Elie (nnoruion

Covers Prince Edward Island Like the Dew

Puizlisnz‘-rt every week-day morning at 165 Prince Street Charlottetown, P.E.l.. by the Thomson Company Ltd. lam A Burnett. Publisher and General Manager Frank Walker, Editor Member Canadian Daily Newspaper Publishers Association Member of The Canadian Press

. ' Member Acluli Bureau of Circulation: BI'_.:=1ch offices at Summerside, Montague and Aibertol ts:-uresented Nationally by‘ Thomson, Newspaper:

Advertising Service ' " M King Street West, Toronto, Out. a: 640 Cathcart St., Montreal . 1030 West Georgia Street, Vancouver

33 Carrie: Charlottetown, Summerside $15.00 per Ill- uum Elsewhere in P.E.1. $9.00. other Provinces and U.S. Slum ner annum. PAGE 4 FRIDAY, MARCH 7, 1958

”fNaliona| Party Claims

"It has often been said in the past that only a national party can hope to win a federal election and form la government. This was the argument used by the Liberals against the Con- s‘.ervatives'as well as other parties in the 1957 campaign. Today the situa-

tion has changed and it is the Conser- vatives who are now making this

c“-lai_m, with considerable justification. I

The extent of the change has been analyzed in the current issue of The Dalhousie Review, in an article by Prof. J. M. Beck, / The gains made by the party in the three Maritime Provinces were better . than at any time since Confederation, except for 1925 and 1930. The party

last year won 19 out of 26 Maritime ’

seats. It took all fdur of Prince Ed- Ward Island’s seats" for the first time since 1874. In Nova Scotia. it took 10 out of 12. Even in Newfoundland, which was extremely difficult fight- ing ground, the party not only elected two members, but made considerable gains in other ridings.

" The remarkable feature of these

results in the Maritimes is that they -

w5gre,made at the same time‘ as gains were made in the West. In the four Wgstern provinces the Conservatives hbjd been seeing‘ a‘ steady decline in their share of the popular vote. It had ranged fr"-om“20 to 23 per cent’ between 1935 and 1949, and had, in the election of 1953 plummeted down- ward to only 15.5 per cent. ~Condi- tions, in fact, had beenso adverse that seven of ‘the party’s nine vic- U ies in 1953 had appeared to be per-

‘sonal rather than party victories. ,

ast year, however, the party A bled its popular vote.‘ Of the 70 vfgstern seats,‘ t'he‘CCF took 22, the

cécxservatives .21, the Social «Credit '

129; -and the ‘ Liberals. only 8. This means that the ‘Conservatives attain- éd,§almost the same result as the CCF, the’ CCF’s own area, and act-

‘ ua“rllydrew‘a ‘greater ‘number of votes. I

_At the: Sametime that the party made these gains both east and west,f it, strongly advanced itsposition in

tario. There‘ Mr. Diefenbaker took -I

or-of the province’s 85,, seats.

that the party, while. making gains, failed to make progress equivalent to that in the rest of the country. Here there was a gain of. four seats. But it is interesting to note that the

party’s percentage of the popular vote '

in Quebec has been steadily rising. In 1940 the party gained only 19.8 of the popular vote in Quebec; in 1949, 24.1 per cent; in 1953, 29,.3iper cent; and in 1957, 31.5 per cent. _ L T V This trend towards ’a larger share ‘of the, popular votq will, it may be assumed, not be retarded’ by the fact that the party.is now inpower. Since the, percentage of the popular vote rose steadily, if moderately, under :adverse conditions, it may reasonably be -expected to gain still further under ;more favorable conditions.

Beef Production.

Whatever 1958 may have in store for farmers generally, it promises to be a good year for Canadian beef producers. That, at least, is the opin- ion of Mr. B. K. Bennett, head of the Livestock Merchandising Section of the Federal Department of Agricul- ture. . ‘ A According to Mr. Bennett, there are 100,000 fewer head of cattle on feed in Canada at the present time than a year ago, while in the United States on Jan. 1 the number was 3 per cent less than last year. In 1957 American cattle men imported about 204,000. head of feeder cattle from Canada. This high number was par- tially due to the fact that the severe drought in the United States had been broken in most localities and -many farmers who otherwise would have sold cattle last fall were in the market to buy. Another reason was that American producers had on hand is record supply of corn and other grains, allowing them to feed more cattle than usual. This strong de- mand for Canadian feeder cattle is likely to continue‘ for some time, ac- cording to Mr. Bennett.

Mr. Bennett says that Canadian cattle prices are closely tied to United States’ levels. When cattle are in short supply in this country the price

t,-was in tl1'e“Province‘_'of Queloecvg

level moves up; but as soon as the price at Toronto rises above the Chi- .cago price, American cattle start to move into Canada. When beef cattle are moving in from the United States the United States’ price sets a ceiling above which Canadian prices do not rise. Conversely, when Canada has a surplus the Canadian price tends to become the S. price, less the cost of shipping. This means that the U. S. price provides a floor below which Canadian prices do not ‘fall. It is interesting to note that, while only about 27 per cent of Canadians live in Western Canada, 65 per cent of the cattle produced in Canada is sent to market from there, a fact which would seem to indicate that beef production in Eastern Canada is I far below what it ought to be. The quality of beef herds in Canada is improvi all the time. In. 1948 the number of top grade carcasses was less than 6,000 per week, repre- senting about 15 per cent of the totaal slaughter. Last year the weekly aver- age was nearly 15,000 head. 39 per cent of the total.

A Good Example" Mario Echandi is not numbered among the top-notch public figures.

of governments, nor is he likely to be given the Nobel Prize for peace. Yet, he is about to do something which, if it became a universal practice, would enable the nations to work out their problems in peace, unideterred by the threat of war. ‘

' Senor Echandi is the President- elect of Costa Rica. He was elected to the post on Feb. 5, and he will be inaugurated on May 8. His first act on assuming office, he told the press . the‘ other day, will be to abolish the country’s armed forces which total about 1,000 men. Then, heqwilloffer whatever arms the countryihas in its possession to “those _who,so1d them’, to us, in exchange for ploughs and tractors”. “Costa Rica. will be the first country in the world”, he said, “to govern itself without arma- ments”. As soon as it can be arrang- ed, the Government will abolish im- port duties on medicines, agricultural and industrial implements, machinery and sportd equipment. . —

It's hard to understand _why any small and poor country persists in holding on to its arms. They can I never be strong enough to repel an. invader; but they do "mean a heavy?- burden on the citizens. Perhaps some ‘day all the nations, great and small, will see the folly of devoting the bulk of their national incomes to building up instruments of war. If and when that day does come, Senor Echandi‘ A willbe praised as one who set a good example in "a crazed world. '

And Hens Lay Eggs!

After years of investigating, the un-American activities committee of the U.S. Congress has come up with some wonderful ‘information. It -knows the leaders’ of international Communism and, what’s more, it "reveals them in thumbnail sketches

in volume -7 of its annual report.

Briefing a series it has published, entitled “Who Are They?” the com- mittee reports that these, are the leaders of international Commun- ism: Nikita Khrushchev, Nikolai Bulganin, Mao Tse-tung, Chou En- lai, Marshals Zhukov and Konev, Walter Ulbricht of East Germany,

Janos Kadar‘ of Hungary, Marshalx Tito of Yugoslavia, Wladyslaw Gomulka of Poland, Kim II Sung of North Korea, Ho Chi Minh of North Vietnam, Maurice Thorez of France and Palmiro Togliatti ‘of Italy.

Here, comments the Milwaukee Journal, are the guys to watch out for. And the committee surely de- serves a vote of appreciation for revealing them. A vote, that is, by people who don’t read newspapers, don’t have access to radio or tele- vision and never heard of Commun-’ ists. The rest might wonder Why the committee is‘ wasting public money on this sort of . information -2-information about as valuable and startling as “revelation” that the sun rises in the east and hens lay eggs.

,EDlTORIAL NOTES

United States Republicans must be approaching the Congressional elec- tions with trepidation. In a special election in Minnesota recently, to fill the House seat of the late incumbent, the Republican candidate just made it. His majority was less than 700 in a district which has not gone Demo- cratic since 1890 and which even ii. the F. D. Roosevelt era usually piled up 2 to 1 Republican majorities. At the moment it looks like a Democratic

landslide in November.

He is never likely to be invited *to: attend a “summit meeting” of heads

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MAC MISSILE

QAS E

.:

w COLD WAR ICE SCULPTURE

q The North A’r|cin’ric Mcirkei

- By Patrick Nichofipn Special Correspondent for ’

London, England. Is» Canada heading towards a bipartisan

trade policy? Are both Prime Mi-*.

nister John Diefenbaker and 0p- position Leader Lester Pearson striving towards the same end?

There; is great optimism here in Britain that this country and western Europe are together heading towards the material prosperity of a mass- production market, such as the U.S.A. en- joys. And there is a strong hope here that Canada will become at least a partial member of this North Atlantic common market. The golden economic future lay- ing ahead of Canada is clearly envisaged here; and in Canada’s interest, Britain hopes that our economic future will be linked more closely wth that of the British-European group — with

~ which our economy is comple-

mentary — rather than with that of the U.S.A. — with which our economy is competitive.

._.. Mr. Diefenbaker and ,. Mr.

Pearson, representing our two major- political ‘parties, both ad- vocate that a certain trade pol- icy would be best for Canada, then that policy is likely to be fostered unanimously and consis- tently through theyears, and not" be subject to changes whenever there is a change of government or ‘a pressing lobby exerted by

_ one segment or another of our

national economy. ATLANTIC TRADE .

A significant comment on the personal‘ beliefs of Prime Minis- ter Diefenbaker and of former Foreign Ministef Pearson is seen in their respective attitudes in

‘support of NATO.

Three years ago, when he was an Opposition M.P., Mr. Diefen- baker subscribed his name in support" of “The Declaration of Atlantic Unity.” This declaration urged ‘,‘ comprehensive mutual program for lowering tariffs, free- ing currencies, - and eliminating trade restrictions between all the NATO allies."

Last December Mr. Pearson, when he likewise was an Oppos- ition M.P., similarly supported a statement urging the same steps between all the NATO allies and other friendly states..

Mr. Dieferibz-).ker’s trade policy is well known. It is to foster max-

e ’ Guardian

time to attempt to encourage imports from Britain, from the Commonwealth and from Western Europe, to replace half the ex- cess balance by which our pur- chases from U.S.A. exceed our sales to that country.

Canada spends‘ v ' on American goods approximately 1,300,000,- 000 per year more than Ameri- can-s spend on Canadian goods. If half that surplus, could be bought instead from the Common- wealth and other friendly states in the sterling area, it would put that volume of dollars, in the hands of those dollar-hungry coun- tries, and enable them automati- cally to buy’that' much more from us.

-In other words, the Diefenbak- er pnoposal, sometimes called the 15 per cent switch. would have the effect of boosting our total exports by that amount; thus help ing our wheat farmers and other exporting agriculturalists -and al-

PEARSON’S SAME IDEAS

Mr. Pearson set out his trade policy in a speech before the Van- couver Board -.of Trade in Janu- ary. That was one of the most statesmanlike and far -' sighted‘ speeches he has made in Canada; it was full of realistic thinking and :sound proposals. which de- serve fiull acceptance in the greatest number of Canadians.

His first proposal was the gra- dual but selective establishment

“similar to the contemplated Eur- opean free trade area.”

He criticised the growing econ- omic nationalism in the U.S.A., “which will produce results that could be bad for us.” He endors- ed the U.K. offer of free trade with Canada. The beneficial re- sults to us, declared Mr. Pear- son, would include a much great- er exbort market, lower produc- tion costs for many Canadian in- dustries, and lower living costs for Canadian onsumers. .

This sounds as if it could have been Mr. Diefenbaker speaking, so similar is the thinking of those two leaders on the broad trading principles. _

This very similarity offers us the hope that we will escape from the fate of being ground to pulp between the trade millstones of the huge U.S. market and the

imum exports, and at the same

now in its infancy.

Pacific Island Sogci.

National Geographic Society

If size deter-mined history, little

Kusaie in the southwest Pacific‘

would have a short and simple biography.

Actually, this easternmost isle of the scattered Caroline group offers a cross section of Pacific melodrama. It has lived under the flags of four foreign powers, and has seen a series of devasta- ting events ranging from buccan— eer revels to war bombing.

Through Kusaie’s story runs al- so a persistent religious refrain, the result of a century of Ameri- can missionary work in the area.

Latest news of the island tells of a young woman who had spent her girlhood there as the daugh- ter of a Congregational mission- ary. Before she left she promis- ed the native king that she would some day return to carry on the work. This she is now doing, with her /husband, who is also a mis- sionary. While away, she helped the American Bible Society trans- late the New Testament into the Kusa‘e Language WITH VARIATIONS

Kusaie stretches 10 miles at most, and covers an area of abo 42 square miles. \

Seen from an approaching ship the rugged Volcanic island rises from the blue Pacific in tropi- cal loveliness. With its green‘ for- ested hills and white beaches framed by coconut palms and dark mangroves. it is a typical scene of South Sea romantic fic- tion.

More tragedy than romance, however, entered the-‘ lives of Ku- sale’: peaceful Micronesian inha-

bitants during the roistering days of 19th-century whaling.

The island was the haunt of Yankee and European Whalers, and, at one time, of the notor- ious buccaneer “Bully Hayes” and his wild crew. Alternately fighting and car~ousing,vthe visi- tors disillusioned the once friend- ly natives, and left a heritage of brutal memories, smallpox, and other ills.

Meantime, the people’s plight had attracted the attenfi‘-on of the Boston Missionary Society, which in 1852 set up stations at Kusaie and Ponape. But the missionar- ies had trouble with the whalers, too, and eventually became in- volved in the larger internation- al rivalries for the region. . RULERS OFTEN CHANGED

The struggle began in the 1870’s when German trade expanded in- to the Pacific. Spain,‘ which had long held nominal title to the Carolines, attempted to assert control. Germany occup‘ed Kusaie and other islands. Conflict was averted by submitting the dispute to the Pope, who decided (1887) in favor of Spanish sovereignty, but with free-trade allowances.

After the Spanish American War, Spain sold Germany its Mi- cronesian holdings, including the Carolines. Japan raised the third flag over Kusa.ie when it seiz- ed Germany’s far-flung Pacific possessions in World War I. Lat- er, the islands were mandated to Japan by the League of Nations.

The Carolines and Kusaie were used by Japan in World War II for air and naval bases in Paci-

so creating more jobs in plants. I

. himself.

of an Atlantic free trade area .

PUBLIC FORUM

This column is "open to the discus- sion bu wnespondents of question of

interest, The Guardian does not neces- sarily endorse the' opinion of corres- pondents. ‘

HATS OFF TO ‘PLOWMEN Sir, ——A.short while ago I had the misfortune of having my car deposited in a very large and‘ bottomless snowbank. After along time going over the matter, we came to the conclusion that the only machine that would persuade the automobile to let go of its wintery grip, would be the faith- ful road plow or some such large piece of equipment.

We drove to the home of the plowman who‘ at that time was enjoying a few hours off from his monster, with which he crawls hour after. hour over‘ road that must begin to look like a piece of neverending rope.

It just took us the time to tell him our troubles and he was on his way to get his plow ready for the’ road. He left that warm house -and friendship to battle {he raging efements without even thinking of the trouble to

In a short time we were on the road again and veryhappy with the hospitality received in the St‘. Peters and Souris district of the Island. .

Thanking you for the valuable space in your paper. '

I am, Sir, etc., PAUL JENKINS Charlottetown.

OUR YESTEIRDAYS

(From The Guardian Files) '

TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO (March 7, 1933)

Resolutions advocating the re- duction -of the number of repre- sentatives in the Provincial Leg- islature to sixteen, and request- ing the Provincial Govcrnmentto

closure of mortgages on farms till economic conditions right themselves, were adopted among others at the annual meeting of the Central Farmers’ Institute held at Prince of Wales College last evening. ‘ '

_The record time of one hour and five minutes was made by the Canadian Airways Plane in its 125 mile flight from the Mag- delene Islands to Charlottetown yesterday afternoon. The plane brought a patient from‘ the Mag- dalene Islands to the Charlotte- town Hospital for an emergency operation.

TEN YEARS AGO (March 7, 1948)

The Charlottetown Kinsmen, fighting back from the brink of elimination, Saturday night re- tained their Island Juvenile ‘wok- ey crown when they beat Sum- merside Juvenile Kinsmen 9-4 in an overtime battle that saw the local youngsters, entering the game with a three goal deficit, crash their way through to take the series 14-12.

Fire ‘which broke out Friday morning completely destroyed the new home of Mr. and Mrs. El- mer Matthews in 0’Leary. The fire department prevented the ad- j. cent buildings from catching fire including the old home which was not far distant from the new residence. The fire is believed to have been caused by an overheat- ed pipe.

fic operations. Kusaie was bomb- ed - and bypassed — during the Americans’ island - hopping campaign on the way to Tokyo. Finally, in 1947, the United States became the fourth power to control Kusaie, as part of a huge United Nations Trust Terri- tory that includes the Mariana, Marshall, and Caroline Islands-. Kusaics people today number about 2,000. They receive Ameri- can aid in education, health, and aeconomic development. Kusaie has a new intermediary school and is one of the few islands of Micronesia with lumber resources

I victim-— do not let him walk-to

‘extent of the washing until the doctor arrives.

possible; don't give him alcohol

Many Forms Of Poisoning

BBBV Herman N. Bundesen, M.. ALL poison cases are ngt caused by swallowing Igirifilé medicines or chemicals. L « ac . about half of the nations §.000 annual reported cases of P015011- ing are caused gy inhaling E3599- Then there are things like Snfake bites, skin and eye contamina- tion and chemical burns.

NEED PROMPT CARE

All can be extremely danger- ous and require prompt and adequate first-aid treatment. _ The American Medical Associa- tion’s Committee on Toxicology has approved the ofllow-mg pro- cedures: _ Inhaled Poisons: carry the fresh air immeditely. Open all doors and windows; loosen all tight clothing; apply artificial respiration if breathing has stop- per or is irregular; wrap him in a blanket to prevent chilling; keep him as quiet as possible; do not give him alcohol in any form. _ ' KEEP PATIENT QUIET _

If the patient is convulsing, keep him in bed in a semidark room and avoid any jarring or noise.

Skin Contamination: drench the skin with water, using a shower, hose or faucet. Apply a stream of water on the skin while re- moving clothing and cleanse the skin thoroughlywithwater. _ ‘ ‘Washing rapidly is very lm‘ povtant in reducing the extent of the injury. _ .

Eye Contamination: hold eye- lids open and wash eyes imme- diately with algentle stream of running water. Delay of even a few seconds greatly increases injury. Continue

Do not use chemicals to treat eye contamination since they may increase the extent of the injury. . '

Injected Poison, such as snake and scorpion bites: make the victim lie down as quickly as

in any form. Apply _: tourniquet between the bite and the heart and apply an ice pack to the site of the bit. Carry the patient don’t let him walk—«to a doctor

.The Age Old Story

’ Being confident of this very thing, that he which hath begun a good work in you will perform

This could not have happened ten years ago — a West German cloth-ing firm has begun procluc. ing men’s sui s with several rows of buttons, so that its width .can be adjusted at will during meals. ——Sub-Ouest, Bordeaux. '

Seventy- five whales died at Ormond Beach, Florida, when 1

er from which they could not escape. This would be a two-day tourist attraction. After that,

standard equipment for sightse. ers Fort William Times-Journ-’ al

That one-third of all doctors']].~ cen-sed in 1956 by the Ontario 0*‘.-

medical profession has not been operating a closed shop against these newcomers. It is true ex.

cause of different professional standards in countries from which these come, but better than half

the many doctors who have co "a Canada in the postwar period, ere would have been A shortage

ing popu1ation.—Windso,r Star. I, ‘

or hospital. LOOSEN TOURNIQUET - A

loosened for one minute every 15 minutes. vessels below the tourniquet should not disappear, nor should the tourniquet produce a throb- bing sensation. « .

Chemical Burns: wash all che- mical burrns —- except those caus- ed by phosphorus -- with large quantities of running water. Ian. mediately cover the area with loosely applied claan cloth. Don’t use ointments, greases or pow- ders in first-aid treatment of burns. '

You can treat shock by keep.

and reassuring him until a phy- sician arrives. Q"ES'I‘ION AND ANSWER, . U. G.: My sister had‘: cut on her face. It healed with a ‘very’ large, red scar. Will the scar ‘recur if she has it cut out? Answer: Certain‘ persons have a tendency to form lage scars of keloids following- injury Ucu. any they do have a tendency to recur. However, X - ray ‘treat. ment during the healing stage‘

it until the day of Jesus Christ.

gale drove them into shallow wa(t- ~' .

clothes-pegs for noses would be c

lege of Physicians andsurgeona , were immigrants proves that the 7

are passing them. Were it not for .

here to keep up with the increu- -

The tourniquet should bepg,

The pulse in the 5

ing the patient" flat and warm‘

aminations are fairly rigid, be.‘ 5 I

can prevent this to some degree.

take measures to prevent fore- ‘

cities and the

unites them-

reward . . .”

u

as well as the usual copra and farm products. »

In every walk of life, in any ~.‘ community you’ll find them. They come fromthe farms, from the factories, from the clamouring

lages. They are teachers, truck- drivers, salesmen, stenogra-’ phers, business men, bakers, housewives and handymen.

All shades of opinion, all creeds they represent. Yet one philosophy

“To give and not to count’ the cos, To labour and not to seek for any

For these are the volunteer workers of the Red Cross, who ask no acclaim: demand no recognition. And some- where, in some corner of the world, human suffering is eased, hope 18 re-born through their selfless efl’ori'.s.. Theirs is the noblest cause of all-—i:h0 cause of mercy. Won’t you help, too?

C support the

oz Prince Street, Charlottetown

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murmuring vil-

Dial 8551

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