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PAGE FOUR

inl: GIIARLOTTETOWII GUARDIAN

Prssiam-wjcherirr s. uenure, u. r.

Vlce-Prealdenl-J. ll. Buracit

Secretary-Lienb-(Jol. D. A. ilacliinuuu. ll 3- U- ‘. Editor and Managing Director-J. it. Burnett

Associate Editors-Frank

Walknr aud f). K. Uurrla

<-- c,

.L Morning Dally (founded 1987) $5.00 per year (in_ advance) delivered. _) 14.50 per year (in advance) mailed in Canada and United Slates. ",' ADVIITIBING IIPRIDESTATIVIS

l. UNITED STATES-The Beckwlth Special Agency lnc. New York Central ', Building. New York City, General llotora Building Deiro t_ Interstate Billia-

lug. Ka sas City_

Building, St. Louis: Gfldtlulirlihkifildnlu;

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Syndicate Trust hfolladnock Building Sari

Francisco: 1135 ho, 65th Street, Philadelphia

Morning Maxim

Some people look upon marriage as a sort of endurance teat.

SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 19, 1932

MR. KING'S DISLOYALTY

Our local contemporary evident- '_ F; dire: kiwi wish to have it believed Ithat Ir. Mackenzie King meant ' what he said when he declared the ‘issue between Conservatives ‘Liberals m be allegiance to His Britannic Majesty. Yet that is the only logical interpretation of the distinction Mr. King draws be- itween the expressions “Common- 'wealth" and "Empire." The Con- servatives. he states, wants an Em- pire with imperial policies under an imperial sovereignty. He, Mr. Mackenzie King, wants a “common- "wealth" composed of nations "free in their sovereign rights, free with _I'B5p6Ct to fiscal policies and. all v other matters." He wants, in other rwords, the “freedom" which goes pvith complete irresponsibility from _~-the obligations involved in Empire icitizenship, including necessarily ‘lthe obligati-n of a“ -' t0 the .Crown which is the symbol of Ern- Lgiire unity and the fount of its Lauthority. _ ‘ Mr. King ~ be shielded, as {our contemporary attempts to shield him, behind the Statute of flvestmixlster which puts legislative _-;sa.nction upon the term "The Brit- {ish Empire as s community of na- eltzions"; because Mr. King specific- zfally does not believe in the exist- Lience of the British Empire. 'I'llat, '01s says, is what the Conservatives "hre seeking to "create." Any anadian school child could have -to1d Mr. King that the British Empire was established long before I e became notorious in politics. fand it will survive long after Mr. King is deservedly forgotten. Mr. Ifzng himself must be visited. by ‘s-rne such thoughts on Empire may! Yet he declares from his seat tin the Parliament of Canada and on Vhls authority as leader of His Maj- lesty‘: Loyal Opposition, that the issue between his party and the supporters of the Bennett Govern- znlent "has become one of Com- monwealth or Empire." Not only jrloes Mr. King say this, but ‘(his local press apologist in this bun-civics quotes his statement with approval and introduces it with the alssurance that it represents "the Liberal atiitude" and sums up the klifference between the- two parties In Canada.

We repeat that we are loath to believe the Opposition leaders dis- Ziioyal utterance 1n any way repre- bents the attitude of the Liberal party, It represents merely the at- titude of Mr. Mackenzie King, and, seemingly, of cur local contempor- 01'!’-

' OUR TRADE BALANCE

Canada's trade balance at the close of the fiscal year 1931-32 showed a credit balance of 89,061,- 000 according to an analysis of fig- Iures compiled by the Dominion Bureau of Statistics. This shows a substantial increase compared with the previous year, when a debit balance of 899,075,000‘ occurred. The Dominion! trade balances in the ‘discal year were favourable with Europe, Asia, Africa and Oceania KAustl-alla, New Zealsnd. Fiji, Oth- ‘or Oceania), but were unfavourable ywith North and South America. In Europe, Canada's credit balance amounted to $85,032,000 in 1914, ‘Increased t0 $420,710,000 in mo, but declined t0 $05,300,000 in ma, ‘owing largely to the decrease in llhe Dominlons grain exports, es- lpecially wheat. This country's trade balance in 1932 was unfavourable ‘with only three countries of inl- Igiortance in Europe, viz, Caecho- Slovakia. Germany and Bwltaer- land.

l A debit trade balance with Asia, fimountlng i0 $8,119,000 in 1914, was Converted into a credit balance ofy

and-

$9,755,000 in 1932. This notable in- crease was due principally to trade with Japan and Chins, the trade balance with Japan lnueasing from a debit balance of $1,015,000 to a credit balance of $10,587,000, and trade with China from a debit balance of $440,000 to a. credit bal- ance of 82,311,000.

The credit trade balance with Oceania decreased in the eighteen years from 1914 to 1932 from $2,- 603,000 to $720,000. This is account- ed for by the decrease in the trade balance with Australia which drop- ped from acredit balance of $3,993,- 000 in 1914 to a. debit balance of $307,000 in 1932. Trade with New Zealand, however, increased in the same period from a debit balance of $1,256,000 t0 a. credit balance of $2,848,000.

Trade with Africa in 1914 showed a credit balance of $3,459,000. This substantial balance increased. by i032 u: $4,031,000. the largest 1n- crease in trade balance being with British South Africa, the credit balance with that country increas- ing from $3,358,000 in 1914 to $4,- 079,000 in i932.

An unfavourable trade balance with North America has continued since 1882, amounting at the close of the past fiscal year to 892,765,000, due principally to a heavy debit balance with the United States. This debit balance with the United States amounted to $219,354,000 in 1914, increased to $346,745 000 in 1929 and dropped t0'$l0'1,336,000 in 1982.

‘The debit balance with South America, amounting to $8,348,000 in 1932, was due to unfavourable trade balances with Brazil, British Gui- ana, Colombia and Perle’; favourable trade balances being maintained with all other South American re- publics. An unfavourable trade bai- ance with Argentina amounting in 1914 to $468,000, was converted into a. credit balance of $1,741,000 m 1932.

nus EMPIRE s. 011.4 WA

The Detiincss of‘ the Oppositon criticism in this country against the Imperial Conference agreements is seen in its true llsht in contrast with the followng illuminating summing up of the situation by'that great organ oi‘ British opinion, the Inndon Times: ,

"In all the debates and discussions in the" British and Domin’on Par- llamenw." says The T'mes,‘“there has nowhere been tlfdsllghtest at- tempt io claim that the Conference h“ elltlbll-ihed a perfect system ol conomlc cooperation, capable by itself of lifting the countries of the Empire out of the depression in which they are struggling. It has been TQC-Ofllllud everywhere that all that could be done was to make a. “liming; to lay a foundation on which succeedi ,, conferences could build; above all to arrest the tend- ency towards economic nationalism and high tariffs and to set up n tendency in the opposite djggtjgrp That, it is cIalmed-and rightly Ollfmeib-lhe Conference has achiev- ed. The whole course of the Empire- wide discussion has gone w establish that claim, and to show that, what- ever their imperfections, the new schedules, the new tariff agreements, and the new arrangements for co- operation do provide new opportun- ities for the farmers, the mnnufgc- turers, and the traders of the Em- pireE and that, properly used, these new opportunities w.ll help them to face their present difficulties and will become lncreasingiyvaluaifc as trade revives and population in- creasu.

"ft is remarkable that, whereas in tflfl’ cliuntry and in Canada the Conference is blamed for not doing enough to promote freer trade-

even-in some ae-aettlqgamneu-ob- W) WIM-

THE CHARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAN

stables-in Australia and in NW Zealand the criticism is all thc other way. 1n the two great Sautllcrn Dcminons the Labour Party and same of the manufacturing interests are opposing the agreements on the ground that they make too great a breach in the tariff walls under the shciter of which the secondary in- dustries have reached their present development, and that moreover they commit the Dominion Govern- ments to a drastic change in the principles on when their tariff policy has hitherto been based. The com- mon sense of the New Zealsnd Parliament has decisively rejected the motion in which‘ that criticism was expressed." _ Concluding The Times 58151 “I11 the Dominion debates- the whole emphasis has been la’d on the con- viction that in future British indust- ries aflected by any revision of tariff rates will be given a full opportunity to put their ease before an impartial tribunal and will be able to appeal to the prnclples regulating tariff policy which have been laid down in the agreements. As for the at-

iemps that have been made in all these debates to question the con-

stitutional propriety of commitments restricting the freedom of future Parliaments in matters of tariff policy, Sir John Simon has demolish- ed that objection in the House of Commons so conclusively that no one in this country is likely to give it any more serious attention. Any agreement between independent Governments implies a voluntary re- striction of freedom of action which. if the agreement is to have any stability, must be binding on future Governments and future Parlia- ments. A trade agreement implies a restriction on the tariff-making pow- ers of those accepting it—just as a dsarmament agreement implies‘ a. restriction on the right to create and maintain armaments which have been voluntarily and mutually renounced or limited. No cooperation is possible in any field unless those who take part in it agree to some restriction of ther freedom of action. Finally it has been argued in the Canadian, as in the Britsh, Parliament that these tariff agree- ments between the nations of the British Empire may impede the concluson of more general agree- ments for the restoration of world trade. But the predominant view- and it is surely the common-sense view-has been that nothing would ever be clone to revive trade if 1i were made to wait upon a world- wide agre'e'm'ént. A beginning had to be made, and no better beginnng could bemade than between the members of the British Common- wealth of Nations. They cannot, even if they would. be an exclusive corporation; but a solid quarter of the population of the world can make a powerful contribution to the recovery of the whole."

EDITORIAL NOTES

1n asking for an early dissolu- tion of Parliament, notes an ex- changefMr. King obviously hopes the depression will last till the next electoral appeal. Out of touch again. Every sane Canadian, not partisan-blinded. hopes the depres- sion will disappear loxlg before the next election which may not be held for nearly three years. '

The chief enemies of tile workers and farmers of Canada. today are those politicians and newspaper writers who persistently misrepresent the Empire trade agreements and try to discourage our producers and exporters from taking advantage of the extensive preferred markets obtained for them in Great Britain and other parts of thc Bmpre.

The key to better times is more buying. This, in a nutshell, is the message conveyed in the campaign to buy pl ‘uced-in-Canada goods to which reference is made in an advertisement in today's Guardian. Increased purchases from the re- tailer react favorably upon thc wholesaler and the producer of raw materials, and the result is increas- ed ordcrs for replacement of goods “will!!! employment for hundreds of thousands of people. The time is opportune dor s campaign of this kind, as goods of all kinds are be- lfll offered today at lower prices than may prevail for many years

- sympathy."

IIUIES BY THE WAY

One of the unmapped regions of thc brain ma)‘ be a While“ T9091“ ing set. An cng llccr in Poland claims to be able to receive certain wave lengths without apparatus. An ac- count says: "Scientists have exam- ined him, and say that some un- explainable make up of his brain enable; him to hear without any receiving set. He gets the full pro- gram of thc Lodz station in Poland whenever it is on the air. But he owns no radio.

One fifth of our imports in 1926 were agricultural products. Since Canadals sugar imports come 1518*‘ ly‘fr0m the West Indies and other Empire; countries, since an increas- ing proportion of our fruits come from the same source and there is also a tendency to increase the amount of calmed fruit from Aus- tralia and south Africa; with bev- erages from Scotland, rubber from British Malaya, cocoa. from the British West Indies and the Gold Coast, and maize from South Africa, there is little need to so ioui-iide the Empire except possibly for coffee and tobacco.

European slatemen who get to- gether in tllc hope of reducing arm- aments are treatng sympivms. 11°‘ the cause. The real task for Europe l'es in revising tile Treaties of Ver-

settlc down tranquilly under a dis- pensation ordained by the uztorsi but justice could be dcrlc by an as- scmbly in whch combatants and neutrals combined to modify and alter the lilies so roughly and hast- ily drawn in 1919.

The indirect way of electing a

President is one of the vurlvsli-lfl

of thc United States Constitution

and system of government, and re-

veals the ideas cf the foundinfl

fathers, and. the evils which the!’ sought to guard against. They were by no means the thoroughgoing democrats generally supposed. They did he: believe that the people themselves were competent to choose wisely when it came to electing a President. Therefore, they deprived them, or thought they deprived them. of the right to exercise this franchise. The idea. was that for the task of choosing a. President the voters should be the wisest men in the nation, with the mob excluded. But since to have appointive elec- tors of a President would be the same thing as having an appointive President, there had to be some concession lo the people at large, and so tlicy were deemed fit t0 choose the men who should choose the President if not fit themselves to choose him.

In discussing the advantages gain- ed by the cattle raising industry of this country through the trade agreement between Canada and Great Britain stress has been laid upon the e"xport trade. There is an- other rmportant feature which has received less attention. In return for the removal cf the embargo in the British market Canada. will lessen the restrictions on the importation of pedigreed cattle from the United Kingdom. British pedigreed cattle have a. world-wide reputation. They are required in Canada for the im- provement of domestic stock. ‘This reciprocal arrangement will, there- fore, be of double advantage to the Canadian cattle raising industry.

The outstanding features of the German elections appear to be I. setback for Adolf Hiticr, the Fas- cist leader and the stormy pctrel of tile Republic, the disintergraf/on of many of the numerous political parties whose existence has made for chaotic conditions, and the strengthening of the parties sup- porting the Government. with Hit- ler eclipsed in h's efforts to emul- ate Mussolini and public opinion showing that small political factions are unwanted, Germany appears to be on the way towards a return to recovery from its domestic troubles.

There were 102 women among the candidates for the Senate, the House of Representatives and other offices, in the recent U. S. election, but comparatively few of them were elected. However as Mr. Roosevelt is credited with a "positive intention" to place a woman in his Cabinet, h’s affirmative action will create a pre- cedent which will enable the women to "point with pride" to a decidedly progressive iltPp in their cause.

Great Britain has again taken a lead toward seeking solution of the most pressing problem of the mom- ment, according to a press cable from London, by presenting a note to Washington on the question oi debts. And this was preceded by a speech in thc House of Commons by M}. Baldwin referring aptly to the spirit dominating the Ottawa Con- ference as necessary to s settlement of the major difflcultles confronting the world. "Patience. forbearance, he remarked, "and a

was:

80hr of

your:

Balance HCBIIIII- “D- ana nrqum, son‘. AND LIGHT nus-r

One 0t the inuovlh: thins! in illness is to have "the Phylltim Id‘ vise the faintly that the pfitlent needs a liquid dict, a soft diet. 0f P- light diet without giving any lur- ther directions in the matter. The whole thought on. the part of the physician is as that the patient is tired or weak, to give the P681111" heavy or solid food would be too much work for the body. Rest 18 what the body needs most.

What ls the liquid diet?

1t is nourishing feed, in easily digestible form, which is fed t0 m0 patient every two or three hours. Milk, cream soups, malted milk- cccoa, and raw eggs are the 1005i nourishing. Fruit Juices. melt

broths, thin gruels are chiefly of value for their flavor and in allay hunger and thirst, but furnish very little nourishment.

The semi-solid or soft diet is less bulky but has more food value. It is used when the patient has pass- ed through the severe or critical

5311165 and pg qh-ninon. It is not t0 part of his illness, and is on the be expected that the vanquished will road to recovery. The foods in the

soft or semi-solid diet are cereals (thoroughly cooked, with milk); eggs in any easily digested form—~ soft boiled, poached, scrambled or omelette; toast, thin crisped, or softened with milk or broth, served with cream sauce; egg or puree of mild ‘ ’ vegetable; simple des- serts-junket, custard, blanc mange, cereal puddings, ice cream, ices and sherbet-ts, fruit whips, and gelatin desserts; fruits-fruit juice, or pulp of mild cooked fruit (apple sauce.) The light diet consists of an or- dinary mixed diet from which all foods hard to digest are omitted. The foods suggested for the light diet are nutritious soups and sim- pie desserts; stewed fruits and mild flavored cooked vegetables; cereals; potatoes (baked or mashed); chop (broiled) or mast (beef or lamb.) Some easily digested extra nour-

meals (milk, egg nog, malted milk) and cod liver oil may also be given if needed. to build up after‘ the rec- ent illness.

The diet should also be laxative, and such as to promote intestinal hygiene. For all these reasons, milk cream, butter, eggs, bacon, olive oil fruits and vegetables (especially green vegetables) should be used liberally in the patient trying to acquire strength after an illness. - The above foods to use in the. fluid, the soft, and the light dict are suggested by Dr. Jean Bogert.

The Well Mixed. Earth

(New Yolk Herald-Tribune)

One of the most remarkable facts of geology is that a little of everything apparently exists in everything else. Gold cxisis not only in the sea. but in every rock that chemists have tested; even in soils and in plants thatwgrow on them. Tbxicoogists testing foods or wa- ters for traces of arsenic find these traces without difficulty. but also find their data meaningless, since a little arsenic, it has been proved, is present in everything. even in the air. It may be taken as proved that any chemical element recogni- zable by tests of sufficient delicacy can be found present, at least in tiny quantities, in any gas, liquid, mineral, vegetable or animal which nature provides. On this planet nothing is perfectly pure. Nothing is entirely absent from anything.

A MW B11818 on this universal mixture of the materials of the slobe has been supplied by studies of the isotopes. those twin or trip- let chemical elements which phy- slcal science has discovered. There exist, for example, twin varieties of oxygen, sufficiently different for physicists t0 distinguish the two atoms from each other but both al‘ke breathable and identically

sense of one anothci-‘s require- mcnts, we believe, laid the founda- tions leading to increased trade be- tween us-by lowering economic bar- riers." If this spirit prevailed all around the rest should be- com- paratively easy-Toronto Globe.

ishment may be given between,

-.\. * w;

family.

old age combs.

age of your Income.

pay after he is dead.

Lower Queen St.

THE STRANGE]!

There is a gleam along the river bend

That is not of the river; and within Each loveliness a stranger. Who . would win

The soul of beauty must forever spend

His all to count that stranger as a friend, ‘

His waltin, prince, his nearest care and kin,

Shaper and critic, maker, discip-

line,

His way and star, his Journey and its end.

For beauty is no other than the 800d '

Of all the world, claiming and ans- wering ~

Its want and wonder; often on the road

Unknown, and yet before its van- ishlng

So near, so still, so fond for all its sting,

Our hearts that burned within us understood.

—Warwlck Chlpman.

responsive to chemical tests. The other chief air gas, nitrogen, also eldsts,,.in twin forms, and Mr. George M. Murphy and Professor Harold C. Urey, of Columbia Ubi- versity, have just reported to the American Physical society s study of the relative abundance of the twin forms of these two gases in materials of very different origins, ranging from samples of modern air to some of an ncient lron and oxygen mineral formed, it is be- lieved, at least, 900,000,000 years ago. ‘The relative percentage of the atomic twins of each of these gas- es are identical in all samples; Whiuh 898111 seems to be strong evidence that something in the past history of the earth once mix- ed all of its substance together perfectly, like the constituents of a. well blended pudding. That mixing, too, must haye been almost infi- nitely oomplete, since even, the twin elements prcserv no primeval difference.