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PA“ I FRIDAY. AUGUST 28. 19“.

/' Up For DISCUSSlOl’l

It may be that Prince Edward Island will make Confederation his- tory again when Canada's prime minister and provincial premiers visit us here next week. The agenda, it will be noted, includes a federal- provincial conference at which changes in the British North Am- erica Act will likely be discussed.

Prime Minister Pearson has in- dicated that he is hopeful of agree- ment being reached on this question at I: the Charlottetown conference.

This could mean puting an end to '

the procedure which makes British parliamentary consent for any constitutional amendment involving both the federal and prov- incial governments.

It is essential, as Mr. Pearson stressed, that the method introduc- ed of amending the constitution should guarantee the rights of the provinces with some hope of im- partial consideration when these clash with the opinion of the federal government or when there is dis- agreement about some proposed amendment.

There is some talk of the establishment, by agreement, of some kind of constitutional court responsible for interpreting the con- stitution and composed of federal and provincial personnel. While the Supreme Court of Canada could > darry out this function, there might lie objection on the ground that the aburt’s judges are named exclusive- lfi by the federal authorities.

3 It is natural that the provinces fiiould be concerned with preser- {ing their rights under the BNA Act, but there are good reasons for eliminating its more cumbersome provisions so long as these rights can be adequately safeguarded. The qoming conference should at least pave the way to a satisfactory solution of this problem.

: The Poor Man!

% Enough by this time has been daid, we trust, in refutation of the outrageous claim advanced by lilayor Vaughan of Halifax that ‘llhe Nova Scotia capital and not Charlottetown is the true Cradle (If Confederation. We shan’t at- ibmpt to add any more fuel to the flame of this controversy.

The poor man must now be re- allizing the enormity of the blunder lie has committed, and perhaps eeking a way to make retribution. 1' that be so. we suggest that he ome on a pilgrimage to our Con- ederation Shrine while our centen- ial ceremonies are in progress, and blicly disavow his heretical views. en he can be received back into e true faith which holds that it i res here. and nowhere else, that ‘I Ionfederation was born and cradled, ind all will be forgiven and forgot-

ALLAH-

"'W""‘""‘ ‘ “‘— ‘

I

Meanwhile we are reminded by he incident of another valid claim I) distinction we have in this con- ieetion. It is set forth in the fore- rora which Dr. D. 0. Harvey, re- , [red provincial archivist for Nova ’ieotla, affixed to the edition he . sought out eoma years ago of Hon.

w ' ’- Whelan's “The Union of the Provinces.”

“It is unfortunate,” wrote Dr. " ~ ",1 "that the Fathers of Con- : 7. 'who we're so conscious of their labors,

.m. accounts of their V it is to the credit of ~ ' g the Canadian prov- ” Its delegates M lently aware of the posterity.” leave behind , account of the greatest bhtory. From Prince

“milieu,

Edward Islanders have come the

three most useful accounts of the negotiations which immediately pre-

ceeded the creation of the Dominion. Of these, two were compiled by

Fathers of Confederation, and the

other by a son of one of the Fathers.”

The reference here was to Whel- an's own book—whose “present and permanent value," said Harvey, "can hardly be overrated”— to the notes of Hon. A. A. Macdonald, another Island delegate, which have been

I edited by Dr. A. G. Doughty for m to It or to the Aasoclalad Plan or Routers .

the Canadian Historical Review, and to the minutes of the Quebec and London conferences compiled by Sir Joseph Pope, secretary to Sir John A. Macdonald.

It is to these Island authorities that subsequent historians have had to go for most of their know- ledge of what the Confederation Conferences were all about.

Farming From The Air

Every year some 150 million acres of land throughout the world are treated from the air with chemi- cals, pesticides, weedkillers and fertilizers—a task which involves over 10.000 aircraft of one kind or another. These figures were given by a British farm expert in a re- cent BBC broadcast. But another aspect of farming from the air was

necessary -

discussed in the broadcast, of par- ticular interest to potato growers.

This was the detection by infra- red photographs of potato blight—— an airborn virus, as our Island farmers are well aware, which in the right conditions can spread very rapidly from plant to plant and field to field. It is hoped, as a result of studies being carried out

at Cambridge University, that this photo technique will in time lead to

earlier detection of blight than is

posible at present.

Blight is not normally seen until

it has spread to several fields, but

Infra-red photography shows up the patches very clearly. One of the things the researchers discovered was that a. great many of the out- breaks arose not from a diseased tuber planted with the crop, as was usually supposed, but from dumps of diseased potatoes in ditches and corners of yards outside the fields. These were very difficult to locate from the air, but by photographing field patches and working back- wards they could often be traced.

It is claimed also for the new aerial photographic technique that it can detect other diseases, such as the leaf-spot disease of celery and patches in cereals or sugar-beet due to bad soil conditions. Its great merit is that it shows up patterns of disease development which are quite undistinguishable from the ground.

Doubtless we shall be hearing more about this new technique as the experiments continue.

Oldiime Liiierbugs

This has been a fine year for archaeologists, The Times of Lon- don reports. lron age camps and a Roman Basilica have been unearth- ed in Britain. Kitchen rubbish piles have been dug up. And while an oc- casional section of mosaic flooring or a stock of coins or a largely whole vase is found, the archaeologists often learn a lot more from the scattered bones and food scraps, the broken flints, the discarded in- struments—the litter people left in those ancient days.

It helps the experts, as The Times says, “to populate the scene, to comprehend the customs.” And

the unwelcome fact emerges that.

we would know a lot less about the past of our distant ancestors if they had been “good citizens" in our sense of the term, and carefully gathered up and disposed of their trash rather than leaving it around.

Under modern conditions, how- vera, we just can’t afford to be lit- terbugs. There are still far to many of them around. and we have no sympathy for them when they get penalized in the courts for their carelessness, or fall into disrepute among their more conscientious neighbors.

EDITORIAL NOTE

There are 300,000 radio "hams" —radio enthusiasts who operate short-wave broadcasting transmit- ters—in various parts of the world. The latest applicants to join this international band are 28 pupils at a school'in Fort Dauphin, an isolatp ed community in the southeast of

THE BITTER ’OLE

. larae audience. out of a total of 265 MP5

EleWA REPORT by

Patrick NIcIlOISOn

Accusations In French Pass Unheedecl

Is bilingualism in our Parlia- ment a flop? Do MPs close tiieir ears to speeches delivered in “the other language". despite the costly and elaborate sys- tem of simultane ou s transla- Q 7

on.

Gilles Gregoire, deputy lead- er of the Crcdltisle Rally of Que- bec, is one of the most persistent advocates of the equal use of the French language in Parliament. A public relations practitioner in private life. this - year - old sidekick of R e al Caouette one of the most persistent orat- ors in the House of Commons, and he speaks exlemporaneou- sly with a praiseworthy fluency. His French torrent of verbiage is reminiscent of a burst dam, and he boasts an almost equal facility in the English language although understands bly he prefers to speak French.

Thus one day last week he was crating in full throat from his remote place at the distant end of the Opposition front bench. Th e time was shortly after the opening of the House. so the attendance was high when he rose to speak. His reaping voice rose to a high pitch; emphasized his cascading words with a pounding right hand, like a boxing referee counting out a felled gladiator.

But as the decibels of the spe- aker increased, his audience de- creased.

BlLlNGUALlSM - NO!

A steady trickle of Members slipped out into the lobbies, pre— lei-ring a “coffin nail" to the Creditiste wall: Cabinet Minis- ters slipped out to talk. Even Mrs. P c a r son left the specta- rors' gallery. Th e e might have been disinterested in the subject matter, or perhaps the language or even the gabble of the rapid-fire speech them. Real Csouetle was in his seat beside Gregoire. But then there was a gap right along the front benches. with no less than thirteen seats vacant. until the eye reached Opposition Leader Diefenbaker. seemingly engros- sed in readlnl.

Four members of Mr. Greg- oire's own party were in their seats: so were three tsocial Cre- diiers, four New Democrats. thirty - one Conservatives and thirty - nine Liberals. Mr. Greg- oire's oratory was not holding a

Of this thlrly per cent and- Ience. I noted onlv one MP who was obviously listening to Mr. Gregoire. That was a Cabinet Minister from Quebec. Maurice

I know because I heard G rc-

goire break the simplest and first rule of the House. Yet no- body called him to order. the

Speraker .Iirl not demand a re- fraction of his words. no collea- gue of the maligned \iP sprang to his defence. They seemingly neither cared nor even in.ch what Gregoire was saying in his French cararact of words.

In fact he declared: "...Je Hell 5 a dire que le depule dc S‘ierbrooke a mentl... ll men effrontement a la Chambrc... Which means. . to say that the honourable Mem- ber for Sherbrooke lied... lie

3"

lied shamelessly to the Home."

It is a basic rule of Parliament that the word of an M must accepted by his colleagues: no MP may accuse another of delib- erately expressing a falsehood in the Chamber. In many years ex- perience I have n e v e r before heard any MP utter a charge in such strong and definite terms and not be at once called tto order.

This perhaps small but very s i g nlficant incident suggests that bilingualism, in so far as it means the effective use of the French language, is not working in Parliament.

Lamonta Inc. Several of the o t h e r Quebeckers had left. and of those remaining I noticed some reading newspapers. some writing. some talking with their neizhboura. a a me doslns - matching the occupations of the English - speaking MPs pre-

sen . “OUT 0? ORDER" I know that nobody, not even the bilinzu sl Speaker of the ousc. perhaps not even Lam. ontazne, was seriously listening.

PUBLIC FORUM

his column is open is can disc-sic by correspondent of ‘Iaaflels d b- Ietee‘. he Guardian

ease. eerily endorse ib opinion of some pills-ls. All letters published an seb- leoi to editing and colds-satin where necessary. In Guardian ls usable ea eater late any ssmespeed is letters ass-mas.

NEID 0" man Sin—In referrln to the letter in Monday's Gus a about the monument of the luv. Donald MacDonald. (at one time min-

made to look respectable. l for one would libs to do my part. am r. .. ALEX )1. ACORN Cardigan.

_ Protecting The President

Gall Reporter

The former director of U.s, Central Intelligence Allen W.D. Dulles declared in Washington recently that the assassinat- ion of President Kennedy should lead Americans to demand that their President be fully prorecled from crowds. Soon after there was rather convincing evidence that the protective shield around Chief Executive had been strengthened. ‘

Before President Johnson ar- rived at Syracuse University to open a new School of Journal ism. the building was subjected to seven complete inspections by Secret Service men. who em- ployed geiger counters and a mine detector in their work.

When the President landed in Syracuse. Secret Service agents

3' re

manned U.S. ma'rine helicopt-

ers flying just above the tree- tops and checkln a wide sector of the university campus in a cries cross pattern.

Perched on slanted rooftops of nearby houses were local no state police. Augmenting secu- rity forces among the crowds were uniformed firemen.

The guarding of the national leader always appears excessive to Canadians. Yet the dreadful affair in Dallas proved what can happen if protective measu- res leave fhe slightest loophole. No doubt the crisis in Viol Nam caused security measures at Syracuse to be the tilhlest pos sible. But domestic tensions in the United States are of a type that o s n encourage a warped mind to conclude that the nat- ion’s President is expendable.

Why Not Two Months?

Ottawa

The meeting of the party lead— ons Friday was not nearly the failure some political and press vultures would have us believe.

Mr. Pearson wants a time limit there, perhaps three weeks. Mr. Dlefenbsker speaks of two months. Surely that difference can be bridged?

But if was progress that Mr.

eanson and Mr. Difenbaker talked about giving the matter to a committee

Mr. Pearson wants a week time limit there, Mr. Diefcnbaker speaks o wo months. Surely that difference can be bridged?

Mr. Pearson's three-week lim- it would be efficient if the com- mittee is simply to discuss and approve the flag he has design- ed. But is that the objective? A

three-

Journal

committee should hear other suggestions with a view to agreeing in principle on one that would unite rather than divide the country. i

That could take three weeks but .lhe heraldic experts would then have to provide as lea and there should be decent true allotted for a fitting comics to the debate as that the nation could bear talk of unity once more. Two months to find a flu —thst's but a heartbeat is the life of a coup

Mr. Pearson and Mr. Dictap- bsker are closer fosather than they may rasllaa. s lia- ten to the country's caltlo

I Soviet

Moscow‘s announcement that a year is to be cut off the 11- year system of primary a n school education adopted in 1058 marks a major retreat from one of the most important reforms Premier Khrushchev has impos- ed on Soviet society.

Six years ago Mr. Khrushchev argued that the then existing Io- viet school system was too aca- demically oriented. that it turn- ed out "loafers" who expressed “lordiy contempt for labor" re» that than training Muslrlea and competent workers for the Soviet econoin . ills "solutloa" was to add a can dose of vo- cations] trslnlns and actual aa- uie-iob expel-lam to lbs school curriculum.

'l'odolbla. the old 10- you training period was languich and actual work in factories and other enterprises, two days a week. became a normal part a! Iovi sec ary education. in onlcslly. all this Rusien rearin-

ilrat lovlaf aputnibs delivered le this nation's self-esteem am moving is the "posits muse They were a lag educa- tion ls' mathematics sal-

ad asset "eels! ea" wldl ase-

School Retreat Times

New York

posedprioritielinlevlefheh-

ing.

,Readers of the null!“ DWI have known for several years a! widespread dissatisfaction with the Khrushchev orm

gradu for ,who were, in cases, neither well- trained workers nor edueab

i

I he Sovi ion it lead. after all. the point M vii fell " ls‘sevik criticism and self- crlflclsm" must give way discretion.

Safety Belts A Life Sayer

By Be.

More than so million Americ-

ans llave been killed or, led

in auto accidents since the rat

boneless carriage obu s ud

down tri‘iobblaalblie streets. at s

ever will be able to provant traffic casualties. 0n the other band, we should be able to pre- vent or reduce fa .

save a per cent of the victims of motor mishaps. Many more will be salvaged when the shoulder strap-lap belt combination is utilised m ore widely. Changing the interior design of the car will help mini- mize the snout of the am

done c as.

The Australians call seal bells safe bells - a mere descrip- tive rm. Americana might use them more shamed. Some people object to these devices because they muss the clothes and are a nuisance to put on. Others are afraid of being trspped in the car after an ace de . Those fact

m—year-old man was involv- ed in a head-on collision that de- stroyed both cars. The seat belt held but the forward thrust was so great it ruptured his spleen. Surgery had to be done and he recovered. The seat belt was responsible for the damage to the spleen, as pointed out. But the chance of surviving such a mishap is almost nil and the outcome would have been far worse had the man not been wearing the bel .

e understand a new self-ad- justing. inertial- stop safety belt is available in England. The spare length of the belt is taken up on a spring-loaded spool al the floor mounting. This allows for gradual expansion.

IT COMES AND GOES Mrs. M.C. writes: Why is psor- iasis always referred to as ti: o heartbreak disease? v FLY I am not familiar with the term. Possibly it is used be- cause recurrences are common. Just when the victim thinks he has rid himself of the ugly scal- es they resppear, This is disap- pointing but scarcely h e a rt- breaking.

HIKING OPERATION Mrs. O, writes: Can a fallen bladder be replaced by surgical means?

REPLY Yes. This is a common opera- tion among women who have

d ll

NOTES BY THE WAT

"lapses-l leases to water 'l'baedaral..VaaDalleai WW

II #35.

wane-db-

Tbs wading sills play and in a prominent posi- tion was a check to lbs or. groom w ling, who is that man landfill at your father's gill?" "0b, him —be's just the aldanl of the bank." replied bride—Wind- sor Star.

la was bemoaalag be fast that bounded a new car. Ills present old bus had really bad it. But he couldn't spare the money needed to get another one. “'I‘Iiat'a no noblam.” a friend ed. "‘l‘bera'c a pier in town who will let you veacarwitb no down pay- ment, and lb first payment doesn‘t have to be made u nfll October." "October of what year?" the diam m a a asbsd.— Fort William Times- Journal.

hibewoodaatnlflt,“ heal-lua-frcunlliaabnamiruwr wi indicate lbepsaraat

contra."—Daaa can at,

for 06,000 from line bride’sbe . “Dar-

speech

found."- Wall Street Jourliiilf)‘ Mush "Take a look u what you did to this!" Llllndry. also - "-I can't Inythln

aee wrong with that piece of lace." tomor— ‘ II. that

Gus . bee was a bed abaeti"- decals on. server

“A California «stem-n ad- vises against living to be 100." -Preaa report. Thla may be good advice. as a person has to «pend mob tin». money and effort and endure many frustra-