll vlltllillil l0¢il\'|\\l W0* tactlon to the _hankuobo circulatiolls
ana st lm www the unitsastms ana ,nouns s ' -othtlie reeoticnllr impossible to _ ttphluflil lofts ie no boast. bataarl`l'ioo¢d_a£h¢f»U°
stag that snaps the but ba notes up worlds-betreit News.
_ _ n _ _ _ _ pressure is dangerous; ` Study to think
'Never force yourself to learn what you
~._-MN.. ,_
LONG COAT OF REVERSIBLE CLOTH.
For really cold wather nothing is
more comfortable than a coat of tho new rather rough reversible cloth. The model illustrated is of dark green cloth with revert and cuffs of the green anti white reversible side of the material. The cut is very new and the lines long and slender in cllect.
Good Advlal. Plofessor Illaehie vos tho follow
i
- . - _
ing advice to "young men.” but it will be well if every feminine reader o this page will follow it:
“Never whi vour brain. All high
as quietly and easily as you breathe.
have no talent for. Knowledge with- out love will remain a lifeless manu- facture. not a living growth.
“Be content to be ignorant of many
things that you may know one thing well, and that thing which God espq cially endowed you to know.
"It requires tire to fuse the materials
of thinking no less than to melt the iron in the foundry.
“But remember this, howevef strong
you may be. physically, to strike a blow and however sharp, intellectu-_ ally, to recognize n fact-that to dis- cern a difference your success in the game of life depends on the serious culture which you give to tho third formative force in human character. your moral nature. and of the rightful supremacy of this element a compro- hensive expression is found right in the simple word. love. -"On this all prophets, poets and phi- losophers agree."
A Pretty Blouse In Shades of Blue. Very sheer line white china silk is
used for this dressy little waist, one of the dainty models from Paquin for wear with fall coat and skirt suits. The design has a kimono yoke of t.ueked'siik, and on this is arranged the
amuse 'fra _ I _I
embyoidersd eectionfyrhio ' mug " "flu" Fla- l ' “`s silk b k~, ll _0 _.0 _ . ‘ .Savill "’.'.‘.. L... ' au'-ma-b
imother was Princess Alix of Hesse.,
’ ind than I fell asleep again.
wlihtbhldren
Alexis Nioholaievltoh. the Russian Curia len- _l .l
_...__
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Photo by American Press Association. '[
,_
Grand Duke Alexis Nicholaievlt.ch._E heir apparent to the throne of Russiaf recently celebrated his seventh birth day. In his native land he is calledi the czarevitch. which means crownf prince or heir apparent to the throne( His father, Nicholas il.. the czar. han' been on the throne since 1804. Htl
l ` l
and she is a granddaughter of the late Queen Victoria of England." Alexis in the only son of his parents. though he- has four sisters, all of whom are oldet_ than himself.
Mumbly Peg. 1
Every lad knows how to play mum-_ bly peg by heart or can easily learn. Two or three boys can best play to-‘ gether. and all they need are suitable soft ground and a good jackknife. p
The game has sometimes twenty-`
four movements, and skillful players can perform nearly all the different feats. always gaining the two lingers. which make a fair “stick." Every. player in turn goes through as many, plays as he can till he completes the circuit. Tho boy who loses used to pay the penalty hy pulling a two incl# peg out of the ground. This feature has been compietelyfidroppeudn recena years and many of the old movements left out. _
The game. however, has lost none of'
its interest, and good players are able to stick the knife inthe ground from all diiiicnlt positions. These include. dropping the knife from dlirerenli parts of the body and sometimes throwing it over the head. Boys must' be careful when playing the game and' give the player plenty of room. All. boys are familiar with the-diifereno, feats they must perform w$h the knife to win the game. _ _.....-
How Money Camo to Bo Used.
Il: was somewhere between A
years 560 and 640 B. 0. that money inj the form of gold and silver coins camo’ into use in Lydia, an ancient eountryli of Asia Minor. Croesus was the mon-l arch who introduced the system oft coinage, gold being held as more val-t uable in the proportion of three to, four. It is said that Darius of Pen-l lla soon adopted the idea of auch a; medium, as it simpiitied trade. »| _ 'Hao Greeks issued their iirst metal coin some time during the seventh* ccintury B. 0.. and the entire civilizedl world had adopted the money systsml
in the fourth century B. O.. Up tes
l
the'
the death of Alexander the Greek coins bore on them sacred subjects in the form of some deity. Oolnl of Miistus bear a lion; those of liirstriai show a cow and a sucking calf; thosel of Cyztcue show a tunny iish. these were symbols of goddesses. But.- coins issued under the empire bear the imperial bust on one side and some' 'sacred emblem on the other. Greens coins have been of valuable asistance ,to scholars in systematizlng Greet lmythology. ~
A -1-» 'I
sl o
The Game of Shopping. While the children are seated in ring they must go shopping. Th child who starts the game says to his neighbor at the left: ' `
"I have been busy all day, shop-.
lping.”
"What did you buy?" asks the child'
to whom be spoke. , _The drst child may then give the name of some article that he can touch. without leaving his chair-boots or , ribbon or watch cntnn or nomls. 'rben Ithe game goes on. and when tho ques- _tious and answers have, gono\aronnd the circle two or three times you will' _eso how dimcult it will he to and the answers.
.T_..._
- The Lest House.
house. my vlry own.
made of wood or brick oaltonm 4 l
t it was built of-c\'!lt.l hrilht. _ _taroolene towers. one frosty elrhb 6 round it was a garden. too. -
trees and plante and aovvsrl grill
And than were birds wlttrsllver wisp . And, oh, so :amy pretty things ___-__
Lorne to quit my books and play;
ook at them the iiveloug dayl t
woke and saw it all so plain,
sf.. 9
.‘e_.
aolsembroidsred mehr oejsss add brightness 'and color. -ft he milf'
o esolmlet. _
T9!!! ` . i H1 I1_llll\|*** T°\l\m¥*e _ i "1 '°“~ isamsnwolovss utsei ofthe
enemiesaq peg _ M- O." _H6-e
motifs are of silver it "l§t'Li>l\10 lil*
'A feature of the biowr%.`@ WI eiggvhettheeibow. _- _ __ _ _L
swans I stent un brosd daylight
alll
l !
,Good _ form
-11-at
Popular. but Bad Form. |
Manygirls are “bad form" without suspecting it. Here are a few things. little considered. that are popular, but not in good taste. l Inqulsltiveness. Have you never priod into personal affairs by ques-
tions!
Boiateroua. `Nolsy fun, especially in public, is common in both senses of the word; A girl can have a good time without laughing and talking at high*
pitch. '
Practical joking. What seems pure
.wit to the perpetrator, to the victim is stupid horsepiay or downright malice. _ Intrusion. Some girls have no re- spect, for privacy. They burst into a closed room without knocking, oifer their-society unasked and will inter- rupt the most earnest- conversation without a perfunctory “I beg your pan-
don."
Disioyalty. It is ill bred if nothing
else to run down those to whom you owe fealty or to betray a friend's con- iidence. Even worse is it to discuss
family aifairs with outsiders.
Bickering. Girls may not mean any-
thing when they argue before a third person, but the listener il just as un- comfortable as though th_e_‘disputanf.s were at daggers drawn. Especially ‘ poor taste is it for one to argue with her fiance or husband in public. .
Brugging. What if you are a belle.
have hosts of suitors and trunks full of line clothes? The girl of good taste ‘allows the world to discover her popu- larity and food fortune. She does not. thrust them upon- it. ~ A
Slang. There is s big reaction in fa-
vor of the girl \vho can enjoy life to the full. yet keep her respect forlgood English. `
Sponging. Some girls have the no- tion that the world owiis them a good time, and they snatch pleasure at the expense of their friends with- no thought of return. The girl who is al- ways out of change. who proposes gayetles for which others pay, who ac: cepts favors and is churllsh about fa- voring is worse than bad form; she is almost dishonest. _ Fibbing. Truth is right, likewise well bred. The girl whose word is worthless, who wrlggles out of every uncomfortable situation. who tells you one thing and her next conddantan- other, is bad styie: '
...___-
Etiquotte In Business Oifioe. It is a noticeable fact: that many
good business women are confused. even embarrassed, when calling on a. 'man al; his place of business. Her en- trance into the world of aifairs is ot such recent origin that no stated oillce etiquette has been established. _ In receiving n woman caller in oiiice or store a man need not offer to shake 'hands. If his time is limited he can delicately couvery the fact by meeting his caller outside his private oihce and l standing while she explains her erraud.
When he receives her in his oilice he
does it much as he would in his own home, with hat oif and coat on. He observes the little courtesy ot dnding her a chair and placing it comfortably. By explaining there are certain de- mands he must hasten to meet be sig- nalizes his desire that his caller be brief, and to accentuate the request he may stand during the conversation. '1‘o_dednitely close the interview he should explain that another and previ- ous engagsment: claims his attention and make another appointment when time will admit of e. more satisfactory reception.
Dozens of men who pride themselves
on their gentlemaniy conduct in the home or in the drawing rooms of friends are the vevlest boors in their business relations. Their excuse is that women waste a great deal of val- uable time on business nothings; that: feminine errands are often frivolous. This being the case. why do they not plead another engagement and thus gracefully extricate themselves from an undesirable situation? A man of good manners never ilnds itnscessary to be rude or cburlish to a lady, be he in the business oiilce or the ballroom. Having terminated the interview. the woman rises. If she is in a private emce the man rises and opens the door. standing outside while she passes out If she is a friend or relative he accom- panies her to the outer door or ele- vator. ` Dy observing these few rules of odlce courtesy a man will make a call easy for a caller-a precaution often much to his advantage in these days of mixed hnqinees ability and _women of large alairs.
luioa Governing Invitations. Invitations for a man should be ad- dressed to his residence or club, not to his ohiee.
An invitation for a married woman
should always include the husband un less the entertainment is exclusively for women. in the same way an in- vitation to a married man must in cltde his wife unless it le for a stag affair.
Invitations to dinner and lnncheons
are never sent to persons _who are in deep mourning. ~
The answer to an invitation should be written ln the same style and ds-
fl ~ -°-'*w---- - .
_ _ ,-
NOVEMBER 18, 1911. np;-r 0;-_ Aw. ' ( it-=-ill,
ELL* PEB
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||Woman’sWo1°ld \
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l
"' *T Hanan Fannswoarn xmas
|`¢ _ _ . “A woman sculptor, the recent re- cipient of an important commission, is Miss Helen Farnsworth Mears, a native of Oshkosh, Wis. She has been awarded the honor of capping the new $0,000,000 state capitol at Madl- son, Wis., with n colossal bronze ilgure. Miss liienrs was one of the favorite pupils of the late St. Gaudens.
2 THE AUTUMN Blouses.
Only Exceptional Models Show Any _ Novel Featuror. Many new blouses are being shown
now, but they seldom boast of a single feature which can be rcgurdcd as u novelty. One of the exceptions is tt chic little shot taffeta affair. cut in kimono style, with a snrpllcs closing' and a wide c_ollnr and revers. it has a vest, stock and undersleeves of line
lace. It see s y tl thing of this kind may become popu- lar since shot tnffeia is one of tho
fashion at present. _Another model’ that is somevvhat"simfllIi""id"eil'ect in' in reality a little coat, to ho worn over any simple lace or net waist and having a short; plalted peplum.
An extremely smart ,white satin
blouse has several new points, oi’ which the sleeve is perhaps the most noticeable. it is full length and tits close below the elbow, but is cut in 'onepiece with the body of the blouse and is decidedly roomy at the nrmholc_ The line of the shoulder, however. is \Jl`0\i€l1 by 8. lJ0l@l'0. which reaches to the base of the neck and goes under the belt at the back, but lms a deep armhole and in front, near the belt, is cutaway to show glimpses of a lace underblouse. There is o. high collar of lace like the underhlousc. and a friil to match falls' from thc closing in front, which is adorned with four or tivo carved ivory buttons. There are. besides. various artistic ilnishing touches in the way of ilnely corded edges and little black pipings.
A sort of decoration that was in
vogue not so very many years ago- wide horizontal tucks below the bust- has reappeared in some exquisite cre- ations of chiffon and the iinest band- kerchief linen, with a slight tlutilncsn of elect added to the tucks. Ou a liinen blouse frills of narrow valen- ciennes fall from under the tucks, _while on one of white chiffon there are several rows of dna shlrring above the tucks, which are themselves gath- ered.
_ Popularity of Velvet Costumes. _ Velvet is going to be a popular mn- tcrlal this winter for growuups and child.ren's costumes. The picture illus-
}l
VII Afflll-
gree of formality in which the invita-
nlebody etole my house outrlxhtl
| you know who! "rio as bw! I ; susteuiusttitusfu t _ t °&~`l'a?.fnl“‘&.T’ “n.°°'°~.§°s%
. _ &t\'o
_ pu
_
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‘ -` ` a W’ ' $1 uf- |
‘ _ ff _ -~ l. -'off _
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- ' 1'./...fy g-._Jft~,, '< .»2_ » il U » '
. _ - -
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tion is Written. 4 Follow the formula of the invitation precisely in yonrprepiy, and _yeusvlll beeuretobseoneel- »» w ;--;i.1‘a,}
smart little coat of royal blue velvet.
materials most highly approved h_\'|
Tlus Fon runs.
The Latest Fashions In Felte Very Smart.
IKAIAIA NECKPIECE AND NEW M`Ul‘B'.
The latest muffs ot the season are of
triangular shape, soft. iioppy models that show a deep pointed and when the hand warmer is carried. The bolster shape, so much used lust rvinler, is not; seen among the new iurs, but the con-
!servative woman will select for the design of hor mui`l` a large squnrc shape trimmed with fur tails or, ncwcr still, with a deep silk fringe at the bottom.
In neckpieces either the large scarf
_is worn or the very tiny neck baud. ` like the one shown in the illustration. which, together with the muff, is formed of alternate bands of fur and embroidery.
Cleaning Hints. Coffee stains on colored goods can
[be removed it nt once sopped with a :clean sponge wet with cold wntcr. ; Place the dnulngcd spot: over a. thickly folded cloth or tl. basin anti keep | changing tho water in the sponge until
lthe coffee disappears. | To clean white paint rub well with 'a damp cloth dipped in oatmeal, wipe
m not; uniikel mg some. *with a damp cloth and lastly with n
idry dustcr. This is especially useful : treatment for linger marks on doors.
Brass hetlsicads can he cleaned by
rubbing with n cloth dipped in sweet
-“oft” After\va1°d'poiish ‘w-lttr a'soft,“dry i piece of leather.
To remove grease spots from wall
paper sprinkle u plcco of blotting pn- per with baking soda and hold it over .the spot: while you press the paper ‘with a moderately hot iron. Tile blot- ting paper vvill absorb the grease. and the soda prevents injury to the colors fin the wall paper.
_____..i_....._- Modlsh Furs. The fair woman with plenty of color
in her checks cannot do hotter in her ‘selection of furs this season than to
4"' ll'I‘ Ol' AUSTRALIAN OBINCIILLL1
purchase a muff and stole of chin- 'chilla. The ctrt illustrates the very last cry in n set of Australian chiuchliln made up with a fabric stuif of oriental coloring.
._...----
T
'11 ‘Z
3 Z
SPEE
Finding the Velocity oi a Missile
a Simple Matter. _ _
MEASURED BY A PAPERURUIB.
d g-tal ‘
_The Whlrllng Cylinder Ie_|l§\Ol'l the _ Projectlle'e Flight Mlnutagv
ouraoy at Any Desired Dljastegy _ _Wing lhete and Shot Chargea-
Persons at all interested in gun of any kind, whether of the revolver or rliie or of heavy ordnance of any lllud. occasionally come upon the term “muzzle velocity" and velocities of the
missile at stated distances. _
“How can anybody tell how hat g
bullet is traveling when it leaves the muzzle of a weapon?" is a likely com-
ment on the part of the layman
As' a matter of fact this approximate
velocity of the missile may be one of the easiest of determinations to make.
In the iirst place. a drumlike cylinder ls made of fixed diameter and of auf- ' ii(-icntiy stiff paper to allow of Sta re- volving rapidly on a spindle. Using I ‘ cylinder of small circumference, it is necessary that the speed approach 2,000 revolutions n minute. These rev- olutions are produced by electric pow- _ er, and the count is made by an exacl mechanical register.
The gun is placed securely at the re-
quired distance from the drum and is sighted directly at the center of the cylinder, which is spinning at eo’ UHUIY rods, even. miles, a minute, aa, its circumference determines. With the drum‘s speed adjusted an electric current discharges the weapon, tho' bullet on-hung the center of the at-nm' as measured from top to bottom. l
The reader understands that with the!
drum stationary tho bullet would paso directly through it on the line oi’ its diameter. coming out on the other side with scarcely tt shade of impediment. With the drnm'n periphery wbirlingaa the rate of 2,000 revolutions a minute and its diameter only a fraction more than a foot this would mean a rate of 2.000 yards in sixty seconds. Thus in the fragment of a second necessary for the bullet to enter one side of the pa- per drum. cross it and out at the other side the opposite eldo of the drum would show considerable deviation from an exact diameter of line of pas- sage, - 4
It ts this space of deiiection "shown
Inside the further rim of the drum that is used for tho computation of velocity of the missile. Tho speed of the cylin- der may be computed to the ten thou- m@onr and the'lineal distance run in that time be charted in perpendicular lines on tho inner sidc of the paper. At what- ever line the bullet penetrates outward it registers its time in crossing tho diameter of the cylinder. if it has ro- quircd the ten-ihousandth part of _a second for the bullet to ily one foot its muzzle velocity to the' mile may he computed by any schoolboy. By the same process, too. the buliet's velocity nt 100 yards or 500 yards may be do-` termincd.
Years ago before wing shooting had,
become an nrt the farmer with his' muzzle loading shotgun and charge ol black powder would shoot directly at ai wild goose or duck in full night. He, evolved a theory of his own as to thof oncoming bird. holding that the heavy breast feathers “turued" the shot. He' waited until the bird had passed him svhen, tiring directly at it, he could? bring down his quarry. _
But it was not because the bird
not vulnerable, coming breast on.; The fact was that it edw over his] charge of shot. Before he could pnllf the trigger and the hammer foil ony the percussion cap and the compara- tively slow black powder could bs ig-Q niied and exploded, sending the boi' t\veut_v-tive or thirty yards, the bird‘ had down yards perhaps beyond its* position when tho fowler nrst touched the trigger. But tiring directly at tha bird after lt had passed the shot charge had a strong tendency to drop s it flew and the bird dying on at
8 f llevci lino‘"got in the ,way" of tho
charge. Today the modern nitro powders ard
immensely qulrkcr than was the oldl
.black gunpowder. yet it has been ap
engineering problem to determine Just! how fast and in what linc n charge od' shot will travel. in this determine-` tion the revolving drum device hal shown several important facts which have been taken in connection the speed of individual game bin]_h| and the effects of wtndage on a shot
charge. ' 'rhot most important fact so to aight of shot from a modern ehotguht is that nt forty yards the shot ahh "‘st'rung ont" for approximately lift __
feet. While the leading pellets in string have greatest velocity and - ing power. at this distance even trailing pellets are of sutilcient fo
to kill.
All this bes led to the modern tice of the fowler to reckon with ‘speed of his shot. the speed of bird. the influence of the wind ‘ “drifting” the charge, and out
tam satabtubeo nets to "i¢sa"‘-€§
bird suillcientiy to kill it rather
Hint to the Laundress. "There is no reason in the world why
the wnshbonrd should be usctl in the laundering of clothes," said a woman recently. "All that is necessary to make the clothes clean is to soak them
U°‘\'Ul|\ *N9 WU-\"°9l‘7°F’l'3l WVU* `a few hours in water, lukewarm, in
which soap has heéh sliced. with a
irntos the vogue for this becoming tablcspoonful of kerosene. Then take fabric. llother in wearing a fetching them out and let boil in hot water for suit of black velvet and satin. and her, ten minutes. They can thenbe hung
small daughter is trigged out in a upon the line after atsrehlni, and
_ i _
5 than is very little work about 'Y
maim and cripple it.--llarvin Boi
., i
to Chicago Tribune. _
~ The Other National Game. _ Mrs. Galey (as Galey arrives ho at tl a. m.)-Well. what in the wo reminded you to come home at al Galcy-The game was called on a eount oi daylight. my dear.-Puck.
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