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THE GUARDIAN

-c‘..... Prince uwuii mud Like an new‘

Published every week-day morning at 136 Prince Street. Charlottetown, P. E. I.. by The Thomson Company Limited.

Editor and Manager, Ian A. Burnett. Associate Editor, Frank Walker.

Brunch offices at Summerslde. Montague Alberton. Authorized as Second Cilss Mail the Post Office Department. Ottawa.

By Carrier: Charlottetown. Summerside 815.00 per annum. Elsewhere in P. E. I. 89.00. Other Prov- inces and U. S. A. $12.00 per annum.

and by

“The strongest. memo ‘y-|l—-EVQIMCI than the weakest Ink."

Silence Is Better

External Affairs Minister Pearson has kept a prudent silence on reports of Am- erican proposals to warn off possible ag- gression in Indo-China. Not so Secretary of State Pickersgill! In response to ques- tioning the junior minister told reporters that he sees no possibility of Canadian troops joining the fighting in Indo-China.

To say that the statement is unfortun- ate is to put it very mildly indeed. If taken

.<crious|_v. and coming from a Cabinet Min-:

istcr it will be taken seriously, it means that Canada has announced in advance that aggressors can write off this coun- ii'_\"s potential. They will thus feel that much more free to apply force and it is. possible that the balance between pru- dence and daring will be upset.

There was no need t_o say anything at the present time. Canada's support of the, l'nited Nations and of the North Atlantic Pact are well known. This country's will to peace is also known. To pretend that our hands are tied in advance from taking any part in events in the Pacific is only to con- fuse both our friends and those whom we may come to regard as enemies. It weak- ens the hand of one and may give false assurance to the other.

Teachers’ Forum

During the past months a great many people have been discussing the teaching profession, so that it comes most oppor- tuneiy that the teachers themselves will have a chance to air their views at this time. The Prince Edward Island Teach- ers‘ Convention which opens today provides, that opportunity.

They will be able to give the profes- sional point of view on the status of the icachcr, on developments in educational, aims and methods, on the usefulness of teaching aids and on much else that the layman and the politician have been ex- pounding from an outsider’s point of view.

Because of their practical responsibili- tics, however, they may be expected to be much less ready to give simple answers to large questions. It is only the armchair expert who can give the simple and exact solution to problems which involve varied conditions and personalities. The teachers are more likely to content themselves with offering tentative advice which they hum- bly hope will prove useful to their fellows.

It is all to the good that they have this opportunity of getting together and reminding themselves that they are not plowing a lone furrow but that they are membcrs of a great profession; that count- less others are facing similar problems of their own; and that the world is very in- terested indeed in how they are getting along.

'l‘l1c_v arc wclconic lo Charlottetown. whose citizens hope that their visitors willl . enjoy their stay as well as profit by the convention.

Taiie_llecordiiig—iiitt;od

|“can have only one result——lower general

dated bluebooks, and few of our present- day members even know of their existence.

Perhaps the tape recordings will prove more interesting, although the time re- quired to listen to them in unabridged form would tax the patience of Job himself. With proper editing a symposium of the speech- making of each session could be compiled, but the job would be an exacting and thankless one, subject to all kinds of crit- icism, and giving rise to more time-wasting discussions in the House. The fact is that while our lawmakers’ functions remain as important as ever, political speeches no longer attract public interest except during election campaigns. There are exceptions, of course; but in general the demand is for unembellished factual statements, which can be more readily studied in summary press form than by any other means.

One In Step

"Everyone was out of step but my Johnnie.” That is a claim that usually «only a fond mother can make, but it is valid for this Province in the matter of swine breeding. In the nation generally the quality of hogs is declining. According to Federal agricultural officials in Ottawa the long, lean porker is gradually giving way to the fat unpopular pig and consumers are complaining.

Worse than that, lower hog quality ‘prices for hogs." Many farmers, it is charged, are still reluctant to accept in-

dividual responsibility for the hog business’ and seem to think that it is the business of the packer or of the government. To some

.-extent. that is so, as witness the mere 32:

cents a pound premium paid on grade drcs-. sed carcasses, a difference recently increas-I ed to one dollar. 3

In this Province, too, the goveriiment,i particularly the Federal Government, has‘ given invaluable leadership in the pursuit of higher grades. In the final however, the remarkable showing by the Prince Edward Island Yorkshires has been because our farmers were prepared to take expert advice and put themselves to no inconsiderable trouble to achieve a first rate product.

As a result this Province is in a posi- tion to help the rest of the country raise the general standard of bacon production in R much shorter time than would other- wise be possible. To all intents and pur—, poses we have become the source of swine, breeding stock for the nation.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Saint John is preparing to celebrate the 250th anniversary of Samuel de Champlain's discovery of the St. John River June 24, 1604. The event is, indeed, of national and‘ even international interest rather than} merely local.

Canadians will invade Normandy on the 10th anniversary of D-Day but by Chan- nel steamer rathcr than from landing craft as originally planned. The risk from storms is just too great to take for a commemor- ative pilgrimage althougfh it had to be fac- ed for the wartime landings.

I 0

During the next few days meetings will be held in St. John’s, Halifax and Saint John by the foreign trade committee of the Canadian Chamber of Commerce to lot businessmen air their views on foreign

trade Unlike their opposite numbers in the ( tral Provinces they will undoubtedly be "for" it.

A party of 32 from the National Do-

An experiment with it tape-recording device in the Commons committee on E.\'-[ ternal Affairs has been dropped hastiiy,l reports the Ottawa Journal. This actioni was taken on a protest from Mr. Di-ew.| and the experimental recording delivered to the Clerk of the House to be destroy- ed.

Mr. Drew's point, and a good one, was that a tape recording could be erased and sentences broken: ,and be argued that if committee recordings were to be made they should he on a disk, which could not be 'evised or altered. But the Leader of the Dpposition feared recordings of committees might be followed by their broadcast and that the next step might be to put House committees on television.

"Parliament," comments The Journal. "for its own convenience and as a strictly internal measure has an amplifying system in the Commons chambers—-beyond that it had better stick to the old way."

Locally our legislators now have their speeches tape - recorded for posterity, and it is taken for granted that they will be untampered with. Even so, it is ques- tionable whether the benefit outweighs the expense. Years ago, practically verbatim reports of the Legislative debates were made and published in pamphlet form at the end of each session, after first appearing in the newspapers of the day. These pro- vincial "I-iansards", dating back to pre- Confederation times, areon file in the Pub-

fence College of Canada is touring the U K. Led by Air Vice-Marshal C. R. Dun-‘ lap, C.B.E., C.D., the party is now engaged in a series of lectures dealing particularly with the political, economic and mililarv aspects of defence. Viscount Alexander of Tunis, Minister of Defence, and Canada's

former Govemor-General, is one of the lecturers. I O 0 London extended the Freedom of the

City to Giuseppe Garibaldi this date 1864. The great Italian patriot. liberator and guerrilla leader was a sailor's son and had commanded a brig by the time he was 23. He was fired with enthusiasm for the Ital- Ian national movement but bad to go into exile for a time. He joined the revolt against the Emperor of Brazil and aided the Montevideans against the Argentine dictator. He resumed his campaign to unite Italy, his most famous exploit being an expedition against Sicily.

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Planning Canada's Resources for the Eu- ture will be the subject of a representative national conference to be held at Ottawa, April 22-23 under the sponsorship of five national organizations: The Agricultural Institute of Canada, The Canadian Cham- ber of Commerce, The Canadian Forestry Association, The Canadian Institute of For- estry, and the Engineering Institute of Can- ada. Delegates from about 100 other na-

analysis, liar ipse

PUBLIC FORUM

Ihlil column is open to the discussion by eui-regpnndem, of. questions of interest. The Guardian does not necessar- ily endorse the opinion of correspondents.

PRODUCTION PLUS

Sir,-When any 0'19 Dut Herbert Spencer "on the spot" his famll. dixit was, "My dear friend I 95“ Supply you with facts but I Cannot give you the brains to understand them." Had the philo- sopher Herbert Spencer and the inventor Thomas Edison been a- live today, ten to one, they would have been toying with the idea of a mechanical l)l‘tllll, a. mechani. cal dairy cow, or a new Franken. stciii. What though old timers are apt to think that a lot. of indug. trial and social heterodoxies are losing their heads; at least. my peasant and the proletariat —that. is, where they have not already be- coiuc zombies or automatons ._ are asking, “what is scientific research doing to us?"

Is there "some soul of good in things evil would men observing- ly dislil it out"? Within the last generation a NEW industrial re- \0lutlon has instituted ll. mad pro- duction race. In the next. genera- tion it will be exploiting the na- tural resources of the oceans. If I don't hurry upl won't. have time to figure out why there is less time for ieizure and still more mouths to feed. Since every thing Lhat appears on the industrial hori- 7-On L5 NEW. 1 guess we shall soon be in the NEW timeless age.

The hitched chariot has ac- quired a tremeiidous tempo; the licavcns and the earth are taking on a new look. The industrial war- iare is on. Mountains are being moved and valleys are being fill- ed up. Don Quixote in his wildest abandon never dreamed of chang- in; river and stream beds into such mammoth power projects as are coiitcmplatcd today. it makes me dizzy to conjure up what man‘: grey matter will be doing tomor- row.

A man with clay feet may after all get down to grass roots. But. wlint. R surprise awaits him! Big fleets of bulldo/.crs have invaded the dirt. loads and have given them the Midas touch. The for- mer _belongs to the tractor bri- gade; makes three blades of grass grow where only one grew be- fore; with his Lr.iei.ur lights turn- on he does more plowing and har- rowing in a few hours after dark than his grand dad did in it week. Today it you stand in your field or Sit. down on your door step the world goes by at such 8 clip you'll begin to think it has left you I0 far behind you're back in the dark ages. It would take a Millet or 1 Markham to poi-tray your dazed look as you wonder “when-e's it 30- mg?"

Men who love the soil are be- ginning to ask themselven wheth- er this thing called rural life should be called rural experiment. In Saskatchewan at the present time it Royal Commission is study- ing agriculture and rural life, Prof. W. 13. Baker is chairman. In a speech before the Moose Jaw Chamber of Commerce Prof Baker is reported to have submit- ted the following statistics for Sask.: 1936, occupied farms 14.2.- M0; 1951, ditto 112,000; 1964. PTO‘ bable estimate 100,000 occupied farms. And nothwithstendirig this decrease in number of farm: and the progress of farm mechaniza- tion the total cultivatgl 1&)¢;1'Il' of Book. has increased .

This is a small part of the over- all picture of world production. The Most Rev. Gerald Berry, Archbishop of Halifax. in a re- cent. address emphasised the fact that within the int. 50 years "the natural resources of the universe have been exploited in new vinyl” and on such "an iinbelievingly via: a scnle...that. more wealth has been producod...t.lian in the 000 years that have proceeded."

The NEW stream-lined train II it glides smoothly; into ‘til; fgiturs

ed‘ in one it 03¢! Qrtmmd, l wonder where I'll be tenting tonight. 1 gm, sir, etc. MINCII SAXON

lncludinil Ninrll‘ hill. the Niagara river drops 32 feet in 36 miles from Lake Erie to lake On-

Iic Library, but who reads them? They Ilfihsr that on_ shelves reserved for

tional animations have been invited to

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F NOTES BY

Trouble is that when we start evaciiating this city in a civil de- fence strategy no one will be sure whether bombs have fallen on the streets or not. -—l-Iamilton Specta- tor.

is

New York correspondent claims to have found a man with a mil- lion dollars he can't spend. And how have they ever kept him out of politics? —-Hamilton Specta-

1'.

Statistics show that professional sword swallowers lead a compara- tively safe life. After all, they don't have to worry about eating pens with it knife. —.Hamilton Spectator.

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(New York Herald Tribune)

“Knot." is ,a very old nautical term, deriving from B. procem of measuring speed at sea that is now virtually obsolete. Yet, curiously enough, it has been found practical and precise for modern air trans- portation. All the armed services are already using knots for this purpose; after Oct. 1, according to it Civil Aeronautics Board ruling, air lines must. do the same. Private fliers may. if they wish, stick to the "miles per hour", or “m.p.h.", which are standard for land travel.

Among the reasons for the gen- eral adoption of the knot. is that it is a single, convenient word with which to express speed. What is more important, however, is that the knot is based on the nautical mile, of 6,080.20 feet, which is far more satisfactory for navigation av. sea and in the air than the statute mile, of 5,280 feet. The latter was derived from the "thousand places" of Roman times, good enough to measure the advance of Caesar's legions over a tiny fragment of the earth‘; surface. where landmarks abounded. in the wastes of sea and air, however, 0. mile which reple- sents a minute of are of o. meridian. and thus has I. definite relationship to the basic measurements of the earth, makes better sen.se.

The word knot comes from the ancient practice at. sea of heaving the log: dropping a. heavy piece of wood over the stern. attached to a line knotted at. intervals of 47 feet 3 inches. A 28-second sand glass gave the time; the number of knots that. slipped overboard while the sand was ninning out showed the ship's rate of speed in nautical miles an hour. This hand log sel- dom had to measure over ten knots; it is odd to think what R quartermaster in the old days would have said if he had known that the knots of this simple con- trivance would one day be used to express the rate of jet. planes travelling 60 times as fast. Never- theless, there is a certain ap- propriateness in the fact that i.i‘lf‘ measure which early seamen used to count their progress in un- known seas is still useful in the vastness of the air. Although the first meaning of ‘‘knot.'’ is an "intcil.Icement," the word has ac- quired ; spaciouaneas that "m p.h.“ can never convey.

Knots

,THE WAY

Time has s different meant!!! for almost every one. For one per- son it can be expressed as money. for another wisdom, for still an- other happpiness, according to the temperament of the person con- cerned. Unfortunately, for far too many, time seen only as a bar- rier separatlng them from s. desir- able event nnd it therefore merely wasted in passing. The full on- joyment of life comes when time is spent pleasurably, whether it be on work or play, for the secret of life is to be happy.—from on ed- itorial for young people.—-l-lamil- ton Spectator.

Old~ ci.’..i;.++.+own

and P. I. I.

A GOOD YIELD

ren Farm, planted two pounds of Ladowa wheat on May 9th, which ripened ten days earlier than his White Russian. The product was eleven stocks, which‘ yielded 199 pounds—-twice through the fanners —of nearly three and one-third bushels. This lot was over-ripe when cut, shelling very much, be- sides being tangled and having to be cut with the scythe. Quite a lot of cars remainell on the field, and from one-seventh to one- IPHIII had to be cut out, being smut."

—The Examiner, Nov. 30, 1888.

I The Age Old Story

Therefore, my brethren dearly beloved and longed for, my joy und crown, so stand fast in the Lord, my dearly beloved. . . And the peace of God, which pusoth nil understanding. shall keep your hearts and minds through Christ Jesus.

W33- i'TTFl

HERE 1? MONTHS

Nil UY

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NtCtSS

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by stopping at our store anytime They‘re yours for the asking.

FREE

FOII ALL FARMERS AIIII TIIEIII FAMILIES

How would you like to take a sight-seeing trip around the coun- try and see the rare and unusual in farm machinery? How would you like to peek into the future and see the problems that will face ngricultura in the years to come and what'I Min! done About llltm? Well, you can do all these things when you attend the Deere Day of the A. PICKARD FARM TRACTORS LTD.. to be held at Prince of Wales Auditorium, Friday, April 23, 7:30.

Yes, this in your invitation to be our guests on that day-to come and bring the whole family and enjoy a full ment that we have planned just for you. You'll get. to see five colon- ful films, including the full-length feature picture, with a cast of outstanding Hollywood players. Friday. April 23. The show will start at 7:30 sharp and it's free. How- ever, ndmisslon is by ticket only so if you haven't received your tic- kets in the mall or if you need additional tickets. you can get. them

big John

evening of entertain-

"Mr. Chrlltmu." Remember the data

between now and 5 PM. April 23.

A. PIGKAIIII FAIIM TIlAOTOIl8'LTII.

"Mr. John Newson, of the War- .

Pogo! ‘ Tlioanudian '.l'ueodoy.Api,-ll20,,1n54_..'

often, when I have a spare moment. ( 1;

son is on). I like to browse through some periodical of the put. and it is surprising how some of the things which were written fifty years loo or more are rewritten or discussed. under slightly dif- ferent nuns and titles, ‘in our own tuna. on the first pace of the May 1008 edition of a certain mag- alino printed in the United states there appeared this item: “Slow as the large tasks are, and,”, "leusome of them are within any measur- able period. it. is aigniflcnnt that the work of some of the govern- ment; and of many of the fore- most. minds of our time is the work of developing backward popu- lations. It is the most st.rsight.-for- ward effort that civilization has evar mud. to extend itself." Evi- dently tho work did not go along as well as it had been expected for the “backward populations" of the world are still that way and "foremost. minds of our time" are still engaged in trying to find some way of improving their lot. . . .

moo, although only 11 years be- fore the outbreak of the First Great War, was I year in which the world theme was “Peace". There were even indications that war was a. thing of the past. 80. at least, one would gather from this choice leading article: “The mood of the world-—-even the ideals of mimkind—are changing with this conception of duty (the at-

Tlie Passing Scene ‘ 1: Observe: A noon nae;

sum". He. therefore. had issued

, I decree which, tksoretloally at

my raw. would have the effect of increasing the personal froedpm of'tha peasantry (his father had technically freed them from next. dam) and of anus-inc religion. freedom which hitherto the all- poworful Orthodox Church had re- served to itself.