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"THURSDAY, DEC. 10, 1959. ~~ A Liberal Torpedo. >» According to a Canadian Press - geport in yesterday’s Guardian, the SE conal Liberal Federation’s ad- ‘visory coun¢il, sitting at Ottawa, has : ed a “unanimous” resolution fav- ering “early construction” of. the Chicnecto Canal to link the Bay of Fundy with the Gulf of St. Lawrence. It had, says the report, the “active

packing of Maritime delegates” but |

met with lukewarm reception from ‘the one man best qualified to pass bn opinion on such matters—the for-

yer Liberal Transport Minister, Mr. George Marler. He expressed hope »

that the council would not “commit itself in such definite terms.”

+ This advice ‘apparently went un-. heeded, and we now have the Liberal Party committed to indorsing this jhoary scheme into which no proper inquiry has yet been made, at a time when the holdup in the final report on our Northumberland Strait cause- way plans has been the subject of very strong_criticism by the Liberal leader in this Province.

Only the other day, in comment- ing on the fears expressed by The Guardian that the causeway report might ‘be delayed pending costly Surveys on the canal scheme, Mr. “Matheson said: “I never heard any- thing so ridiculous as the Chignecto

- *

ae >?

_ scheme. It is another of Mr. Wardell’s

:

~ and the Maritimes—you can imagine hhow Maritimers would go for that!” i Yet Mr. Matheson is a prominent delegate at the Liberal Federation meetings at Ottawa this week. We do not know whether he participated jn the advisory ‘council’s discussions; but surely his views must be known to all his colleagues, and it is astonish- ing that any delegate from this Province should have concurred— “over Mr. Marler’s well-taken object-

don—in the council's resolution. Nothing is said in the news report about our causeway project at all. And there’s the rub. As pointed out by a writer in Mr. Wardell’s magazine “some time ago, several big Maritime projects have been mentioned from time to time and it is unreasonable * to expect the Canadian economy to support at one time the huge capital expenditure involved in all of them. “So rather than dissipating the ef- forts it would seem to be in the best interests of the Maritime Pro- vinces if they agreed amongst them- selves to list these projects in order

- of priority.”

On this basis, the Liberal in-.

dorsation of the canal scheme could do us a lot of harm. If it were a pro- ject of benefit to the whole Maritimes, such as our. causeway, it would be different. But what would it do to Halifax, as a major shipping port? We, have that- answer already from Mr. Edmund Morris, one of the two Halifax membegs of Parliament, who Says that he will oppose it on the basis of present evidence. Maritimers, Mr. Morris argues, shvuuld work vigorously for regional projects which will benefit the entire area; and\ he mentioned particularly the Northumberland Strait causeway . a8 a project that “would fit tore .¢learly into the concept of regional projects satisfying the entire region.” He referred to the “widespread sus- . Picion” that the proposed canal would cause serious difficulties to the port

: and people of Halifax.

The worst, of this ill-advised cam- paign is that it comes after our causeway project had received in- dorsation at an Atlantic Premiers’ conference, by our Maritime Boards of Trade and by the Atlantic Pro-

~ yinces Economic Council. It seems

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deliberately aimed at “dissipating” our efforts at a time when unanimous support is most required. We venture to predict that in view of the well- Younded fears in Nova Scotia, the canal scheme will never materialize;

y well act as a dog-in-the- our hopes in this: Pro-

.

Lies eelesiy tid |

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| ter hurry back home before they get us into more trouble.

A Sound Investment

The Shaw Government is to be warmly commended on tbe attention it has been giving to our fisheries in- dustry. The latest announcement

‘from Fisheries Minister Rossiter, that the Island’s-dragger fleet will be increased by 40 per cent next year and: a long-liner also built, means that we are streamlining our activit- ies and ensuring the industry’s stability in the best manner possible.

This increase in our deep-sea fleet will be of particular benefit to in- dividual fishermen, for whom the packing company has waived a priority in order that they should get the first boats built. The scheme will bring to six the number of draggers approved since the Government took office in September. Total outlay for the three boats approved on Tuesday will be $150,000. The long-liner, designed as a multiple-purpose craft for lobster and mackerel seining as well as for cod, has had the active support of the North Rustico Fisher- men’s Co-operative.

It is no secret that the Govern- ment is extremely short of money, but we are glad that it is not adopt- ing a penny-wise pound-foolish policy with regard to our second most im- portant industry, vital both as a revenue producer and as a means of

,

able employment.

Encouraging Statement

“Reasonable confidence” in the immediate economic outlook, here and abroad, was expressed by Mr. Neil J. MacKinnon, president of the Can- adian Bank of Commerce, in his «annual addfess to the bank's share- holders, published in our columns yes- terday. Coming from an expert, this statement is reassuring. Mr. Mac- Kinnon made it clear, however, that much of our national income is based on export markets for natural and semi-processed products, and much of our industry depends ona small but growing domestic market. For the long term, Canadians must. closely observe the international . environ- ment, while creating a good business . climate at home.

The past year, he notes, has been marked by a rapid recovery from last year’s recessive phase. Gross National Product shows an increase of some 514 per cent on a constant dollar basis, as at the end of the second quarter; and it seems likeiy that the increase will continue through the balance of the year. Re- | flecting this uptrend has been the | bank’s own balance sheet, showing | a large increase both in loafs and personal savings deposits, as well as a strong liquid position with quick assets at 53.5 per cent of liabilities to the public.

* EDITORIAL NOTES

How nasty can this subversion business become? The Soviets are now complaining that visitors from capitalist countries “have not shrunk « from the attempted ideological seduction of Soviet children by -gifts of chewing gum.”

He bluntly told the Liberal con- vention at Ottawa that it can have any flag it wants for. Canada, but the old Red Ensign is going to stay the senior flag in Newfoundland as long as he’s head man.

Prime Minister Diefenbaker got quite a buildup at the Liberal Fed- eration convention. He was, described by Mr. Pickersgill as the “greatest unpaid television performer today,” and as a “myth” that would require an all-out Liberal effort to “debunk.” The ,ancients. made mythological figures out of their heroes, but only after they were dead. Mr. Diefen- baker has been orbited in this man- ner after only three years in office— and by his opponents at that!

Cheers for Premier Smallywod. |.

here, a topic raised as inevitably as the hell by the invasion of 2,000 Tories last week, and less than one-fifth of that number of Grits this week.

Why does it cost a political par- ty to hold an annual general meeting of the national advisory council, such as the Liberals held?

Many of the individual mem- bers pay ‘their own expenses; some are financed in part or in .whole by their local association or by senior organizations. To

cost could be nil. For although his home is at Oshawa, he. spends each week in Ottawa anyway as

him no more to walk to the Con: servative meeting ‘in the Chateau . Laurier than to walk to the De- partment of Labour in the Con- federation Building.

COST OF LONG TRAVEL

In contrast, Bus Matthews, M. P. for Nanaimo, has to travel to Vancouver, and then take a train ($183.40 return) and rent sleeping accommodation ‘even an Upper Berth costs $38.50 return) and pay for meals en route (3 break- fasts, 2 lunches, 3 dinners each way). He could save time by fly-

(Editor’s Note: Mr. Black, of Beverfey Hills, California, is a brother of the late Mr. Charles H. Black of Charlottetown).

The fact that during Novem- ber there was held a Darwin centennial celebration at the Un- iversity of Chicago, at which Sir Charles Darwin, grandson of. the author of the theory of evolu- tion, participated, under:scores the great importance of Charles Robert Darwin's contribution to modern thinking, especially in the field of the biological sciences.

The University of Chicago cele- brated the centennial of the pub- lication of The Origin of Species rathen than that of his bitrh, for Darwin. was born a half a cen- tury earlier.

Gamaliel Bradford called it an “extraordinary coincidence’ that Charles Darwin and Abraham Lincoln were born on the same day, Feb. 12, 1809,—one in Shrews bury. England, the other in Har- din County, Kentucky. The US mints commemorated the latter’s birthday by the issue of last Jan- uary ‘of 40,000,000 Lincoln pen- nies. “ Cee

Darwin's influence was in a sphere entirely different from that of the great American Em- ancipator, for from his, earliest years he had a passion for na- tural history and for collecting all sorts of things—plants, shells, minerals, and the like. Recently Life magazine has been running a series of elaborately illustra- ted articles on Darwin's contri- bution to science.

ORKED REVOLUTION : bably no other single book— except perhaps Newton's Princi- pia—has ever worked so rapid and so momentous a revolution, in science or made so profound an impact upon the general mind as did The Origin of Species pub- lished by Charles Darwin exact- ly 100 years ago. The volume is one of the most important mile- stones in modern history.

Charles Darwin was the grand- son of ‘Erasmus Darwin, physi- cian, poet, and scientist, himself the author of a theory of evolu- tion. His father was a doctor, his mother a daughter of Josiah Wedgwood, famous for his Eng- lish pottery.

After seven years at Shrews- bury School, Charles began to pre- pare for the study of medicine at Edinburgh University, but la- ter ttis father transferred him to Christ's College, Cambridge, with the idea of making him a clergy- man. \ '

Shortly after his graduation 1831 and because of Ais increas-

ing interest im geology and ep

‘

OTTAWA REPORT -- Convention Expenses

By Patrick Nicholson

The logistics of political con- | ing from Victoria to Ottawa ventions are being discussed

a Cabinet Minister, and it cost?

($321 return first class, or $256 third class). As an M.P. he could use a rail pass, and hence only pay the cost of his sleeping ac- commodation-and meals en route. But to anyone except an M.P., such a pass is not available.

The. out-of-towner then has to pay hotel room, meals and tips, averaging about $80 for. a 3? day .meeting.

The cost of hiring the various halls, installing loud speaking equipment, printing and duplica- ting programmes, speeches and propaganda, as well as a good

i tertaining, are costs which are borne by the party

THE NEW SERENADER

servative Party, which was last held four years ago, used to see about one round af Tories assembled. This year the figure soared to. 2,000; and a change in the constitution has increased the normal representation from the previous figure to around 1,400. In addition, of course, anyone can attend who cares to pay $1 to the Conservative Association, and all are welcome even as free-lance attendants; although, as Mr. Norman Baker of New Westminister discovered, some are more welcome than others.

He is the Party member in good standing but allegedly unem- ployed, who threw the vinegar into the whipped cream of the three-day gathering, by - assert- ing loudly and publicly that he shares with many Canadians an unhappiness about the present si- tuation of politics in Canada, that he objects to the government's

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Even. the less ones help bolster en-

times it isn’t. Physically, it helps develop leg muscles, whether it is fast or slow. - : There is more to dancing, though, than mere physical exer-

cise. It promotes creativeness

was invented.by the late Dr. James A. Naismith of Almonte, right here in the Ottawa Valley. —Oitawa Journal

F. Alexpyenko, cutter in a Kiev

12 graduates supplied to him by the states’ tailor schools didn’t know how to sew, and he wants some who can. On this side of the world business complains’ -that high school graduates cannot spell. Everywhere schools of one kind or another are criticized or turning out low quality graduates. —London Free Press

and sociability and, from the standpoint of good health, both of these are very important.

I don’t have to tell you ‘that you feel better when von are happy. It’s awfully difficult to rot unhappy when you are danc-

LET KIDS LEARN

So if the kids want to take danc- ing lessons and there is no physi- cal reason why they shouldn't,

‘then let them.

And it might be ‘a good idea

the dance floor every once in a while. It will do you good.

for you and the spouse to get out | and take a few turns around |

i

‘The Age Old Story

| He which ,soweth . sparingly shall reap alse sparingly; and he which sowefff bountifully shall reap also bountifully. ,

MacGuigan and George L. Keefe last night unanimously defeated a debating team from the Univ- ersity of New Brunswick Law School in Queen Square School Auditorium. Judges for the de- bate were Chief Justice Thane A. Campbell, Joseph MacMillan + and Pius Callaghan:

— .

well—all along we'd thought it

§

When is a detective not a de- tective? When he’s an “‘investiga- tor,” and that’s what all vate detectives in New York state

3

. The state claims that

~ MAXIMS

Work does more than get us

our living; it-gets us our life.

/

organization itself. These can be heavy. For example, in the ball- room of the Chateau Laurier Ho-

red yards of bunting, 28 huge photographs four times lifesize and bigger, of federal cabinet ministers and provincial prem- iers of the True Blue Faith, 13 coloured crests on big plywood sheets ing the country and its administrative compon- ent parts, and also thirteen Can- adian Ensigns lavishly display- ed and two Union Jacks craftily camouflaged. :

GOOD FOR TOURISM ) The annual meeting of the Con-

Darwin's Sesquicentennial

By Harold Garnet Block, LL.D.

tomology, Charles accepted a po- sition as naturalist on the ‘“H. M.S. Beagle,”” which was about to start on a surveying expedi- tion lasting almost five years.

. During this voyage numerous islands were visited—for example, New Zealand, Australia, Tahiti, Galapagos, St. Helena, and the Azores—and studies made of geo- logical formations, coral islands, and the relationship between liv- ing animals and those more re- cently extinct.

STUDIED FOSSIL REMAINS

Darwin's studies of the fossil remains of South American mam- mals became the subject of many volumes after his return home in 1836, andJed him to conclude that in the struggle for existence ‘‘Fa- vourable variations would tend to be preserved and unfavour- able ones to be destroyed."’ Thus he was able to account for the formation of new species.

It was this experience that led *Darwin te develop his theory of evolution, of which he \is popul- arly thought to be.the author, though 2000. yegrs; ago Aristotle had similarly reasoned that there is a constant ‘tendency of life to develop into higher forms of in- creasing complexity.

This evolutionary theory ma be described as the concept that existing animals and plants have developed by a process of con- tinuous change from previously existing forms. Darwin arrived at this concept as early as 1839, expanded it in 1842, but did not publish his findings till Novem- ber, 185% This book, the great-

The Origin of Species by Natur- al Selection.

Another “extraordinary coincl- dence” should here be mention- ed, for Alfred Russel Wallace, another scientist working altoge- ther independently, had arrived at an identical theory. Like Dar- win, Wallace had been studying flora, fauna, and geological for- mations in island groups. The result was that the scientific find- ings of these two investigators were réad jointly on July 1, 1858, before the Linnaean Society of London, neither one therefore getting entire credit for formula- ting the evolutionary hypothesis.

CAUSED A STORM ‘

The publication of The Origin of Species immediately caused a storm of both praise and abuse. Many churchmen saw in the book a denial of the Biblical ac- count of the “special creation” of each individual species as an im- mutable form, as found in the Genesis story of creation. ,

Accordingly many heated

°

tel, the Tories used several hund-

est work of his life, was titled.

and ' the falloff ia Nova Scotia,

present policy of planned pov- erty for Canadians, and that he considers Mr. Diefenbaker “‘quite inadequate” as a leader, while his “vision” is no more than a “hallucination”’.

QUESTION AND ANSWER : Mrs. K.: What can I do for burning in the mouth?

pause.

Nobody has been able to tell

whether Mr. Baker is a frank | Tory or a Grit fifth. columnist; | the was certainly a piece of grit | in an otherwise smoothly unevent- | ful meeting. Mr. Baker will} soon be forgotten, but other re- sults of that Conservative gather- ing may long endure—except, per- haps, this elaborate scheme for a half-million dollar basic cost for an annual high-jinks” with whisky galore as an extra.

bitter controversies took place be- tween theologians and scientists. The most noted debate was be- tween the Bishop of Longon and Thomas H. Huxley, who, himself | a distinguished biologist, accep- ted the Darwinian theory, which some boldly declared, though er- roneously, would make monkeys the ancestors of man! This spir- ited controversy was renewed | with the publication in 1871 of Darwin's The Descent of Man but has since almost entirely died down.

In his autobiography Darwin Says that in his earlier life he enjoyed pictures, music, and poet- ry but later lost the taste for these things, much to his regret. “If I had to live my live again,” wrote he, “I would have made a rule to read some poetry and listen to some music at least once every week...The loss of these tastes is a loss of happi- ness.”” ;

LAST YEARS

.

Answer: Since burning - of . the mouth may be due to many

causes, both local and systemic, you should have a_ thorough checkup to find the cause in

| your case.

La

S08 Cowie ON THE SHORE

Sea-boy, sand-boy, not yet veigled in games,

Peering in a rock-pool

Whose coral woods are cool

And the floor is gems

And in the wal!s are caves

Stored with the flowering lives

Of anemones and the one

Ray of drowned light on a green stone,—

in-

No miser hoards a total So rich as yours, carnelian, am- ber, jet:

Look well, but do not yet

Turn the stone called tomorrow

Where the gleaming weed is lea- ther,

Emerald a broken bottle,

The seagull sun flown over

Into the violet bank of altered weather.

Then you will seek to, turn

The stone called yesterday

As I do now and learn

There is no easy way,

Where the leather is a gleam- ing band,

During the last 40 years of his life he was honored by many | scientific societies but was con- stantly beset by ill health and pain, so that he could work only spasmodically. Darwin died on April -19, 1882,--and was buried > in Westminister Abbey,not far from Newton.

His personal appearance has become well known through num- erous portraits and statues. He was tall, thin, somewhat stooped, and in-later years wore a long white beard.

Charles Darwin was a relent- less pursuer of truth, and one of the greats of science. Like Copernicus he introduced the thinking world to a new and re- volutionary scientific concept, which brought about both world- wide and world-shaking repercus- sions.

“I have steadily endeavoured to ‘keep my mind free,” he once wrote, “so as to give up any hypothesis, however much belov- ed, as soon as facts are shown to he opposed to it."’ Thus showed seul true scientific spirit at its

‘COAL PRODUCTION DOWN

HALIFAX (CP) — Maritime coal production declined 14.8 per cent during the first 10 months of this year compared with 1958 out- put, the Atlantic Provinces Eco- nomic Council reported Wednes- day. Nova Scotia mines hcisted 880,000 tons less up to the end of October. New Brunswick pro- duction in the same period was down 38.000 tons. The closing of the “Cumberland No. 2 mine at Springhill, N.S., after last year’s disaster and long shutdowns in Cape Breton mines contributed to

The cullet emerald, and

| The ull sun still turning | On buctant wings, turning and

soon returning.

—Hal Summers in-“The Listener”

OUR YESTERDAYS

(From the Guardian Files)

TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO (Dec. 10, 1934)

The pond adjoining the Elec- tric Light Plant, Summerside, which has been fixed up for the children, has had _ several im- provements made on it during the past several days. A part of the pond has also been fenced off for the boys for hockey, while the second section=will remain a skating area for the tiny tots.

On Friday night the young lad- ies of Kilmuir and Heatherdale held a reception in honour of the famous Kilmuir “‘strong Boys,” tug-of-war team. This team, which distinguished itself last year in carrying off the King’s County and Island trophies, has this year again carried off the same hon- ours,

TEN YEARS AGO

(Dec. 10, 1949) . Inauguration of the dial tele- Phone system in Summerside will not take place until after the first of the year, it was learned yes- so to a delay in the ar-

@ necessary part of the equipment. Word has heen re- ceived that shipment of this part has been made from England

and it is hoped that it will ar- rive soon.

A Saint Dunsten’s University

s

Gebating team of Messra Mark

I am_ going through meno- |

De Gaulle In

}

President de Gaulle of France has emerged as a sort of super- star of the 14th General Assembly of the United Nations. -

Of course de Gaulle at-

| scrutiny and comment than per- haps. any other world leader, |} including President Eisenhower and Premier Khrushchev. |. Khrushchev did come to the | UN for a dav and the disarma- ‘ment proposa! he made has re- ceived daily comment since. But there are comparatively few ref- erences to the virtues and faults of the Soviet leader as a man. Not so de Gaulle. Delegates, even those hostile to.French pol- | iev. sometimes sneak of him with a kind of awe, although the com- pliments cften contain barbs and sarcasm as well.

GRANDEUR CONCEPT

Diplomats say de Gaulle has membership in the United Na- ~ | tions.” 5 De Gaulle’s prestige, whether ~

hecome identified in the minds of friends and foes with the concept of French “grandeur” that. he es- pevses with such constancy. They

add_ that the UN-debates. al-| walloping UN defeat last month, ”

though emphasizing the contro- versial nature of de Gaulle’s pol- icies. will enhance his personal prestice when the Western sum- mit meeting is held—in Paris— next week.

Merocey’s Ahmed Taibi Ben- hima, speaking on the question of Algeria, noted that de Gaulle had

| offered self-determination to the Moslem rebels there on the basis | of a fixed formula.

| But the thinking of de Gaulle remains “ambiguous,” the Mor-

and the complexity of his genius | leave one perplexed in the face | of utdulation between fiietaphys- ics and paternalism‘ on the one

By Joseph MacSween Canadian Press Staff Writer

The Limeligh

tics on the other.” His style and methods were j reminiscent of the “great mys-

WHICH DE GAULLE?

Another Arab delegate credited ' de Gaulle with a master-stroke of | strategy on Algeria. But he won- tered aloud whether it was the strategy of a president seeking te serve his people or that of a

eral seeking to crush _his oppo- -

| nents.

|, Saudi Arabia's Ahmad Shu- | kairy, one of the. fieriest of UN orators, declared:

| “From the heart of our heart, —

we wish Gen. de Gaulle to be | (an) international hero—to recag- nize the independence of Algeria, and thereafter to sponsor her

| as soldier or politician,.did not | prevent France from receiving a

The assembly voted overwhelm- ingly 2<- >t Fre-ce’s plan to ex- plode her first A-bomb in the Sa- hara Desert. ;

But French spokesman are

| come ‘to a decisive vote in the | 82-member assembly until later ‘ this week.

| A 22-nation Afro-Asian resolu- | tion, condemned by France, passed the assembly's political committee by a vote 38 to 26

| diplomats note this margin is in- | sufficient for passage in the as- | sembly, where a two-thirds ma- | jority is required. \

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