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‘Yarther surveys and observations.

OarLy KXAMINER.

FEBRUARY 23, 1884.

Editorial Notes.

—Winuipeg wants a bipk of her own. and a Bill to Incorporate the “Commercial Bank of Manitoba” is now

before Parliament. -hMr lem le, the lately cleeted | Liberal-Conservative from York, was

introduced to the House of Commons ou Friday. and warmly welcomed by the He is the eighth sup-

ministerial party. elected

porter ot the Government since

the last meeting of Parliament Here is the list Mesars. Wallace, Albert, N. B. Kaulbach. Lunenburg, N. 8. 01. €au, | vis, Quebec Laudry, Kent, N. B. Smyth, Kent, Oat Bain, Wentworth, Ont. Stairs, Halifax, N. S. [emple, York. N. B. In the same period, the Opposition

ouly thee,

Mr

Party succeeded in electing viz. Sir Richard Cartwright, Allison, and Mr. Cameron. —The Hon. John Sherman, U. 8., Sepator, from Ohio, takes ground against : ; : the proposed reciprocity with Canada 10

the trade in coal and iron ore, as follows —_— ‘The subject of a treaty of reciprocity with

Canada in respect to coal and iron ore has not

been brought to my attention, but my first} view is entirely against such a treaty. We have plenty of coal and iron ore ta this country | now protected with a comparatively low rate of duty, ani! see no reason to disturb it. Indeed, the whole protective system is now raore in danger from its friends than its enemies. manufacturing interests are beginning to regard coal, iron ore, pig iron, wool and other articles of domestic production

les, not to be protected by duty. d trine sin uld yet a foot hold it protective policy of f protection must

as raw arti If this new would destroy the whol the Government. The rule of 1

extend to all labor alike, to the labor of farmer in producing wool, to the labor of the miner in digging coal, and if it is demied to the farmer and the miner, it cannot justly be maintained in favor of the manufacturer. It is labor that is to be protected and not capital It is, indeed, more important to develop the patural resour [ duction, mining and manufacture of such arti iron and coal, than it is to protcet higher forms of production where cheap labor is indispensable.”

les as w vol,

—Io “Current Events and Opinions” in The Week, ‘Bystander’ (Goldwio Smith) remarks upon the proposed fran- chise legislation of the Imperial Govern- ment :—

‘That country which is the mother of our institutions as well as of our race, and the central hearth of our civilization, is approach- ing a political crisis of no common gravity. It seems certain that the Radicai section of the Government has prevailed and that extension of the franchise 1s_ to precede Local Govern- ment. The full importance of a measure of this kind is not clearly seen by most of us, be- cause weare still deluded by the lingering forms and phrases of the monarchy, and, fancying that government is still vested in the crown, we fail to see that tie electorate is now in reality the sovereign power and that up n its character and intelligence everything depends. If in the electorate ignorance and passion prevail, there is nothing to save the country from misgovernment or from political rain.’ 7 . : ’ r

‘‘Instead of calling uninstructed masses suddenly and without any preparation to the exercise of political power, at a moment when they are particularly likely to make a suicidal uie of it, the policy of a statesman who had studied democracy and wished to place it ona safe basis would rathes be first to forma strong ground-work of local institutions, upon this to found his central government, and at al] events before the flood-gates of extension were opened, to secure to the country a regular and stuble executive for the main- tenance of law and the administration of public business irrespective of the fluctuations of opinion. But Mr, Gladstone bas not studied democracy; he has been converted to it, and in his neophyte zeal at seventy-four, he is not unlikely to lose Ireland and leave the other two kingdoms ina perilous condition.”

—M. Roudaire a French cavalry officer has obtained authority from the Bey of Tunis to carry out his scheme for transformiog a portion of the desert of Sahara into an inland sea, M. Rondaire is a gentleman who has devotod attention tohydography. In 1873, while engaged in geodetic observation with a

view to determining the meridian of} possible

Biskra, a town in Central Algiers, he was impressed with the fact that a portion of the great desert of Sahara is below the level of the Mediterra-

nean. He concluded that this must be the bottom of an ancient sea, and conceived’ the project of cutting through the dunes which separate the sea from the desert, with the idea that he would thereby

transform vast tracts of dried waste into fertile country. His plan seemed so promising that the French Assembly gave him an appropriation of 10,- 000 tranes, and he devoted two years to The results of this work were made public in 1877, and created a profound impression. M. Waddington, who was then minister of public instruction, gave M. Rondaire unqualified support. Sirce then the surveys have been re-made and the project lias been the subject of much controversy in the scientific world M. Roudaire has become more con vineed than ever of the feasibility of his plan, and of the immense advantages which will flow therefrom, and the diffi- culties in the way of its realization are one by one giving way.

Principal Grant, of Queen’s College, Kingston, in an address to the Salvation Army, condemned in unmeasured terms the action of the Anglican Church authorities in the dismissal of Dr. Wilson without a trial for attending Salvation Army meet- ings. He said that such action was coward- ly and un-Britirh becanse the man was struck behind his back.

the |

es of the country in the pro-| _to some works explaining the difficulties | they :

THEH DAILY

WINTHR COMMUNICATION.

DEBATE IN THE SENATE,

SENATOR MAYTHORNE’S SPEECH.

Hlon. Mi

“That an humble address be presented to tis Excellency the Governor-General, praying that His Excellency wil! cause to be laid on the Table of this House, copies of the lastest eurvey held on the steamship a

flAYrHORNE moved

Light,” and any other documents in possession of the Department of Marine, illustrative of the present condition of that vessel.”

He said—Some time ago | gave notice of a motion respecting the present conditien | of the steamer which keeps up commui i- | cation in winter between Prince Edward Island and the Mainland. I may say that} ‘this is a subject of very great importance to the people of my Province. It is neither

lan ordinary steamer nor an ordin- fary contract.—it is not even a Gov- lernment steamer employed upon an im-

|portant public service. It is something

more than that. It is a steamer built specialy, in compliance with the terms of ‘confederation between Prince Edward

Island and Canada; and I for one have |been always inclined to regard it as an lat‘empt made to carry out these con- | ditions to the letter. It is quite true, hon. gentlemen, that the steamer ‘‘Northern | Light” has not given very general satisfac- 'tion—universal satisfaction—and I think jthe reason for that is not very difficult to idiscover. To my mind, it is that people | had formed a very inad juate idea of what ;such a steamer should be fairly expected to

|perform. They had not studied the ques- tion of ice navigation in any way, and did not at all understand what obstacles a

had to me@t, and what force ishe had to bring against them. When a Government vessel was built for that ser- | vice- for the purpose of fulfilling the terms of confederation—there were not wanting numbers of people in our province who isaid, ‘‘Here is a vessel built to contend against the ice, let her go out and do her | best to perform the service for which she is | constructed.” But those parties, perhaps, \if they had given a little more attention to 'the subject, and had themselves seen a ‘little more of what thick-ribbed ice in the

; Steamer

straits becomes during the latter -part jof the month of January, and for |six weeks following that time,—perhaps if they had given careful periisal

lencountered by Arctic voyagers, | would have seen at once that there must be, during the greater part of the winter, between the shore of Prince Edward | Island and that of Nova Scotia, obstacles | which probably no steamer ever built has been able successfully to encounter. It may oe said that this vessel has been com-

|paratively a success in actual service. iThis is true. I believe’ that for six Or seven seasons the _ steamer

‘*Northern Light” has been used for this | service, and during tkat apparently short period, though she has undergone expen- sive repairs, it need not be a matter of sur- prise that even so strong a vessel should have been seriously damaged. Indeed, I think when I lay a few facts before this House illustrative of the kind of ssrvice which that vessel has to perform, the sur- prise will not be that the veszel is now showing symptows of decay and impair- ment, but rather it will be a matter for astonishment that she has lasted so long under the circumstances. Last session, as the House is pretty well aware, a committee of the other branch of Parliament was ap- pointed for the purpose of investigating the subject of steam communication be- tween the Island and the Mainland, and several skilled experts were examined upon this question,—amongst others, the pilot of the “Northern Light,” Mr. Finlayson. Ido not doubt that he gave exceedingly intelligent and useful evidence, although to wy mind, his experience in such matters was nob a very extensive one; still, I be- lieve he gave a faithful and true account of the service which he had seen performed by that vessel during six winters, and he tells us that she has in that time undergone very serious shocks, at different times, in the ice, He describes an occasion when it was necessary to get her out of George- town harbor through nineteeen inches of solid clear hard ice, and for this purpose this valuable vessel built by the Dominion of Canada, was simply used as a ram to move that ice, I notice also, in the evi- dence of the same person, an account is given of her experiences during the long period of —I think—over six weeks, when she was out in the ice in the Straits. At that time he

says it was utterly im- that assistance could be ren- }dercad th ma from any quarter, that even

lif another vessel had been there it would | had been quite impossible for that second | vesrels to have reached her. He states she | bad no less than 30 feet of ice under her | bottom at one time, and that for a fort- night, from early dawn to night-time, her crew were engaged in strenuous efforts to extricate themselves, and that at last their escape was brought about, not by their own efforts nor by the steam power of the vessel, but by the wind and waves opening up the pack which surrounded them, and sv they were enabled to escape. I observe also that my honorable friend from Charlottetown, in giving his evidence that Committee, enlarged upon the severe treatment which that ves- sel had received. He says that he was on | board that vessel on one oceasion and saw /her run stem on, with her full power—700 | horse power—upon an iceberg Now, of course such treatment as this is calculated to weaken and to dislocate (if I may use the | term) any ship that can be built, and such, in fact, is the experience of Arctic navi- gators. Not being conversant with ship-building myself, as some of my hon. colleagues are, I have made it my study to examine the works of soveral Arctic voyagers, and I find one opinion universally expressed by them; it is to the ‘eff: ct that what is called pack ice is a con- dition which it is utterly impossible for any steam vessel to encounter with suc- cess. I have here a few words which I have extracted from a work cf Sir | George Nares, in which he gives his ex- | perience as an explorer and Arctic dis- peee tense: In the introduction to his work }he uses the expression ‘an ice encum- | bered sea” to describe a state of things in

which the ordinary work of the ‘‘Northern

before

He defended the} Light” is done~—just such @ condition of

Salvation Army and avowed that he was/atlairs as exists between Georgetown and one of those who believed nothing pe in the earlier part of the winter,

could 6manate from it.

when the “ Northern Light” makes success-

| sailing vessels in penetrating such i¢e en-

—_—

RXAMINER, FE

ful passages. Under such circumstances that vessel will make that passage in about six hours, and possibly if the Strait is but little encumbered, she may go and come the same day. That ice encumbered sea, however, is liable to very rapid changes, and a change of wind may in a yery short time bring together such masses of solid pack ice that no vessel can penetrate them; yet persistent efforts have been made to force this vessel through under such circumstances. Therefore, | tell this House that it is not at all sur- prising that even a vessel constructed as she was—built expressly for this purpose:

should show signs of decay and weakness in her seventh year. [ simply wish to refer to the few simple words of Sir George Nares’ preface, as illustrating the remark which I have just made. Speaking of the advautage which steam vessels oller over

cumbered seas he says :

‘‘But here the advantage ends when the partial navigation ceases, and the solid flow is reached, however inconsiderable its thickness. Steam is of no more avail than it would be to propel a ship through the crust of the earth.”

He says that a steamer will, of course, get over in a few days, as much as @ sailing vessel will in as many weeks; but that is not the point. Under certain conditions, as he states, steam is of no avail, and 1 recollect that my hon, friend from Char- lottetown, in giving his evidence before the Committee, used language very similar; he did not illustrate it by saying “crust of the earth,’’ but he said it was jnst as possible to propel that vessel (the “Northern Light”) through the ice against which she wags rammed, as it would be to ren her against the side of this building. I think under these circumstances it 1s very desirable that the question cf which I have given notice and will ask to-day should be answered by the members of the Government, and it is one which cannot fail to have very great interest for all classes in Prince Edward Island. The ‘Northern Light” affords our principal means of going to and leaving our Province at that particular season of the year, and it affords aleo our sole means of mov ing freight to and fro during the winter, and should it from any cause be unable to perform the service, the result would no doubt be a grave inconvenience, both private and public. I have therefore

which I gave notice. SENATOR HOWLAN’S SPEECH.

Hon. Mr. Howtan—I ventured to state on a@ previous occasion from my place in this House, and I wish to repeat distinctly that statement, that this boat, the ‘Northern Light,” was not constructed for the Prince Edward Island service. At the time the ‘‘Northern Light” was modelled, her keel laid, and her frame put together, there was little thought that Prince Edward Island would enter into the Confederation. For many years the Quebec Tug Boat As- sociation had thought of building a boat that could be used in the early spring and in the late autumn in towing ships to and from Quebec. For that particular purpose

the ‘‘Northern Light” was efficiently modelled, But for contending with the ice in the Gulf I maintain that

she was not the proper model as any hon. gentleman can understand. The ice in the St. Lawrence at Quebec, with which she would have to contend, is of a very differ- ent nature from the ice in the Straits of Northumberland. It is not the local ice at Prince Edward Island that creates the difficulty, but the northern ice that sweeps into the Strait from the northwest, and it is beyond any question of doubt that this vessel was not designed or modelled for that route, I have it from that gentleman who designed the model that she was originally intended for service on the St. Lawrence, and that after ‘Prince Edward Island entered the Confederation the Government were ap- proached on the subject of placing this vessel on the Straits as being a suitable one for keeping up winter communication be- tween the Island and the mainland. The offer was accepted, she was placed on the route, and the result has been that four times as much money has been expended on her as she is worth, to keep her in repair, because she was not originally con- structed on a proper model for that service. When the representatives of Prince Ed- ward Island were making terms with the Dominion Government before entering into the Confederation, the establishment of winter communication with the Main- land was one of the conditions that was discussed. I at that time expressed my opinion onthe feasibility of the project, and I am still one of those who have not lost faith in the winter navigation of the Straits. The ‘‘Northern Light,” though not built for the service, has, in my opinion succeeded beyond all expectations, and has succeeded even beyond the ex- pectations of her builder, who has himself told me that, with the experience he had since acquired, he could model a vessel that would perform the servic? very much better. No vessel can be _ constructed of wood er iron that can be made to stand the shock of being run squarely against the side of an iceberg larger than this building, or against a solid mass of ice. It is too absured and not to be thought of, but we have yct te learn whether a boat twice the size of the ‘‘Northern Light,” and with half as much more power could not do regular service across the Straits. I be- lieve that the Government have at present entered into a contract for the building of a boat about 190 feet long on a model made expressly with a view of performing this winter service as far as possible, and also to be utilised in the Gulf for other purposes, sueh as relieving vessels in distress, and supplying light houses, and that this boat is to be built upon the 10 years class. Hon. gentlemen who know something about such matters will understand me when I say that she is to have 66 per cent. more planking out- side, aud more sheathing inside than is required of a 10 years classed ship; that she is to have extra strong frame, and is to be sheathed with green heart, and forward of the fore chains, and aft of the main chains she is to be protected with steel or iron plates. I think that a vessel of that kind, jndging from my past experienco of winter navigation, will goa long way towards solving that question. But there are gen- tlemen who believe that there are other portions of the Island from which success- ful attempts might be made to keep vp winter communication than those which have hitherto been adopted. Until all

deemed it my duty to make the motion of |

thess means have been thoroughly irid we will look to the Government to carry out the agreement entered into with our Province at Confederation, I have no doubt whatever that the agrcemcnt will be carried out by the Gover mest if it is pos- sible of fulfilment. Lhave not the s'ishtest doubt that it is entirely due to the extreme care that the master and maty have taken of their boat for the last two or three years that the ‘‘Northern Light’ is in even ¢s yood a condilion as she is at present. When the vessel first came down to the Straits, Mr. Sewell, the builder, saw that she wes not performng the cervice satis- factorily. He cawe there himself, altered the ballast of the boat, put her in trim, and expected very great things of her. Under the circumstances .s!e had to con- tend with there is no doubt that the boat was taxed beyond her strength, and it is very unfair to say that because this vessel, which is merely an experiment-—I cannot call it even an intelligent experiment, so far as the Prince Edward Island service is coneerned—has not succeeded, that there- fore the winter navigation of the Straits is impracticable. I say that the **Northern Light” has done more than any person of experiance in such matters expected from her. I believe that the hon. gentleman from Pugwash will agree with me when I say that she has done more than even he expected from such a boat, and I hope that when the new vessel is placed on the route, the service will be performed much more satisfactorily than it has been up to the present time.

[The speeches of Senators Carvell and Montgomery, and the reply of Senator Campbell, will appear on Monday. |

FATENVSIVE TRADE SALE

ay

Campbell & Rayden, Auctioneers.

° JE will sell by AUCTION, at OUR W SALES ROOM, on

Wednesday, 12th March next,

Commencing at eleven o'clock, a. m.,

Flour, Cornmeal, Choice Bright Molasses, Sugar, Raisins, Soap, Tca, Tobacco, Sole Leather, Matches, Apples, Best American Kerosere Oil, Pickles, Jams and Sauces, Nutmegs, Clover, Paper Bags, and an assortment of General Groceries and Spices.

—ALSO—

Dry Good, Readymade Clothing, Boots and Shoes, etc., etc. ea Terms at sale

CAMPBELL & RAYDEN.

Auctioneers, Ch’town, Feb. 23, 1884.

FOR SALE OR TO LET,

YE'*HE Subscriber hereby offers fer sale or

to let his Residence and Model Livery ‘tables, together with all Furniture and Out- its.

P. C, Ch’town, Feb. 23, 1884. —tf

CONLEY.

CARD OF THANKS,

HE PISHOP OF CHARLOTTETOWN, returns his most grateful thanks to bi- friends—the fire companies,and the citizens of Charlottetown-—for their prompt and valuable services in saving St Patrick’s Hall from being burnt down, on last Wednesday morn- ing. Feby. 2°, 1884,--lins pad

TO LET. rQ\HE RAILWAY HOUSE, situated on Richmond Street, near London House.

Also a shop adjoining, 16x30 feet. Apply to

THOMAS CAMPBELL. Ch’town, Feb, 23, 1. 81.—tf

MORTGAGE SALE

OF VALUABLE FREEHOLD © RSTATE, SITUATE AT French River, New London,

TO be sold by Pablic Auction, on Tuesday, the fourth day of March next. A. D, 18 4,at the hour of twelve o’clock, noon, in front of the Law Courts Build. ing, in Charlottetown, ip - Queen's County, Prince Edward Island, under a Power of Sale contained in a Mortgage, dated the sixth day of July, A. D, 1878, and made between William Cousins, of Lot Twenty-one, in the said County and Iland, farmer, and Sarah Cousins, his wife, of the one part, and Catherine Watts, of Charlottetown, in said County and Islend, widow, of the other part, ant which said Mortgage was atterwards duly ass'gned by deed of assignment, dated the first day of June, A. D, 1880, by the said Catherine Watts to Charles Binns,— A LL that tract, piece or parcel of land, hereditaments and premises, situate, lying and being in New London, on Town- ship Number Twenty-one, in Queen’s County, in the said Island, bounded as foliows, that is to say: Commencing at the northwest corner formed by the intersection of the Park Corner Road with the Long River Road; thence runnivg northwardly along said Paik Corner Road the distance of six chains ; thence we:twardly by a line paralle) with said Long River Rord until it meets land now or formerly in possession of William McK*y; thence sou hwardly aleng the eastern bourdary of said last-meutioned land six chains, orto the Long River Road, aforesaid ; thence eastwardly along said Lony River Road to the place of commencemen!: containing forty acres of land. a little more or less; be'ng a portion of one hundred acres of land conveyed by Mrs Jane Townshend to John Cousins by a Deed bearing date the 22yd day of February, A D, 1828, and was, by the said John Covsins, afterwards and by his last wil and testament, devised to the said William Cousins. A good title will be given. For farther particulars apply to the under- signed, 7 CHARLES BINNS, Assignee of Mortgager, Ch'town, Feb 23, 1883.—lin pa ie

——

BRUARY

* et -~ a

23,

DESBRISAY

AGENTS

Ch’town, Feb. 22, 184

1824.

& ANGUS,

OF ‘i iis.

QUEH AND AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE COGIPANIES,

HILE thanking the Citizens of Charlottetown for their past patronage, and assistance during the late fire, have to announce that the: have taken the office in

Stevenson’s Building, CORNER QUEEN AND SYDNEY STREETS,

Where they are prepared to do business. GREAT SALE OF Wew Cottons.

We have just oper

Received Before th

—_—_——- —=-——™~SO

Kleecy Cottons,

TABLE LINEN ‘Towels

TAPSTRV, SCOTCH A

And other House WHOLESALE GEO.

Ch’town, Feb. 11, 1884.

Ws

ied a large Stock of

ENGLISH AND AMERICAN PRINTS,

NEW SPRING STYLES,

e Advance in Duty,

o—

We have an immense stock of

GREY AND WHITE COTTONS,

Purcbased when the Cotton market was at the lowest point of depression.

Sheeting Cottens,

Pitlow Cottons, AND NAPKINS,

and ‘Towelling,

D GRUSSILS CARPETS,

Furnishing Goods,

AND RETAIL. DAVicS & CO.

CONCERT.

FP XHE Cheir of St. Paul’s Church intend to give a Concert, on

Tuesday Evcning Next, 26th inst,,

AT EIGHT P, M. Programme on Monday. Peb, 22, 1884, —2i

Brick and W ood.

To be sold by AUCTION,

on the premieres, all the Brick and Wood saved from the fire at the North American Hotel, Kent Street, to be removed at once.

WILLIAM DODD, Auctioneer. Ch'towa, Feb, 22.

FOR SALE AT A BARGHIK,

od K Shop and Premises immediately eppo- site the Roman Catholic Cathedral, Great George Street.

Apply to

A. McNEILL, Auctioneer, Cherlottetown Feb. 22, 1884,

MONDAY NEXT, 26th INSP,

AT TWELVE O’°CLOCK, | C A N VA L 2

HicLeod, Mor.ou & HeQuarrie, BARRISTERS

ATTORNEYS - AT -LAW.

Office in Old Bank, —

(UP STAIRS), Ch’town, Feb. 21, 1884.

Cdinns Skating Bink

THE SECOND GRAND

i

WILL BE HELD ON

TUESDAY, 26th FEBRUARY.

Names must be handed in to the Secretary not later than Monday, the 25th instant. Rules and Regulations same as former Cat Divals, _ Half fares from Georgetown and Summer. side and interineciate Stations, good till 28th. Feb. 21, 1834,

AUCTION ! Hay, Straw, Seed Wheat, Dats,

AM instructed by MR. HENRY BEER | _to sell by Auction, at his farm ‘* Bella-| chin,” Lot 48, 14 miles from Southport, on i

Saturday, the Ist of March lett,

AT TWO O'CLOCK, P. M., ABOUT 25 tons Hay, 8 tons Straw, 200 bush. Seed Wheat (White Russian), 300 bush. Oats,

TERMS AT SALE. | WILLIAM DODD, Auctioneer, | Ch’town, Feb, 21, 1884,

a . ei Piano Tuning. to tune and repair Pianos of all kinds. Broken or defective wires replaced, Pianos store of Miller Bros., Queen Street, or at his own residence, Kent Street. P. £. Island : hereby offer to match an unknown against with or without pedigrees, scrubs or not scrubs, including ‘* Dartmouth,” ‘Sir Wil- Ham,” for a race on Hillsborough ice, mile heats to harness, best three in five, for any On behalf of Owner, (;EORGE THORNE. DVERTISK in the DAILY EXAMINER

D M. REID announces that he is prepared tuned by the year Orders may be left at the Feb. 18, 1854—dy 41 wky 2i pd Vo the Owners of Trotting Stallions om any Trotting Stallion on P. E. Island, ham Wallace,” ‘Island Chief” and ‘Young sum above $59 aside, Ch’town. Feb, 18, 1884. Rates moderate.

—— aa