*lshot

c:._1:>A,,1_..‘yI.}

' 1

l _ NRI!

CANADA. isArUs`oAv, 1 lions 7, 19.3 ` s{,.s,‘,`e.- iw- ...el , - i i‘

.-, _ ` -,~-:_ - Eff.-._ I -XT. _,_

In moving the second reading of ‘dsquate for the construction of u` eenlmsnt that i gy U »

. ‘ ' . il -

the Naval Aid bill in the Senate. H011 fleet unit, which was regarded at the for the most ponweifiiig vsgiifl “deign in Tris; I::xl;1al;)guC,;eat,Z;d a “wa J. A. nouzueea ure sovernrnent time -n England, and ey tn r i- - _ ” U" ‘”“' lender, “im » J _ mr wink the mm t _ H use ami sary a war would involve such risks pire which, previous_to 1393 eonnl

This is ii bill providing that t B r __ - ‘_ .

0 . .

there may be paid and applied out an

of the consolidated revenue fund f d Canada, a sum not excesdlng,thirty-

Eirositrlou or ri-is .ci jerieiicrucv. ,Ann How EME

if 1 iii Louu-HEED oil Ni\v1iL 0uEs'rLoN

" A \ " ‘ I .F ‘ v ~

r - an - i ~ . ‘_ ._ ',__: au” \,__“~' 4 t_.s s 4

cvennusurs rarity snows in ELoo_uEr_ii rsiuoes, Gnu-: time nscsssuv ron me

resrici occiisiorien our si=_Li= respect i>ieiiiu‘iuui mine lu sniiua ALL iimsu 1

iciiriiibis G n G '

sc in osnada, s as to rnnke uw; p0n,¢,,»~g own Bu not have been anticipated It does

hperleeéislfi that lglanada could have p emncy doubtful not necessarily follow that between

pon w due regard to her Germany and Great Britain there

ignity -and sell~resi>ect_ The sa- Evinswoss or AN i~;MnnGuNov_ must be iiostiie remions to rouue

raltv gave its best edviee ee f .~ 1 ” °_’

five million- dollars for the purpose as the construe” n I hi ii 5 riva ry in the building of conipeti

212;.

erned, but it was Obvious that such states of the triple alliance, namely mands of the sea from Great Britain. sciwnie was not §`eKi1l'ded as an Austria and Italy. We know of tba Nations are but uggregations of indi- iqilisiféon to imperial naval defense. withdrawal of the Mediterranean Viduals, and the same feelings and is in lfmitlf must URW impressed squadron from that seo. for coiicentra- laws of. rivalry that produce in indi- self upon the late government, ln; tion ln home tvntem In 1902_ were viduals un emulation to overcome smuch as having received tenders were one hundred and sixty British each other have their reflex in na-` r the construction of the ships vessels on the oversee stneions, tions This is brought about by those

0 _ . _

g0vernm__m_c0“ncn at the dmposal of b l'll1€B¢i0H. no action had been taken against seventy-six of toda _ 'flint is fixed laws in human nature common

nnvsl forces of the Empire. It pro- c poses that this sum shall be need and

gnvernordn-council, in the coustfuc- T tion of battleship!! 01' i1i`m0“"€d “mis” if, ers of the most modern and powerful a

type; that the ships -when constructed ‘t .uni equipped shall he pieced by the i

applied under the direction ol the 3'

His Maiesty for the common defense c

they shall be subject to such terms, .m conditions and arrangements as may in

be agreed upon between the'gover~ Q nor-in-council and His Majesty S 80V" it ernment, thus giving '10 til!! €0"'9"D` e ment of Canada the control of the t

entire sublect. p porn political parties in Canada un- b

til the year 1909, seem to have been c iuiiiuerent to seriously cntorius Oli 8 gin; question of naval defense, havlngvt been so enEI‘0ssed with tim d'="'e‘°P* c ment of the natural resources, public d works and the internal trade of our eouiitry that no public interest was taken in the question. It_ was not until 1909, that the parliament of tlnnadu made any pronouncement 1 upon our obligations to enter ul10“ 0-`

. _ g

system of naval defense. This action m

is undoubtedly attributable to the d met of nnvsl defense in Eiigiiiiid |19-V‘ h ing become a much more serious ‘l“BS‘ d tion than it had before_ assumed. u when the German Naval bill of 1898 n was passed, European attention was A

in 1909 and the years immediately ,

only Great Britain - but other Euro- C penn powers awakened to the fact B that Gsrmsnv~=.imi._cntlincd _thc °f‘ ,1 ganization of a navy lialoiilili'-H1 ai- ,, some time to dispute the si1l>1`0Yl\Bi°Y p of the.eeas with-Great Britain. Pub- b ue sentiment, psrticulnrly in Give* S Brltnin, became so aroused as to this

_ m

situation that at the imperial confer- u

ence in 1907, particular stress was B

ie than the statesmaflallip they GX- of the adiniralt author ti s of ucli remnc then as su 'e e

y i e s P y. , i ly as th sun

ibitcd when they gave it birth, This facts as are necessary on the sub- will rise on the morrow must there 6D&I'i-ure from the program decided ject and manifestly cannot be disclos- he ii conflict bctwccn those two great DOH by th” 'late government was ed, but of which they must be thc powers. This is tho inevitable opera- Ot at 1111 BQBDEC. and found its par- rlepository. The nrt of diplomacy und tion of a fixed law of two great

llel in the German Naval Bill. Th' t t ft (1 l _ ' E f ' t' ~ - t _

not serio“s\y arous@, and the Dx-2: latter was passed in 1898 d 13 B B. 8 CI`8 all BED UHBKO \l'l lll`0])8 Ol‘C€B ill ml) 10|] lil CUl\V0\'gll’lg 0 gram therein outlined was alllillfen p

ly n comparatively modest M10. UW, W

ggduiiif,;’V§gg£‘°;‘£n;’€rg&’;g9- It” girl); f;:iHi1Yt{ that over eighty yof these 'trol indiyidiiugs as well as to nations.

- ii ac s Ds ave :een with rawn from the e ex rnor iuary growth and devel-

0i the E“‘i’iF°» “M “'h°“ 5° plawd' i seems ripliafilflf- that thi’ govern- overseas stations to add to the fleet opment of the German empire since

ent abandoned the idea of proceed- now stationed in thc home waters, its war with Franco in lR70_ ,is with- g with the scheme which it had We see the German fleet strong as it out precedent in the history of the volvcd inasmuch as the experts of is today, massed in full permanent world. The expansion of its popula- he department charged with the commission in the North sen, We tion, of its manufacturers, of its arrying out of the scheme reported likewise have in the home water prac- trade. and of its world-wide influence, hat if the construction had been tically the whole of the British fleet, demand an outflow which can only be P00505” With. the Ships W0iil<i have und all these engines of destruction secured through the strength of its 9°” 05591956 by U10 time Of their in a state uf war. In addition to arms. on land, und of its ships on ompletion. The scheme was anneiuic this, wc have practically every snip- the sea. Geographicnlly, Germany is nd destitute in its constitution of ynrd in Europe running day and more handicapped than any nation in he fron and blood which must evcr night in ` building ships of war for Eurove. It is the last of the great h_aracterlze_the fighting uuvy. lt this armngeddon of the sea, which powers to have cmnc upon thc thea- ied of inanition. cannot be far distant. These are the ter of empire buiidiiig, only to find

outward and visible evidences of that the other powers, and particu-

AN ABANDONED SCHEME. nn"‘cmergency" that we have to fuce. lurly Great Britain, have practically

ln addition to this mass of evi- absorbed in their march of conquest

It is not with unfriendly Oi' Guilt- dence, powerful as it is, we havc‘and achievement those great stretch- OU9 criticism that I Hill’ the into what even trizuscnds the volume of vs of continent, today so coveted by overnment exhibited more states- facts which I have pointed out, Gcrmnuy. Should Grunt Britain du- anship when they permitted it to namely, the knowledge and opinions part from. its triidition of naval su

. BH Di”0~ is such thatit is difficult for one na- wards each other with studied rapid-

osed a program of naval defence tion to conceal from another the sec- ity.

Teh WHS Dgactipallg abandoned iu rets of the state. No more sutisfac- AN 0M1N0llS l’REAMBl.i~l

' _ le “Z 9° U1 CB Y charted fr i t - 'l l ld l uir il tb _

following. P’°§"“i‘mlh°°;';'5n?1‘;t\:‘e‘ almost the second year froriimghart fifiigi tizlxit Grhhfjegiritlhin tlhlf w,I,?;c`,’,mI “hp:,m‘s",lu°i,?\§t‘lm;T;"f1“t 2° larscd an °'°fi<““ date. Up to 1912, over uve ti- .i ~ t~ - l - ' iuii- “ " "" ""“ ' ‘ W “ .°" so nliirmihgiy increased' that not ing bills have been inh.0d“cednmfm]~_ _ny m B Him ’;g»"ver.y nervedm )k). ‘ served that the pi‘eiiiii.blc of tlic (rer-

_ » lull lfig lip Eifif IlPl`6ilBlilK, all mtl lily; \ 1 H I _ _

1 . _ _ _ _ man naval nw may inip ici y. ie ton

v-ly departing from the original sinorent its nee: to meet s .uisiu Hmm, as ,, ,,,,,,,,,,m0 ,

chem and thus invol_ved,srectieai:_vni ii..._.i -nererv ust shortly- - - ‘ '7 ° W” y an 'iinieudin`é`nt' of'tl1e` former in! colnfe. Tumors, ohtigei? avert from f§;§'"’t (',;i§';wB-’1t“i""“he preamble Uterine “Pon an expansion and ex- those outward and visahle signs ,.13 as d t B' t t G t d enditure that had not origiiiall in \ 1 1, nlnte,-1 one the stat-,n~`i n °r er ° pm ec "man ra 0

ee ~t t i , Y W ‘H “ve D ‘_ ' . and commerce under existing condi

fi °“_er ri ned. It is, therefore not ments of the admiralty authorities - . . . `

urprizing that when the late govern- alone should 'be"ac'c`ép`ted by Canada :;1°:;;’iy°n‘yGer§:fn;h:§st ;';2B;‘;m°°1;

_ . . .

nigtoilexigiimttnzf signal mi tthe aut- ima any” nie selitgihvelglnnfniiioleiiihi "‘*m" “ee” °‘ “““h ““"“g“‘ “mi i 9 ' ° ° 9 ses' 10"” “N mm" rover 1 "_ even for the most powerful naval nd- on of 1 10 was abandoned. When jest of "emergency " This hill pro-

faiil “DOH thi’ “°°'-“Buy °f °°`°p°r“' this scheme was being discussed be ' ‘ ' i uifici ntly ‘versary a “mr www mvolve Buch

tion by the overseas dominions with mm li t "@0995 m“k“‘5 p“_“"B °“ 5 e . risks as to make that power’s own,

the imperlsl admiralty. Even at that B conference, Canade.‘s representat ves ,_ uiseourssed any hope ei osneds per- tyclnnting in any sense, and did not t

P81' “mv” . thc thou 0PP0Ei¢i0il large for the building of three capi- supremac doubtful For this pm,

trongly opposed the scheme for the if tl t t y time be re- . .y '

ease” than get forth. égllesd ip); Ciznaciiil sivmullmanuest ‘_ea_ pgse is not ahsolzutfglly I (;1eceli=;isari’ The present prime minister was sons it is imposstme to construct ttat e (réilrman flee s ou e as hen leading the opposition and no th . h_ _ time within our Own s rong as lat of the greatest uavnl

hesitate to so pronounce themselves, policy was more clear; deliiiild th we B ms m ii e,,_ Power, for, as n rule, u great naval

_ Y _ HH country so as to meet t ,e emerg . - , -

l t b 1909-public sentiment in Csp - _ power will not be in a pos tion to IU Y that W-hicii he laid before the house ey which is the fundamental princi, C ncentr t H .t ,om i Bt

ada had so increased, and become! so 1 intensified as to result in the dec ar- t

house of commons. Bild reading “B d

foliowsi... under the emu, th’ f Shortest Posfibe "ne" ‘ultimately make herself equal to

~"riiie house iuuv recognizes *iw e uuty or the people of Cfmade- “B e they increase in numbers and wealth. t

mans that had arisen and that Y 1 t, press the intention of Germany

n 1910. and which in brief was inet ,ng or ure ein. it is impereuve inet “ " ” i S en neu n

he scheme thenlhefore arli t ' b l `lt here “ ' .

ation and i'==°l“*i°““ PM” “Y ‘he inadequate and unsuitgfi realm: :Eggs :grips Egouigoneirutlttd inw tire N0 '““g“f‘g° °9“‘d ”’°’° P""“‘*' ef

' O

1 gency at Med the I *lm “Wm” “mt that which has Great Britain on the sea This being

mp re he proposed that a siibstan- .1 H m,ergency" by ' _ isl contribution should be made to giinagnghsltrceauthhritics, by the im-‘ tlfwccasea ‘f,'h‘:,fhBl;°“:i Hifi tcm ;‘,?“t“(;‘f he imperial government' and fur- penal government by the press of 3 dana a' a B 0 8 e “ _

to assume in large measure the re- ther’ that if in the B ro' cm 1 _ _ _ f 1 bu 1 ,on 'itu e of all the self-goveming dom SP0i1Bibiiiti°B 01 national demnse' tions he ,came into giiieea hémwgiilcd gre? Bgtggsgniiimihiggs dogg “not "mms beymd the sea? Are these

The house is of Opinion that under commit hi I » _ in t 0 U e_ ' dominions, Canada, Australia, New

the present constitutional relations t between the mother country. H115 ti” D self-governing dominions. U15 U“Y` W

ti-lnutlons to the imperial treasury for naval and military ll\il'D09°°' W°“? not, so far as Canada is concerns . bathe most satisfactory solution of

CLEARLY DEFINED POLICY. of the guns, the tearing noise of A

rl li ll, nd swish of the tor-

In the general elections of Scptem- :,233 Billie irish thi colliding ships and It is estimated that Great Britam

they would want to hear the boominil 8

urnish a fleet for the defense of

_ msel to sn emergenc co li f ergency enter- , _ . “button being made' and toy tae ingeigtadt bi; ills: (pppgsexlé of this bm_ siealand, South Africa and India. t romulgstion of a permanent policy, To satisfy them that there is an em- P

, hieh. before its adoption be .would the would require rivsl

t 1 nl r and periodical con- ' » ci'E¢i1‘=Y. Y f

men o res a submit to the electorate. fleets to be in the line of battle, empire’ of which We an form B D

ely upon the forty-five millions eollle in the United Kingdom,

s much as the people of Great B in? '

of to

this

art rit-

the question of gefensgi U Www O, ber, 1911, there was no plank in the the ggonieed ery of the wounded, wlill\e:pci::irydi‘iirfitr;7g iflileosgrgiuiuouylgzr TM 1101150 Wi ‘mr 5 Y 9' conservative platform more clearly ‘ tn this would satisfy ° n ’ m' `

expenditure designed N0li\1iii!_1‘*59 ““ To keep pace with the expending pro-

any necessary defined than that laid down by the the cm-pn-lg critics of an emergency. gram of Germany as wen M thnt of

to promote the speedy Ofziiiiizlli-i°“ of n Canadian naval service in co- operation with and in close relni=i°i\ to

present prime minister, and consti-‘ m ig 1; ny that when the ad~i ' tutlng the policy which the govern- m§.21t§.em,tn?n-lsties charged with the,;‘;gf;`i‘;l‘;';‘;c3”1y'ifl;‘;;'E;fl"ti;‘fpent£f ment is now pursuing, and which is staggering resl>0iiSibiiity of protect- H '

the imi>°fi=1_=1°"Y»°‘°“¢ th” _“W eoai ui uu nu1.'rn teitua r - u tu t it moans. *“‘”" W’ ""““'“'“Y '““'° .*"."" S\1RZ0Bi9d'bY “N immiraity “t \th° :hh coiiaseriilstives party Wea: as eight;-' this emmm and lfut toa the entlrvmade' This is “ ra” in the bmldmg

last imperial conference, and in hill sympathy with the 'view that the naval supremacy of Britain ii *Sim*

tial to the security of commerce, the be 1911 th ‘md ‘ t t _ . _ temgently, errnsny won ave none of it I safety Of W0 °‘“l’“'° “mi "‘° "°“°° °' §ne;'toclr 'steps P31? 8 impiehight tree toiierhhi-:i;ns'IiiE0 can m £232 euiielr nndhinhmhisgaatt Birisigixi

' ‘ B B 0 8

The house exllrelllip its firm con- P10520 he had given to parliament in 'a minimum This was answered by

the world. F

victiou that whenever' the ,need arises ine onssaisn people will M i°“““

_ - t only io “Sf i t t

ly defined upon this subject as their :;;,1d ,ay there is an emergency, °;;;I:“';?“t:9o6b°é:';§’ B&_';’€l;’i“ g“;‘;_

policy upon the question of recipro- : ' t i ing every .effort in Pre- D ` D city. Upon coming into office in Oct- ;£,‘.l,,,¥aff?rni1tn then no patriotic sub- g°“°d “ "°d“‘i:‘ii°,;‘ i“ *“"“”“‘°““' bat

1910, and which we have right to say f THE SINE QUA NON ' _ was ‘!'P9r°v°d by thi’ °l°°t°‘°°"° m ' iEifdmgirgherali?eiggyhlilopltilonplolfgraihl the general election of 1911. Immed- There cnn he no two opiiiions that. d t d t i

ready and willing tbdnake any sscri- i tl th I I th 8, i t i t lm naval crease armsmen s e erm ned upon "ca that is ,angina tg give ,to the ‘;°1Y91i;ponmee»<;;:¢; onlnhetezes ax; for the emp_;‘e c§mi;i';;l\d8;i} the Beamiby Italy and Austria. Great Britain

imnerisl authoritiail, the :most loyal and hearty co-operation ln- every movement for the maintenance of the ‘ integrity and honor-gf the empire.

_supfem-“CDH 1 5 _ cannot. therefore rely upon any

three of his minlsters,,witli a view that she will have to build up an1l,r di “muon , MVA, expenditure but

. i i ‘ii “ f ,

§€.“':“:..:f;z*‘i:‘.°§s°f€.J§.i§”° iii °:::s’.‘:.‘...‘ff»» er sown upon this snbiectl proceeded zoftiie triple eiiien'ee), ss to place hcr”“'°f,° ‘QL “‘°,"°“,‘“."“ °‘”,°‘;‘“h“‘°°' bi 1'

111 D“\`l“"_5“°° °ftm‘ 'um 5°v°mm°m' 'f3lngls.nd,'.snd took up with the ad- ‘defeat beyond all human probability. 7°* 7 ° 9 "3 "mg V0 D as ee"

1 Forms sdnnun. .

, _

of the dev* me imveiisa to inrrned- ri neon o ui dren it, ui riuee _ s e one nr<>\>e\>ie_ ““°° ° ° "‘ ' “ ieeeiy steers- me seaoe is ,I ,,,,,,,,,,.’,,,,,f §,.,,,,, '{,,’,,“,‘f.,,,,'§,,,,,,. f"m'§,‘§f,,,§f§,f ,,,,,,§,’,,‘§“i.,,,, of i.. steer crm Irrrnnnsrs 'Ar srixn

°ni'ryins-iiitc e`l1lii5i1ii>f \\°"°\. anne on nsvai defense requirements ‘win-ee the seeurizy or the empire- Under these grave conditions, eosT`

i had by Great Britain, and yet

mirslty authorities the consideration At th present time it is estimated "3" _i of the whole liihihct, $ he promilud by tht; B,-.nigh ndmiralty that tho 32:1°x£t?%°m‘;f$h°n°':=lr° is ';:;§_`

parliament todo. The situation Bl minimum factor of safety would be, Y 1 Shu t _ai iw B DDB

defense for Gnu ll. “nil ¢°°°\“““!lY prepared by the sdmirsity for.-the whieifmeess the security of Canada- nitrous meeting me entire empire, is

i “ _ l

lil 1909; 611180511 r \‘°\lf¢l°i\*f°'-i'°°»` government of Canada, dated Dooom- 1, dependent upon the maintenance ofgoansdz to stand idly by as e specta-l

0 _

`fi¥iY-Y`to our internal development

BDJOYH On the ocean's highway is equal to the security enjoyed by Great Britain. In other words, the security of life and prosperity within Canada und the security of ner tr-nile on every sea are as real, as perman- ent. uiiii as abiding as if Canada possessed the command of the sea in. stead of Great Britain! No foreign power would any more think ol in- t

RNS FWEEL HUMILIMED AND _ASHHMED AT SENBTES DECISION.

to repudiate those obligations which

will hold our self-respect, the Wm.. _drawai from the empire, to winei, I believe it is her destiny to belong. It may he iissunied with thc greatest _confidence that thc determination of |Canada is to rcxnnin within the em- pire. It may be further assumed that ithere is no public sentiment iii thc community wurranting nn n1\,n,,¢,,. ion that Cunudii is considriiiigg the

vadlng or attaching Canada, or evenifiU6Sti0ri of iniicpeiidencc. We may, threatening or attacking her trade'therei'ore, further assume that the upon the highways of the seas, tbanipremises so luiil down us to (‘niuii|n's they would threaten or attack Grcatiintentiou to rcniuiu with the cmpiru

Britain. This sense of security we is so basic that we, tborciorc, have

have accepted and enjoyed cvcr since t we have been part of e ciiiilre 'ii

thought of pa.rtfcipatiug in, or con-'e tributing to its cause. Hence it is, that we in (lanada within the lust n

0 build upon that foiimiiitimi the uperstriicture of our imfluriiil destiny

vb i .

without seriously entcrtiriniiig tlie'uo part of the empire and nil that it

ntuils. Having arriviui at that stage of 8.ti0l'\ii.l growth, iiiilmrtunco mill cmi-`

[ew years, have awakened from ourlfidence, :ind having iletsriiiiiied that

dreams of security without defense at o

our own cost, to the necessity of ip

we shall adopt for the protection und

l (‘ANAlJA’i~l lild-WPONSIBILITIES. n

flnnniia, tiiroiigli n process of,pnrticipu.te

growtlf, has rcaclied that stage of defense. lt is iilininit unnecessary tu

the opponents ei tins ein. 'rue amend-

not exceeded by ‘HW P90916 iii ‘the'sl1e is logililllly and nationally ex- mont moved Ii ‘il Wi

W0F1d. 'P110 Bcwrity which our trudelpected to assume, must menu if we to this bill miiy ire Misfit! g;am:|::

iibcrnl policy upon this ,question. 'rim Uliilositiuii to the hill cannot be on tilt Krouud of the expenrlignre whkh the bill proposes to make, inaaniuch as the amendment which calls for the building of two fleet ,units, one to in stationed on thc Atlantic, and one on the Pacific, would mean an original expenditure far exceeding that inv01v_ eu in the present niii. in uuuition to this consideration there is the coat, ‘if iliwifiillg and maintenance, whlgh in thc immediate future would fur. ther involve a doubling of the ex. peuditiirc. The carrying out of sueli l*i`0Krnm must admittedly mean a ‘|*f|“.Y Ui years that would preclude BU'~'il 1lCi€i`iui by (hiiiuda being of any

‘_""""i‘f“ fl’ iii” liiilllirc in theimuied- inte future. -

i<'i.oirr~"riNu .i»iini.Io suN'ri1uEN'r.

ur destiny is to be within the cm-I

ire, the question of participiitiiii: in 'mill ‘i“0HUi"ri of “@1llf~‘¥`gL’iiCY" Under

dealing with the largest question imperial ilcfciisc iiccomcs piwaniouiit, which we todiiy have to face; that uf and its solution as n problem is

the system of naval defense which imperative. ,

If the self-govcrriiiig parts of the

integrity of our interests. empire are satisfied that thcir iles-

iuy lies within the c|iipir'c, tlicii otliing is more manifest than that heir duty in this cincrgeiicy is to

iii ii syi-item of common

ill-if-iifillli l`05i>Ui\Hi\>iiitY iii Wiiifiii Bile fiirtlicr enlarge upon thc proposition

the cnipire. and with such growth t

.sponsibilities of ii national chnrncterin

as much a part of the empire asfd

ed in the development of the different a parts of the empire. Their develop- n

our growth and prosperity. We are in as much interested in the command- 1

affecting the empire tb felt in t Canada. The loyalty and patriot-ism i, nnd fenfty to the crown existing in p

the administration of imperial iii

suppress the self-governing dominions D

onial possessions which today ¢0f’9h‘

have developed into self-governing dominions_ exercising within their respective boundaries the some sover- eign rights, powers and freedom of,

Britnin exercise within their owul kingdom. At no time, within recent years, has there been a general dc- mand on the part of the self-govcru~, ing possessions \iD_0il the D“f°“t` state, to concede a right in lZ0"€"\'i ment which has not been granted to, them, and the assertion may be con-|

quest on the part of the neitiscveru- ing possessions were made to the' parliament of Great Britain to give ns n voice in the councils of the em-I pire, that request would be granted- to the full extent of thc demand'

wiueu might be nisue. ‘ As Canada and the other sclf-gov- erning dominions occupy the status! in the empire which I have thus briefly outlined, the further question) spines ss to what our attitude must: néneggai-ily be in thc growth of our national affairs with respect to the empire. With the rapidly growing population of Canada, with its wealth of natural resources, with the devel-‘ opment of its national wealth, and with a consciousness that we stand upon the threshold of having to de- termine through the great develop- ment of those factors which I have pointed out, what

government that the Dwiile 0f Great t

. ' Y

fldently made that if today. H re’ least expensive upon the participants.

has become ii self-i.:ovei'niiig part uf that ii common and ci>i»|it-riitivc sys-

cni of naval llvfciisi- is not only ner-

liiis i'exiclicil that position when re- ossiiry, but irnpcmtivrx '|‘lwrc will

ot be luimd any uiitliority on niivul

must DP iiSHUmcll by ber- CB!!-will is tactics who will pronounce in fiivor of

istinctly separate national fleets,

Great Britain herself. We are interest The imveriai gnvnmmrrng, the ,,dm;r_

ity authorities, and all writers cn aval tactics agree in common on

ment reflects correspondingly \ip0ii`that all important sub cct. This is

ecoming more apparent cvcry day in uropcnn ivaters. We fiml today the

inf: importance and fate -of the em- British fleet and the German fleet pirc ns Great Britain herself. There practically massed in the North Scsi.

ls no deeper interest fel in tho iirif.-.( |-r-ng llritniu has fuiiiill ii. iiurcsi-:iii-yi ish Isle on any impii Mill lll1¢!Hi»l°" to witlidriiw irriirit of lici- flcvf. fro~_n

such ii policy would thus be denied and ignored, und this is essentially the feature of the present bill, and PFC-elrninently the subject, which Can- ada is cnllcd upon at the present m0_ ment to cuiiiiidcr. Assuming that such a Dfilrifuni as that outlined by the Luiiricr amciidmeiit is adopted it at once means tliut Uaiiada sotl at: “““ght» ""l- 011|? British sentiment but the iii-liberate views of the gd: uliralty L-xpmsseil tu the government, of Ciuiiidii at the time of the gravegt crisis which has arisen iii the naval history of Great lirituiii for the last one hundred years. It meant that we fiiiliilt public sentiment in Great Brit- ain, and the deliberate views of the imperial government at B tlmg when it W B'1l`Hi“ii1H every nerve financial and moral to meet a condition in E“\‘0Pe that she has never been onli. eil upon heretofore to fnce, and vnhlghp, if she sncceasfiiliy confronts, may not arise ngulii for il generation.

ls Uiiiiiiiin |ii‘npiii~ed to assume this

respoiisifiiiity? is sho re nr

_ _ P, _P ed to set

ic Mciiitcirniienn iinil from thc nnviil\_iip her ollliiitin will Judgment upon a

asia in the outlying parts of the eni- ire. It is recognized beyond nil cun-

Canadn are as great as Will be f0““d troversy that the next great nnvnl in any part of the empire- _ ibattlc will bc one of concentrated sen

Truc. we have not thc Home VON” power between the natioiis eiiizageiln

nil will-rein will be iimssed practi-

in i ‘ n fairs ns Great Britain, riotwit\\stnn<i~ cally the full strengtli of the rival ing that our sentimental interests BFS fleets. In the face of the document, equally great- Yet "0“'l-‘0ffiCiP{"|lnid upon the table to which I have tion in the Cviirifriis Of the Ompife lslreferred, prcpnred by thc ndniiralty not owing to any reluctance on the authorities, this point is made pcr- Purt of Great Britain to <ifill'ilfe_ °r|fectly cleiir iiiul to iittcnipt to dc-

art from n system of common und

from thus having a voice in the em- eo-operative defense for thc entire cm-, _ plre’s councils, but rather as a loizi-ypire, would be nothing short of sac- reject ii modest contribution of ships cal outcome of_ the cV0\l1U0“I “t'\"d,rificing the very cxistepcc of the em-such as that involved in the bill, growth of British institutions. n c pi,e_ /and _ to enter upon n program of first liiace the parent state had to ble ` 1 ` ` V ` ` ` ` ` ` iliiiiiilfill lip ii navy for ourselves. sufficiently strong I0 80111-life U10 C0_' THE ONLY El<l<luL\'l‘I\l<. Dial* LN( lu. which nilmittcdly must take years to

his question of contribution is our hat has ncvcr been urged by (vrciit Britain upon the self-governing iioni nnnns (heerfiilly have thc defenses of he cmpirc been borne by Great Brit aiu licrscll, und not until thc pnssugc,

ost important of all imperial sub-I

jects been thrust by its very necessity upon the attention of the self-govern- ing dominions. If ri common defense is the only effective system of de- fense so must it necessaril be thc

The maintenance of separate national defenses by the self-governing domin- ions, entirely apart from the weak- ness and infirmity of such a system, must necessarily involve the maxi- mum of expense and the minimum of security. If a scheme of co-operation were promulgated throughout the empire by which its different parts should participate in n common sys- tem of naval defense commensurate with the ability of each part, or even leaving it voluntary with each part, the moral effect of such n response to a common system of defense would

uiieutluu or imperial unvai defense, at ii time when no other authorita- tive voice should be heard than that of the ndmiralty authority of the British government? Is Canada pre- pared to say that notwithstanding the representations of the imperial ndmiralty made to us, that notwith- standing the serious menace which threatens the supremacy of the Brit- ish fleet, and thereby the existence of the cmplrc, tha,t we in Canada, in ds- finnce of this mass of evidence and of imperial sentiment, are prepared to

do, niiil then when built would be

tutc the emPir€~ 'H1059 li055e“5i0“5 If, thcrcforc, in niiviil tactics thc futilc und hopeless against any or naturally in tilpii' i“fH“°¥- WW" de'|dcfcnse of the empire should bc' u;e\'er_v naval power that would be Dviliivnli “U0” the Parent *‘tf‘t’5_~ ‘md system common to thc entire cmpirc,,foiinil within reach of our coasts, looked entirely £0 Gfeflii B\`1t“‘“ mrlthen the corollary of this is indisput-'either on the Atlantic or the pn,¢lf|¢',> their admiuistraf-i0¥i Mid de[e“°e° able that such a system shoblil be Against what power could such a. Through n series of SCHKSB 0"maintaineil at the cost of the em- navy prevail? To meet what power growth, many of these posscssiohslml-e, and not alone of Great l3ritain.,do we dream of building such a navy?

T _ __ . _ A ,

_ ` c 0

f - ' _ _ ' - r *

Would such n. navy guard Cannqng ousts against the fleets of any f he lturopean powers, much less that of Japan, or of the United States? No navy which Canada can build for a generation to come could serious-

f the Gcrmnn naval bill has this‘ly think of entering upon nn engage-

ment with any of the naval fleets of today.

ANNOUNCING 'SE1l‘|ARATION. '

The consideration then presents lt- sc-lf_ that if Canada refuses to ans- wer the appeal of Great Britain, or to show any sympathic sentiment to meet the naval crisis now pending, she no longer with any self-respect can look to the empire for naval de- fense. Having adopted this spirit and policy of separate action and of de- fiance to the representations and the sentiment of Great Britain, Canada thereafter must assume the entire re- sponsibility of ber own navel defense. She can no longer invoke the sea powers of Grout in-itsin on the hizli seas. She can no longer sunk mon the stron nrm of the Bfitilil

` f K

not only be startling amongst thc'nnvy to protect her trade routes. She

the most effective blow that could bc

race in the ' building of armaments

are engaged. 1

powers of the world, but would bc can no longer have any claim whet-

soever upon that navy thilt i1B9b°°“

struck to bring to an end the mad supreme on the seas from the days of

Trafalgar down to the present tfmm

in which today all the great powers In other words, -Canada absolutely

se aretes herself from

i ' mom!" ind ir pwhich have protect

C da ld t k t r,th bieso omP 6 'T

0"' “"ti°“°1 “ti-“'“d° m““" ontgiirutloncgg imlp(;riarilacoens£:>liii:ic3ioen 'edebeiz Sho deliberately adopf-I A

be within this empire of which we th t had tn i l tin 1 oliey which cannot be otherwise con- are an integral part. It is iinnscess- ia :Engng (nf fgewsnyairixtepifrnlghl 1;? it: :buried than ii separation from those

ary to elaborate upon the proposition

Milli! f-B6 _their ' \\i*f.°Y" °_l Yililitm lber. 1912. Mr.-v Loiighsed. read - fi t by Great Britain; and ‘tor w lie the fleet of Great Britain ~ .°°’““‘°“ ““‘"“ °°'°“°° °f the °m"h`°'

and tba' minister-2lif._msr~iue and. fish-. tial extractdvfrcm the \_;n_i_iinorsn,=um. ?;lr°1\1‘n; this, the security which ‘ we ‘ie thus being called upon to strain ell g:tpS:::f°|,fKn¢:;mé:gf°,;1at?§§‘i‘g 9"” B'“'“i“' fs,” sh; '°“;‘:: fzglzgtnrgztigzly inzite but practically nn-

Th* Fin* iii *U0 NU ‘b°f°" ‘i' 1’ itodsv enfoy in Canada. mlm* bf’ P"°` its “°‘“'°°9't0 m°l“¢°il1 i-U0 intel”-Y the empire that she his done in the m the papers W C av? ial ste fri nuance DGPHIFB'-i°“ "`°m 9"” mit'

fh°m|°l_ in \E°¢l°.'¥g ‘"5 mil *M09 an “emorg_"\ii'ey" grant. This questi0n~`p,,;~eionetely lessened. of the empire? These are eonuitions`pa'st. She has arrived at the cross :;:m'§' gen “kg e ;§;:e|em gills them r vropolitionfll -to *het Cen- of ,emcréenev is one with widen it il, we seve before us. pieced cn the sneezing censor so seriously ,,,,,,,,, when ,M mm ,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Q, ,_` e ire# on, an . dommoh to

erica. attended, to..-_thc sdsnirhlty su-

sda proposédfto db. The principal mwhat ,nmvmlt to dual. °"`U\l‘£° tabl f arlisment s memorandum ” the, ,nm gmt Britain 0,. _ Y W upon the self-governing

I ‘ge opponents to such agrsnbprspti- on Segal pdefense rehuirements pi'°',jany other part of the empire, and ;'g` minnzg, \,::::1‘:|';“,»\:g“;,tg,i:B :Es Ei" recnnmou *O this

iilllfliif-i°‘1¢ ».W.I°".'m5/P§\'0l¢. _U tshngithe position thet_-,this pm-ed by the admiraitv for the 80" our material interests demand that mm m. *_ re nu.” -thou om, 91° Whml I h‘“'°

t° W R"`b°h"»'°‘ 5” 'WU' `- 5h°“1‘l' \’° 5°" ind ernment of Canada- 'Phil i! In 0U‘|“ws shall at once take an attitude. tion; M59 P muhunp” hi h \ KT *mi “° put °' tm in they piss. It ecniui not be said with eseemeda L ` ' eisi aeeuneee eeeune :ei-ei. :sets uses this quest 1 i,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,"'§,°m ,,,,m,,';,°, °“,` “rd '° bi' ‘°“"°"°;“ es

assure- ei um 'senate vu-tim its

wine-,

quail- i

for- ,

to iid Qi ' . fiiili’-ill! PW" genus) f /ll which it is bslid which cannot be zsinsaid. as to the! 'rife fundamental cause of 0snada's c d h mn" W“"d m°V°'”°“" It’

_ _ y V -, _ _ Mfon. V _

°f- _*nil if I-not to mai imo 'a.3§»*t§ ` ie. "ii ir f the German filet ‘erm develoe est 1, i e “" ° “° "°"°" " ‘°" "‘° “°" °’“"` we D°mii=*°" *° “V *’l*.\°°*V`°°°“|f*‘°'*'- ‘*'*{‘aalll\iil'=` _'ig Gv"fi:ln;:P¢\i:l;;l§t:;2ts2i°:iff.er§oir»§ Tis 'ailpmiou rfeistéen th? °1,i\pi=‘e :ng tviflrobntig 'eii=i::n':iA`;:ni:i‘i°e Wm M in ivhi-2120;" shuts;

~ . ~. r ' ._ ___>gres.tcnt\`-.fi at-lisl sv hoeu'~.=.,'b\\lit Q fin y of the av _ fi _queu van ages that w o ' ` ' `

fu the protlcfd oui‘i'i`indc¢` one 0 T50 JN* 398 eandmtiie uve ennctmeuts which +i,¢|~en-nm The "surrey wines as-znfmi 1 mm DESTINYI

of _L politics own cout!-

f _ _-J' r " 3.- - ».- W ~- _ . . ` ‘ ' _

"liilfiill: _ slid. interests; cinblisrot-the sm Bill. as have since been passed. both expend- joy-gym the interference of outside

lift' ellrisflioat, iiislresl.iic~cc_»-ring use eeeeiersung the original l>§\‘°f pow _ _kivcf a nermiineney _and e fr, 34,, '

H.,

Pt this latter position, vis.,

pi-opoiindsd by

51 l te eats which should be her

imperl I? hu reject this bill you

pin. Canada to maintain her ¢elf-re- spwt, ‘ her dignity and her pride. mm say in expressed terms to Great

oiit,iiBri`tein hereafter, that having in the

time of necessity refused to answer your cali, we propose to defend our- selves, and our pride compels us to ebsolve you from any lense of duty

em-ion your part, or expectation on ours its to extend to Canada hereafter the

help and prestige of protection and defense by the empire. It Canada Bif0pts such s policy as that now,

(Continued 'g,n_ps¢_¢ egg ) ~ _ _