RISE FOUR

THE GUARDIAN

Morning bully (Pounded ll llll) Authorised l: Second Clan hlull, Poll Ollloo Depurtlneut, Ottawa.

The lllluil Guardian Publishing Co. Editor and Managing Director, .l. ll. llurnett. Auoclute Editor, Frank Wullier.

"The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink"

WEDNESDAY, NOV. 2, 1940

CHARIIOTTETOWN.

A I-‘atefiil liay

The tentative date of January 10th, set for the Federal Provincial Conference on constitutional amendments, allows little time for Provincial Premiers to determine their attitude, and far too little time for them to prepare effective defences against the forces of centralization.

In view of this it is hoped that the con- ference will be a round-table discussion of all matters pertaining to the evolution of the Canadian Constitution, and that the Premier's will return home before commit- ting themselves to any action.

Prime Minister St. Laurent has intimated in his exchange of letters with Premier Duplessis, that on matters of purely Fed- eral concern the Dominion Government will take the necessary action without reference

_to the Provincial Governments. This of course carries with it the suggestion that the Federal Government will decide when a matter is “purely Federal."

With the Supreme Court of Canada as the last appeal in matters of dispute be- tween the parties to Confederation, we may be certain that any voluntary surrender of our birthright will be noted and recognized at future appeals. While there is no ques- tion as to the absolute fairness, integrity, and ability of this court, it did not originally undertake to guarantee provincial rights. and its decisions will be largely based upon precedents as in any other court of law. This might conceivably result in a decision against the Province of Quebec, because of a parallel uncontested acceptance by the Province of Prince Edward Island.

We may not always have a moderate government and should the power fall into the hands of radicals, would we regret the loss of safeguards in provincial and civic authority?

The Federal Government holding the purse strings may find itself with full mone- tary control, so that other governments which were once equal in sovereignty, had to come cap in hand for funds; then any provincial government approaching with un- doffed cap, might fail to secure its fiscal needs and its electors forced to choose a more servile body.

January 10th may be a momentous day; let us hope that future gei" ations may be able to say of its fathers .hat they too “builded better than they knew."

York Again To The Fora

Community cooperation and enterprise are again strongly in evidence as may be noted from the fact that the York Variety Concert, presented by the community, is to be staged for five nights commencing to- night. In the spring of 1946, the York Com- munity first came into prominence for their concerts when they presented variety type entertainment which was scheduled for two nights’ run, something unusual for a country concert. The entertainment was such a success, and there were so many peo- ple turned away that the management found it necessary to stage the performance for two additional nights. This success was followed in the Fall of the same year with a five night run concert of the "ame type. It was then that York caught on as the producers of fine type variety concerts ac- centuating smart vaudeville acts with short plays. Last Fall the York players scheduled their concert to run five nights but were forced to carry it on to the eighth night, and eventually were requested to stage their performance in the Empire Theatre in Char- lottetown for one night, which resulted in more than 200 people being turned away at curtain call.

The proceeds from these concerts have been used so far in improving the Church Hall, repairs to the church, cemetery fund and this year improvements will be made to the York Parsonage. The York Commun- ity and in particular business manager Mr. Leith Brown and the program directors, Messrs. Arthur and Harry Vesey are to be congratulated on the progress and suc- cess of their endeavours.

EDITORIAL NOTES O O O

It is announced from Ottawa that the Government is favourable to making the whole of Canada dual language, but not just yet. -

O O O

Benevenuto Cellini, Italian artist, metal worker, sculptor and flautist, born this date 1500. His greatest work as a sculptor is the bronze group, "Perseus Holding the Head of Medusa.”

'11» seuon’: iii-d blizzard, sweeping

southern Alberta and Saskatchewan,

blanketed Lethbridge, Alta. with 20 inches of snow, forced rural schools to close, caught Alberta farmers with 100,000 tons of sugar beets unharvested, says Time. ‘

The 3-man commission's report oh “mu- tinous incidents” in ships of the R. C. N. bares many messdeck gripes but is on the whole reassuring. There is no subversive activity in the Navy. There are inadequa- cies in leadership which the Navy can be trusted to remedy as far as the exigencies of a programme of large scale part-time training permit.

Ottawa theatre director Malcolm Morley complains about the small number of Cana- dian plays available for production. That in turn is partly due to the few opportuni- ties playwrights here have of seeing their work produced. The Little Theatre pro- vides such opportunities and may well prove the stimulus which will result in the growth of Canadian drama.

O O I

The suggestion of a British Labour M.P. that Canada should transfer from the dollar area to the sterling area highlights at once the inadequacy of these terms. We are not in the sterling area because we sell more than we buy from Britain. At the same time we are not strictly in the dollar area because we buy more from the United States than we sell. O

According to Health Minister Martin new regulations regarding the standardiza- tion of bread will probably be announced before Christmas. Health department of- ficials, he said in an interview, have been consulting officials of the national council of the baking industry with a view to re- defining standards. Bread standardization problems include standards of vitamins, per- centage of milk powder, vitamin fortification

and other problems.

There is much that the Senate could do to make the Parliamentary machine func- tion more efficiently but assuming responsi- bility for money bills is not one of them. The suggestion of Government Leader Wish- art Robertson that estimates and budget resolutions be studied in a Senate commit- tee while they are still before the Commons will not do much to raise the Upper House in public esteem.

O Results of a full scale investigation into the town of Dresden, Ontario-the only Canadian community where open discrim- ination against Negroes is as openly con- doned-were published today by Maclean's Magazine. The investigation, undertaken by social worker Sidney Katz revealed one startling fact: Although Dresden’s adults keep Negroes out of restaurants, beauty parlors and barbershops, all young people under the age of 17 treat them as equals. O

Egg prices on October 28 this year and previous years. The prices quoted below are for Grade A Large. At Montreal and Toronto the prices are those at which grad- ed shipments are selling to wholesalers. At other points quotations are prices to ship- pers for ungraded eggs. 1949 Montreal . . . . . . 53-56 Toronto . . . . . . . 50-52 Winnipeg . . . . . . 52 Vancouver . . . . . 56 Edmonton . . . . . 55 Regina........ 55 Charlottetown 58 O O

Contestations of the election last June 27 of Mayor Camillien Houde as member of Parliament for Papineau division, of Dr. Gaspard Fauteux in St. Mary division, and of Azellus Denis in St. Denis division were summarily dismissed In each case in Su- perlor Court. The cases were called in turn before Mr. Justice Louis Loranger and Mr. Justice Hector Perrier for the purpose of fixing a date for hearing the contestations on merits, but as nobody appeared to sup- port either of the petitions, and proof hav- ing been given that notices of the proceed- ings had been served on the respective peti- tioners, the petitions were dismissed and re- spondents were declared validly elected in their respective constituencies. ‘ O Premier McNair is eager and willing to cooperate towards curbing the sale and dis- tribution of crime books in New Brunswick. Declaring that the New Brunswick govern- ment was deeply concerned about the wide- spread distribution of objectionable publica- tions Mr. McNair noted that during the last session of the provincial Legislature con- sideration was given to the introduction of legislation to curb the circulation of such publications in the province. A study of the problems by his department, however, had resulted in the opinion that it would be dif- ficult, if not impossible, to deal effectively with it by- provincial legislation. Mr. Mc- Nair added that the province was eager to co-operate with federal authorities In work-

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1947 55-55 l/g 53-54

1948

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CHARLOTTETOWN Loony Looks At Art

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QOWGOiOOZQlOO Old Charlottetown

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THE SCHOOLMA STER

"We gelled him master because he was master, not teacher, be- cause teaching was the last thing he thought of doing. He had no appliances to make study amusing or interesting. His only piece of apparatus was a short stick, of good grain and sound heart, or a dichotomous piece of leather pro- perly tempered by smoke and fire. To temper t-‘his instrument was considered as necessary an accom- plishmcn-t as the mending of a pen. A master who could not manufac- ture his tools was as ill considered as a blacksmith who should forge an axe which would not hold its edge.

"in those days there were very few professors, but. there were plenty of schoolmaster-s, which is in singular contrast with the pre- sent state of affairs, when the unl- versities are crowded with pro- fessors who hold classes for two hours a day, five days in the week for five months in the year, and the schools are left to the tender- ness of immature girls and celibate women. To be a professor is easy. To be u good schoolmaster is given to few. The breed appears to be nearly extinct. How they

were created no one knows. Pos- sibly they were professors who were spoiled in the making by developing too fine and. hard s temper. Occasionally they were xholars who had fallen from their high estate by some infirmity of the flesh, but they were extremely competent to exorcise folly from the young, especially at times when remorse for their own infirmity was strong upon them.

“The principle upon which this old master proceeded was that all boys could be improved by being confined in-1 school-house. All could learn obedience just as the most ferocious animal could be re- duced to submission, if only the penalty for obstinacy, sullenness, or disorder were made heavy enough. But by anything which could be learned from books only the few were expected to profit. Education was free, that is, free to all who had the resolution to seize upon it and make it their own. Like the Kingdom of Heaven it must be taken by violence. It was free in the same way that the elements are free in the soil, the fish in the sea, and precious metals in the earth—free only to those who are willing to endure the toil of making them their own. "To cajole, or even to force an unwilling or incapable boy to learn from books, was considered a piece of stupid outrage upon the

-boy and a waste of the master's

time. The master's business was to maintain order. enforce dis- cipline, and exact obedience, to create an atmosphere favorable to the development. of the mind in those who had minds to develop. The only escape from this rigid discipline was into the realms of fancy, and those who were unable

out inrto the world and quickly found their place as craftsmen. and toilets upon the land or upon the IQ. O l I

"After the hateful tasks of the school, the severest bodily labour on farm or in the workshop was regarded as the highest luxury to all but the few who in some way, perhaps on account of laziness, had L infected with the desire for learning. Upon these few this old master would lavish his affection and learning. No pearls were too

borioul. Alter having been duly punished for sudh gross vices as lying and fighting, these chosen few were reserved for the precious privilege of being whipped for pronouncing s Latin word with u false quantify. Thai was a distinc- tion to which none but the few could aspire.

“And yet I have seen upon those rude benches, boys of thirteen who had mustered the nix books of Euclid, and were not inlensible to the wide liumlmty of Hones. How it came about also, that e yen later they were reading the Gospels in Greek, it would be difficult for me to explain, or to make under- stood. l think that the Iuoceu of this school was due to the master's bellof that educetl should Jerve no practical end. and that the mo- ment it strove to be useful-It be- came uselel for any purpose whatever. The end and elm of his ambition we: the cultivation of tnts and the de lopmeht of

Illll Illill slur

to rise to those heights were forced '

precious and no lollcitude too la- ,

upon this, that he could do noth- ing for a boy who had no mind. He could not do more for him than God had done. Wltih the making of craftsmen he had noth- ing to do; he was concerned mere- ly with the making of men."

--From an address on earlier days in Prince Edward Island, de- livered before the Canadian Club at Toronto, November 27, 1911, by the late Sir Andrew Macphail.

The Potato Situation

(Ottawa Citizen)

Reports from Washington specu- late on the possibility the admin- istration will again ask the Can- adian government to put a ban on the export of potatoes into the United States as was done last. year. The Americans had a strong argument s year ago in asking for the ban. They were faced with a big surplus of pota- toes because of a bumper crop of 448,000,000 bushels. Huge quanti- ties were left to rot since there is no economical use for potatoes ex- cept for human consumption. Washington had come to the res- cue of the growers at that time by buying potatoes at $2.85 u hun- dredweight. It cost the treasury $250,000,000 and any potatoes-go-