THE GUARDIAN

Published ovary waakday morning as in Pnnco luau. Chan Iatsslowa. P. I. L. by no Tbomaoa Company uinlua.

'CaIaro Prflu ldlard Inland Like In In-"

atdiuu aoo Ilanaau. In A lurnon. Associate Editor. Frans Walaas

Branch ouleoa at summer-nos. Ilonluuo also Alnuum Autboi had as Iocono Class Inn by this Post omen Department.

Ottawa.

I: Carrion uaarlotlalowa. Iummu-nos sum ya: an Inn

II!!! In P. I. I sue. otlar Provincas and U 1": Il3.os For anaum.

"Tho rzongeat memory is" weaker than the weakest ink."

THURSDAY. T: 1954

'economy in ordinary peacetime expend- itures' and a careful watch on defense costs. These are botii most laudable and necessary aims, but we must keep some perspective. Almost three quarters of our 34.5 billion budget is accounted for in these four major items: Defense, Defense Produc- tion, Health and Welfare, and Veterans' Affairs. Were the economizers to go over all Ottawals operations with the strictest possible business standards and effect pro- digies of ieconomizingl, the effect on in- come tax rates would still be very small

iiiisisn iiiglits llay

On December 10, 1943 the United!

Nations General Assembly at Paris adopt- ed and proclaimed a universal declaration of human rights as a common standard of achievement for all peoples and nations, to

the end that every individual and every or--

gan of society should strive by teaching and education to promote respect for those rights and freedoms and strive to secure their universal recognition and observance.

The anniversary is observed as "Human Rights Day" and, although the two draft covenants which attempt to define the rights broadly described in the declaration are still to be approved, the declaration it- self is a milestone of civilization.

The declaration affirms the faith of mankind in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person and in the equal rights of man and woman as the foundation of freedom. justice and peace in the world. Its thirty articles em- brace the essential personal, social, eco- nomic, and political freedom of the indivi- duaL

The adoption of the declaration bridged the chasm between the interest of the Un- ited Nations in the world of national states and the more fundamental interests of in- dividuals everywhere. Although it is still a "Parliament of Nations" it is also and seems destined to become more and more a "Parliament of Man."

It is trite but true to recall that the world today is a neighbourhood, smaller in terms of travel time than many individual countries of a century ago. We can no longer go our own way, satisfied if condi- tions immediately around us are bearable. President Lincoln's declaration that a na- tion cannot exist half slave and half free now applies on a global scale.

Balls In The Assembly What to do with a particularly "long- winded" orator who insists on talking long after he has made any worthwhile contribu-

tion to a debate has presented a weightyi

problem to the presiding officer of many a legislative assembly. Thus far, in most democratic countries, no real solution has been found, mainly because the right of free speech in almost all circumstances is considered far more important than the feelings of wearied and long-suffering listen- ers to a dull and repetitive harangue. Down in the Argentine Republic, however, they

. indeed.

"The only way to get any serious re- , duction in our major direct taxes is to get imajor reductions in the scope of govern- i menpspending. And no one that we've yet 3 come across is prepared to say what those major reductions should be. On the con- trary it's hard to find anybody these days i who isn't peddling his own pet plan for in- icreased government spending. You have it one way or the other, as Granny used to say, but not both."

Mexican Fishing Law

A new fishing law now under consider- ation by the Mexican Congress is causing ithc United States Government and fishing linterests some concern. It seems that for imany years the two countries have been iunable to agree on the legal interpretation of territorial waters. Mexico has claimed ” sovereignty over the waters nine miles from shore, while the United States has refused to recognize Mexican jurisdiction beyond the three-mile limit. From time to time this idisagreement has led to strained relations ' between the two countries, a situation which will not be helped by the new legislation which forbids, among other things, the transfer of fish from any vessel, not of Mexican registry, within the nine mile area. In the past, because of storms and other factors, this has been the standard practice for American ships in the shrimp fishing season. Another provision of the new law which American ship owners are not going to like is that which says that foreigners wishing to fish commercially in Mexican waters must apply for licenses, which will be graiited only if the applicants agree not to seek the protection of their governments in any dispute that may arise. Mexican authorities will have the right to seize any vessel operating in defiance of this provis- ion. Fines for all breaches of the law have been increased very considerably over those which have been customary in the past. There was a time when this sort of leg- islation might very easily have led to seri- ous trouble between the two countries. Now, it is safe to say, the dispute will not go beyond formal diplomatic exchange of ,'views. While, no doubt, the change is due partly to the United States' preoccupation jwith myriads of more urgent problems, it iindicates, too. a less touchy approach to idisputes between neighbours. That is one iof the healthy signs of the times among

can ,

i

H Po;-.iblIie

PUBLIC FORUM

This column is upon to lbs discos- slon by correspondents of questions of Intarul. Tlla Guardian doas not necessarily andorsa the opinion at correspondents.

" WESTERN ART EXHIBIT

Sir.-A recent writer to the Pub- llc Forum states among other things that the Art society did not request the paintings from Western Canada recently on ex- hibit ln the City. He is apparently misinformed.

Minutes of the Society reveal that its exhibition program was carefully selected and noted upon, one of the shows ordurcd from the Maritime Art Association being the above mentioned Western Canada Exchange Exhibition.

1 am. Sir, etc.. VIC RUNTZ

President, Prince Edward Island

Art Society

Old Charlottetown

'and P.lL

ULT OF THE PAST

”Gailss Point is only two or three houi-s' drive from town. There is the ferry. with the foamed whirl- pools from the paddles, and the gleaming bosom ough beneath youi carriage wheels: then Tea Hill where the grand punorania of the Bay spreads its jewellcd sheen before you. girt by rolling hills and far blue head- iands. If ycu nice it geologist. you will stay to look at this picture.

"The hills immediately round you.

of the Hlllsboi'- i

Unioreseen Deve

i NOTES BY

-11 someone will come up with an invention for driving out or extcrminating both starlings and pigeons. this would be a quieter and safer world in which to live.

-Bi-antford Journal.

-Horses have furnished mighty useful auxiliary power this Fall If it had not been for horses there would be more empty silos. As it is there are plenty. -Farmers Advocate.

-It is explained that the rea- son Univac, the electronic calcula- tor, guessed the U. S. election re- sults wzong was that it was fed the wrong information. This shows the superiority of human experts, who can go wrong with the right , information. --Edmonton Journal.

Probably it is no accident that a new attack on the common cold -a 3500.000. three-year attack, no less-is announced at this parti- cular moment. For with the chill of winter moving in from the north and settling down in man's bones. the cold season is at hand. Scientists and philanthropists. just like the rest. of us. begin to get sniffles and throat tickles, and wonder all over again whether anything can be done about it.

-Sydney Post-Record.

When the police me on the hunt for stolen venison it is a time for the hundreds of hunters and their friends to lioid documciitary proof or ownership. How does a man go iabout proving the venison in his house came off this deer and not that. deer? What are the distin-

lpmeinis

THE WAY I

most conclusively that bottled up resentment stimulates an acid set- ivity in your innards which is death to good digestion and an open in- vitation to the boogie man, of the business executive. the peptic ulcer. What can you do to avoid ulcers? First of all. you can steer clear of situations which are likely to provoke unnecessary emotional strain. secondly: you can give your stomach a rest. by sounding off oc- cnsionnlly instead of swallowing a. steady diet of unspoken resentment ll-you yell when someone steps on your toes. --Today's Health Magazine.

-One young man in Cologne, Germany, wears rather a red face these days when anyone mentions colored shirts. Impressed by the colorful American-t.ype shirts worn by most of his fellow workers. he decided to buy one himself. And so as not to be outdone by them. he purchased just about the gaud- lest one he could find. He brought his parcel home from the shop and unwrapped it in high glee. To his surprise he found pinned inside the tail of the shirt an en- velope addressed to "The hand- some man who purchased this shirt. From the girl who helped to make it". A letter inside read: "Please send me your photograph". He re- plied to the invitation. Three days later he received 8 letter written on iiotepapcr of A delicate shade of mauve and pleasantly perfum- ed. Opening it he read: wanted to find out what kind of it conceited fool would be prepared

to wear such an awful shirt."-Ot-I

fawn Journal.

"I only 590

HOII

'rho,.lducstionsl Department of the New York Times has been

up no ofnussisn studying om! rm

can alleges. The report of the study fhould be of interest to everybody who is concerned about the rellic ions between Russia and the West. It. might. be expected i-hot I-ll Vim talk about Russia tbsi. has been going on since the Second world

War wo result in selection of Russismgg an in ' ., number of students. especlllly 910” WM

might be looking forward to Gov-e ernment service in cm or other of the many security agencies at home and abroad.

',rhat. the need is considered great by leading American educators is evidenced by the lollowlnd 3tI"9' menta given to the Times investig- stors.

Dr. 1'. Parker. president of the American Association of Teachers .of slsvic Languages-"Flor our own national security it. is lmpofilm that we know more about the Sov- iet Union snd certainly more about its language." Dr. Wilson Elkina. President of the university 0! Msryland-"Our foreign isnsllisl department definitely urges upon students the advantage of knowing Russian. We point: to the posts now held by former students who mai- ored in that subject." Dr. Burton Thume. associate Dean of the University of Michigan-"Students should be encouraged to take Slavic languages. When represent- atives of the State Department. the Central Intelligence Agency .imd other Government agencies come to the campus they are keenly in- terested in students with a good knowledge of Russian."

Dr. Earl McGrath. of the Uni- verslty of Kansas City and former United states commissioner of Education-"Knowledge of Russian would enable the student to obtain first hand knowledge of Comm- unist writings and thus be able to evaluaebe their falsity." Dr. W. B. Alexander Vice-President of An- tioch College. Ohio-"From the point. of view of national security more students should be encour- aged to take courses in Russian. For every American who has stu- died Rumian there are 100 Russians who have studied English. We are handicapped in trying to un- derstsnd what they are up to, lay this disproportion. Further. if we hope to work out some sort of coexistence with the Russians we need to know much more about their language and culture than we do now."

Finally, Dr. Nathan Pusey. presi- dent of Harvard University, had this to say: "The more Americans know about the Soviet. Union and the Slavic countries the better prepared we shall be as a nation to face the power situation in which we find ourselves today."

. s .

so much for the need as seen by the educators. Now, a few inter- esting figures about the actual situation. Of the 2.600.000 students now in American institutions of higher learning only 5000 are en- rolled in Russian language classes. This is a drop of 3596 from 1950, when interest was at its peak. At Columbia an students are studying Russian this year; four years ago the number was a little more than

At the University of Michigan there has been a 259:. drop since last year. At. the University of Den- ver 46 students took Russian in were not

1539-4

The Passing " Scone

-lyobaanar

flcisls say tbst insny studen .

-mid to an my .ub;.n"...?.! nsctodsln any way with the sovm Union. The students (undei-stung, ably) are worried lest at some um. in the future the fact that they hm studied the Russian languag, might be considered "suspicion," by some super-sensitive 1DV8tlgaw;-- (2) In some instances studenisbn; told their professors that they )1", pxpei-fenced pressure from meg, parents to stay away from Eny. thing that might tie them in wm. "communism"; (3) Dr. Parker (re. ferred to above) reported that win. students do not want the won; "Russian" to appear on their col, lege record. They do not want :4, Sick being questioned at some late:

ate.

Another Dr. Parker. who teach, at New York University, mm, um statement: "There seem; to be I general nervousnms sbout taking . course in Russian. It is not ration. sl fear. but it. is an attitude that must be dispelled if we are strengthen our national security."

0 U 0

How joyful the Russians must b, over this state of affairs! The next thing we shall hear is that onlleg. students are afraid to take met, soiled linen to Chinese laundries 0 sample chop-suey in Chinese 93: ing-places lest either action 5. considered subversive.

W-

Flai ing Beans

Ottawa Journal

General farmers toda raise many beans-notytlil: 0?: time, favorful. colorful Varieties at yesteryean, Half s century ago solid countryman took quiet mid in his bean patch and ill tlif cherished varieties.

In October, a l2-year-oldci kn... that one of his Saturday you would be to pull and stake tn. beans. Then the bulky stacks wen stored beneath the west scaffold of the horse barn to wait for in. right December day for flailing, On a windy. last-month moi-iiing father would say after brcakfzisu, "Son. guess we'll flsil today."

The countryman is going to send three words to a panel of lilesj so-called radio experts one of these da.YS1 stall, toggle and swingel- the three parts of a flail.

Its looks deceptively easy to up W9 5WinlZEi high. Eive s casusi twist to the toggle in sir. and then bring the stall down flat. and hard on the eight inch layer of rrliiklv, dry pods and vines. But. many) farm lad has given himself a pain. ful thump on the head until in has learned the special techniqus of swinging the flail correctly.

Back and forth, up and down. a man and his boy worked sloiily; at each hard blow on the vines and pods. dried beans popped high in the air from the leathery pads. The layer was fluffed up two on three times with the pitchforu then the vines were forked off the 1393116. dust. debris and broken Pieces swept into a pile.

The barn doors were opened through and the mass of material poured from one battered tin tub into another while the strong draft took away everything but the colored nuggets that meant sat.- urday suppers and Sunday brcik. fast: for another year.

The Age Old Story

' H961; this year there

va - ' enough students to organize a class. O r I

I, . , . .guisliedinarks of one piece of veni- siretching .a biokcn rniiipait along'l5Dn and another? can the nah. of the noithc.ii shoie of the Bay, src individual deer be examined under imp" Pcmmm 5andsm"e' The mwimiscroscope and distinguished as :.l;"f15.1” "am of .””'" W 10"?" individuality? Ah, it's a cruel .ciminii. Gnllns Point and the twin. wmd that Sets a policeman on the

, p have found a way to make a man sit down. i many unhealthy mess ;:r V Right over the chair occupied by the Presi- fDyTORiAL NOTES dent of the Chamber--an office equivalent Canadian

And Nathanael said unto him Can there any good thing coins out of Nazareth? Philip saith unto him. Come and see. Jesus ssw Natho el coming to him. snt

At Wisconsin the drop since 1950 is approximately 507:. At Bowdoln College, Maine, there were 22 stu- dents studying Russian last year:

A squadron of the Royal

to that of our Mr. Speaker-there are ten fire-alarm bells which the President can set

clanging by pressing a button on his desk. I Showing the flag W" 50"” 16900 miles" bright shield of tiie Bay. are Cai'- A PORTRAIT N t ''"'W'- in Who!!! II no tulle!

- . iin eight Mediterranean countries and iniboniferous And Mm in the mum " .0 - u. 1 gym; nu;-u, . ” dmm ' mm "530" '9' "M9 ' This. of course, drowns out the voice of . .NATO , g th N 11 A” Pm home-n. M-e mvamy swim O-(Na -Emdzeu rtehe Cehaggs are New (R. L. Stevenson) rsgisimdecginacagi be traced to ui. i..--.:j.. the most blatant speechifier. Reports sayi :1,”-im exams” in 9 m ' 3"" itlie air. rrstiiig ill faintest biuelgood that sooner or later you're Thin-lcssedkatblilln-cheswd. alight E.,,.,,,.E, e':,ce,';:,,,:2. 1';"l:'a3lmf”l;;'i; FOR that the bells are in use a good art of thei lc. on the virgc of the sky, are soon also going to be nursing an iiiCCr. nspea ' those very dimcun subjects Wm h t. g th , p o a o thetscrried Ccbequids. compascdloi scientvfic tests have proved sl- Neat looiefi find Weak fingered. in are required by regulation. muslin TCHOYEIIQ .ime, ey are especially useful when a , , .. h h . d ancient sauriah and Deioninii his have 1, ., my dmlcun mum"? for

z , . 4 5, -e--A-----m------------- -: g n free-for-an takes place on the chamber ,A,Wi""lf”g ,f:,i:Z?,” l;;;. ,3 T5,”. lf.”:”i..i.';”..f”:LiE.”l.:2S i:;;;:; A. ....e.,. .e,. V0,... .iSl”E.32l35S'.Sii.'i2...” to we in is and floor a not infre uent ha enin . Now my We Ci y C c' m m S Gigi it h. d -, ibi '., t - 5 , id-iipped. ich-tinted. muisbie as W” 3" 9'” V” ”"”-i"i- 3"” the and then of courq th d Pp ' g d r Years is being awarded a medal. That must ciiwi' iii! gtiiii amid ui-ens:-It (Winnipeg Free Press) 139 the 50:: Emiixeii remit emphmm "M W” A'um"9'" 1 ti, se' Q fevlce is use ori be something of a record for a private 'up the hills. . In the flush of a naval suc- The brown W95 "dimi with ViV' one cXn”bZ"i?3Ze5"z2”'2i.eTi” mtfilimt: 955 WOT Y PUPDOSES. 85. OT inst-ancey Wheni . . . . . i "We pass the little village oli ccss-whicli scenis to have reduced 8CiW- 1 c C” 5 the government side of the House wants toicmze" a"d would be adfillrable 1" 3 Council liiosvigaidu-iiii ias iiOiK'Cl's and its by two the iiumbtcr gt Japakllilicsc Thcremiiriliagsgr-lgcebriiliani and '0' anbiiegcli? oiieaacridrnlficdifisriigged me RITE ' WAY . . . . j - o .5. W - A - i 2 v silence the criticism of the opposition. infemberj An too few cmzenb Emma mu" .35.? 1:1 2-,c,..;a:"pa,s,;i.”r3.,9'0,l;',1.(,i, 31.;Ll:2;Ti.;,f:ti.jf,J"c.il:,,g”"i,l;.E.,3;:IA spirit intense and rare. with grgyiiaihhhlsfoiiowhicugxcebetgjuiised CLEANERS , . . ., . . we do not Suggest for one moment that 1 C11 meetings CV9" Once 3 yeah lSil0i'6 at the exilfllllty of the flat has hold another press conference. 0! "i199 in mace the report, (there in marxfy 0&3: 7387 ' ' ' peninsula. and find ourselves among to advise the United Slates on! PBS 00. mp" 61108 End meI”KY- 1n the same Hm): (1) Cone” oh

the technique should be adopted in our, Federal and Provincial parliaments. There

iNavy returns to Halifax Friday after

i Firms selling special brand merchandise iare not necessarily manufacturers, accord-

islands of Govtrnnr and St. Peter, that lie. like black bosses, on the

ithe mingled brown, grey. and red racks of the Upper Carboniferous.

.trail of tolon venison. Sinr.

-Sudbury

i Pacific policy, Mr. Chisng is high- 'ly criticdl of the American ”keep

Woe&'&ma

Valiant in velvet, light'in ragged luck.

At. the rear of Mr. Tweedie's iarm,i 'em guessing" policy in the Chinese M0” V3"'- "Wt Senmulr Remix

1 islands. He ur;-ges a definite pub-

critical.

is an intriguing air about it nevertheless - v - - - - th l t - battl ts. Perhaps a very mild variation of it might i ::gt"l)).a Tat”? Boardfnmni W:l'.ch hflds scfrpeiineanii biiiiigszed. is eiiisirien i Jczy-announced American sIm- B""9”;t""d P”9W0V" md80MuI1- - - . a i re ai cor ora ions an in ires , d th : ' V i 2 ti :1 ' 1 nntea 3 be tried in a couple of legislatures, Just asl g P g 33' ll civfeifiiii-3 sfliipf.pgCllnc)l"cs.'?evi1Ii,i Many wm agree that mere is, A W1 of Nick 1"-it A sum of