Che Guardian

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Covers Prince: Edward island Like The Dew W. J. Hancox, Publisher

Wallace Werd Frank Welker

Editor

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PAGE 4 TUESDAY, DECEMBER 14, 1965.

A Thorny Problem

An Ottawa dispatch yesterday in- dicated that Quebec Liberals, who will account for 56 of the federal government's 131 seats in the new Parliament, are hungry for more in- fluential representation in the inner circles of power. This is one of the major problems confronting Prime Minister Pearson in his impending cabinet shakeup, -and-he—will_require all the diplomacy at his-command to deal with it: satisfactorily.

The problem is complicated by the

fact that the Quebec premier, Mr. -

Lesage, has become more and more insistent in claiming that his govern- ment is the sole and authoritative voice of French Canada. He has served notice that Quebec is prepar- ing another push to opt out of social security and economic programs, thus. giving the) proyince a free hand in practically the whole field of shared. cost undertakings. If Que- bec CHoosés to-pursue this course of separation from the central authority and insists that only the provincial government legislate for French Canada, where does it leave Quebec MPs as representatives of their con- stituencies, either.as cabinet membe or backbenchers? _ = The real problem confronting the

‘ Prime: Minister ‘in this connection is

thé érosion of national unity through the opting out process on which he has too fiastily bestowed his blessing. Its results are becoming more and more pronounced as the “two na- tions” and “associated states” con- cepts are promulgated. If all signifi- cant Quebec legislation is to be re- served for the Quebec government and legislature, the question arises why MPs from that province shotld

. have any say in the parliamentary

process of legislation affecting other parts of the country. Why, in short, should they be in the. position of de- termining what is good for the rest of Canada,, without having any real voice ir ddermining what is good for their own part of the country?

The more pressure Premier Le- sage applies for provincial autonomy, the more he accentuates this anomaly, and the more difficult he makes Mr. Pearson’s job of rebuilding his cab-- inet with a strong Quebec representa- tion. This may have been behind the emphasis the Prime Minister placed in his electoral appeal for a stronger central government; but how recon- cile these conflicting aims?

Two Conservative premiers, John Robarts of Ontario and Duff Roblin of Manitoba, have warned of the danger inherent in the. situation. Now Liberal Premier Ross Thatcher of Saskatchewan has added his voice to theirs. He stressed to a Montreal

- audience recently the danger of this

“steady erosion of federal taxing powers,” and spoke bluntly in criti- cism of the “opting out” practice

" which is responsiple. for the drift.

Mr. Pearson, too, in his ‘Caribbean contemplation of cabinet reconstruc- tion, must be wondering whether it was such a bright idea after all.

From Bad To Worse

There was grim significance in President Johnson’s reference last week to “other hard steps” that may have to be taken in the Viet Nam war. Debate over the issue will reach new heights in the months ahead, with Congress asked for a fresh vote

.of confidence when it reconvenes

early in the new'year. Thus the dil-

"emma grows, with prospects that U.S.

forces. will have to be increased

«again—toward the total that was re-

quiredy'in Korea during the war . there*’ cae, Arthur Schlesinger, in his new book on the late President Kennedy, reports that Kennedy came to believe

, .q that. Viet Nam represented a failure — in-policy: It had been allowed to drift

and U.S. involvement grew apace without much real effort to assess

just what the problem was.and where Washington stood.

That appears to be the situation now. Nobody knows and nobody has known for a long time what the final commitment will be there, what the Communists are planning, how many men and how much materials and how long it will take to win even a stalemate. What is known is that the North -Vietnamese have thrown in, large’new detachments of regular troops. They seem willing to suffer | large casualties to gain their ends. | The steady escalation on both sides | can lead to nothing but a wider war—

perhaps even the land war in China against which the wisest policy mak- ers have warned. ;

But, as the Milwaukee Journal | well says, “It is useless to argue over how we got there and why. The prob- lem now is to get out without sur- render, how to find honorable settle- ment. Compromise is what settles all wars in the end. We must continual- ly make it clear before the United | Nations and in the capitals of the world that we seek a peace that is honorable for all. If peace proves im- possible, at least let’ it be the Com- munists who bear the onus for it be- fore mankind.”

So far, it must be said, Washing- ton hasn’t succeeded in convincing

western allies appreciate the situa- tion, but few of the uncommitted na- tions have been anything but critical of the failure on both sides to agree to peace talks. Even if Hanoi has been backward in this respect, it is felt that more American effort should have gone into obtaining a cease-fire until settlement could be reached. Perhaps this is the most urgent task confronting President Johnson in the campaign—‘“‘making it clear” that it is an equitable peace, and not merely a face-saving operation, that is being urgently sought.

Must Keep Tape

Cynics claim that politicians: pre- fer to wrangle over the air waves be- cause the names they call each other are not recorded in cold type, and ‘they can get away with almost any- thing. We don’t believe it’s that bad; but in any case it won't be possible to do that .sort of thing in future. :-The Board of Broadcast Governors has ruled that radio stations must re- tain tapes of broadcasts so that mem- bers of the public who feel they have grounds for legal action may request copies of the tape.

“The board is-well aware of the difficulties to stations which might arise from indiscriminate inquires,” says the official- release. “However, the board has come to the conclusion that there is a need for making tapes accessible.”

The new ruling provides that where any person feels he has been aggrieved by a radio broadcast he may in writing -within 80 days from the date .of the broadcast, request from the station a copy of the tape. The station may or may not release the tape to such persons, but shall in any event take steps to preserve. the tape until the board advises that it is no longer necesSary for the tape to be retained.

Where the station chooses not to release the tape, it shall so advise the person applying for the tape. The person may then request the BBG to obtain the tape and he. or his agent may make a copy of the tape at the offices of the board.

A Canadian Motion

Canada took the leading part in a United Nations resolution last:week, calling on member states to make vol- untary contributions for peacekeep- ing operations pending completion of a study of the question by a special committee. It was a Canadian pro- posal, and it broke the stalemeate on this issue by winning support from the Soviet Union and France as well as the United States and Britain. It passed, indeed, by an 88-to-1 vote, with three countries abstaining, This strong indorsation in ‘the special pol- itical committeé virtually assures it the required two-thirds majority vote when it comes before the 117- nation General Assembly.

Heretofore Russia and France have refused to pay for UN peace- keeping operations inthe Congo and the Middle East on grounds that only the 11-nation Security Council is au- thorized to make peacekeeping de- cision. Their acceptance of the Cana- didi proposal does not necessarily in- dicate that they have yielded ground on this issue, but it does point in that direction.

EDITORIAL NOTE _—|/ Christmas isn’t going to wait for

r

}~the tardy shopper._If you haven’t al- |

ready finished your gift shopping,

you'd better get on with it

the United Nations on this score. Its |

» portant place on the dinner table

_election of officers for 1941 were

PASSING THE FINAL TEST

BIRDS OF PARADISE

Saved From Legalized Hunting

The perennially threatened birds of paradise have been res- cued again from legalized hunt ing. Australian New Guinea’s House of Assembly recéitly: re- jected a bill to permit commier- cial killing of the birds. Oppon- ents said the flocks would be wiped out by. an open season.

Papuans of_ the huge south west. Pacific island long have hunted the fantastically beauti- ful birds of paradise for their elaborate plumes. Feathers of @éome species are reserved for chiefs’ costumes alone.

Europeans first heard of the birds when two skins were brought back from the Moluccas in 1522 by Magellan's men. They got an odd idea of the birds’ appearance when plumes of later specimens Were attach- ed to skins from which the feet and legs had been removed. Europeans decided these extra ordinary birds had, no)-feet. and must have been, blown to earth from a celestial paradise. '

LEGEND OF THE BIRDS Traders built up the legend.

National Geographic Society

They said the birds, lived in the , air, alwaye turning toward the | sun, never alighting on the | earth until they came down to | die. The legend faded, but the | mame remained. _ | Fashion became the greatest | enemy of paradise birds. In the 1690's plumes gold for as much as $50 each in the millinery marts of Paris and Amsterdam. About 100,000 plumed pelts left New Guinea annually.

Every year, just’ after ~ the birds had molted end assumed their new bright plumage, swarms of Papuan and Malay hunters ventured deep into the interior of New Guinea to hunt the beautiful birds.

Entire villages im New Guinea - of

back. Some species now are threatened, however, by the de- struction of their forest habitat as primitive tribes move farth- er into the interior, clearing land as they go.

STRANGE COURTSHIP

The National Geographic has published extensive articles on birds of paradise by two lead- hing ornithologists, Dr. S. Dillon

soninan Institite, and the late E. Thomas Gilliard. They were

lived by killing paradise birds. Temporary boom settlements Sprang up on the coast, throng- ed with Chinese, Arab, and Malay traders. The rivalry was

. great, prices fluctuated consid-

-Loafing

Bakers

Christian Science Monitor

~ Bread—the plain white:-loaf. kind—may have a far less im-

these days, but just let the bak- ers Strike, as they have in Eng- land, and it suddenly regains its lost prestige. :

No morning toast? The gener- al secretary of the Bakers’ Un- jon, photographed by one of the London dailies eating cream crackers as substitute for bread, looked very unhappy about the sacrifice he was mak- ing.

The breadiless weekend was trying, also to housewives who

a symbol- Scones and muffins may taste better but they can-

queuel in long lines at independ-

ent’ shops. Some wert so far as to buy flower and bake their

own. ; All this points to the fact that | bread is not merely a food; it is

not qualify as ‘the staff of life,” bread’s traditional role. : chief ingredient, and you are likely to bring up the whole question of the cost of living and set off a political ex- plosion.

‘Making Steady Progress

Milwaukee

With the European Common Market locked in internal com-

Our Yesterdays

(From The Guardian )

TWENTY - FIVE YEARS AGO (December 14, 1940) At the Charlottetown Hotel the

made by the Charlottetown Kins- men Club. They were: presi- dent, Gordon Hutcheson; vice- president,-Ernest Lord; secre- tary, J.C.A. Gordon; treasurer, Louis Turner; editor, Bob Nich- olson; assistant secretary, George Ayers; directors, Earl Norrie, Bill Boyles and Roland

Taylor. is

Hope grew in the Dominion capital that Minister of Munit- ions Howe and three officials of his department were among those saved from the liner

estern Prince, torpedoed early

turday morning 400 miles off the Irish coast.

TEN YEARS AGO - (December 14, 1955)

Mr. GE. Hartlen, manager of Canada Packers Lid., present- ed to City Clerk Mr. J.A. Fuller- ton as custodian on behalf of the City, @ portrait of His Worship Mayor J.D. Stewart. The presen- tation was made at Centennial Year closing celebration.

David Philip Irwin Mackagh: ern, the “Centennial Baby” was the centre of attraction for more than 100 citizens assembl- ed in the dining room of the | Little

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Apartheid Attacked

-etatement tn the report that the Bible contains no direct prohibition of. racially mixed marriages.

NAMED NBC CHAIRMAN NEW YORK (AP)—Appoint-

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dination’’ is not regarded as an adequate alternative for ‘‘inte- gration.”’ But it may well be best they can get if they want

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President de Gaulle appar- rently wants changes in NATO's integrated military structure though he hasn't made clear precisely what he has ‘in mind.

It is hoped in Ottawa that

‘epecific may be put before the alliance by

spring.

Canadian officials don't pre. tend that they understand all of de Gaulle’s policies but they do comprehend some of them.

Perhaps one reason for this is that Canada, living next door to the U.S., can understand better than most countries the huge pressure which the U.S,. exerts —economically, politically, ‘eul- turally. and in almost every other way, : MINISTERS MEET t

Consequently, there ts ap awareness among Canadian dip-

governments have Jong put em, phasis on this country having the closest and friendliest rela- tions with the U.S.

Maurice Couve de Murville and on Monday they will hold -their eighth meeting in the last %

years. ;

.Whether Canada has any suc- cess in playing a moderator's role between France and the U.S. may never become known, at least officially. But Canadian diplomats think {ft is worth a try. The future of. NATO might depend on it.

FARMS GO UNDER City construction in North America is nsing up farmiand

CANADA

VINCE OF PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND

BEFORE THE PUBLIC UTILITIES COMMISSION — IN THE MATTER of the Public Utilities Com- ° mission Act, and the Water and Sewerage Act

and IN THE MATTER of an application of the Com- missioners of Sewers- and Water Supply of the . City of Charlottetown for approval of a new sched-

regulations services of the supply of water and the disposal ‘ef sewage supplied to its customers.

NOTICE OF HEARING

; Notice is hereby ‘given that a Public Hearing will be - held on Thursday the 16th day

The Public are invited te attend and will be heard. DATED at Charlottetown this 6th day of DECEMBER

(MRS.) H. DORIS eee PUBLIC UTILITIES COMMISSION

CAREERS FOR MEN © | “CANADIAN FORCES _

A Recruiting Team 2 Will Be At The RCAF Association Summerside

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Or mail this coupon to your Canadian Forces Recruiting Centre at:

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at a rate of 1,000,000 acres a year

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great

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» | lomats about de Gaulle’s feel- ~~