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Mr. Green's Accusallon In deploring the Soviet decision to resume nuclear testing, Canada’s External Affairs Minister Howard Green took occasion at Geneva yes- terday to emphasize again his gov- ernment's opposition to all weapon tests of this kind. He spoke before the resumed session of the 17- nation disarmament conference and bluntly accused the three nuclear powers—Russia, the United States and Britain-—of blocking progress with_“a largely fruitless debate” over interpretation of a neutralist compromise formula which the two aides read in different ways. These are words that needed to be said, and we are glad that Mr. Green had the courage to say them. Talk and more talk, but no pro- gress, has been the story of dis- armament negotiations for the past fifteen years. Behind all the man- oeuvring is the basic conflict on the matter of inspection and control. Last week there was a flurry of optimism stemming from the re- marks of the U.S. delegate, Mr. Dean, which seemed to imply that as a result of progress made in detection methods in recent U.S. underground tests, the West might be willing to accept the Soviet position that "national inspection" within each country’s own territory was adequate for policing a test ban. But both the U.S. State Depart- ment and President Kennedy have since been at pains to correct that impression. Assessment of data from ‘the underground tests was still in a preliminary stage and there had been no change in the U.S. position. The test-ban negotiations, which have been going on for nearly four years now, are being conducted by the United States, Britain and the Soviet Union as a subcommittee of

i the large disarmament conference.

While separate, the three-power negotiations are still an integral part of the disarmament confer- ence, and the one that casts its shadow over the other. This gives

. point to Mr. Greenls criticism, and . also to the remarks of the Indian

delegate last week, who accused

_ both sides of insincerity in the test- " ban negotiations. The sentiments

\

he expressed, says 1 Geneva cor- respondent for the New York Times, were clear1y‘shared by the other unaligned powers--B r 9. z i l, ' ;Burma, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Sweden, Mexico and the United Arab Re-

f public.

The lack’ of mutual trust between the big nuclear powers is not new but it seems to be more acute, or at least more apparent, than for

.. ‘several months. And, as a. result,

no one is making hopeful noises

' about the future of either the test-

ban or the disarmament negotia- tions. It is too much to expect that Mr. Green’: comments will change

-- the situation; but it is well that he

Ihould put Canada's position before

“the yvorlti in unmistakable terms.

“Honest And Free"

Home lrrformatlon about the ‘ I coup in Peru has come to

l

fiend, end it doesn't make pleasant

on It started with the June 10

do h Tana. heed d file ones mili- tary left-wing but now moderate and anti-Communist American Popu- lar Revoluuionary Alliance. The military regarded this organization and its leader as their sworn enem- ies ever since the 1930s, when bloody clashes took place between them For-seeing that ’I‘orre, with the big- gest bloc of deputies In the new Congress, would wind up In a coalit- ion with one of his opponents, the heads of the armed forces demanded that the election be annulled. They charged that the voting had been marked by widespread frauds.

The National Electoral B on r d looked into these allegations, and last week pronounced them to be without substance. Retiring Presi- dent Prado called the election “the cleanest in Peruvian history.” Next morning, at 3 a.m., troops surround- ed his palace. A Sherman tank (part of the U.S. military aid program to Peru) rammed through the iron gates. The President was made A prisoner aboard a Navy ship, and a military junta took over. Dr. Hava de la Torre wen‘ into hiding; demon- strations by his supporters were suppressed by troops. '

This is what brought prompt reaction from Washington in sus- pending diplomatic relations with Peru, as well as economic aid going to that country under the Alliance for Progress program.

Perhaps the most curious point of the incident is that the military junta in Peru seemed shocked by the U.S. attitude "We are seeking to preserve democracy,” protested the junta leader, General Perez. He maintained that he stood for “hon- est and free elections . . . like in the United States." Which, in the cir- cumstances, must have struck Washington as being the unkindest cut of all.

The British Way

The story goes that Prime Minis- ter Harold Macmillan, entering the House of Commons last week for the first time since his drastic shake- up of the British Cabinet, was re- ceived with jeers from the Opposit- ion benches and general silence from his own party members. That could have happened anywhere. But characteristic of British politics was the reaction of one Conservative who rose to congratulate Mr. Mac- millan for “having kept his head while all about him were losing theirs.” And Mr. Macmillan's dry response: “Those are rather mor- bid allusions."

Another news item from Britain over the weekend confirms our be- lief that the old country is still on an even keel politically. It seems that as the newly appointed Sec- retary of State for Scotland, Michael Noble, was making his first speech as a cabinet minister in the House, a shout of “Hurrah for Michael!” rang from the gallery.

That happens in Canada, too, sometimes; but mark the sequel. An attendant quickly escorted the shouter, Lady Noble, outside‘ but allowed her to return to utter more subdued cries of “hear, hear.” And Mr. Noble remarked, apologetically : “We have never been able to keep mother quiet."

EDITORIAL NOTES

Lovely summer weather we're having here, isn’t it! But it could be worse. According to a Newfound- land despatch, the ice blockade along the North Labrador coast has forc- ed a postponement of the final count of , the June election votes ln- the G r a n d Falls-White Bay-Labrador riding until at least the end of July.

0 I C

We have margarine smugglers here, but along the Belgium-I-lob land border butter smuggling has become a chronic problem. Dutch butter sells for roughly 40 cts. more a pound in Belgium than In Holland, and officials estimate that smug- glers make more than a mill ion dollars -each year on “hot" butter. sales.

the no-man’:-land along the West German border, It now is reported, that the “pe0ple's" government‘ of _ this Marxist compound is sealing off A in Baltic coast with e three-mile eecurlty zone and s ban on motor Mata, eellbouta or rubber rafts that ‘alight for escape. Asone

‘4 ydti_flluterrtat0rrbmarka,;‘what has

made

must now be our j-island. . .

In addition to the Berlin wall and _

ii.‘

THE NEW FRONTIERSMAN

SPACE-AGE NEEDS

Familiar Fooclsln Strange Forms

Space - Age chefs are trans- forming famlliar foods Into nut- ritious but strange concentrates.

new ' being prepared by and for Unit- ed States military and scientific agencies, often in cooperation with research groups of unl- versitles and food industries.

Among triumphs achieved so far are squeeze-tube roast beef, eamisol' vckwen and noodles. dehydrated beef stew and diced chicken in gravy, and bite-size patties of ham, sausage, and hamburger.

FOR ASTRONAUTS Chief objective of the work is to find effective ways to feed the astronauts who will make extended trips In space and in time land on the moon. the improved preserving and packaging methods develop- ed in the experiments are ex- pected to have many earthly uses, from military rations to everyday market foods. America's first astronaut, John Glenn, carried tubes

of_

semisolid veal and pork. struln- ‘

ed peaches and applesauce. as well as malt and mocha tablets, on his triple orbit of the earth.

One of his chores aloft was to test the effect of welghllessness on digestion. He chose an apple- sauce tube, broke Its seal, open- ed his vlsor. and squeezed th e

food into his mouth. It taste good, and he had no trouble swallowing it.

‘‘I wish now." he said, "I had

9-

brought along that ham sand- wlclh someone once put in the ditty bag as a joke."

Actually, ordinary sliced bread and crackers are too crumbly for spacecraft. Weightless bits would float away—as did Glenn's applesauce container after use -—and get Into astronauts‘ eyes end lungs. .

Crumbled cookies were a prob- lem reported by Scott Carpenter when his turn came to whirl around the earth. In his lunch bag were blle-size snacks of spe- cially coated and compressed cereals with raisins, also rye bread, ground orange peel with almond, and peanut-cream, date, and chocolate bars.

The chocolate melted in the capsule's heat, indicating the need for more resistant choco- late. But the breakdown of the sweet cubes, or ‘‘cookies,’' may not have been due to space stress at all, some say. but to accidental crushing before the launching. At any rate, such items will doubtless be more densely processed and coated for future flight.

FOOD APPEAL PROBLEM Retaining flavor and texture of concentrated foods put up in small, light packages is perhaps the space chefs‘ largest order. Specialists of the Army Quar- termaster-'s Food and Container Institute have been experiment- ing for years. As early as 1956, they invited a group of newamen to sample a lunch made up of

Th roug

A picture is being built up In

I Britain and Europe of President

Kennedy as a young man in a hurry thwarted by a handful of old men determined to keep things as they are.

This may rise Ameri- cans. However they feel about specific issues, they are seldom inclined to question the basic tenets of the American political, system; however passionately concerned about medical care for the aged, they are unlikely to garnish cocktail party chat- ter with references to "our crisls of institutions."

Perfldlous Europeans, on the other hand. have fewer inhibi- tions, and Washington corre- spondents are cabling some sharp-edged. stories about the difficultles confronting a hustl- ing. progressive president who still wears a eruseder'e hale. The defeat of Kennedy’: Med- ical Care Bill has led to pointed mention that the president, de- spite his drive aud,det;crmlua- tlou. has succeeded so far In pushing through only It of 383

h European Eyes

By Alan Harvey In Prose sum

new bills since he took office. OLD-FASHIONED SETUP Implicit in nearly all accounts is a feeling that there is some- thing old-fashioned about a leg- islative setup which places the president at the mercy of a few elderly members belonging In this case to his own Democratic

party.

singled out as particular vil- lains of the piece are such pow- erful flgures as Judge Howard .W. Smith, 80-year-old chairman of the House of Representatives rules committee, and 75-year-old Harry F. Byrd. chairman of the senate finance committee.

It_la noted that the chairmen of committees derive fhelr jobs largely from long service, thus putting a premium on seniority and safe seats. -

A British newspaper. The Ob- server. draws this conclusion:

‘flu Europe the old cling to power and block the younger meu's ideas; in America the young are nominally in control but the old man atlll stand in their way."

Moderates“ And Wcrrriors

The split within the Algerian

oelem h ubill meet- tled. And it will not be any to mend -ft, for the differences seem to be between both our sons and policies.

The faction which is now In power. and which negotiated the independence eareemeuta

at i

from the soviet Union, and It has been rumored he would even to so far as to repudiate the Evian agreements with

France. Mr. Ben Belle has been in the

backgrouud for several years. as a prisoner of the I‘:-enc

lI.Bo

National Geographic News Bulletin

some of the first semi-solid con- coctions.

M 0 st guests reported that squeeze-tube corned beef a n (1 cheese - and - ham "sandwich- es" on rye were surprisingly tasty. The meats had been cook- ed, ground, and soaked in their own juices. The rye - bread fla- vor came from powdercd.car- 1-away seeds In the ham-cheese mixture. Less popular was ,the homogenized chicken blend, though some chicken fanclers professed to like It..

Bile-size and semisolid con- centrates are - much improved now, and are expected to con- tinue In use for short or orbital flights. But space planners feel that the quick-freeze dehydration process offers the best techni- que for preserving food supplies for the long-range try for the moon. The water needed to re- constitute such products would be obtained by chemical proces- ses and recycling purified waste water within the capsule.

Atomic irradiation is another food-preserving method now un- dergoing intensive experiments. Even a spacecraft kitchen has been designed. It Includes spe- cial oven and freezer facilities for future way-out travelers. Na-

tional Geographic reported.

OUR YESTERDAYS

(From the Guardian Files)

TWENTY FIVE YEARS AGO (July 25, 1937)

‘ The Prince Edward Isle nd Governmenfis again this year conducting a Tourist Information Bureau at Aulac, N.B. George Inman, a bright college student, is incharue.

(Atlantic City. N_.J.) The Neill» mil 1'' tie of Business and Professional Women resolved to-_ day to renounce any special fa- vors accorded women by mascu- llne-conlgrolled government and fight for strict equality of th e

sexes under law TEN YEARS AGO

received the Governor General'e Literary Award for one of the best Canadian books of from His Excellency. the Vincent Massey, at a recent din- ner in London. Ont. Dr. MacKlu- non received the Gold Medal for his academic non-fiction w o r k “Government of Prince Edward Island" which was published in 1951. Mrs. Maclflnuou was one of the [uesta at the presentation.

The roar of high powered ‘en-'.

Vaccination" For Smallpox Is Termed Vital

Iy Dr. ‘needs:-a B. Van Della‘:

ll were treated its one hospital lu Euulaud last year. Many victims were cbll drea sense had several thou- sand pustules over the body. Two patlen had between M00.

and 10,000 lesions on the skin. Threeofthe uroup dledend the remainder have seen that pro- bably will last I lifetime. Vac- chluetiou w.oauld have prevented

e as s. .

In the first five months of 1902 five importation: of smallpox Pakistan caused 70 cases of smallpox and 26 deaths in’

as.

may protect up to a lifetime but It is not safe to trust this pro- tectlou for more than three years. our health authorities suueat revacclnatlou at-1b I I

enter or reenter this country nu- leae he can show proof that he was vaccinated wiithiu the pre-

ree years.

No one should become so com- placent es to neglect re-vaccine- tion, regardless of whether he plans to travel. If the majority of our people should neglect this precaution. we might suddenly become a nation unprotected.

This has happened in certain nations, as in England, and the first case sets off the fuse of hy- steria. Everyone wants to be vaccinated at once. This creates a problem because the supply of vaccine is limited and it is dif- lcult to get men and women to drop everything and line up for vacclnation. -

Smallpox was I dread disease before Jenner discovered the preventive late in the lath cen- tury. From 25 to 35 per cent died and the remainder we re scarred for life.

The infection begins with fe-

ver aud vlalant aching. After .311??? days. a rash resembling measles appears. The following day the aching stops and fever lllb-‘aides: 24 to 48 hours later, the typical smallpox eruption appears as small hard knots deep in the skin. ‘ The face, neck, chest, fo r e- arms, and hands are favored flrsl. followed by spread of t n a lesions to the remainder of the body. The pox are the size of a split pea; they feel shotly at fir- st but soon become blisterlike. After the blisters rupture, crusts form which fell off In time.

We want no more of this. Get vaccinated.

(Dr. Van Delleu will answer questions on medical topics if stamped. self-addressed enve- lope accompanies request.)

BLOOD TEST FOR CANCER

Mrs. C.I{. writes In th a re

any reliable blood test to show

If cancer is present any place e body?

REPLY There is no reliable bloodiest except in diagnosing leukemia or other cancers of the blood. ALKALI -FOODS C.W. writes: Are there a uy foods that neutralize excess hy- drochloric acid in the stomachu EPLY

Yes. Milk 'and cream are good

examples. NEGATIVE PAP TEST

Mrs. D. Writes: Does a nega- tive cervical Pap smear mean there Is no cancer?

EPLY Yea—ln that area. But excep- tions occur such as a cancer that is only a few days old.

D.M. writes: I have osteopor- osis and arthritis. If I drink milk for the first will it make the ace- ond worse?

REPLY No. and there is no reason io_ behave it will help the first.

ONE A E.!:. writes: Are cataracts in both eyes removed at th a same time?

EPLY A No. It is safer to do one at a

NOTES BY THE wAvT‘

happy as to be. -- Chatbem Daily News. 2 Why lees e beau- llke you work in‘ such tblsf Waltzes-s-. Br . — hamlltea

ilful girl

a dunua also cause I owe it Spectator.

The Ceuailleu Young lecreds have cbauued their name to Canadian Young social credit- era because they tboua former name was "too sl

"funny money" to “amusing cur- rency." -— Hamilton spectator.

It doesn't aeens Ie matter what party Heseu Argue belongs to, he can't seem to lose in the Saskatchewan constituency of Asalulbola. He won the seat for re. and than

18. Despite his length of service In the House of Commons. Mr. Argue is still a relatively young man and therefore presumably his mind

ppo to see what he could do In Asslnlbola runninu as a Conservatlve.—Ha- mlltou spectator. ‘

I: a sale as "arm-s 5...... to De 2

real owners of the carimrg aee them once In a wlule?--Chg.

were invented the

them

“Death, wbaf does is meg. that Mr. Smith went to the can. ‘notice as a delegate e7-v ‘It means, son, that Mrs Smith didn't rzo along with mm." .. Montreal Scar. ,1 The Desulelee Bureau of em. utlcs has figured out that the average Canadian 'amr-y upend. 851! a year on its automobile; 8508 on clothing, $280 in amok. in: and alcohol, but only $39 on education and $85 on reading. I-003111! at It this way. the fuss about the high cost of -choc-llnq doesut make much sense. _. Gait Reporter. An old farm lelsorerlserl just been employed on a farm owned by I lady who thoush‘ wealthy, had a reputation for stlnglneaa, when dlnner- e came around he noted with disgust that th a only fare on the table. In addi. tlou to bread. butter and tea. was a tiny spot of honey in the centre of a large plate. After eating In silence for some mo- ments, he looked hard at the honey and said: "I see, ma’am, you keep a bee." -- Gull Re. Porter.

High Altitude Cold War

lieu science Monitor

Take a border conflict. Add charges of mu el aggression. Press the arms race with orders for new weapons. the latent models. Drive up the national budget. season with strong na- tlonal feelings. The resplt: a po- llcy of military strength to deter aggression, applied vigorously the instant another power steps across the line.