TIHE GUARDIAN

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TllllI;SDAY. APRIL 7. I955

- ' The Prime Minister's Office

If is perhaps true to say that no other responsible-government leader on earth has as much personal power and influence as that exercised by the British Prime Min- ister. As political institutions go, the office is of comparatively recent origin. Sir Rob- ert Walpole-l72l-is commonly regarded as the first holder of the office, Until then, the leading minister of the crown was known as the First Lord of the Treasury; and his prestige depended more on the per- sonal goodwill of the Sovereign than on any popularity with the people.

Although the Prime Minister has the right of veto. in the sense that it is ex- , ercised by the President of the United

t States, he does possess an even greater au- thority: the power to advise dissolution of Parliament and call general elections at

y,. will. While in practice each department head is responsible for his own policies, in- dependently of his colleagues. it is the Prime Minister who has the final say in any controversial measure that may be pro- posed or any major problem that may arise. Whatever his personal religious affil- iation may be-or even if he should happen to have none at allAhe nominates-or, more accurately. advises the Sovereign to nominate - preiates of the Established Church; and the filling of clerical vacancies in more than one hundred parishes, known as Crown livings. is part of his responsibil- ' ity. although. usually. he acts in co-opera: tion with ecclesiastical authorities in this matter. It is on his recommendation, too, that appointments are made to peera29S- baronetcies. knighthoods. ambassadorial posts, colonial governorships, and the like. In fact. there is no office under the Crown to which he has not the right of recommen- dation, which. in practice, means the auth- ority to appoint, since the Sovereign always acts in accordance with such advice of his

or her first minister.

. Of the 47 men (it may be one more 0F

i less) who have held the office since it was first recognized in 1721, about half have been members of the nobility. Since 1902,

5t,...,.

-. r .... z... ,...

however, the year Lord Salisbury was re-.

placed by Mr. Balfour, commoners have occupied the post exclusively. It is now a tradition that no Prime Minister shall ac- oept a peerage while in office. The young- est Prime Minister was William Pitt (the younger) who was only 24 when he took

stone. who retired at 85 after serving with great distinction for three full terms. Sir Winston Churchill assumed the office for the first time when he was 65.

Religious Leaders' Protest

The fourteen religious leaders in the

drift to war" among certain Washington

highest motives. There has been in re- cent. months a good deal of war talk; and it is by no means certain that the advo- cates of a ”prcvcntive war" have given up the idea. although the actual phrase seems to have dropped out of circulation. It is, tllcr:-fore. not difficult to understand why the fourtccn denominational leaders thnlllzlit it proper to speak a word of caution to the President. Whether it was a wise thing to do, considering all the circllnlstallccs. is another matter entirely;

conceivably, it could do as much harm mcm will produce mesons. particles about which present knowledge is Surely no fair minded and reasollahlclincompipipi at 1,000 times the rate now

as good.

pcrson believes that President l-Eisenhower will ever resort to war of his own free will and choice. Not only his words t”there is no alternative to peace". be said recently) but every official action of his Presidency may be said to have re- vealed his uncompromising will for peace and his deep abhorrence of war. No President in the history of the United States has been more sorely tried; none has ever been called upon to show more restraint and patience in the face of al- most constant provocation from aggressive powers. It is-hard to see how all the representations which well-meaning men could think up could possibly make xthe President any more cautious than he is now and has been all along. On the other hand. even one such representation could make his task heavier. The Communist leaders are quick to seize upon any pre- text for imrassing the unreasonableness of their demands. If they diould get it into their but that any considerable of rcsponlbls religious opinion in

over the responsibility. The oldest. at the: time of his resignation. was William Glad- I

dent's policy of moderation from a posi- tion of strength, there is no knowing how

they would twist that discontent to their

own advantage.

It would seem that-in foreign

af-

fairs. at least-President Eisenhower. by

.both precept and examp

le, has, proved him-

lseif entitled to the sympathy and under- ;standing and goodwill of all those people

who hope and pray tha war will be averted.

t. somehow. maior

What Chance?

It seems that the main difficulty about getting negotiations between the Western

powers and the Soviet U

nion under way in

earnest is the Soviet habit of regarding

every conciliatory gesture that comes outl

of Washington or London as a sign of fear

and weakness.

They appear utterly incap-

able of considering any statement or its

merits.

To illustrate:

A few days ago Sen-

ator Walter George. Democratic Chairman

of the Foreign Affairs United States Senate. that, in his opinion, t

Committee in the happened to say he great powers

should confer as soon as possible on world

notproblems. The words were hardly out of

his mollth before the Moscow newspapers began telling their readers that Senator

George's statement shows

opinion in the United against the which is trying to force .ple into war."

Eisenhower

that ”public States is turning I administration, the American peo-

The fact that Mr. George

-had said nothing whatever derogatory to

the administration but had merely expres-. sed a personal view-which, in fact,

shared by the Presiden mentioned. 3 Then, a few hours

is t himself-was not

later, President

Voroshilov made an address in which he expressed the opinion that those Western ldiplomats who are in favour of arranging .top-level talks among the Big Four powers are afraid that "war would be the end of

the capitalistic system tits time." He went on lever happens, Commun l(This. incidentally, is ioriginal Molotov line.

iet speakers have been

which has outlived to say that, what- ism will survive. a reversal to the Lately, most Sov- saying that civil-

:ization, and not merely capitalism, would

be endangered by war. lalthough he agrees in

)

I No wonder that President Eisenhower,

principle with the

need for ii top-level conference. is finding

in difficult to believe t ference at this juncture

more than a waste of time. .ments like the foregoing continue to come

hat any such con- would be anything When state-

out of Moscow with monotonous regular- lity, and, obviously, with the Governments

lsanction, what chance lamicaible settlement. or

is there of any even of the slight-

lest progress towards one?

l EDITORIAL

l l

NOTES

William Wordsworth born this date,

i770.

The 10 percent sales tax should neverl

When A Volcano Blows

(Milwaukee Journal)

A group of Hawaiian plantation workers were eating lunch in a cane field one day earlier this month, their food spread out on the ground before them. Suddenly they noticed cracks opening up in the earth under their sandwiches In their own phrase they "took off like scaldcd cats."

As well they might. For the cracks shortly spewed out boiling lava, which eventually consumed hundreds of homes and caused more than three million dollars damage.

To be on hand when mother nature blows her top has been I tragic experience for many and a terrifying one for those lucky enough to escape with their lives. Unique, however. was the reac- tion of the famed naturalist John Muir when he experienced a

region in 1872.

His attitude was sheer delight at being ”trotted and dumped on our Mother's mountain knee". In a letter to a natural history so- ciety he described how he ran out of his cabin when he felt the first tremors, shouting. ”A noble earthquake!" It was. he main- tained. ”the most sublime storm I ever experienced.”

But fear and amazem are more common and understandable respsonses. as in the case of a humble Indian farmer. Dionislo Pulido, on February 20. 1943.

He was plowing a cornfield on his small farm about 200 miles west of Mexico City. His wife and young son were watch- ing sheep a short distance away.

have been imposed on materials used ex- Then. Just ahead of him. Pulido

lclusively in production of feeds for cattle; and poultry. The tax has now been removed :

,on these commodities. leliminated on chemicals

and import duties of a kind not made

jin Canada when used in animal feedstuffs.

The Opposition in the Saskatcllcwanl

failed to question why

expenses of the

Saskatchewan Power Corporation had in-

creased by some millions . U

linginccrs in Britain are con.-ttructing

a new "gun" with a b long. known as a proton it is not a weapon, but

tool for the nuclear rcscarch worker. will be used to speed up the protons of

hydrogen with which bardcd and split. The

.possible at llarwcll.

David Low, the Man

l

lworld-famous cartoonist,

ston Churchill tiptoeing

slockinged feet because of the London press That is just what happened. The

I strike. BBC gave out the news lot of Londoners were st

have learned about this

il" until they stopped in

"one of the great British

mouthin scitywhose

I Itshshspsssltshsrni

usninvalsolsn.

riding subway trains and buses home, and they didn't hear it. Ordinarily they would

tory from their newspapers. With London's thirteen daily newspapers shutdown by a wage strike of maintenance men. ii great many people didn't know ”Winnie had done

pub for their evening pints. "Thus". com- ments iin Associated Press correspondent.

cent times was spread largely by word (I

world's most avid consumers of printed matter." It proved once again the value of printed word over all other forms I

t?"-

of dollars.

arrel a 100 yards lincar accelerator. an important new It

are bom- bombard- (sub-atomic

atoms gun's

I

chcster Guardian's depicted Sir Win- into retirement on

at 5.30 p.m.. but ii iii working then or

page in world his-

at the neighboring

news stories of re-

dweliers are the

heard a snorting noise and saw smoke coming from the earth. "The ground thundered for .abnut I0 minutes". he said later. "Soon water seemed to be runn- ing beneath me. Phuyee! A snort 3came from the ground. like steam escaping from a boiler." l He had courage enough to drop

.3 stone on the smoke hole. but

l'nilcd States who complained to President Legislature have been blasted by the prov. Ellie .,.,..m.g,mmd mm, pushed up Eisenhower about what they called ”the inciai Treasurer! M130 M. Finex for noharound it. He realized then that being on their toes. He charged them wit circles were influenced, no doubt. by the "weakness and jncornpetencp” because they,

h this might be a volcano. for anlwould have been asleep."

OTTAWA REPORT

l Wcstern M.P.'s are very -int: ested in the speed-up of the trans- continental rnil schedule which will be effected when the Canad- ian Pacific Rallway's crack new express train. "The Canadian". l goes into service later this month. , ”We will be able to travel be; tween Vancouver and Ottawa dur- ing the weekend," Hon. Ralph Campncy. the Minister of National Defence, commented to me. Al- though the minister in ChlJ"L'c of the Royal Canadian Air Force. Vancouver's representative in the cabinet is obviously not an air- travel fan. If he files between Vancouver and Ottawa, he told me. he finds that he can achieve little on the journey. and he ar- rives tired.-On the other hand. the journey by train gives him the opportunity to work while travell- ing, and the ability to get normal nlghts' sleep in the train makes him fresher at the end of the journey than when he started. he

said.

The timetable and full details of The Canadian have been sent to me by Marc McNeil. that ever- thoughtful public relations officer who keeps the flag of the Canad- ian Pacific system flying so high in Ottawa.

This timetable shows that the new streamlined diesel express will cut no less than sixteen hours off the present 35 hour journey from Ottawa to Vancouver. In fut- ure. the busy cabinet minister or any other traveller will be able to leave Ottawa at 3.20 on a Friday afternoon. and pull into Vancouver refreshed mid ready for work at 9.10 am. the M morning. That is. as Mr. Cunpuey

ssymnornon swssk-aidou wheels between our Capital and our-Westcosstmetropalls.

nwsrnunnootn I understand list I new record

vlbcset Q

heavy earthquake in tho Yosemite

engineer had predicted one might develop because of the recent earthquakes in the region.

So Pulido hurried off to the village to fetch a priest. When he returned. the next day. the cone of volcanic dust was 10 feet high and the crater 30 feet deep. The bewildered Pulido had been an eye witness to the birth of a baby volcano - the first in our time known to have started from scratch.

In a week. the volcano. called Paricutin after the nearby village. had built ii cone 550 feet high. It was three times that size some months later. tnd still growing.

The story of what happened when a whole city was over- whelmed by a volcano is told in the excavated ruins of Pompeii. buried for centuries under the ashes and pumice of Vesuvius after a terrific eruption in 79 AD.

Excavators found the skeletons of two prisoners who had been chained to the prison wall that fateful day and had wrenched furiously at their bonds before succumb-ling. In a Pompeiian bak- ery were found loaves of bread. left in the ovens by the fleeing bakers.

Another skeleton was that of a man with 10 pieces of gold in one hand and a large key in the other. He might. just possibly, have been able to escape if he had not thought of taking money with him.

A more inspiring motive kept a Roman soldier at his post near the city gate when the deadl rain of ashes fell on P ” Mark Twain. in "The Innocents Abroad". commenting that this figure was "perhaps the most poetical thing Pompeii has yield- ed to modern research".

"Let us remember". wrote Twain. "that he was a soldier- not a policeman-and so, praise him. Being a soldier, he stayed, because the wnrrior instinct for- bade him lo fly.

"Had he been a policeman." he added with a smile. "he would have stayed. also - because he

Canada's Fastest Train

By Patrick Nicholson

l...ui it pulls into Calgary at 20 minutes past noun, Mountain Time, on Tuesday. April 26th. It will have covered the 43-! miles from Moose Jaw in only eight hours and twenty minutes. This is three hours and twenty five min- utes less than the present. schedule of the C.P.R. transcontinental ex- press. "The Dominion". on the same run. The Czinadian's average speed on this record run out of Moose Jaw will be just over 53 miles per hour.

The arrival of our first long distance diesel train raises the interesting question: Will we ever

have electric expresses linking up our scattered cities in even less time?

The Moose Jaw to Calgary run will be the fastest on the C.P.R.'ii new schedule. The slowest lap will be the 505 miles from Field in to Vancouver at an average speed of 1!) miles per hour, which will be little more than half the speed at which the engineer hustles from Moose Jaw to Calgary.

I have looked up the timetables

of the crack express trains in Europe. The distances of their runs do not compare with that

long haul from Moose Jaw. but on the other hand I doubt if many of them enjoy such ideally flat terrain as on that billiard-table stretch across those seemingly endless miles of Sriskatchewan-AL berta prairie. The very high speeds of those European ex- presses suggest that we may look forward to even quicker trans- continental travel in the future. as (in rails battle the airlines for

may pusseuu traffic.

01' Ilmllk ll 7 wood Haul he-HI

7034 &-mm

BRITISH FREEDOM It is not to be thought of that the fl

ood

Of British freedom. which. to the open sea

Of the world's praise. from dark antiquity

Hath flowed, twith pomp of waters, uliwit.hstood'.

Roused though it be full often to

a in

Which spurns the check of salu- tary bands.

That this most. famous Stream in bags and sand:

Should perish; and to evil and to

good

Be lost for ever. In our balls is

ling

Al-moury of the invincible knights of old:

We must be free or dis. who speak the tongue

That Shakespeare spoke; the faith and morals hold

Which Milton held.-In everything we are sprung

Of Earthls first blood. have titles manifold.

-William Wordsworth.

l The Age Old Story

Thou shalt be perfect with the Lord thy God. For thus nations. which thou shalt possess. iienrken- ed unto observers of times. and unto divine .. but as for thee. the Lord thy God hath not suf- fered thee so to do.

boasts an electric express train which travels 136 miles from Milan to Bologna at 72 miles per hour. while Switzerland. Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany and Sweden all operate expresses whose schedule average speeds are well over 60 miles per hour.

France also boasts the fastest diesel-drawn express train in Eur- ope, which averages 69 miles per haur on the run between Evreux and Bernay.

Europe's ileetest steam-engined express train in Britain's old fav- ourite starting from Paddlugton station. which runs the 118 miles from London to Bristol in 105 min- utcs at an average speed of just under 68 miles an hour.

France has recently sent an ex- perimental train racing along a regular track at the sensational speed of 205 miles per hour. That is not intended to become a regu- lar cheduled speed. but it does show the hurry-up which may

Medically Speaking ucnnu N. lnndescl. nus.

CAUSES OF FAINTWG

Have you over fainted? Know why you did?

You can probably blame your abdomen or legs. or at least the blood vessels in them. 01' again. gigaybe your collar or (is was too

i

h .

Let me explain

Fainting is usually caused by fright, 8 drug reaction. a temper- ature change, severe pain or sud- den loss of a large amount of blood.

Any of those conditions can di- late or widen the blood vessels in your legs or abdomen. When this happens, large amounts of blood flow into these widened vessel! and not enough goes to the brain. Robbed of an adequate supply of blood. your brain can do nothing but permit you to lapse into un- consciousness.

Fainting may also occur if you've been standing for an ex- ceptionally long period of time. Also, a tight collar may cause you to faint, -especially if you are one of those who are extremely sen- sitive to pressure on nerves along the large blood vessels in the neck.

Fnrtunately.' Nature helps you revive, in the event you faint. If you lose consciousness. naturally you will fall. Ordinarily. this will put your head on a level with the rest of- your body and make it easier for the blood to flow to the brain once again.

How to Help

The best thing you can do for I person who has fainted in to stretch him out so his head is tilted downward and his feet are raised slightly. This will help lilm regain u sciousness much faster than if he were to sit with his head between his knees . Never force a person who has fainted to sit up until he has recovered completely.

You can loosen his collar. too. This will be especially helpful if the neck nerves have caused the temporary black-out.

Once he has regained conscious- ness. give him some sweetened fluids. This might bring marked improvement if he is sensitive to hunger fainting.

QUESTION AND ANSWER

C. M.: I have been taking bar- biturate drugs for I number of years for my nerves. How can I stop taking them?

Answer: Barblturate drugs are

ly make up your mind that you will not take any more of these preparations.

OTTAWA (CF) S. The board of transport commissioners Thursday improved application by the Cana- dian National Railways for per- mission to cease operation on 5.24 miles of its tracks serving part of the New Glasgow-Pictou Landing area in Nova Scotla.

Hearings were in Sfellarton. N. S., last Feb. 8.

not habit-forming. You must mere- .

hp! 1'heGusrdia.n

mm-nu nuinri-anon

pace again the curtain has been raised upon the greatest drama in human history. Christian: in; up their hard. but now their news, for Qoou Friday and East- er. an at hand. This most ara- inatic week in un Christian year began with .PlllII Sunday. when me cry of was raised with star-tun; liiddsnnsu after the sober tunes of Lent.

In the me of aesuil there was no event. other than those of uooa i-iriuay and Easter. so obvi- ously dmmatlc as t.lie- events of Palm Sunday. Normally Jesus sought to avoid the crowds; then he was glad to attract them. It was the only occasion on which lie employed what the modern world would call -' .--manage merit. He was going forward to the city which was to break his heart. When he beheld it. says Sl..Luke. he wept. It was part of his purpose that all the city should be moved. Later on St. Paul was able to say of the whole

event to which the tit ' 'en-

Beforo. The Passion TII Tlllul, undo:

"all the clw was moved. saying Who is this?” The pilgrims w...; had come up to Jqusalem win, Jesus had their answer. "This is Jesus the prophet of Nazareth of Galilee." they said. He wu their prophet and they wan proud of him. Jerusalem had produced . no prophet. Ho had come from their despised Galileo. They any or may not have joined in an i cry "Cruclfyl"; but when their prophet had been removed death they remembered him only as another , who had mi. ed. Not much Iatsr Thomas hen l before the risen Jesus. saying "M, . Lord and my God." Thomas, a... cording to tradition, took an Gospel to tilt ust. Later Paul wrote of this same Jesus, "in him dwelleth all the fullness of the Godhead bodily." Paul took the Gospel to the west. Those for whom Christ is only a prophet are not llkey to become his dis- ciples.

I.

try was the prologue, ”Thls thing was not done in a corner." The plan for the waiting ass had been carefully made. The rider upon it would recall to the minds of many of the religious pil- grims who accompanied Jesus the exultant prophecy of Zech- ariah. ”Re.loice greatly. 0 daugh- ter of Zion; shout. 0 daughter of Jerusalem: behold thy king cometh unto thee: he is just and having salvation; lowly and rid- ing upon an ass. oven upon I colt the foal of an ass.” Already they had all the expectancy of pli- Erlms: already they were rehears- ing the psalms which they must sing as they approached the city. It was no wonder that the shout lug started quickly and that all the children were soon joining in. As they began to break down branches and spread out gar- ments for the royal route, men with long memories would recall how their fathers had told them that when Simon Maccabeus re- captured Jerusalem he "entered it was praise and palm branch- es. and with harps and with cym- bals. and with viola and with hymns and with songs: because a great enemy was destroyed out of Israel."

The In is often ill-treated In the cast. but it is hardly regard- ed as an animal to laugh at: is so necessary. When Jesus used one he was riding the beast which. in contrast to the horse, represented peaceful conquest. And as the news of what was afoot spread through Jerusalem

CUDMORE'S DRY CLEANERS

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ELECTRICAL Repairs

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Phones 8548 - 8544

PROFESSIONAL CARDS

BARRISTERS. SOLICITORS, Eic.

Bell, Mntheson & Foster 150 Richmond St.

Chris. B. McQuald. B.A. use Richmond St. Dial sail

J. Elmer Blanchard, B.A. 165 Queen st. Phone 4231

at A. Farmer, Q.C., LL.B. Bank of Commerce Bldg.

OPTOMETRISTS

G. F. llutcheson & Son F. G. EUTCIIESON. R.0. 58 Grafton Si. Dial 8821

Allison M. Glllis, LL.B. LI) Richmond st. Dial 474:?

A. Waltheu Gaudet, LL.B. Phillips Bldg. 111 Grafton St.

Palmer it Ilaslnm Bank of Non Scolla Bldg.

Mntheson, Peaks in- Nicholson I75 Grafton Street

J. A. MncGulgnu Olrrle Bldg. - Dill M24 Queen 8!.

G. E. MacMlIlan. B.A.. . LL.B. 156 Richmond st. Dial ms

MiscPhoo it Tralnor its Qeeu st. Dial 4232

J. A. Cari-uthers. R.0. Kent st. Dial ssii

0.D. iu Dial 5611

J. S. Taylor, R.0. Corner Kent & Queen St-I. Office 9133; House 4756

II. J. Mabon. R.0. Montague P. E. I.

CHIROPRACTORT

Dr. W. R. Carson all Prince St. Dial 6431

ARCHITECT G. Keith Plckard,

in Byron J. Grant. Kent St.

B. Arch. M.R.A.I.C.. snmmerslde. P.E.l. Dlll 226! Charlottetown. by appointment Dial 7315

CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS

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