759 Guardian , I

"cover: Prlllct Edi"! Ilillll LII! III De!" fulilistiod every week tiny nuruin; ll 16.: Priucs Slrnfi Tliairlotlalnwn. F E. 1... by ')i-. Thomson Company in

44 King St W.. Tnruuln Alonuui Office. 22.: tiiiwi'aiLi Tuwei Bldg. w Ellilnr. l-trunk Wllktl tirm-rat Manai.-cl Ian A liuriivn Ifrmtu-i i'.ui.niiai-liuiiy in-ulxupel Publislii-n Aumzuuu Mr-mbi-i of WI! Canadian Pu-r ' Member Atiilii Him-.iu nl t”iirui;ii.uiiis dram-it ntlirrs at siinimrrude. Montague .mrt tlb--tum Auuiunzui as Schllltl rhiss ll.-iii in 'he Foal uliicc Ucimriiiicnt. muwa

l.v carrm i'narluiiviuiu- suiiiiiiu-sills xix-Kt on An

Iurri sin-wm-u tn i-i-;i snnu num rmvmm Ill Li S 51:00 pcr annuni

"The strongest memory is weaker than the weakest ink."

T" sATi7Ri)av.".'iiAv 19. 1956

Battle OI The Atlantic Tliroiiglioiit this Dominion to- morrow. tlie Rll)III t'iinadiaii Navy uill coniincr.io;':iti- the Battle of thc Atlantic in uhicli it plziyctl si vital role in kecpiii: viii-iny action from

our g.'I10t'tN diiriir: the Second World War. At one si.i:;c. in the suinnicr iii mtg. tlw h.itilc rt-arlierl such fierce iiiviiiwtiozis that in one nionth giqnp. .s;'ti.vititi tons of mercliaut shippmg ll.-ix -tlllk by enemy iv" limits. Sui: c of the sinkings occur- rt-rl Ill." 't;i 'lic estiiary of the St I..'IItItlIlt'tl.

The 'it'lPi.iilllllllll of the uni iiimlp I .i" vlris ll-'lV) zilinost exrlits itch to zicti--atbinariiie force. As :1 i-e-ult. tf.i:i.irh;in uarships were ric-

piflkPfI t"i'Pri'-.VIlt'llP. They served in

guarding shipping

miil-or-I-:iti tiiitt.

tr from lunil. 'l”tu-v were on coast:i' .stl,Vlltl. lit the St. Lawrence and in the l'ElliI3I1t'.'lll.i 'llhc.v went to Nortli

Russia anti to the .ilediterranean.

A :trilv.'ig cviinple of jhe work of the t':in:irli;iii Navy in escort scr- xire is found ill the record of the safe passage, tinricr ('anadiaii escort. of Convoy llXS- fifth. which was corn- pnscd of 167 merchant ships carry- ing more than :1 million tons of cargo vital In the war effort. tlrii::iii- sting at, New York on July 17, 19-121 with ttift ships. the convoy was brought In full utrciigili with 751 ships from H.alifa.x. 3-1 from Sxrliiey and three from St. .lohn's. Not one was lost during the 17-day passage. yet the escort consisted only of one frigate and six corvcttes. While un- der way. the convoy covered an area of 30 square miles with the mer- chantmen sailing-in lit columns.

By the middle of lfl4:”i. more than 'Itlf).00ti Canadian men and wonicn had served ill the Navy. and the warship strength had risen from six to 378. Most of the 1.707 killed and 7-19 woiiitrlcd rIlll'IIlE World War ll um-p victim. iii the Hattie of thr AI- lantir

it is fitting that the acliimcincnt of the men who served on that tw- casinh should he rliily i-ommeiiior;it- ed. and that we, who live so close to the Atlantic. should remember in a very special uay their daring and flwil” sa(Tifl('es.

Ambassador George

Senator Walter F. George. Demo- crat. of Georgia. one of the truly outstanding statesnien of the ljnited States. has rclinqiiisherl his post after filling it with honour and credit for .',lrl years. lie is 78.

Mr. George became prominent tn American public affairs immediately following his first election. and there has not been a single import.- ant development since then in which he has not exercised great influence. He saw the United States emerge from deep isolation with respect to international affairs, which desceiirl- ed upon the country on the coin- plction of World War One. to a timirl and faltering participatioii in world issues, and later. to an all-out rc- cognition of its internzitional respon- sibilities. lti fact, Mr. George him- self started out as all isolationist but soon discarded that dull role for the bigger a n cl brighter and more statcsmanlike one. During the years of the Eisenhower administration he has been the shipgat its best; so much so. that in several instances his support saved the President's foreign policy from being defeated by dissidents within the Republican Party.

As an indication of the great re- spect in which he holds the retiring Senator. President Eisenhower in- vited him to become his personal representative and official ambassa- dor of the administration to the - North Atlantic Treaty Organization;

and Mr. George has accepted the

symbol of bipartisaii- .

invitation. This is not a light as- i

nlgnment for a msii of his advanced age; there is no doubt that he .will I out his new responsibili-

ties with this same esiriiestm.-ss of '

purpose that chuacterized his long Qsutrrm carter.

-an

tlifsls afosncerntocsnl-t lisdintberatiring I Russians inevsrypliau of arm- . s Uiiludstawiquiator unentiuiicing.

who understood better than most or his colleagues American-Canadian

problems in matters of trade and '

tariffs. and who has been a staunch advocate of Commonwealth-Amerb can unity for purposes of common defence and security. We have lost a powerful friend in the United States Senate and gained one in N.-i'l"() councils.

Fear, Bond Oi Unity

It is clear that External Affairs Minister Pearson is not ovcr-opiim- isiic auoul the future of the Norm Atlantic Treaty Organization. In fact. to judge by his recent testi- mull)" before a Commons Commit- tee. one might fll”dlV the conclusion Iiltl only sonic new non-military fui'iiiul:i. as yet, undiscovered, will crczitc an incentive for the organiz- ation's ctmliiillcd existence. As one of thc ”IIll”ttP wise men" charged with the t'ttslt4)llSlI)iiily of searching Iil7Il lorniulii, Zilr. Pearson is ;iw..;w of the many difficulties in the it I). of the suggested approach; .i mi. tiililfx enough. one of these dif- --s i--iiicci'i1s a hope that the .v ti...-' been nurturing ever since o- Vii u:is' established: the hope - ,' v'-in .stwieI Union would ivrlitcn

.. '.l'.t'II toi'i:cs in E'dSlt"l'll I-Zuropc. Ion; as the Smict l'nion wit no such intention. NATO witiiiviriws felt it necessary to build llgi thctr ioiiit forces and keep them ..i:iii:i;, Xoiv that the Soviet lczulcis 'i:.iw iliu-liii-crl their intention of ("ill- military strength In as

for

sit

.-.ii-.

tiir: their

lllIlt'Il as It million men. some of the NXTH iiutioiis are considcriii; Ir- iiui-tions of their own. Tliis. of

course. will weaken NATO. and that perhaps is the reason behind the lat- cst Soviet gesture. Anrl. as Mr. Pearson pointed out. it would he miich easier for the Russians to re- call large armies into service after a brief period of demobilization than NATO command In re- a force. the divisions of scattered all over

for the assemble which had been the Atlantic area.

Mr. Pearson says that something will liavc to be found to take the place of fear which hitherto has been the bond of unity in NATO. it is easier said than done. since the only real antidote to fear is ii nin- tual faith; and unfortunatclv notIi- in: that the Soviet Union has done or promised is good enough to war- rant the drastic change from fear to faith. There is hardly any mirlrlle zrotturl between the two. L'su:-illy. it ttiust be one or the other. Beating sworrls into plowshares is. rlniilitless. an excellent idea; but there is trem- vnrlous risk in it.

EDITORIAL NOTES tfnnsuses have been on the E40 5 long time. The first rccortlcrl one. -,m-nrrling tn the National (.360- graphic Society. took place in Baby-

lon in 3800 B.t7. It was the dual purpose of taxation appraisal and military crtnscriptihtt.

Iil't3.SI('iFlll i5i5(2tlIl0Wt"l”. It a t i It '4 been subjected to a strict examin- atiiin ”from head to toe". has been declared in good physical condition bx his panel of doctors. But that keep his Democratic HPPUW ents from preaching VitZ0I'0llSI.V about the risksiiivolvcd in Ill" ill”-' ”p'art-time President".

won't

lion of a 0 . .

Tilietaiis Ere said to he in re- vnlt against their Chinese Commun- i,:t iiiasteits. Little good that will do them. It might. however. art as 51 warning to ot.her small Asiatic states who are toying with the idea of giv- ing tip their freedom for promises of economic aid from Peiping and kilns-

tltTH'.

I I I 0 While strikes and threats of strikes are a constant source of

worry to Western governments. the Soviet press is said to be of the opinion that a good dispute between labour and management might be beneficial to the country's economy. This is certainly a new look with a vengeance. All along, the faintest sign of dissatisfaction was consider-

ed "reactionary". O

I O

ltnitcd St.at.es' Secretary of Itc- fcnse is. doubtless. a man of many parts. There are times. however. when his logic is hard to follow. The other day at ii news conference he stated that the United States is in no-danger of being overtaken by the 'Soviet U nlon in military strength. Almost in the same breath

. he declared that his department has

no intention of trying to match the

i ltakr-5 about the

OUR YESTERDAY) I

From The fiuardian l-tiles Til'EN1'Y-FIVE YEARS AGO

(Ma) Ill. 1931) fitttnltlz the graduates in clot tric- al vnsnwcrlng at the l!l'EI(iIhlIltiIl

cxcu-iscs at the Nova Scotia tech- viii-at (Totlcge. Friday, was Mr. I-' ll. tlliandler of ftltarloltetouii.

'l'Iu' appnintiiicul of t'apt:iiii ll hctiiit-dy. M.l). (S M.. Albert- as medical doctor for return- ed soldiers. has been aiiiioiiiiccd from Ottawa. Dr. Kennedy who 0".ittt's a large pram-Iii-c in O'i.cary, -tlbcrtnn and viciiiily. is to be con- gratulalcd nn his appointmc-iit..

II on.

'ilziiiy spuds are still being sitin- pwl through ensterii Island ports. This product seems in be iiiexliau- -:i-.hlc Prcsciit prim: are very wialt i- uh ,-I triirtciit-v In gn tutu-in

'l'P2.N' Yb.-'tlL's AGO Iii-iv 19. I946)

Mr .I W.'it-.nn lliicfvauglit 'it. P. for Prince. in his appeal for an nlfcr of greater cndurenicnt lnr tiaiiarliuii sliirlcnts In t:v'(c up yeti-riiirirv scicni-c. rec:-illed that in PEI llicrc is but one trier- In:irv for everv Iflflllflfl ant-iiais. He said Prcmirr Jones cst-iiizilcd their are i-arccis for at least ten In the llrtiviiice.

ilrs Iirli-in .lnliii:.tniic and her i .'ilt' i tiltoral fflith are hr " ftfT”'llJllllI.llPI upon tlicir splendid pcrforiiinnce at the New Glasgow Music l"cslivaI 'l'lic group obtain- ed a iii:irk of on. the hitzhcsl given at the lfklltili

-e --4 Jr.

ooino PLACES

I Aiblihpse In Retrospect

By David 3lflFiktlIII.lP. I-'l:loii

Tic riiiuy those colunins Ill thi- iirc-.s i-nilt.'oi'ililii;' events, iiiurr tn lr-- remote. in the lifetime of a ftllilllltlllily. Their appeal. II -int '4tl intimately personal. is siiiuliir to that of an informal diary. iiilttt-l' juices of random Jottings it is cutl- Icsslv pleasant to thunih IIlI”tIIl).'iI on a rainy day.

Instance. one suspects. Irmls cl! rtiaiitincnt, in time as ilt'II .i-. space. and bygone years inmit RIIIV share the illusion nf far off lull; that are forever P.l't"Clllllf tic that as it may. the least ziclrlition nf knowledge to what is ali-cady Ircasui'cd, of a past that is essent- ially onc's own. often affnrzis heart- warming conteniplatioii, .1 uclcuinp experience in this thcrmoniiclcnr agr

Kiuli at glllltpst Ill l'flI'lil-l1f(I ur find among tlir fcw page. of 2 hanrl-ruled and meticiilouuly in scribed. pocket 1-ized account book of ii farmer-mcrrliaiit. a suit of one who helped pioneer Prince Edward island. It is a lucid. concise. coin- pletely objective journal of con- tcmporary commerce. during the Icn mniitli period t"0n1ll1Qn('lnf! July 8th. lfillfl.

It reminds us of 1: way of life. whose. charm lies in its cnnti'ast- trig lack of complications. Sumt- sixty individuals appear on thcsc well weathered pages. and just seven Highland surnames desig- nate almost tun-thirds of them: names that. a century and n quar- ter later. continue to be well re- garded in association. more often than not. uith the same lush acres

Macbeth Wasn't” So Bad

The Ediiihurgh Scotsman

pirl Iirc

'l'Iw imimliii the false usiirper.

WIIVIWIII as

nl King ;

--ii... hour! (if st-titiaiid”. is a falsr I

one. llis siiccc-ssinn fnllftwcd I ”i-nvnl pattrrrii" of thnse times. The miscoiircptirins about him 0"” yidp min of those roiiininri errors in Scottish Iii-story

A iliftm-mil tieu of lilarlielli and his reign i-. pi-ovirlrrl hv mod- ern ltislnriral rcscarcli. as sitin- newly published

martvcd iii a g p hnnkici "mm for the Historical Ass iatiun by Dr Gorrlon Don-.

aldsnit. . at Erliiiliiirgli Litivvrr-'tI.V

Tim, imnktct also f'Ail'l'C('I!1 lllIH- "illi-;:al" annexa- tiun by Scotland of the OrklicY and Shctlaiid lslaiitls.

The popular cttiiceptirin bcth rests l:irt-'"I.V "P9" spcarc's nnrtraxal. But the Icnulli of his reign H040-1057' anti Mia" Vl'p know of It appears to intllcatft that be via: an accepted km: and that hp mind with ct-iripetcnce. i'ccni'tIcrl royal

of Mac

Our r-arlicst ;;i-,-int or I:-mds In tlic rltiirch per- l;llYlS In his I'Pl."ll III we arr '0 trust the iuitit.-w iii the "Roots- triim l'rioriiIu.- Snncti Anzlrt-e”.l

lie is said to have visited Rome about i050 and this. if true. would sitgizcsl th:it he cvoci-tctl iin troub- Ic in Si-otlniirl during his zihsenccz and hf ii,-is ;it)p.'i1'PlllIy buried in Inna. tlir i-r-stiiig-plsicr nf kings and tint nf ii-.-iii'pcrs

CLAIM ON Tllll(lNl'i

Mll('I1('lI'l. ulin was probably Malcolm ll's nephew. may well have coiistrlcrcd his claim to the throne to be as good as. and pro- bably Iicltcr than. that of Duncan

Rciidcr In Scottish llistnry . I fIu'JIlgCfI Ill

PLEDGED 0llKNlu'i'

(thristian I. king of the three continental Scandinavian countries promised a dowry of 60.000 flnrins on the marriage of his rtaiigliter Margaret to King James ill of Scotland.

He then. it used to he said. plcrt gerl Orkney for lliirins in cash in 1468. and next year. being able to pay only 2.000 florins in cash. pledged Shetland for the re- maining 48.000, stipulating in both c:isi-s that the lziws amt ciisloms of the islands should remain un-

"mcantimc" referring to the tem-

I porsry period before the pledge

Shakc- l

1 Duncan I siiccccilcd his grand- ;

"Noiv law"

father by virtue nf Fl I the heir

of direct siircessinn h) of line

But. under the old svstcni nf collateral siicccssion. Macbeth had ii double claim through his mother tprobably El daughter of Kenneth lit and throiigli his wife. Gruncli (who iuipez-rs In have been a granddaughter of Kenneth lll.I

Moreover. the killing of Diinciiii I. probably llf'lIl' Elsin. by Mac

should be iedeemed and the is- lands returned.

it. has further been said that the annexation of the islands three years later by the. Scots Parlia- ment to the Scottish crown was consequently an illegal action.

King Christian never pledged either Orkney as a whole or shot- land as 8 whole. in each case it was only the royal estates and the sovereignty of the isinds that King Christian pledged for it was only them that he owned.

Then. when in 1470 King James and Earl William Sinclair nf Ork- ney exchanged the earI's lands in the islands for estates at Raven- snaig in Fife. King James aut- omatically became the rightful Earl of Orkney--an hcreditmy pn- silioii, of course-so that cvcn if the pledge had been redeemed and the sovereignty restored to the Scandinavian king. the posit- ion of earl. which in practice, was far more powerful within the is- lands than that of king would have been held in perpetuity by the Kings of Scots.

The action of the Scots Parlia-

l ment In 1472 in annexing forever

both. his successor to the throne. I

merely followed ii well-known pat- tern in Scotland in which the rut- lng king was overthrown by his successor of the alternate line. Of the immediately preceding kings. fionstantiitc 1995-997! suc- ceeded through the killing of Ken- neth it 1971-995i. and was killed by his successor. Kenneth Ill t9fl7-l00.'il; and Kenneth ill by Malcolm if H005-10345. Duncan 1's grandfather. And the pattern was Again followed when Malcolm lll succeeded through the killing

of Macbeth and of Llli!l('ll. son of 7

Grunt-It

The rrfrrrttrr in "Tinermii'li" to 1; battle fought near Dunkeld to 1045 may account lor the tradit- tonal story of Birnun Wood and

Dulisinnallo.

Macbeth was finally over-thrown and slsiii by Malcolm ill in 1057. last Liunntuuu ls .

the earldom of Orkney and Lord- ship of Shetland to the Scottish king and legitimate members of his family was thus perfectly legal for It dealt only with property law- fully acguircd by the king by the. ordinary process of excambion or sxcliaivze.

The Age Old

As the thief is ashamed when lie is found. so is the house of Intel Isliumed: they. their kings, their prliicds. slid tlielr priests. Ind lliclr prophets. saying in ii stock. Thou art my father and to I stone. Thou lint. brought me forth: for they have turned their back onto me. and not their face: but. in the time of their trouble they will say. Arise. and save us.

ONE LONG DRIVE? OXFORD. Fmalnnd tl-teutcm .- An Oxford university student is in

set off from lnndon June I in an ,

attempt to drive u 01! ball from tlieMnrbleArchlnTnndont.a0x- ford. H sy Crum-Evin; was but :3 t ) fallow-our

thc nieantimtn-t h e 3

'III' tlv . 'l'l4” . oiigiiially cleared. ' t F bcople. shopping must,

v .-u or-i-asioii of cunsid. iiiiini't.'iiicc.

t' . .ItI(

It .i. tutti-ii as six times. a year. Ihii when they (lid gcl"ari)und to II itim iuiil-li.'i.scd in quantity: gul- lw"-. "V-Icnrl oi pints. barrels i.iiIir-i III.'tll iirtzn-packages, Could Iltct but u tlllfkss our rlaillv foragmgj iIlP'i' uoiiltl iiiust certainly bplieve

Ils ”'.-it Iicil "

-tiiiuiitz-I .-ill the i'ccui'rlctl tran- s."t Illill . uiilt ..ix were on a cash liasis. anti tlirec notes of hand were '1litltl The rcmzumler were

rffcctcrl Irv means of such har-

tcr as criitii. flour. fish or lumber. -

The shcrp must have been well flctrrrl lll ltliitl: for. on July llth almir. I-Ht" I 'IcitrI traded three spin- nm;:-hi l' .ii tweiitv-two shill- apirce for one he received

inr-

wheat tfmir l1It,'l1PISi. for another. - bushels) and for . -3 barrel of her--

I foiiriccn fish

hill? arolhcr l'lf'l,El. Available commodities were of iiierigrc I'.'lllL'C. as wanting in re- tincmciit. as in xari rribcd as "carillon." cost a bit nver :i '-Illiiillil. A pen-knife went for r'lL'Iil('Pn pence. Ten was five SilIIIllliI't and tobacco. one and six a pound Molasses. the only sweet- ener oftcrerl. sold at. n shilling: and :.tx-pence ncr ::aIIoii ril-: were irziiirctivclv four and five. sliilliiigs--for .1 gallon. tlial. is to my. Will('Il ltappens to he the smal- Irxt qiiniitity iintr-ti. Split shingles brought six shillings at thousand niut piiw bnni'rIs. lll :iII probabil- itv Imiirl-saun. fivr shillitvzs a bun- rti-rvrt trct lilut it um. i; quiet, ltd- Ilv cniidtii-ted hustiiess. whose re- cord reveals only one overdue. arcniiiit. in thi-. instance. the de- bit balance-a matter of four shill- vnzs iWOliFllL'P- was made up by

llic rnercliaut himself. whose mar- -

gtnal notation shows ttThis rim't EVIVOII in bnrniisc he. would not pay it without being sued"

Our arliriirntinn for the hardy pi- nnerr is augmented by the entries in this little Iinuk. His life and work. In all their '-uriplicity. were ade- !1It'rlIl" ;ti-t-nrtliiig tn his lights.

which is 8 tuippy state of affairs 5

at any time. The olden days. it scents. niny yet evoke in deep. nos- talgic sigh

it took place . ixi-iiiiuiitlv as twice. and rare-

.V'. Disiics. de- ,.

fliiiii aitri spi- .

i Medically Speaking

I: II N. Illlldelen. M. n. PLANNING LOW SALT nun-

'Low aslt diets usually mean I might! confusing time for you patients who have to abide by zignli;-mtt':lheve: worse for the

0 I. the meals. u 0 Prepare

As a rule. the doctor will tell a Dgtlent with a heart or kidney disease that "lie must not eat.

H11! t-h1l1EI- He will probably live him a printed list of low sodium foods and the patient soon discovers for himself what foods can and cannot be eaten.

That means an endless search of the lupermarkets or the corner EPOCETY examining each label in an effort tmdetermlne the salt. content.

ENDLESS SEARCH

Ftlrtultiilely. the National Re- search Council has prepared an accurat. sodium count of various foods you are likely to use in your daily menus. Your doctor

can use.

Lmv sodium fonds include. (”liic- ken. light meat. fresh milk. miiplc syrup. rice. corn. shredded wheat and puffed rice.

Foods with moderate sodium content include: Enriched White bread. mayonnaise. canned green beans. canned vegetable soup. potato chips. flavored gelatin. rice flakes and corn flakes i giilgil sodium foods uii-little

VVIPCI CVISD bacon. grceii olives. rye ('ra('ker:.. bologna saiisigc. tranklurters. margarine. flakes and bran flakes.

As a group clieeses would be l sudi-ini 1

classified in the high I category. although types ' cheese vary in sodium content. For instance-Pmccsscd clicesc-. L500 mgr. clicdtlar. 700 mg; izruyere. 540 mg.: cottage. 290 mg. and cream. 110 mg. Most beverages are fairly low in sodium. Sudiiini f'tlllIl'llI per 100 cubic ceiitimelcrs for the fol- lowing ist S.-iuteiwir uiitr. HI tug: ibeer. 8 ing. i-uni been. It in:.. . ginger ale. 3 mg.; hr.1iirI.x. fl mg: cola beverages. 2 ms, gin. 07 mg. and blended wliisltcv. 0.7 mg. ' QUESTION AND .-TNSWI-ill Miss M.B.: What is the caiise i of my profuse perspiration on i drinking a warm drink” Answer: The takiii: of -any warm beverage may caiise a per- son to pcrspirr. due in the effect ' of the warm drink on the nervous mechanism.

of

E ?oe3dGmez

Eince l have seen a bird one day. His head peeked more than half

eye.

Ready to fight Igalflmaflfi dit-

Often since then their private lives

Have spoilt that jny their music gives.

(in. v-'lir:it i see this "thin now

Lli(P I red apple on the bnuglv.

And question why he sings so strong.

For love. or for the love of snug.

Whose silver tongue is never lllii

Ah. now there comes this thought iinkinrl

Born of tbs knowledge in my mind:

He sings in triunipli that last night

We killed his father in I light;

And now he'll take his mother's

blood- Tlie last strong rival for his food. ---W.H. Davies.

Tlhat Black Rascal

my 1... Abbott in the Milwaukee Journal

Atiiriunii: No l hradliiie bird is the crow 'l'lii.v- old black rascal is always in the news. Just. recent-

ly a writer advised hunters not to I

put away their guns for the Sum- mer until they'd had a final bit of sport with the crow. "that. bird who. by any test of coiirage. agil-

itv or crafliiiess. is as game. as anvtlung in fciitlicrii" Despite his bad reputation. in

faintly relations the crow Ls re- spectability itself. He. remains- with no philandcringewith the sainc niatc throughout the breed- uig season mav even stay true to her for I0 years or more

llc helps in "PSI building and after his mate has laid five or six eggs fhluisli green hlotchcrl with brown or grey! he takes his turn

days required for hatching. Follow- ing this he and his mate are stead- ily on the job for several weeks. gathering prodigious quantities of food for their hungry fledglings. The crnw is not only a good fam-

ily man--he's alsn a good citizen I

amnitiz fellow crows If one of his pals is itijurcri he and his fellows gntlicr around to help. They may even try to lift the victim.

iiig he may be appointed-or take it upon himself-tn act as a sen- tinel and is quick to sound a warn-

I in: call of danger. SENSE OF HUMOR

The crow has a good sense of I

humor. One pet crow enjoyed walk- ing along a clofhcsline and watch- ing the washing fall as he picked off the rlothcspins. Another would sneak up on Ii dozing rabbit and wake him with a sharp rap on the

who loved in retrieve a thrown slick. would get the stick when the dog was asleep. give him a dig with it and then. with the stick in his mouth. fly off with the dog in pursuit.

Still iiiinllier found fun In slit- tng above a sidewalk and drop- tvtnr: down to neck every bald headed man who passed One that I owned liked to swoop from be-

hind me while I was eating out-

sfdeuiddeftlypfeknnornlfron

wrnTimcraw' is ulnay mail. am

Int. As 5 it I lpnt hours II-

in sitting upon them during the 18 I

The crow also takes part in cl- T vic affairs. When a flock is feed- .

skull. Yet another. 8 psi of a dog I

ing to get. a sltot at him and his kind who had the habit of picking holes in our watcrmeloiis. but I rarely got a chance. to kill one. While walking down ii lane with a fishpole in my hand. or when : plowing with a team. I could get.

vicar crows. but with a gun in my

hand it was another matter. One

hears of foolish young crows. but

a crow is young and foolish only . until someone shoots at him once i and misses.

Since he's such an engaging lol-

I low in ways. why is the crow dis- liked by so many people”

For one thing he is called a rob- ber. Eggs of other birds. fledgl- ings in the nest. young rabbits,

T from sprouting in fields or ripen. mg on the stalk- all are accept- able to him.

Because of his food habits far-

mers. bird lovers. hunters and . conservationists are out after his iscalp. State governments put a t price. on his head. I Recently the entire. rrnw tribe was arraigned before the United btates biological survey. Members of this court. impressed by the accusations against the crow with respect to his diet. set out to find the will facts of the matter.

They sent. out hunters who call. 1-cled isome 5.000 crows of all ages. killed at different seasons and In all parts of the country. Exam lnalioii of the stomach A t of these black pirates showed them to be just that. They do an corn. game birds. eggs. rabbits "3 many other useful creatures.

But their stomachs were .1” often full of "June bugs." wlilui grubs and ulHElhaPpCrl. The sin. mlchs of nestling crows proved "'89 "WU live almost entirely on caterpillars.

TBBII 1'0 HANG MONTREAL (CF)-Three eon. VICWI mII1'd0I'I. two of whom have llllieals flied. In scheduled to be lunged ban this year. Oliver no... titer of Quebec City. convicted at the axe slaying of . Que." my rim-chant is to be executed June 15 Edmund Gene of Bagotvtlls. Que . is his he July is

the

audit nmmmmd"mm' .. (W.

hcdlllllo . "

can, best tell you how much salt you .

wheat ;

away: That. hopped about. with but nnc '

Or sings. maybe. for that sweet. : rill

Page 4. The Guardian

NOTES BY THE WAY

Life must be rather dull for the person who believes that every thinking citizen must agree with him.-Hamilton Spectator

..It. is surprising to learn that the world's consumers of whale oil are the Dutch, whose average yearly eunsumption is nearly seven lbs. per person. They are follow- ed by the Danes. with an average of six lbs.. the Portuguese and the French. These figures. bow- evcr. do not represent whale oil eatetras oil but used in the manu- facture of margarine. soap. cos- metics and other products.-Niir gara Falls Review

The Petrrlinroutzh uiuii planted tulip Iiiilbs last Fall and proiidly w;itclie(t the green shoots rising from the earth this week only to discover that they were onions has more reason for grat- ification than some other tulip planters in town. In 3DllIC districts ' sqitirri-ls seem to have been as liunizry as the w.'ii'-starved f)iit(-Ii in HIM antl lit-I5. iiliu iatlisislcd on I bulbs. Aiiyuziy. sqii't'ri-ls have up

rootezl anti llliitit? uff itllil iitriiiy inf the prized tulip li:illi'-'. 5U'1lt. ; liumc gardeners sci out last fall. i -Peterlmrough Exaniii-cr I I

It is a (-uiifiisiiig :i;.'c for every- Ilflti). lll('IlltIlllL', birds and dogs. i lIlL'Ill iIt'l'l' in (iaI'.'i-i'y there is a I ("sit tiIll('Il is ii iinriiilil Cal in app- i r.'iraiicc 'tln-I cats are the natiiral cnciiiiw. of birds and will stalk limit ielriitlcssb Tlui. rat is diff- ercnt it is terrified of birds. Every time it runs out amt sees a bird. it runs for rover. Why it does. no- ! body knows. Then there is a local 5 dog that the owners tried to house break When it was lllluJ,illy inside it was adntoiiislied and put out. Mm the dog lhiiiks it follows log- ically. thin in get out you must be fl.'lllL:ill)'. So it Ls happily naughty in the lioiise, thinking that this way It uilt Set out In play--tfzilgary llcrald

1hr tut-It '-IIl'l'!.V shtp has rrturn- mi from the South Pole. and Aiudg. mg by the appr-araiice of its nt- ficers one cnniinodity in plentiful supplv down (here these days is bearrls. From the captain of the vesscl on down most of the men aboard the SS Grenville Victory were adorned with facial trim. "11Itl2S- Why men should grow beards so promptly and dntei-min "dI.V UH i'0.va:e:. such as this re- l mains one of those intriguing little ries In which the male psy- chrtvrv dI:lOllllt'iS. It may be re. rnllerl that the Ancient Mariner. Who had just returned from a rath- er extensive trip himself. sported a lone izrcy heard. as well as in glittering eye to match.-New York Herald Tribune

We claan WDOLElls that 1366

flew Method cleaners

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..TllC good old days were wlu-i r.(:uscw.'ri.-s lied a bug at suair 1, the little. :1 barrel of apples ii, the cellar and a crock of butter

- in the ice-box.-Stratford Beacon.

Herald

In reply to u want ad in 3,. office boy which appeared rcceiit. ly in a Los Angeies newspaper, one youth showed up lat the ap. pointed time only to find a long line of hopefuls already ahead nf him. Quickly he wrote this little and handed it to a secretary rm- imniediatc delivery to the boss, ”I'm the last. boy in the line. Don't do anything until you get :u see me." He got the job.-Wall st Joiiriial

Pertinent comment. on fluoridii. tion or water has been made by Health and Welfare. who has notcil that several conimuiiities in Cam. do have held plebisciles on the subject. Communities must ,.(.i.. on expert medical opinion on iii.- controversail question of fluorida tion. he said. pointing nut iii,-ii Pll1l.i-fIlIOI"I'it'Tlll'lls' are "kg ,i,,w, who W.'li't'(i C-'i'lllmi:ns a':aiiist plus- teurizatloii aiir' vac:-inrilion.

tun (lei-clopniz-nts of medical sc-i(-iii-p now iiuiiersally accepted. 31,.

Martinis concern was iiiiduulilrd l.v lH'0ll1l'INI by the at-titiities of the opponents of fluoridation. narr- iculiirly in Ontario. where laynii-n have alloiu-cl cmntiiui to sultiiigatr iiictlical ?l(TVIl'I', and as A Tl'KiIIl have i't'tartI('rI l)l”tl::l'P.K.xmftjnm-1,," Transcript

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