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FRIDAY. N. 19M.

[HE CHARTERED BANKS

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' m vie-w of the mt that u». new central bank. the Bank of (ianado. ll. N‘ marks the Montreal Genetic, there arises a natural interest- in the question as to the future o! the chartered banks, particularly as b0 the influence they will exert in the credit field. The answer is that these banksxwhich have established service that ‘has become the emyzywof. other countries, will continue w serve the public in much the same way as heretofore. This is the conclusion of the Monthlyifteview of the Bank of Nova Scotia, which brings to an end some “Further Reflections on

isinprocessofor

a record of stability and

Credit" with the statement:

fMeanwhlle, the commercial banks will continue to do what they have

always done; to safeguard the peo-

ple's savings; andyto provide the {funds required for moving the Do- minica's trade. They will compete in the future, as they have compet- Circumstances-

ed in the past. combined, from henceforth, with central bank policy-will set limits. minimum as well as maximum, to

their lending power. No more than

in the past will they be responsible, in any true sense of the word, for deflation or its opposite."

In the course of the "Reflections" it is observed that while the bank- ér has been accused of exercising a monopoly and of controlling the creation of money, its amount and

rthe public's purchasing power, the

banker actually is quite unconscious of exercising any such power; he does not initiate depressions by re- strictive Pfilicies; he considers each application for a. loan upon its merits as a. banking venture, and his lending power is ultimately re- stricted by his power of attracting deposits. Critics persist in regard~ ing this statement of the case as inaccurate or incomplete and as implying s misconception of bank- ing responsibility. ‘The statement that loans create deposits is dis- cussed at some length in the Re- view because of the manner in which it has been interpreted by those who insist that money is created by the banks. ‘That a bank deposit is, for all practical purposes, money, is admitted, but "the state- ment may surely be made with equal force in the reverse.” Thus re- garded, the repayment of a bank loan becomes the destruction of money; but this is a line of discus- sion which does not get very far. The question stressed is as to the luliwfled freedom of action of the commercial banks in maintaining or expanding credit. There follows a. discussion ‘of the practical busi- ness of everyday banking, and more especially the matter of collections as between one bank and other banks. Collections from other banks cannot be regulated, but a bank can, must and does. limit the drain upon its own resources by restrict- ing its loans. The obligation in

this regard is imperative so long as

there are s. number of commercial banks.

The position of a. central bank is different but the review points out that even when the Bank 0f Canada begins to function the re- lationship of the commercial banks substan-

central directly with the public and is not empow- ered to engage in commercial bus- will ‘otand in somewhat the same rela- tionto the commercial banks as they now do to their clients. Never- tireless. the banking situation as affected by the new development will require very careful study; up- on the understanding that will re- and upon goodwill, will depend the success of

to their clients will not be tially altered since the bank will not bedealing

iness. The new institution

lult from such study,

the new system. It has been stated be-

Qore by spokesmen for the charter- ed hanks that there will be com- "bletc OO-OPETMIOII on their but with the Bank 0i Clnada. Allythilfl also would be inooncei ab}... in such a field: The Bank of Nova Scotia

boys they must hm had lnarahcl’! batons m their school ball-

It will mt be for lack crap»!!- caticns that the newBankcfOanada will be understaffed. ‘more’ an laid tobecnlysonewjobstofilband already over 1,500 applications for them have been reccivcd by the HorhErLRhodesandthclkDc-rt- ment of

The French Press is laying claim to having a bigger and more cap- acious steamer than the Queen Min-y. But it is still on the stocks -.-not “in being” as is the British record breaker, and will be merely “the sincerest form o1 flattery."

The committee preparing a con- stitution for the Young Liberals‘ Association of the Province of Quebemhas decided that a man who is 40 years old is no longer a young Liberal. It might also be suggested“ (says a contemporary.) that anyone who has reached the twosoore mark should have wisdom enough to be conservative.

Scholars from various city schools are receiving practical lessons in botany at the Brperimental Farm. The mstructer asked: "Can any one tell me why the leaves burn red in the Autumn?" A little miss. after a moment's hesitation, ven- tured: "Perhaps they are blushing

spring."

Premier R. G. Reid, Alberta, ins replied to the demands of Liberal headquarters in C5188?! 10!’ an immediate provincial election: “A general election this year has not been considered as a remote posib- iIity." This may mean that there will be four provincial and a federal election next year-Alberta, Que- bec, New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island with the Federal election thrown in for good meas- ure.

According to the Rev. C. G.‘ smith, of Temple Baptist Church, Montreal. Baptists in Germany are giving Adolph Hitler arloyalty that is more than respect-s loyalty o! love and devotion because, "though he is a Catholic, he has the same approach to God as have the Bap- tists; that fundamentally Roman Catholicism and the Baptist faith are one."

An unusually important conven- tion is to be held here about the middle of next month-Aha’; of the United Maritime l‘ ‘iermen. The Government, the City .Councll, and the Board of ‘Trade should conrbino to give a fitting reception to the delegates and arrange for the Wit- nesses best suited to be sent to Ottawa to give evidence befwc the Stevens Commission.

Homer nodded, and even the M!!- don Times is not immune against journhjbtfFerrors. In the Sept. l3 issue f The Times‘ weekly edition ‘appear. a picture of the Jacques Cartier celebration at Gaspeflalleg- edly depicting “Mr. Bennett, the Prime Minister of Canada “Hi4!!! with Mr. DeBlois, the Lieutenan‘ Governor of Prince Edward Island." The gentleman mistaken for Lieu- tenant Governor DeBiois appears to be the Hon. E. N. ratcnaude, Lieu- tenant Covernor of Quebec.

"the staff of life" goes back ‘in- to ancient history. fit subject for university dons and scientists to study and investiga‘ . The question of whether wheat reputedly 8-500 years old will sprout i| now before scientists of the British agriculture ministry, and Oxford and Carn- bridge/Universities. n was found in a tomb of an 118mm: kin: at un-

because they were so When in the J

Notes The ay

We hear no mach about than who "over-work". The newspapers arc filledwizh the obituary- notes

ovtr-

not fvfwoming. It is necessary before tbercican be any general re- vival of prosperity tlut the wages .of money bein-line with the wages of labour. This condition now seems to have been reached.—‘1vrcnto ‘hologram.

Many persons seem in think that the spending possibilities of the Government are limitless, but they lose dght of the fact that every dollar appropriated for public pur- poses has to come 1mm the tax- PI-ycr. ‘What they also forget is that there is a danger line in tax- ation which is reached when the levies become so oppressive that they cannot be collected-Philadel- phia Inquirer.

DI‘. Schacht talks glihly of Gor- many's intention to be well-nigh self-contained economically if that is necessary to assure her domestic prosperity and her independence of foreign nations. But he might better be addressing mmsclf to the fact that his country will never be prcape on any reasonably per- manent basis unless she both stops bcdevilling her creditors and be- ginstotakeromerealstepstore- store her crqiit rating-Providence oumal. '

Continuing its upward trend. the cost of living of wage-earners in the United States rose 0.6 per cent fmm July to August, making the level 8.5 per cent above a year ago but 21 per cent below August, 1929. according to the monthly survey of the National Industrial Confer- ence Board. Food prices were up 4.8 per cent from c. year ago, while rents were 3.6 per cent higher.

What is lfillevcd to be a record for a continuous peal of thunder occurred at Lexington, Ky, during a recent shower. Colonel Jim Maret timed it. Before the reverberation of one clap would die out another would start. There was a straight nineteen minute period during which the volume varied but con- tinued.

Dynamite was used with some success in Delavan, Wisconsin, rec- ently to prevent frost damage, when the temperature dropped to 26 de- grees. workmen kept up s. series of explosions 0n the cold nights to maintain air circulation and keep the frost from settling’. This was the first use of dynamite as a frost damage prevention method in Wisconsin. ‘rhc idea was first tried last fall on the lowlands of North- ern Minnesota. and is still at the experimental stage.

The, ‘lcmofthiancxtdecade is in explore the possibility of Anglo-Saxony as a standard bearer of peace. If first standard is seiz- ed, dominant power assures peace. If it is thrown down, the future holds in store the quick passage of the months from the " ‘ of

ofthoacofwhom itis writtcn~ that they aver worked. Usually they _-

' injuring himself and others A little

Q~Iaan|U.ju) f ‘ WIIIN mama. snmmm - Awash. scones“

“A man who had enjoyed perfect began to express foolish ideas-dalusion-whioh rap- idly paased on to insanity. Ho. had an anxious expression, developed fantastic ideas of religious persecu- tion and to be restrained from

later his temperature rose and he was found in have pneumonia)“ “During the influenm. epidemic of 1918-19 many of the cases want‘ on to pneumonia and many patients had the symptoms of sudden or acute insanity, in various forms."

I am quoting the above because many cases of insanity are dun to infection and may not come on sud- denly as with pneumonia or influ- enza. It has been found that infec- tions may occur in the body‘ and only after a numbe of years will the symptoms of insanity appear.

‘Ihus infected teeth. gums, sinuses adjoining the nose, have been found to be causing the strange behavior, and when the infection was remov- ed, the mental symptoms disappear-

A chronic appendix, a kink 1n the large intestine or anything stopping or slowing up the passage of waste down the large intestine may be the cause of mental symptoms.

Strange as it may seem the infec- tion may exist for years and inste of the symptoms coming along gra - ualiy at the same rate as the infec- tion process seems to wohk, the men- tal symptoms may come on sud- denly and the physician will natur- ally look for some recent cause such as fright, shock or other “ isl disturbance.

However the physician must con- sider the patienfls background or family history. When there is a his- tory of extreme nervousness, an ele- ment of "oddness" or “queemess" in the individual or hts family, then the symptoms are not as likely to be due to infection as to some emo- tional disturbance.

IBut when the individual has al- ways shown good common sense and had had good health. and suddenly begins to have mental n; ptoms, then the first thought should be to have an immediate examination by

search for infection somewhere in the body,

Codes For Fleas

(Manehaier Guardian)

In the United States every flea is a potential wage-earner, and every flea without employment is an obvious drain o_n the life-blood of the nation. For this very good. reason the National Recovery Ad- ministration codes have been ex- tended to cover the “lndnstry" of performing fleas; from now on no fleas shall be called upon to work more than seven hours a day, in- stead of the eight that have often been demanded by‘ their capitalist Employers.

The immediate result has been a rise in the number of fleas in pro- ductive labor Mr. Roy Heckler, the head of the industry, claims that no fewer than forty irnemployed fleas have been put back in work this year. ‘In be sure, nothing is said as to the condi‘ under which the fleas are made to work: it is posible ‘that the employers.

1908 1'0 that of 1014.

Mach of the opposition to the New Deal, observes Mr. Farley, comes from people who “see con- trol of the government slipping out of their reach.’ And some of its support from people who hope to see control cf the government, or at least a place on its payroll, com- ing within their reach-The Kan- sas City Times.

Black rain fell in Buenos Alrcs recently giving an unprecedented and weird aspcot to the city. The Weather Bureau's analysis showed that the rain water was filled with microscopic particles of burned car- bon and ‘ med petroleum. pre- sumably from the smoke of the recent disaste at Campana, where oil ts burned for awcek follow- ing explosion. The darkness of night did not lift all afternoon. Buildings were illuminated, electric signs were turned on and street cars ran with lights on.

The allcoeaciul w. inaiion of negotiations m: Manchukuds pur- chase of Russia‘: holdings in the Chinese listen: Railway will.

cient Thebes. Bpcrts are “ ‘

ing to produce germination by nat- ural means, failing which they in- tend to try artificial methods. The question at issue is whether thc nutritive content and value of wheat has increased or cthcrwilc with t!!!

in b! enforcing a “stretchout" under which each flea. must jump higher, faster and more often in the given time. Nor is it clear how the fleas bmaflt at all. for they do not get the money and nothing is said as to how they are allowed to mend their extra hour of leimre.

But the important fact remains that more and more fleas are being changed from idle consumers into productive workers. and General Johnson may well feel proud of his success. Only one doubt can reasonably remain; does the Gen- eral realize that these fleas are not Anrerban fleas? It is staked that only the temperamental fleas from Italy and Spain are anyuse for this ldnd of work, that (to put it bluntly) American fleas cannot not. Are these flees. then, critical-is? It may prove that their rights depend only en the recognition first Art is international-

should. remove one of the most

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Already, he i. M“! in, the Government is busy lacing the foimdstica- o! the new an Ia-oadened Conservatism: ch is pond wb°°9h"5‘°u‘°1‘°°3fl°- ..moncyforthe Treasury-ewes ‘Th9 m“ U48" 1! "if “"1153 the greatest human ferret, ever DUBIMQFPNA ' 1 ‘ P“ met and once beget on the t of‘

a wrongdocr woo betidc him. ‘, . - Somewhere about i888 or 1089 Mr I-Iayter conceived the, idea‘ of including in the annual reporitof the auditor general the pay rolls\of the different canals in Canadal \It was an innovation which had d - estrous results to one canal supe intendent. ~The auditor generals report has)‘ by law to be .. nted to Parlia-

ing out of industry. Not only will authority to extend unemploy- ment insurance be sought. but also the power. to regulate hours and conditions of work, rates .of wages. and allied questions. In brief. the Government will seek authority to enact a comprehensive program of 80GB]. IIIBUDO in tDG 111W!!!“ OI the day‘ of the opening o! each mum“ andassoonus this particular-report had been distributed a copy fell into the hands of a aunties-um residlne Ber -* ml ‘ country,| sixty odd miles below Ottawa. Locking over the volume he came across the pay list of the Carillon- Grenviilc canal. This work had been commenced in i819 by s. unit of Royal Engineers sent out from England to furnish through navi-l gstion between Montreal and 0t-; tawa. Ititook the engineers fifteen years in complete the job and the canal was used for the first time in April, 14. During all this period the pay rolls had never been seen by the public, possibly because there was no auditor general‘: office un- til 1871.

When the gentleman I have re- ferred to scrutinized the pay rolls’ he was amazed to note the number of men supposed to be working on the canal. He knew most of the employees but there were, names ‘ncluded with which he was un- farnllar. Quspecting that there had been "padding." he called the at- tention of his ministerial friends to it, with the result that a. royal commimion was issued to Mr. A1". Wood, MLA. of North Hastings, to take evidence under oath. Mr. Wood had had wide experieflce in canal enquiries and was admirably adapted for the duties assigned to him. He invited me to accompany him as secretary and reporter. and as things were quiet in Otmwa I consented to do so.

Then it was that for the first time I met Mr. l-‘iaytcr. He had-gone down to Granville two or three days ahead, had arranged for the hall in which the enquiry could be held and had cubpoenacd fifteen m- twenty witnesses living at the Grenville end of the canal. After we had finished there we moved to 8t. An-

‘Then, at Parliament. lcfiiaiation will be 1n- . - . m . .

the

North America Act. after which the other measures will follow. Intim- ations from well-informed circles in the Government forecast the most comp ‘We proposals for social legislation which the. Parliament of Canada has ever received."

‘I'll: logic upon which the Federal Government is proceeding is that it industry is to continue to be pm- tccfed-and tarriff p. tectiou for the Canadian manufacturer and producer is to continue to be the corner-stone of the party's doctrine -theh the worker must be protect- ed also. The recent investigations by the ‘Stevens committee have thrown grave doubts upon the ade- quacy of the securities given Can- adian workem under the ‘existing social conditions. As against the Oonservativrperty‘: ‘preparedness the cause of social jus- tice‘, the m". Hon. Mr. King. Liberal leader has indicated in‘ recent months hlrcompleio‘ willingness to sponsor a militant return to Glad- stonian Liberalism ‘-

"I-Ic would reduce taniffs by 50 Der cent. and let‘ those Canadian industries survive-which can, he would wipe out the Iznperfal ‘Iradc Agreements and throw Canadian markets open to foreign e on equal forms with Empire export- ers; and he would sbolish- the mar- keting legislation of last session. In brief, Mr. King's contention is that the principles of Gladstonfan Lib- eralism apply today just as effect- ively as they ever did. and that Canada should settle down to re- organize its industry on the basis of the survival of the fittest." ,

Mr. King's attitude is the logical challenge to the new Conservative doctrine which is developing. Tho effect of the clear breach which is figs". "°..““.‘..?...‘.’.'.‘““°“..3‘° °"°

es . ly, t the sew» we» -» u» m» one-r .'.‘.“.‘..3.‘;.2..;‘§§“.W.‘if;‘..'f’$l2 Q5522 election. which will not be until of - emlioy” than x 1 m “m ""1 i‘ *° M" W’ °P- the United antes had been re- mmmw M "M"? “bah” m’ tained; other: were sleeping in the “m”! "l" *1" “W” °f N! 0611M‘ , at Lmhiite. but all this

Government is to strive to toot m” may were mwoud to be B. definite Stfllldlfd 0f Qflllldlllh drawing l”? m, Ben-lee! on the

economic ‘life, or whether it is can“ Th, “human; ma“ h ‘M917 u’ "9 w“ m “M” 55mm ly. resigned T3: whether he magic ‘m level!“ m‘! m” cumin“ restitution or not I never heard. industry 5nd llflfillltilm 80-18"; ‘A! I mention "u. “on w show that “"1”? ” h“ m” m“ ‘mhwt civil servants are not the drones “m” Pmhcflm‘ some people believe them to be. Mi‘. yter certainly did a fine piece of ° ‘ l ' are was one erence e Th. ref to th Bntaln s wonder enquiry '-~ the House. Sir John . Iilscdoneli informed Sir Richard Cartwright that the report of the corrrmissioner had been received and that he would have a copy sent to the leader .of the opposition, where-upon Sir Richard replied: "Better scnd it to mo. sceinct that this is an Ontario matter." The canal is located in Quebec wcvinco. Ncxt-"Work." . .