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PAGE 4, MONDAY JAN., 13. ifii

The Liberal Convention , The leadership race at the Lib-

_eral national convention this week

is between two seasoned veterans,’

Hon. Lester B. Pearson and ‘Hon. Paul Martin, with, the chances re- portedly favouring Mr._ Pearson by

a wide margin. This is the concensusf

of newspaper opinion across Canada and we give it for what it is worth. We make no pretense of being pro- phets, and in any case we have no inside knowledge "which would qualify us to pass an opinion of value to any Well-informed reader. It is worth noting, however, as does the (Liberal) Winnipeg Free Press, that the ‘convention has an- other problem to grapple with be- sides than of balloting for a succes- sor to Mr. St. Laurent. It must draft a policy on which the Party is to appeal to the country.‘ ' . ‘ Such a policy, says the. Free

Press, should not be excessively de- ; L

tailed. aiicumstances change too quickly. at seems sensible now

may be entirely inappropriate’ ‘:1

year. or two hence. It is therefore-

I-nost important that the delegates

‘ be restrained in their grinding of

particular’ axes. “To »make a policy too particular is to devalue it; it then quickly becomes out of, date. To clutter’ up the policy with too much detail also means softening,» not strengthening, its immediate im- pact.” ’ ~ I So goodian authority as Winston Churchill once gave a British Con-

‘servative gathering much the. same

advice. But the Free Press was doubtless thinking of an example

nearer home. It may well have had .

in mind the Liberal platform of 1919, which contained detailed panaceas

for everything, and proved’ (quite

successful at the polls. But Mr. Mackenzie King. found , it so em- arrassing, subsequently, that he had to explain that he regarded the platform as ' “only, a chart”; and Mr. Fielding is alleged to have said that,

like a railway platform, it was “only I

‘made to get inon.” . _ The Ottawa Journal (Conserva-

tive) concedes that Conservafivef

platforms have not-1 been much bet-‘ ter. Actually, it suggests, our politi. cal parties ‘when they hold their na- tional conventions put the cart ,be-- fore the horse;. they write a platform first and elect a leader afterwards,

when it‘ should be the other way .1

around. The leader, or prospective

leader, should sit in on“‘the' resolu- 1

tions committees, and help in fram. ing the platform that he, is sup- posed to carry out. As it happens, the fleader is too engaged with ‘leader- ‘Sh1P Campaigning to ‘concern him-

Self With the Dlatform. He just takes 1

what he is given, and tries to make

‘the most of it. And what he is given

is too often a mosaic of ill-consider- ed, half—baked declarations put to. gether irresponsibly with the sole ideathat they may mean votes in this area or that. '_ Perhaps this week’s Liberalzcon-A

Vention at Ottawa will set a better ,

precedent. Whether it would bring the Part»? out of,the doldrums in which it is now languishing is an. other question. But it would cer- tamly make the going easier for the new leader if and when he does be- come prime Minister——whether it be Mr. Pearson or Mr. Martin--—-or even W1" energetic Mr. Henderson-upon whom the responsibility falls.

The Extra Mile '

In his State of the Union message President Eisenhower stated: “I say Once more to all peoples that we will always go the extra mile with any- one on earth if it will bring" us

‘H9319? 3 germ“? Peace”. He—or

whoever wrote that particular par- agraph—-was referring to a passage in the Sermon on the Mount (Au- thorized Version); “Whosover shall compel thee to a go a mile, go with him twain”.

It means doing a little m.ore than .

one is obligated to do, meeting one’s opponent more than half way, carry. ing patience and perseverance be- yond normal limits. One way to put the injunction into practice would be to accept Russia’s suggestion for a new summit meeting in Geneva,

4

' cent

even though the chance of coming to an agreement on outstanding problems may be no greater than it was at the last meeting of heads of Governments. Another would be to accept Prime Minister Macmillan’s suggestion of an East-West pact of non-aggression, even though there is already such a pact under the charter of‘ the United Nations. Still

another would be to persuade Mr- John Foster Dulles to be a little less‘ ’

truculant in his dealings with Sov- iet leaders.

Perhaps none of these things would ease international tensions; but they could do no harm, and they might even have a slight beneficial effect-provided that carebe taken

to let the Russians know in advance "

that any-willingness on the part of

the West to go the extra mile is not .

motivated by weakness nor by fear of Soviet might. The Presidcnt had this in mind in another part of his speech where he noted that “the first task is to ensure our safety through strength”. The Russians may have a T temporary superiority in rocketry, missiles and alfew oth-

' er scientific developments, but we

may be sure that they themselves do not believe that they are superior to the West in overall military pow- er. The only. thing that keeps them in check‘ is fear of retaliation. And, althoiigh a genuine peace’ and not the threat of retaliation must be the first principle of the policy of the

West, it would be" disastrous for us‘

all if thevwillingness to go the [sec-

» ond mile were interpreted in Mos-

cow as a sure sign of weakness. 1'

C» 3 Mineral Procluction

1957, was a good year “for the Canadian mining 1 industry as a whole—the’ best in its history, in fact. The Dominion Board of Statis- tics reports that production rose to $2,133,941,0s7. Production of _u,ran.-I iumywas nearly tripled, with an in-

creaseover the _,previous_year of $85 .-

million. Copper,l however, declined

' to the extent of $93 million. Zinc de-

clinedrby $26 million and lead by $6 milliom. - A R ’ R ' Coal showed a sharp reduction to $89,892,750; from "$95,344,763 in 1956.‘Tonnage produced fell to 13,-‘

‘183,175 from. 14,915,610. Less Cah-

adian éoal was "shipped abroad in

‘1957. then in any other”year" since value, to" .$1,136,000—,000 from $1,146,000,000.

1933. Metals declined, in

Tonnage, however, rose by 5.4 per cent to 188,000 tons. Copper suffer-

-ed a '_drastic“price reduction ,‘to. an

average 28.93 cents from an aver-

I ‘age of 41.41-icentspin 1956. Lead and

pine-‘also sold for less. ._

Crude petroleum "continued as, the leading commodity with a.value- of nearly $455 million. Nickel was in second place with a value of ap- proximately $261 million, and third "place. was taken by copper (which was intsecond place ih 1956) with a value of $199% million. Iron ore remained in fourth place, with‘ a value of 155% mil1i‘on.'fI‘he overall- increase in mineral production re-

presented a small gain of ._2.5 per the figures of the previous,

year.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Geologists from 15 Asian coun-

tries met in Calcutta,‘ last month to

put the final touches to the draft of the first geological map of Asia, which is to be published next year. .The map is of considerable import-‘

ance, as a detailed and accurate .

knowledge of geological structure is a prerequisite for Asian countries in the exploitation of their mineral resources to create ‘new industries.

42 t FA- Evidently, Prime Minister Die- . fenbaker agrees with Premier

Matheson that extension of thermal power facilities to this Province is covered in, the arrangement made some months ago with Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. It now re- mains for the Provincial Govern-

ment to name the specific projects ‘for which Federal assistance is re-

quired. That being donepthere is

R every reason to expect the aid to be’

forthcoming. 1: ' 1: i

A little thing like the Suez crisis. is not enough to keep the British out of Middle East trade. Recently, 70 delegates from the Arab world ‘at- tended a trade conference in Beirut

-sponsored by a group of British

electricaland engineering firms. It was the largest commercial con- ference ever held by British indus- trialists in the Middle East; and, according to the London Times, it was a successful one from the Bri-

l tish point of view.

I

. R ;.lUNE|NJAll\lUARY 4 C A ‘OTTAWA REPORT ’

_

staged . by the ‘two -big political parties in this capital early‘ in the new year. , -

More Liberal delegates -than ev- er before have been invited to this, ‘the fourth, National Liberal Con-

"ectla new leader for their party, and to revise and redraft their party's programme. Predomin- antly. old- line Liberals hope to steer the party back to. true Li-

C_ity’s"wise old political strate- gist, Senator Chubby Power. in

tion held ten" years ago.

Later this month,‘ delegates will arrive in Ottawa for the Nation- al Conference of the Young Pro- gressive Conservatives, due to op- ‘ on on Saturday, 1st February. ‘- ' This conference will be spent: sored jointly by the Young Pro- gressive Conseratives and by the Progressive Conservative stu- 'dent Federation. It will be e first national gathering ever staged by _the ‘young members of the party entirely on their own. rather than associated with the

sociation.

THE PARTY OF YOUTH

V‘ This.novelty,underlines the re- cent trend towards youthfulness

1 V in the general membership of the

Conservative Party. In the ear-

“thinking” younger people and the C.C.F. .also had‘a big follow- -ing of younger voters.

But at the 1956 National Lead- ership Conventlon of the Progres- sive Conservative Association, ' it struck observers very forcibly that there was an unus ‘ally large number of young deleg tes. This

manifestatitonr of .a pronounced trend. At election meetings there was a prominent and enthusias- tic section of ‘younger people in the audience. At political gather- ings of all kinds through 1957 this trend steadily increased. It

beralism; a course which Quebec’

vain urged on, the last conven-

annual meeting of the senior as-~

lier post - waryears, the .Lib-. erals attracted the majority of.

was no accident: it was the first,

vention. Their task will be to sel- '

Two Significant. Gatherings . ‘ . By Patrick Nicholson _ Special Correspondent for‘ The Guardian

‘Ottawa: The National Conven- was especially noticed at a big . _tion of the Liberal Party open-gdinner gathering held to honour . mg here tomorrow is one of two ‘ very significant gatherings to be

the Right Honourable Arthur Mei- ghen just before Christmas, when a very substantial number of the guests seemed young enough to have been born after‘ Mr. Mei- ghen, first became prime minis- ter of Canada. , ’ ‘/IR. DIEFENBAKER

Since Mr. Diefenbaker first took overleadership of his par- ty, this affinity for Conservatism among many young people has been -growin . i

What has caused this swing? Among -a wide-’ variety of causes, the two’ -most obvious ones might be thewrelease of the Conserva- tive Party from the control by the "old Toronto , fuddy-duddies, and the natural revulsion of ideal-

‘lstic youth against the dictatorial

tendencies of the previous Liber- al government. UNIVERSITY SWEEP

Not ‘every boy and girl can go

to college; andgnot every college student takes an interest in poli- i

tics. But among the small group

bf politically -' minded undergrad-.

uates, the trend to Progressive Conservatism is vividly marked. Elections to the ‘Parliament" of each -university show this clear- ly. In ‘our four Western provinces, the Conservatives have made a clean. sweep“, and have captured the “parliament” of each univer- sity. ' i

In the recent university elec- tions, Conservatives won for the first time over in three western universities‘, British Columbia, Al- berta and Manitoba. And they won for the second time only in Saskatchewan. ~ ‘ '

What is remarkable about this western sweep is that in no one of those provinces do the Con-

servatives form the local gov-

ernment. :

Many of , these students -who gave top place to the Conserva- tives in their university polls are too young to have a vote in our federal elections.

But when former Justice Minis- ter Stuart Garson, an ex-Liberal Cabinet Minister, acted as “Gov-

ernor - General” to read the.

\ Grant Dexter in the

The application of the Canad- ian Woollen manufacturers for higher tariff was resisted by the clothing and dress manufacturers the logging and lumber industry, the Canadian Federation of Agric- ulture, the Interprovincial Farm Union Council and ‘the Consum- ers Association.

The most important of _these are the clothing and dress manu- facturers. They regretted their appearance because‘ I: h e y ’ are part of the Canadian textile in- . dustry. But in their view higher tariffs could not helpthe Canad- ian mills but would injure the clothing industry. and the gener- al public. Every one who buys clothes —- men, women and chil- dren -— will be keenly interested in the case of the clothing and dress industry.

The clothiers first pointed out that the Canadian woollen mills had been in serious trouble in 1954 but had worked their way out by increasing their efficien-

effort and not look for artificial props by way of tariff. ’ PRESENT REQUIREMENTS The clothing manufacturers showsd that they cannot meet fihe

products of Canadian mills. Style changes are becoming more rap- id each year. The clothing manu- facturers are now sending their own experts to the United States for styling and to the United King- dom for exclusive cloth patterns.

The United Kingdom woollen in- dustry is a very large one and it specializes in exclusive style patterns for the United States’

cy. They must now repeat this.

present requirements of the pu-_ blic if they are restricted to the,

market. There is enough business , of this kind available to a British —. _ mill to keep it running on an ex-l turning out $58.7 millions of pro-l from 10 to 20 years,

A A Criticol Tariff Cose

Winnipeg Free Press "

elusive pattern long enough to as- sure good profit. .

But in the small. Canadian market, it is not possible to pro- duce these‘ cloths. Canadian mills

have to have volume to make’ a,

proft ‘and therefore must stay with sta-ple patterns.

The clothing industry said that it would be fatal to give up the special cloths and try to sell sta- ple lines. Severe and growing competition comes from synthe- tic fabrics which can be turned out cheaply in innumerable at- tractive patterns.

SYNTHETIC COMPETITION

Synthetics have been constant- ly cutting into the wool clothing market. In 1946, 12.2 million Ca- nadians bought 40.7 million yards of wools or worsteds. In 1956, 16 millions more prosperous Canad- ians still only bought 40.7 million yards of wools or worsteds. Syn- thetics meantime, gained 50 per cent —— from 86.6 to 123 million yards. '

In these circumstances, an in- crease in the tariff on woollens would be serious. If the clothing industry were driven to use Can- adian cloth, much less attractive than British cloth, their compet- itive position against synthetics would be gravely weakened. If the clothing industry tried to buy British over the higher tariff, their costs would be driven up and the result would be the same.

The clothing industry suggest- ed to the Tariff Board that it was of greater importance than wool- len manufacturing. There are 1,- 769 clothing establishments em- ploying 72,637 people and turning out goods worth $544 millions per

year. There are only 70 woollen’ mills, employing 6,633 people and _

‘PUBLIC FORUM

This column is open to‘ the discus- sion by correspondent: of question of Interest. The Goal dian does not neces- IariLv endorse tho opinion of correl- pondentl_ *'

NEEDLESS -DAMAGE

Sir,-—I wouldlike to bring to the attention of the public the. apparent loss of one of the beau- ty spots of Charlottetown. I refer to that lot of land located between Grafton Street and the old Post Office Building. -' ’ .

Each‘ day for the .1hst few weeks there have been several rows of cars’ parked on this lawn. During mild weather when “the ground is soft, these cars ' dig long, deep trenches in the sod and leave it in a veryunsightly state. I presume that this practice» will be continued indefinitely, now that it has been allowed to start. ' '

It is through the preservation and care of such locations as this that the city of Charlottetown gets

summer months. I would suggest

proper “authorities to have the cars parked elsewhere to close off the lawn to all vehicles, and try

before it’ is too late to do so. . \ The City Council and citizens of Charlottetown are making a fine effort to keep our city in, beautiful shape. But it requires the co-operation of everybodyto make the task easy. Thank you, Mr. Editor, for this valuable spacein your paper. I am, Sir, etc., - ’ INTERESTED CITIZEN.

speech from the throne opening the Conservative - dominated par- liament of the University of Man- -itoba, he must have pondered -the fact that the lvoters of tomorrow, and those who will largely mould the opinions of the general pu- blic tomorrow, had for the first time repudiated his own party.

ducts per year. ALL WOULD LOSE I

To help the smaller would hurt thelarger. And even so, the help would be short-lived, Very soon, all would lose. ’

The Federation of Agriculture and the other farm organizations -spoke chiefly of the need to main- tain our export markets for wheat other grains and basic products generally. The logging and lum- ber industry also spoke this sense. .

Th e‘ Consumers Association which had strongly opposed the Canadian textile industry in the 1953-55 hearings, put in a wishy- washy brief. The association was opposed to any large increase in tariff but would try to tolerate a small one. '

’ .MAX|MS ,

The aim of education shoud be to convert the mind into a living fountain, and not a reser- voir. That whlch is filled by mer- ely pumping in, wili be emptied by pumping out. ’

BILL PRESENTED

OTTAWA (CP) — The govern- ment asked Parliament Friday to approve January expenditures of $272,000,000. F i n a n c e Minister Donald Fleming said that if ap- proval is given, Parliament will have approved expenditures total-

‘ ling $2,913,253,431 in the 1957-58

fiscal year which ends March 31. Total federal spending for the year has been estimated at $5,- 400,000,000. .

BISHOP ARRESTED

HONG KONG (AP)—Red China has re-arrested Bishop Joseph Hu of Taichow and sentenced‘, him and two other clerics to long prison terms, the Catholic Sun- day Examiner reported Friday. The 75-year-old bishop, who was imprisoned in 1955 and later re- leased. was seized again recently on a charge of being a counter-

revolutionary, the weekly church taper said. The three clergymen aver-e sentenced to terms ranging

‘be sneezing and coughing

its beauty, particularily :in, the . that -efforts. should -be made by the.

to restore it to its former state-

On lh‘e Way To Extinction

.»'y Herman N. Bundcscn, M1).

THAT age - old bugabco. the common cold, might be well on its way to extinction.

I don’t mean that you won’t any more. We aren't going to be that lucky. The illnesses will still be 51 threat, at least to some de-

gree, but you won’t be able to ».

blame them on that all-inclusive phrase, the common cold.

ONE OUT OF’ FOUR

One out of every four working adults in the United States Wlll. suffer from what we now call “a cold” during January and February.

But this probably won't be the case _in the days of our great-xi grandchildren. Scientists, you- ~“"c, are now hard at work pro- bing the mysteries of various types of respiratory diseases. All of you, 'I’m sure, know the symptoms of -a cold -— imitative cough, watery eyes,‘ swol‘ ‘u and congested .mucous membrances and a dry and scratchy throat. OTHER. AGENTS . However, these symptoms ar'e not necessarily caused by the same -agents. Such things as ir-

. ritating gases, pollen and dust-