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IIIE BIIRRLUTTETUIIN GUARUIRII

. .. Iolllll Bally (Iouldol In ll?)

President: Llul, Col. W. Cluster l, lelmh Via Prolldult: J. it. Burnt!‘ I-JJ. lccnicry: Lint. Col, l). A. Mcckinlon, II.I,O, Illllar um: luuuli g Uiroctur, J. I Burluil, IJJ. Associate lulilurl: fruit Walk», and Ling Inn A. Burnett, l .N.v,t$_ tlln Autirc Ionic!)

HUBSCIIITIOI ILTI. I, lnll ll P. IL l. “All p" ylll’; "M for O Ibli 01;.‘ for l mouths: I00 for ills ulcnil City Delivery 11.00 par ynsz: “.00 for l! uzoltll 8L7; [or 3 months; 00o for on: mouth B] lull tu oiiiur Provinces cull U.I.A. “.00 III Saturday Weakly: $3.00 our your; 0.00 for I months. ‘i500 fur 8 months Q . . _ _

The Cluriuttutown (lundlnu may 0c obtlllcd o! Hotslllui‘: Suns Annoy, Timon Hquuo, Now York; (III tiouth Raw: Agency, Burner llllls lld Wuhington Bolton: mu-upouu... hon: Alrnry, ma: r»: ll. llnutrenli J. rm 8M Buy 5:, Turuntu; News Stand Chateau Lauri":

Ottawa; \\'ulio'n Aown stand tludbury, 0n|.| Bub Tobacco Elihu, Alunciun, s‘. B.

“The Strongest Memory is Weaker Thin the Weakest Ink."

FR I DAY, JULY 23,

s

Mr. King's ~Chickens" Come Home

1:: the debuts on the External Policy oi the King Govcrumcnt in the llouse of Commons, Mr- ll. C. lit-urn, \'.'u1c<.iu\rt' .\\~uth_ scoirtl sc- vercly flu: Prime Minister's ilisastrotis isolation:

licy which preceded the outbreak of the war. gr: suirl the Prime bliuisters foreign policy then . ll no coutmititieuts to anyone eith- l_\' oi the other members of the (w: tiut l, lil the Luiicil States or any othvr innit >11. liuu- Llllfl again on the hustings and in the Ilsuse IIICZIIIJUYS oi the Croverumcnt stated that policy: And they put it this way, that Canada could he fufornuwl by Great Britain what was gvizzq fur, . . she could not he consulted, the im- pli. *2: luvxu; that she would he under no obli- gat. :1 m Mica: Britain or anyone else. Proceed- ing, llr. Green said: "lkrliaps the must humiliating situation in '~ I" lilflfl \\':1splnvu<las a result of this non- ~lit~_v \\'Ll< on _lul_v 1, 1938, Canada's “ct: those of us who were in the last zit had to sit in the house Qnd hear the "Yer (Mr. Mackenzie King) say that he utts um“ 1Q’ t0 have Great Britain set up scho-‘Xs iu C. .‘.£lll.'i for the training 0f her airmen, because that would be the equivalent of setting up a foreign military station in this land.

”.\Ir. MACKENZIE KING: I take exception at once to what my hon. friend has said- If he malavis any f"If'l'€llC6 he should make clear that the whole point in connection with schools being established in this country wias that the govern- ment had no objection whatsoever to the schools being established, so long as their administration \'.'::s to be tinder the responsibility of a Canadian minister.

"Mr. GREEN: I have the reference from Hansard before me.

"Mr, MACKEXIZE KING: Read them.

"Mr. GREEN: Unfortunately what I have said is corrrct-

“Mr. MACKENIE KING: No, ll: ls not cor- rect. I have made a statement, and I challenge the hon. member to refute it. The position has been perfectly clear at all times.

“Mr. GREEK: And I may say this, that as an old soldier of Canada I hung my head in shame tit the ivords of the Prime Minister on that occa- sion, and the manner in which they were said.

“The CYHX-XIRXIAN: The Prime Minister has denied the statement attributed to him, and has asked for the exact statement-

"Mr. GREEN: I would refer the committee

_ page 4527 of Hansard for July I, 1938, where e Prime Alinister is reported in this way: “my I say a word with respect to the Idea of having the imperial air force set up flying schools In Canada. to train their pilots, in short, n mill- ‘ tary station put down in Canada, owned, main-

tained and operated by the imperial government , for imperial purposes. I must any that 1on1 ago Canadian governments finally settled the consti- tutional principle that in Canadian territory thero could be no military establishments unless they were owned, maintained and controlled by the

" Canadian government . sponsibic to the Camd- Qln parliament and peoplt.‘

WZIS

l "The Prime Minister goes on to say:

’ ‘Such domesiic ownership, maintenance Ind control o! all military stations and personnel h one of the really indispensable hull marks of nl- tional sovereign self-government and an indispen- tbie basis for friendly and effective cooperation

eiwcen the gufCfIlIIlCIllS of Canada and those of other parts nf the British commonwealth of Na- lions. Inrliitling the Kovernment of the United Kingdom.‘

FA: page 4529 of Hansard we find this:

‘Mr. Bennett. This ls not a military forcs but I. lrnlnlnz force.

‘llr- Mackenzie King: I want the house and the country in understand clearly what is being dis- cussctl. My reference was with regard to the idcl of having the imperial air force set up a flying sciiuni somewhere in Canada tn train their flying pilots. In short, a military station to be put down in (Tunmln, owned, maintained and operated by the imperial gm-rrmucul for imperial purposes.

‘Mr. IIHIIIPIII Nut for imperial purposes.

‘Mr. Lllnckt-nzle King: It is for imperial purposes.

h it for Canadian purposes? ‘Mr. Bennett: Yes, very much lo.

"I will lltzive hon. members to draw their own COnClush-us.

".\lr- MACKENZIE KING: My hon. friend, were he willing to make the record complete, should have drawn attention to what I said sever- al times, in addition to the particular excerpts he has quoted, and which served to make our posi- tion very clear.

"Mr. GRIZEN: If the Prime Minister wishes to explain his words he will have an opportunity to do so."

‘Mount Elna

Canadian! battling on the plains of Catania in Sicily will find thcmsclvcs within eighteen mjlc; of one of nature's greatest pIlHlOlllCIlFi——~Il'lC huge volcano of llouut Etna, now qillflzcpm hm hv nu means extinct. The liltlllflifilll itself mars f0 n freight of over 10,750 foot and covers 46o squat: IIIIICF- Tl" Fllfljlt‘ 1'5 that of Ii truucatcil cone, in~ ferruplvrl on the west by thr" Ynllo dcl Iflovc. :1 huge slorilc abyss, three milcs wide, bnumlol on three sides by perpendicular cliff: of from 2000 to 4000 fcet- Its south-west portion, which

is the deepest. wu perhaps tbs original enter. ‘Pliers are also some :00 subsidiary cones, some of them over 3000 feet high, which have risen over lateral fissures. The lower slope: of the mountain are well cultivated and (in peacetime) densely populated. The middle zone consists chiefly of forests of evergreen pines and birch- woods, while the upper part is covered with snow for the greater part of the year. By the end of summer this has almost melted, exce t for that preserved in covered pits for which t is stored for use for cooling drinks, etc, in Catsnis and elsewhere. From the vill e of Nicoloai, nine miles to the north-west o Cstanis, the summit of Etna can be reached in seven or eight hours; an arduous ascent, best undertaken in summer or autumn. Canadians who may attempt it will be following-at the distance of twenty centuries —in the footsteps of the Emperor Hadrian.

Thucydides mentions eruptions of Mount Etna in the 8th and 5th centuries B.C. The last serious one took place not so long ago, in 19:0. In be- tween these dates stretches s long grim record of volcanic disturbances. Catania itself was over- whelmed by an eruptionjn 1160.

The ancient Greeks believed the mountain to be the one with which Zeus crushed the giant Typhon. Other legends fumed It into the fiery workshop of the Cyclopes, and the gateway to the nether regions. The most intriguing story of all concerns the disappearance 0f the philosopher Empedocles. He is said to have thrown himself into the crater of Etna in the hope that men, find- ing no traces of his end, would suppose him translated to heaven. But his hopes were cheated by the volcano, which cast forth his brazen sand- als and betrayed his secret. It is, perhaps, too much to hope that a similar inspiration will occur to Mussolini!

- EDITORIAL NOTES .-¢

just to think of itl Martiniqufl automobiles are running freely on a. mixture of 10 per cent- gasoline and 90 per cent. rum.

1K 1i! i! i!

The King's new Private Secretary, Sir Alan Lascelles, well knows, and is well known in, Can- ada, for he was private secretary to Governor General Lord Bessborough, and later, in 1939, accompanied Their Majesties on their tour of Canada.

n- m a- a

The Australian Newsletter says that many women have been called up for work in canner- ies in that Dominion, and that those who do not obey the order are liable to six months’ jail or a fine of 10o pounds, or both. Either can or be canned, comments the Gazette.

a s a u

The Royal Navy's motto is ”Seek out, engage and destroy". By June, 1942, 6,178,681 tons of the 11,000,000 tons of Axis merchant shipping had been destroyed, captured or put out of action by the Royal Navy and the R.A.F. In addition, the Royal Navy had sunk 3 Axis (German and Italian) battleships, I5 cruisers, 62 destroyers, and in conjunction with the Royal Canadian and United States Navies, sunk 0r damaged 530 sub- marines- British submarines, alone, have sunk more than 300 enemy supply shipsfincluding many troop ships, and have damaged many more.

i I i i

A quarter of a million documents a week can be handled by the War Office microgram ser- vice. Microscopic negatives are made by the mic- rogram units abroad on films of varying length, which are then sent home by air- As a result, of- ficial correspondence is specded up and trans- mission of such documents as adjustment of sl- lowanccs to soldiers’ dependents, formerly sent by rail and sea, frequently take only as many days as they previously took months. One hund- red feet of film may bear the negatives of as many as 1,600 documents in a container which is no bigger than s two-ounce tobacco tin. On ar- rival at the War Office the films are enlarged at the rate of 1,000 documents an hour.

i I I l

The Mar uis of Duffcrin and Ava, Governor- Genenl of ads, paid an official visit here this date, 1873, when he was entertained at a memor- able ball in Government House by the last of the Imperial Governors of this Island, Sir William Cleaver Francis Robinson; the two had much in common, Sir William having by “his judic- ous counsels" brought about our inclusion in the Canadiu. Confederation; while Lord Dufferin, by his "diplomacy, tact and judgment,” paved the way for our admission, allaying any fears of our being absorbed and wipt out as a separate and distinct entity; alas, later his “eloquent speeches" were described by Goldwin Smith as "elegant flummery", But they did the trick at the time.

I l ll III

Mr. Graydon correctly insisted that General LaFlcche should not refuse to say how much money the National Film Board receives from movie theatres, on the ground that this was con- trary to public policy. It is also contrary t0 public policy that the C-N.R. management is never forc- ed to say what salaries its officers receive-when this question is raised in the Commons Commit- tcc. It is essential to democratic Government that every expenditure 0f the Governmcnt—directly or indirectly-which is not actually military in its character should be put before the House of Commons-whenever the House so desires. If Mr. Graydon will stick to this. he will find that it is a thoroughly popular stand.

a a c c

Business men, thinking of post-War plans. should keep in mind, lays The Letter Review, that the change from war to peace will be grad- ual this time. We are finishing this War-not calling if off and giving rainchecks, as in 19:8. l That means that material and labour for civilian aiscs will become available long before/the War is over in any real sense; that export opportuni- urs will spring up, by degrees, and without wait- fivg for all the elaborate inter-governmental plans which the semi-Fascists in the Civil Service l-nvc in mind. Business men should be urgent in wntchiltg that the semi-Fascists. who will soon we this danger to their power, do not krep their wmlrol of goods and labour my longer than is neccfiary, in each field.

_ _ ".41....

-—v

THE liutu By Tins thy

____.

0m of the Icpunaco hvorite ex- messtom is goinl 1° 90mg in handy

dus time-fiver! sorryW-Winni- peg ‘Iribune.

Two John for the hither mathe- maticians; Making out the Canadtt an Lncome tax returns and count.- tna the returns in an Irish election —Va.ncouver Dally Province.

ll J. Kaiser Jromim M00 nu 1e, after tbs war. Yea. but the ambitious young man wants to know the price of a private plane. ‘louder: Free Pres.

Iixt thousand tons of civilian ave been sent bokfrica. which explains why the retailer in this country is out. of s. few Items. - Indianapolis News.

Our knights of the air In the 8th Umted States air force in mglnnd are now reported w be wearlng cutrasses in their raids over Ger. many. This garment is described as consisting of thin steel plates to protect, breast. and back, enclosed in a sleeveless jacket that can be dis- carded instmtly by pulling a. release cord. One gunner so equipped was hli by s piece of shell and knocked across the plane, but his armor pm- fected him from injiuy. — Chicago Daily News.

population from taking rank with the neat powers, she has, 1n the last three years, made a place for her- self in a category all her won. Re- lative to her resources her record is second t0 none. In absolute terms, the distance that separates Canada. from the great powers is less than

"M that 0! flnv other of the smaller natlons.-—I..0I:d0u Ecoomfst.

lster to the Soviet. Union, Premier Molotoff has expressed his gratitude to the Canadian people for the gift of the foe-breaker Montcalm. ‘Ihe Russian statesmen wrots that it had already been used to 300d advant- age by the Soviet merchant marine. The Montcalm is the ship which beat off three successive attacks from the air on the way to Mur- mansk. There is something sym- bolic in the gift and it. is to be hoped that the good ship may do 19$ 10b 110i Only 1n the physical sence but, In the field of national re- lations as well.

Winston cnQnu ulu recently that he looks forward to an hicrease 1n village and

all sections of the United States come reports that city dwellers are buying places of small acreage on the fringes of cities and larger towns. The National Association of Real mtate Boards was reported that steady farm purchasing has increased prices 15 per cent since 1940 and that the trend is still up- ward. This land buying is a whole- some use for some of the increased income. As new industries develop. factories will locate outside the larg- er communities. Desoentrallzatlon is already in process and will increase In momentum as more people learn to appreciate country living. those unfamiliar

authorities before the deed is passed. The dream of c little place in the country with a few acres 0f land, s cow, a pig, a garden, and s. flock of chickens is cherished by many urban workers. It is a good dream to re- alize but the transaction should be on a sound financial basis. - Christfnn Science Monitor.

But this year South Aibcrtcns us E1841 ihev can pay for rain. the rain that comes down from the moun- tains in the irrigation djtches and 1s spread or: the land. Every few Years we get drought conditions - 8S Whit Dart of Canada. does not, on occasion. Then we reallm how lucky we are to be situated on the 985mm 510W of the Rockies where tvvbzrnphy makes It possible to take the life-giving water from the streams to spread over our fam": lands. 'I‘ltia year we hove well over 40,000 acres o! special- ized crops which are thriving to- day because they cm be given me water they need to take the place of the rain which hasn't fallen dur- ing the season. It is our good for- tune that this is so. It. should har- den our determination to go ahgpd with the program of water 00n- servatlon and irrigation extension which has been envisioned for the ppst-war period. -Lethbrldge Her- n .

Recently the Toronto of education passed a resolution urging the government t0 defer calling up those mcn doing valuable work In the secondary schools. The problems arlslnz from the loss of these men is no different for secondary schools anywhere than it Ls in Toronto. If 1t is wise to prevent ihem moving to other occupations. even essential

they be drafted to do service in an army isolated from the enemy? Ot- tawa statesmen could be expected to have a deeper appreciation of m educational system which has pro- duced so well for their voluntary policy. —-'I‘oronto Globe and Mall, Be fair to

your service

Don't ask him quegllons. Don't itress him for information about what h;- kimws. about what he

lenrus. about. what he guesses. A senior officer, buying new eQuID- merit, mentioned it. wilt: his selling date. to a lady friend. He is In prison. Another officer writing to his wife, described his arrival at s British port in a convoy of Am- erlcans and R. A. P‘. He was at‘. missed from the service. An R. A. F. alrcraftman has been fined 4150 at Boumemouth for careless talk.- London Sunday Chronicle.

New federal regulntluns provldc Ihlt H permit must be obtained to employ more than one domestic rer- vnnt 1r: my one household, the mo; b91113 to provide help for women with young children and restrict the demands on the labor market of those maintaining large estnbmh. ments. says The ‘Australian News-

tter. But so many women h; s transferred to wsr work that hep ls scarce and servants offering choose the easiest situation. Bul. letin of the Queensland Bureau of Industry complains the r latjqm have missed their mark an the re- sult is that "leisured women are movfdlns Jobs for leisured :19. mestlcs."

Ch ie. 0 t fLut , . landffisd tfiglllaesst olaughon 5351i

Iomebvdv stripped his smlll allot- ment. The thie , in his hurry drop- ped the equivalent of 040, M '

that between her own achievements _

In u letter to Dana Wilgrcss, Min-

war work, by what reasoning can 1}

CI-IARLUITIYFOWN GUARDIAN

‘ YOU say, Mr. Evans, that you pui about $60 l Y"!

into life insurance premiums.

of your money.

~ Perhaps you've wondered sometimes what becomes If Canada is prevented by lack of

Titan's no sacral about IL Here's the story, Mr. Evsnu

THE assets held by

life insurance companies in

Canada are the common property of yourself and f0“!

million other Canadian

men and women.

These assets certainly get around.

Some of them have built docks in the Mariiimes.

Some of them have built grain elevators onflantiiriefl-

'

Some of them have ne into highway building on

the Pacific Coast.

For three yous, now, most of them have gone to wsr.

i‘ A 1r IS coon cmznusuir ro own LIFE INSURANCE

YOU also have a shun in Victory, Mr. Evans.

Your insurance companies have put a large percent- age of your premium dollars into Victory Bonds [or yo u.

They have lust bought 160 [million dollars worth o! ihefflfhwiciory Loan . . . making a total of 600 million dollars invested in these bondr-because they know that you and everybody also in Canada believes ihat Victory is the immediate business of the whole nation.

Protection is the people's own business.

You, and four million other 6o ing in the security that only lcfory will bring.

We hope you have bought some bonds, too. Worth holding on lo, uen'i ihcy?

This massage is sponsored by Life Insurance, Companies In Canada

Bombed Capitals

(By The Cuudlcn Press) ‘With the bombing of Home, i5 European capitals have been aub- Ject to air raids since Hitler invad- ed Poland Sept. 1 1939. Names oi the cities. and the dates on which they were first b0mbed:— Warsaw-Sept. l, 1939 HelslnkL-Nov. 80. 1989. Osl0—Aprl1 26, 1940. Brussels-May i0, i940, Paris-June 3, 1940. London-Aug. 1'1, 1940. Berlin-Aug. 31, 1940.

W88

‘File harbor district of Athens. capital of Greece, was bombed by the Axis March 14, 1942, but no bombs were reported to have been dropped in tJhe city proper.