1.1690“ THE G UARD IAN

hazardous to discourage thought, hope and imagination; that fear breeds repression; that

l Morning Dally (Founded la l!!!)

Authorised an tleaond Claea llall, Poet Office Department, Ottawa. l

The Ielnnd Guardian Publishing Co. Idltor and Managing I‘ , J. ll. Burnett-

Auaclate Editor, Frank Walker.

"The Strongest Memory i; Weaker Than , the Weakest lnk."

CHARLOTTETOWN, WEDNESDAY, OCT. 27. 1948 lllere liuards Together

The announcement by Sir Osbert Sitwell, ‘on arriving in New York from London, that he in- tended visiting his friend the Governor General of Canada, elicits the following interesting com- ment from the Ottawa Journal: "

Twenty-five years ago Sir Osbert and Lord Alexander (neither then bearing a title) were iunior officers in the Brigade of Guards and intimate friends. They both served in World War l, and then their ways parted. Sitwell found a career in literature and the arts; Alexander went on to become one of a small group of men who saved the world in World War ll.

Sir Osbert is writing his autobiography, and most critics agree that these five volumes are great literature and destined to be classics. l-n bls third volume "Great Morning", Sir Osbert has a dedication to his "friend and contem- porary" the Governor General of Canada whom he calls "the greatestest soldier Britain has produced since Wellington."

Sir Osbert wrote that back in l9l3 his friend Alex was "a charming and elegant young man" who had "a seriousness underlying his geiety of disposition", and he gave his readers this delightful picture from those pleasant pre- war times: "l remember many long walks back to Wellington Barracks late at night in his (Alexander's) company, from some dance or sup- per party...wearing broad-braided black trous- ers, white waistcoats, starched shirts and white ties, white kid gloves, with a white carnation or gardenia in the buttonhole of our coats, and carrying gold or tortoise-shell-top Malacca canes. Such was the convention and, strange as it seems now in the shabby, broken-down London of ta- day, we walked for miles clad in this manner."

Of these two elegant young officers one has become "the greatest soldier Britain has pro- duced since Wellington", the other a writer of rare quality and charm. They will have much to talk about when they meet in Ottawa.

Exchange 0f Teachers

Canadian school teachers who go on ex- change to Britain and other Commonwealth countries and to the United States are trying to get income tax exemption for travel expenses and living costs while away. Under reasonably com- parable circumstances, expenses of this kind incurred by business and professional men are classed as tax exempt. So far, the Canadian teachers have met with no success.

American teachers, notes the Financial Post, are permitted to make such deductions and those from Britain are given a tax-free grant of $300 by the U. K. Ministry of Education to encourage such travel, but so far the Canadian Government has resisted representations made for teachers from Canada.

These teachers (this year 4i have gone to Britain, eight to South Africa, seven to the United States) pay their own travelling expenses to and from the exchange country and support themselves on their regular salary during the year they are away. They are chosen carefully on the basis of their special qualifications as teachers and more important as Canadians who by their profession can make a distinctive con- tribution in promoting greater international un- derstanding. .

ln both the United Kingdom and the United States, the government has taken official action to encourage this exchange system and to insure that participating teachers did not suffer too much financially. In Canada, the Dominion Gov- ernment has no official interest in education, since this field by the terms of the B.N.A. Act is the direct concern of the Provinces. But that does not prevent it from taking part in a matter such as international exchange teaching, which has value for the country as a whole. As things stand, these teachers are being penalized for the extensive and valuable contribution they arc making toward the better understanding of this Dominion in other countries and the broadening influence they are later to pass on to their own pupils, Canada's citizens of tomorrow

e

Freedom

Rarely have the principles of freedom in a democracy been stated more cogently than by Mr. Justice Brandeis of the Supreme Court of the United States, in a judgment given some years ago and quoted in a mainland exchange as being applicable to both Canada and the United States in the present period of strain and con- fusion.

"Those who won our independence," said Mr. lustice Brandeis, "believed that the final end of the State was to make men free to develop their faculties; and that in its government the delib- erative forces should prevail over the arbitrary. They valued liberty both as an end and as a moans. They believed liberty to be the secret of happiness, and courage to be the secret of lib- arty. They believed that freedom to think as you will and to speak as you think are indis- pensable la the discovery and spread of political truth; that without free speech and assembly, discussion would be futile; that with them, dis- euslian affords ordinarily adequate protection ageihst the dissemination of noxious doctrine; that the greatest menace to freedom is_ on inert people; that public discussion is a political duty; I thbt this should be a fundamental principle of’ e American Government. _

$11.“ recognized the risks to which all hiiilan institutions are subject. lut theylnew fir‘ order cannot be secured merely through

re... breeds hate; that hate rnenaces stable government; that the path of safety lies in the opportunity to discuss freely supposed grievances and proposed remedies; and that the fitting remedy for evil counsels is good ones.

"Believing in the power of reason as applied through public discussion, they eschewed silence coerced by law—the argument of force in its worst form. Recognizing the occasional tyrannies of governing majorities, they amended the con- stitution so that free speech and assembly should be guaranteed." l

~ EDITORIAL NOTES

ii.

Death of Brutus at Philippi 42, B. C.

q

The busiest department of Provincial Gov- ernment at present is that of Public Health, which is developing plans for an all round pub-

lic medical service. k

e vi

Nose-blowing is safe according to the New York Times. A U. S. naval doctor who observed 30,000 submariners exposed to varying pressure found that only one got an ear infection al- though about 90 ‘peicen: had a cold.

The authority of Parliament to impose ren- tal controls is being challenged in Ontario in county court proceedings. Such a decision can certainly not be left there. The appropriate action would seem to be a reference by Ottawa to the Supreme Court of Canada.

k 1| ‘k iv

The new steel-making process hinted at by by Premier Duplessis may vell be the most im- portant discovery of the year. A process which cuts smelting time from twenty-four hours to half an hour should certainly cause a stir in a steel starved world.

I W I

Of course, the proposed change in the City business tax, if it attains its objective, in- crea§ed revenue for the City Council, will have to be paid by the consumer who ultimate- ly shoulders all the burdens of taxation by whatsoever means they are imposed.

.. . . a

The Air Service party led by Mr. B. B. Campbell on its l2,000 mile inspection tour of Canada's air defences will have had a unique opportunity to observe this country from coast to coast and should be the best informed group on current conditions that one could hope to find,

O i I I

As already noted, the decision to furnish "Green Gables" as an early lsland farm home and to display there the famous author's manu- scripts and other mementos is warmly applaud- ed by our readers. A great deal of our history has been lost for want of effort to preserve it, but the museum at Cavendish should do much to preserve what remains.

R * it

Since the Statute of Westminster,‘l93l, the Commonwealth has legally been an associa- tion of equal Dominions, the United Kingdom being on the same footing as the rest. As a result of the conference of Prime Ministers that equality is now to be translated into act, so that Britain will no longer be expected to bear the burden of defence as a matter of

COlllSé.

I I I I

Captain James Cook, English navigator, born this date i728. He entered the Royal Navy in i755, and four years later commanded a ship in the squadron sent to the Gulf of St. Law- rence, and distinguished himself in the oper- ations against Quebec. Later he was given com- mand of three important scientific expeditions, and his journal and scientific records are among the most entertaining annals of discovery and scientific investigation ever published. i

I i * l‘

With the approach of Hallowe'en it is well for parents to remember that misconduct of children is largely their responsibility. There is no desire to curtail innocent merriment on this occasion, but the children should be warned against com- mitting acts of vandalism in any shape or form. The police have been instructed to see that the law is strictly enforced, and our citizens generally should do everything possible to assist them in

this respect.

w w w

ln this connection it is also announced that the British lron and Steel Research Association has succeeded in developing a new method which is claimed to be a world lead in the sphere of steel technology. lt has been known for about l70 years by scientists in the steel laboratories that oxygen can be used to pro- duce higher temperatures more efficiently, but it was not until now that British scientists, after long years of research, succeeded in putting this theory fully into practice. The advantages claimed for the new British method are, among others, the increase of output by 50 per cent, the making of higher quality steel, and the use of a greater percentage of scrap.

Q i I I

The election of Hon. L. B. Pearson, Minister of External Affairs, may well be the beginning of a policy long in vogue in Britain of having specially politically trained young men returned to Parliament. There a youth having political ambitions takes a course in economics and other kindred subjects, becomes attached un- paid as private secretary to some Minister, or enters one or other of the departments of the Civil Service for training in administration. Thereafter, having a practical knowledge of notional public affairs, he finds an opportunity to run for election, and if he wins, is on the high road to success. His experience marks him as a man who "knows whereof he speaks". Thhnearos‘ approach to this we have had hitherto ls Prime Minister King who began as a student of economics, passing on to a per-

iod of training as an assistant to the Labor

puIlflIlIntifor-litsinlnctlon; that it is Minister. i»

for:

GUARDIAN

CHARLOTTETOWN .

Tnisns A ‘air-i- wi-tici-t WILL 6€Aiz $0M coonmc in THE

WlTtl THE PROVINCES

NOW BEING OFFERED

QENT CONTQOL. TOO.

mic-c

uoesc‘

WORK

Who first. invented work. bound the free

And holiday rejoicing spirit. down To the ever-hauntlng lmportunlty Of buslllcss ln the green fields, and the lo\vn—

To plough, loom, nn-vll, and oh! most sad, To that dry drudgery at the deskks dead wood?

Who but the Being unblest, alien from good, Sabbathless Satan! unglnd

Task ever plies; burnings. round and round ably reel-

For wrath divine hath made hlm like o wheel-

In that dread realm from are no returnlngs; Where tolling, and ever and aye

He, rind his llrouahts. slve working-day.

—-Char1es Lamb.

and spade-

he who his

‘mid rotatory That lricalcul- which turmolllng.

keep pen-

_.___.-_--——-—-—

Old Charlottetown

(And P. E. I.) By an Act of the General As- sembly of Prince Edward Island, passed May 7, 1827, it. became law- ful for any parent. 0r Zflflfdlflfl i" bind out as an apprentice "any child of any age, as an indented

APPBENTICESHIP ACT

or, or other." for a period not. ex- ceeding the time when such op- preritlce should attain the age of twenty-one years. Any infant of the age of twelve years might be lawfully indented by his or her- consent, if such infant had no parent or guardian within the country. Any infant receiving pur- ish rellef, as u pauper, of any age. could be indented by two Justices of the Peace.

In the case of an indented ap- prentice desertlng the service of

Apprentice to return to his or her service and on (allure so to do, to

until he or she shall return to his or l\(‘l‘ blaster or Mistress. and ful- ill the conditions of the Indent- ure."

ln the case of any master or mistress maltreatlng or ill-using nn apprentice, the law was more lenient. It provided merely that "it shall be‘ lawful for any two Justices of the Peace, an proof of such ill treatment, either to ord- er the Master or Mistress of such Apprentice to amend till or her conduct, or ln their discretion to order that. the sold Apprentice should be discharged from any further service, and the Indenture to be cancelled."

Any person willfully harboring an apprentice desertlng his or her master or mlstresfs service, haw- ever, "knowing hlm or her to be such, shall be liable to a fine of Five Pounds on proof thereof, to be recovered by any one of Majesty's Justices of the Peace."

Tho Age-Old Story

D

When thou peeeotls through the watera. I will he with thee. and through the rivers, they shall not overflow thee: when thou walkeet through the flre. thou elsalt not be hurried; neither ahell the flame kindle upon thee. For I ern the Loril thy (lod, the Holy One of Israel, thy Saviour.

TWO WAY COMMUNICATION ‘Fwo-woy risdlo telephone com- munication between planes and

I930.

A Red Fighter

(Newsweek) lri his 43 years Robert W. Keyser- I llngk has managed to see a greatl

deal of the world. Descerided from, Latvian-Lithuanian nobility and the, son of ll count who was an officer ‘in the Imperial Russian Navy, he‘ ‘was born iri St. Petersburg in the‘ time of the czurs. After his fam-' ily fled the revolution he got his learly schooling in Japan and his; ,college education in British Col-; ~umbin and Zurich. Joinlng~ the' lUnited Press in 1930, he saw three‘ years of service in half a dozenl European capitals. For the last ten years he has lived ln Canada as managing director of British United Press and has come to be consider- ,ed one of the dominion‘: ablest ‘newsman. On Holy Saturday, 1945, Keyser- lingk was received into the Cath- olic Church ln Canada. In May that year he journeyed to Rome, had an interview with the Pope, and returned to Canada convinced ,of the necessity for Christian act- 'ion to oppose Communism. Along Jhase lilies he was associated with‘ Palm Publishers Press Service, which arranged publication of Igor Gouzenkds revelations of Sov- iet Espionage, in Canada as "This \Vas My Choice" and ln the United States us “The Iron Curtain." On July 1 Keyserlingk will go a

w,-oo<@oo<@oo<§oo@o- PUBLIC FDRUM l

<-

Q Thla column ls open to the discussion by correspondents of questions of interest. The Guardian does not necessar-

. lly endorse the opinion of correspondents.

l@oo@>oo@oo-Q>oo§ooa

SASKATCHEWAN ANI) CANCER CONTROL

Sin-In your newspaper issue of the 23rd inst, I notice under the heading "Government Appoint- ments" that a fine young man af Charlottetown, Dr. Temple Hooper, has been selected for n two years’ course in specialized cancer study at the University in Saskatoon.

After such vltrlollc denunciation of the CCF democratic socialists during the last provincial election campaign by _Premler Jones and his Attorney-General and also by Premier Stuart. Garson of Manitoba at. the Charlottetown Hotel recent- ly, one can scarcely credit the Government's present action.

These much denounced Democra- tic Socialists of Saskatchewan have at. their Provincial University the most advanced and the most up-to- date Cancer g Reseatch» set-up in

step further. Ile is resigning from BUP to become president of Cam- pion Press, Ltd" of Montreal be- cause, as he wrote U were betraying an opportunity to fight. on my side lf l refused." new Catholic lay venture that also hopes to enter radlo arid

p chgef Hughlpart of September last. Dr. O. H. Baillie, "I \V0llld feel as though 1 iworwlck oi the Canadian Cancer

A iof the Saskatchewan executive of lthe Canadian Cancer Society other |Reglnn made the following state- flelds, Campion Press prlmarlly.ment:

Canada. ls this alone not. an out- standing accomplishment? Furthermore, during the latter Instltutefli-l addressing a meeting in

"Saskatchewan and Sweden

servant, to any tradesmen or farm-'

his or tier muster or mistress. “then ' it. shall and may be lawful for any‘ Justice of the Peace to order such_

commit such Apprentice to prison."

ground stations was established ltl-

- Notes By The Way .

A motor trip with some people la prevent people making fools o] just one bang-up time after an- themselves. But, at least they can other. -— Edmonton Journal. be warned of the danger tn boln

a fool. The number of llvea lasl annually through sheer silliness-i including many traffic accidenta- ndds up fast. In most eases, who" more than one person in involved, there is remorse. But remorsl restores no llvea. —- Windsor Stu,

A smart farmer will take a step at o time instead of attempting to leap to the top of the ladder ln one jump, All farms are constantly ln need of some major improvement. - - - The old moral "don't. bite off more than you can chew" still holds good-Ternlskamlng (Ont) Speak- er.

"Girls who wear blue have that; minds on men." says a column“; This also applies to the great maj- ority of girls wearing any of m. other primary colors or any ting or shades within the visible color spgctrum. — Klngstorg Whig-Stand. ar .

Sixty - two - year - olil Mrs. Ellen Coleman, of Brlerley Hill, Stafford- shlre, England, who has worked as a brlckmaker at the Stourbrldge works of Harris and Pearson for 46 years. makes 400 firebrlcks for high temperature furnaces a day. She has eight children and ten grandchildren. —- UK Information Office. I '

The present la not a time ti" higher taxation. But the Canadian government has Increased the taxes on a class of men least able to bear the added burden. It. has with. drawn a directive which exempted persons from paying income tax on the rental value of their homes. The estimated rental value now be. merit. furnishes a ready-slumped, ‘Curries part. of their income for fax- neatly printed rectangle of high Bilfln purposes. The Christian quality cardboard, reudy for writ.- ClWW-‘h (1095 H09- pay its servants lng, and carries it through uie Wvll- With llvlni com as at pres- eomplex syateni ofassenibly and rent. many ministers simply exist. delivery, which ls generally accept- lThQY Shmlld I10! have to bear the ed ns a mutter of course. The ‘additional burden which this new cost of each curd, from beginning luxfllm" will Place "P0" them. -- to end of the process, is 2.6 cents. T°l'°"l°‘DflilY 51H!‘-

Each sale of a postal card means a I loss of 160 per cent. H New York l Herald Tribune.

The penny postal card. awarding to Postmaster General Donaldson, is a remarkable value. For one cent the United States Govern-

Tlse hazards of bumper-to-bump- er driving, especially at. fast spends _ ,on' heavily-traveled arteries, is du.

What with Nun-riiunuiunirs 1r wrlcd by o safety engineer alter l public holidays compared with Can- l survey of situations that lead to adds seven, the school children a Bllwmflbile accidents. It ll point- thul ancient colony are hardly eri- ed °lll m" "- l! l ¢°mm°n P1’!!!- thused over its becoming the 10th l 11¢?) flllhflllgh R dlnlérflufl 0M. to province of this Dominion. These lrflvcl "1 R £10011 Clip behind another are Newfoundlunds liolldayrs: New C“- I" addition m the Pumb" 0i year's pa)“ Burns; Day‘ s,’ Pub lreur-end collisions caused by sudden nick's Day, St. George's Day, Good - swim l’! u“? C" fir" l" line. there Friday, Empire Day, King's birth-J’ great dallfi" if "N! Car ahead day’ Discovery Day (June 24)’ Megshould be involved in an accident mortal Day (July 1), Orongemon’: 1b?’ belllg SldPSWlPQd 01' hlvlng a Day, Regmm Day, v4 Day, Lubordire blow out. Thousands do this Day, October 1. Armistice Day, “cry Pay» giving mile W008i)! to Christmas Diiy and Boxing Day ‘he dire 795"“! ma!» 08h follow. (December 26). -- Kitchener" Itec- In [he lmere“! 01 "WW, motorists any should guard against this common driving fault. — Kitchener-Waterloo Experimental night flights are bo- l Rcmrd- ing made in Britain by helicopters working on the delivery and col- lection of mails. Those tests fol- low the success of trials made a short time ago on the daylight car- riage of mulls by helicopter. Ex-

RevHDr. J. S. Bonnoll, formerly of Winnipeg and now of New York City, has u suggestion to help C“. ado get better results from the of. perlmentg are bglng made by the forts being made to conserve Am- British European Airv/riys Corpor- lvrlveo dollors- The clergyman sar- atlon in conjunction with Post ‘i110 much American money drifts Office. During the [an {our into channels that do not bring it months helicopters have made 100 Pvenluolly t0 the proper goal. If deliveries and collections over a Amerlfllnl entering Canada de- range of 270 mlleg, on [hrgg M. |clare their American funds and ex- caslons only were ‘flights hohlnri lvhfllllfld lhelr dollars into Canadian scheduled time, Frodnrlr-ion dollars at designated places, none of Gleaner. z the money would drift. The money