THE GUARDIAN

runii-I-I Ivan -out-In nanlu Irlufrrinco siml ' uarloddavl. P.l.L by an Compuu Ltd. 00 KIII IL W.. Toronto.

Iullbul Gun. 83 Uuiveniu Town: Bldg. "Conn PI-Inn Edvard IIIIII Llkn III Dov" Editor. Prank walker Guenl Iluugu. In A. Buruclt Ileinbu Cundlu Dally Newman: PuNIIb:rI Auoclalinu

Ilunhol nl tho Canadian PIIII Ilunbur Audit Bureau of Cixculuiuuu lunch ufflcu II Summnruide. Montague Ind Albertoa. Authuiilad II second Cllu Mull by tho Fun Olllco Deolmneni. Ottawa.

iy carrier: Charlottetown. suintnemde 516.00 pen II- ium. Elsewhere in P. E. I. 30.00. other Provinces III U. 5. 312.00 per Innum

"Tho ILITOIIKCICVIIICIII y is weaker the weakest ink."

ssruxpav. OCT. 1, 1955-

And Now, October

I Today the ”dreamy air may be

. full of tender memories of the sum- mertide"; tomorrow, it may be, they will be all swept away by the cold North wind that does not stand on ceremony. But, within the limits imposed upon it by other influences, October is merry, confident, and glad. It shows its own pictures. It sings its own songs. Concerning this monthglllr. Longfellow wrote:

My ornziniciiis are fruits; my garments leaves

Woven like cloth of gold and L'I'lms()II dyed:

I do not biia-t the harvesting of sheaves.

Dier ori-liards and o'er vineyards I preside.

October writes the epilogue to the story conveyed by all the months from April to September. It provides the many-varied addcnda to I tale that has been toldflt sums up the things that have been and it gives some assurance of the things that shall be. It looks backward with I good memory and forward to I good resolution. Standing in an orchard on an October evening one can realize the sense of Emerson's observation: "One of the best mo- ments of life is when we witness the reverential withdrawing of Nature before its God." Yes. I withdrawing , it is, but, withal. In orderly one. And even when the winds raise their voices high. there is I dignity about it all that passes understand- ing. Each day now for I few weeks there will be something new--a miracle, in its own way as wonder- ful as that of Spring when all things come to I resurrection. Joseph's cost of many colours is the regula- tion dress of October-the purples and greens, the scarlets and blues, the yellows and blacks, silver and scales of gold, all blend together at the call of the autumn sun and breezes. And yet. in the face of all the evidence. good and true witnesses, there are those who say "there is no God'!

Community Planning

Community planning is some- thing Ibout. which everybody talks. but in which only a comparatively few of our citizens take active part. But there is a live organization working across Canada which has done much to spark public interest. in this subject, and point the way to improvements. Next week the At- lantic Community Planning (7onfei-- encc will be held in (.'liarlottctoii'n. with a parliciilarly crowdcrl agenda for Monday. The national presiilciit of the Community Planning Asso- ciation of Canada, Sir Briaii Dun- field. will he prcscnt. and tlicrc will be disciissions on niiiiicmiis sub-

jecls of pllI)lI(' intcrcsl. Tlltxp will include rural licziiitilnzitiiiii in Prince Edward Island. 'I'li&lIlN'-('.'lll-

ada t'o.'td.-'I(ic 1'eg'tllaIiotis, plziiiiilitir a n d parking regiil:-itiiiii-. lll'Il.'lIl licaiitilication and tiiiiiilri;t.tI wi-

iiccs. ('ommunity plaiittitiu ('2iti;iil:i will be dealt with it; At.

.li'l'4I--

ll;I-

tional director. Mr. I-Ii-ir l-1..-4-mil, as well Is by P1'0fcssoi' fli.iIi.ini Murray, president of iIIl' Twin Scotla division of the As:-iii-i.iti-iii. At the luncheon on .llniiil:ri.

sponsored jointly by tlic iniitiirip;ili- tics of (.'h;irIoltctmi'n and .s'itnniii-r- side. the chief speakcr iiill Iw Kit: A. E. K. Bunncll, planning H1llsllI- tant for the Province of (liihirio. Mr.' Biirrouglis ' liclli-tier, who (it'- cupics I similar position in QlIl'Ilttl' Province. will addrcss a dinner mccting sponsored by the Provincial Government.

Altogether, the scssiotis promise to be most interesting and informa- tive. If only the planners could tell us how to redeem oini past errors int,-xponsivcly. and avoid the pcnalty of the blunders -we have committed with so little regard to expert ad- vice! But at least we can learn by our mistakes. and build better for the future. Judged from this stand- poltltr the Community Planning Conference In Italy one of the most important convention,-wi held during uiir crowded" ammo

sprays of '

ubloiogumfcnaloon.

National Pharmacy Week

The scrap of paper the phy- sician gives us is oftentimes our tic- ket to good health, and we accept the medication from our pharma-- cist with utterly no thought as to where he got the medicine, or what he had to do, and what he had to know, to accurately conform to the wishes of the physician. That fact is brought to mind by the announce- ment that October 2-8 is being ob- served as National Pharmacy Week.

Today, more than 500 new drugs are introduced annually, by more than I hundred manufacturers. Hundreds of other items for our health are marketed in regional areas by many smaller firms. In addition to these, the pharmacist must continue to carry the thous- ands of older drugs for which there is still demand; most important of all, he must know which one of these drugs will combine properly with others. and which will not. He must know which ones, in combin- ation, wi.'i counteract the action of another. It is all I complicated science, and the pharmacist's know- ledge is backed by four years of in- tensive university training, and con- stant study every day to keep abreast of developments.

National Pharmacy Week seems to be an excellent time for us to publicly note our debt of gratitude for his constant accuracy, integrity, and professional service.

Orphanage Appeal

Few institutions are more de- serving of support than our orphan- ages, or more dependent upon gen- erous public response to the modest appeals they make. This is the case with t. h e Protestant Orphanage which opens its annual drive on Monday. This year, in addition to ordinary expenses, some necessary repair work is being undertaken.

Regardless of the increase in social service activities through government agencies, voluntary sup- port of humanitarian institutions will always be necessary. At least we hope so. The alternative would be complete state control. The springs of charity would dry up. and even the widow's mite would go in taxes instead of almsgiving.

The cause of orphaned children pleads for itself. It has enlisted many willing workers in next week's campaign. and the result will, we trust, be gratifying to all concerned.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Apparently, land is at I prem- ium in parts of Pennsylvania. Re- cently I Church School corporation bought I farm of 350 acres. Price: 3350.000.

I O 0

It comes as no surprise to hear that Chancellor Adenauer has won full parliamentary support for his PX('IlEll1gE - o - ambassadors agree- ment with the Soviet Government. it fits in with German national pride which, if the truth were known. is probably I more potent. factor among all Germans than any academic consideration of ideo- logical differences between East and West.

C I O lVliat's the difference between i ll liiirricane and a typhoon? Simply I :4 maltcr of names. Both are large

-I-tile ll'IlIl'Ill'ln(IS. The former is a i'.iriiilu-an and Atlantic destroyer lltal niakes occasional forages in-

I I;IllfI. The latter is the Pacific Ocean l:Il'lt'i)' that frequently makes I inockcl'y Of that 891'! peaceful llilllle.

I 0 O O I in refererring to the Dominion- I Pi-ovincial Conference, Prime Min- I is'I('l' St. Laurent is quoted as say- H12 "we prefer to achieve our oh- i jm-lives in a manner that will please Pl't'l'YbOdy." Well, if he can do that. I he deseives to be ranked as his- lory's wisest man, even greater than the much publicized Solomon. Us- ually. the attempt to please every- body ends by pleasing nobody. O O 0

Not only are the Russians going to re-establish diplomatic rapport with the West Germans; they Ire sccing to it that their ambassador-

. ial staff in Bonn will be more im- pm-ssivc-ntimerlcally. at any rate -than that of any of the Western powers. The United States, Britain. and France have about 400 persons in their respective embassies. The Riuiulsna will have more than I thomunih Not only that: orders huvoygone to buy up the ' . pu-

Naimlll "

The Panama Canal. which Lord Bryce once called "the greatest liberty man ever took with Nat- ure." is today entering I new phase in its 51 years as focal point of relations between the United States and the Republic of Panama.

Recently ratified by the two nations is a far-reaching treaty signed after months nf negotiation. Among its provisions are a number that favor the national pride and interests of the Panamanians, whose country is sliced through the middle by the United States-coir trolled ”Big Ditch."

One concession is the return to the Panamanian government of land along the fringes of the Canal Zone now worth, with building im- provements, an estimated 324,000.- 000., Some United States workers already have moved out. Rows of

Business Bound

The Panama Canal

.. sod”! area is in effect I government re- servation where every activity must further Canal operation or defense.

There is no personal ownership of land or private enterprise in this traffic-dedicated spot. Zone re- sidence is limited to United States civilian employees and, their fam- ilies, plus the armed forces. and those who work for a few hiisiiiess concerns linked with the Canal. From cradle to grave, the needs and wants of the Zonians-re- creation. homes, food, clothes, school and medical services-are matters of federal regulation.

That the system works is shown by I busy and smooth-running Canal. In the fiscal year 1955, cargo carried set I new record of 40,846,301 tons-more than I mil- lion and I half tons over the previous year, itself I record.

f)0)1eQ SUMMEWS END

Now that the bough is heavy

with seed at summer's end

And all the plenty's gathered

As gifts. and not to lend.

And word and word repeated

Blend with the frosty air

As harvester and singer

Together chmh the stair.

The hill's way to the summit,

Thought rises from the peak.

Seeing the fruitful valley.

The two friends need not speak.

The farmer counts his treasures.

The wealth not raised by band.

As summe , autumn meeting

Spread gold gifts on the land;

His thought blends with the singer's

Who pens without his quill

The wondrous songs. southflying,

That are high, that are still. -Joseph Joel Keith.

tviedically Speaking

By Herman N. Buuduel. M- 3-

KNOW VITAMIN ABC! FOR NEWBORN BABIES

Whether Your infant is breast- fed or bottle-fed. be probably does not get enough vitamins from 11 milk alone. v

If your tot is under. the watch- ful eye of I pediatrician or Bells ei-al practitioner. he probably 1' receiving extra itamins. But. if you are raising your baby With- out this expert advice. you .5h0llld know the ABCS of the vitamin story.

Vitamin A-A daily allowance of 1,500 units for infants is recom- mended by the Food and Nulrii-0!! Board of the National Research Council.

A liter of cow's milk or mother's milk supplies this amount. For- mula dilutions, however. reduce the vitamin A consumed by I bottle-fed baby. So, during the first few months. or until egg Wlk is added to his diet. additional vitamin A usually is advisable for bottle babies. .

Vitamin B2 or Riboflavin- Dally requirements vary from -4 to -9 mg. between two months Ind I year.

In the early months. your baby usually gets enough from his milk sinc ecow's milk averages 1.57 mg. per liter and mother's milk about .43 mg. As he grows older. Iddlt- ional food usually supplies all! riboflavin needed.

Milk Supplies B12

Vitamin BIL-While there has been no authoritative recommen- dation as to the B12 requirements of youngsters. they probably get enough through the small amounts that various milks contain-unless they're ill.

Vitamin C-Recommended daily

Cow's milk contains about 16 mg. allowance is 30 mg. per liter. Pssteurizatinn reduces this even further. Mother's milk contains about 43 mg. per liter, but only if the mother has main- tained a nutritious diet. A breast- fed baby migbt not consume I liter per day.

I think it is I good idea to rec- ommend vltamin C supplements for all infants.

Thiamine - Daily requirements are about -3 mg. for infants two. three and four months old, .4 mg. for the next two months. for the next six months and .6 mg.

Processing of cow's milk cuts the thiamine content to about .35 mg. per liter. Breast milk con- tains an average of sbniit .16 mg. While food will increase your baby's thiamine intake when he begins to take solids. milk alone probably does not furnish In ade- quate amount. Thiamine supple- ments are in order.

QUESTION AND ANSWER

Mrs. R.: One of my legs swells badly and becomes discolored after I have been seated for I short period of time. Could Inemls produce this condition?

Answer: It is unlikely that

homes stand boarded up. club- houses L ” 4 nd ” ' , centers darkened.

FEE GOES UP

The Canal Zone itself will feel many of the treaty agreements. The annual fee the United States pays Panama for its use jumps from 5430.000 to 51,930,000. Health- sanitation controls in Panama City, the Republic's capital at the Pac- ific end of the Canal, and in Colon on the Atlantic side. are formally turned over from Zone to Panam- anian officials.

Panama, too. may now tax in- come of its citizens who work in the Canal Zone but live outside. And such citizens may no longer

.buy from commlssaries in the ' Zone but must deal with Panama merchants.

Yet whatever changes take place in and around the Panama Canal Zone. this historic strip of land. five miles on either side of the great channel route. retains its

. Fitzpatrick

Yankee personality.

'Surrounded by I Spanish-speak ing people of European and African tradition. 7.onians cling lo ways of old home towns from California to Georgia.

Zone family and social life. churches. clubs, sports, Ind jokes are purely U.S.A. in flavor, kept up to dale by visits frequently exchanged with friends and rela- tives in IIIO United States. Zone children are often educated in the States or spend vacations there.

GOVERNMENT RESERVATION

A striking element that sets the lives of Canal Zone residents apart Irom distant compatriots is the climate For most of the year the siiu-and-rain-drenched isthmus is a tropical garden of exotic color and fresh verdure-although paid for by everyday inconveniences of creeping mold. sticky salt, and never-ending vigilance H iz I l n st hordes of invading insects.

More startling to visitors are the unusual conditions of the home and working lives of Zonlsns. The Canal

The Age Old Story

I am the Lord. your Holy One. the creator of Israel. your King.

REPORT SAILORS KILLED

COBOURG. Ont. (CPI - Two persons were killed and two ser- iously injured Monday in I head-on collsion between I cur Ind I tractor-ti'Iller trunsport neIr here. Police were unable immediately to Identify any of the victims. They said three apparently were sailors ti-Ivelling iii' the Elf Ind the fourth wsii the driver of the u-Import. They said both the dead were oc- cupsnls of the en.

RELEASE NEWS MEN tlleutersi

SYDNEY. AuItrIllI -Newspaper publisher

Astronomers In Ireland

Bulletin of the Department of Exleimal Affairs. Ireland

EARLY ASTRONOMERS

Even in,times of great Inti- quity there is some trace of Is- tronomical knowledge ln Ireland. In the Early Bronze Age - I time of great sea-faring activity when some knowledge of practical as- tronomy must have been I nec- essity - there is evidence that the orientation of some megalithic tombs in Ireland shows I know- ledge of the heavenly bodies and their movements. In the 1st cen- tury B. C. the Collgny Cslendar drawn up in Gaul exhibits an el- aborate system of chronography, based on Istronomical computa- tion, not Idopted from any known model. Greek, Roman or other. Graven on I bronze table it con- tained I tabulated ritual progra- mme for five years, month by month. day by day, over 1,800 days. with I separate line for every day. It is interesting that some of the names of the months in modern

Irish are related to those in the Coligny Calendar. -

Caesar, too. tells us that the study of astronomy was one of the chief studies of the Druids. and Pliny describes the arrangements of the months by the Druids. ---liis evidence being corroborated by the Collgny Calendar.

Though the massacre of the l)rulds by the Roman forces in the Isle of Angelesey in 61 A. D. made In and of Druidism in the countries under Roman power, it continued to nourish In Ireland and was transformed, not abolish- ed. under Cbristllnity. Indeed. ex- cept as regsrds . llgion. every- thing that Caesar tells us about Druidlsm in GIul is found in the learning of the only Christian schools in Ireland. Sufficient Druid- ic sat:-onomicIl knowledge may have survived to enable the Inclent lrlsh to discover the centreiof Ire- land in Ulsnech -- I calculation remarkbly cuct. '

While there II no Iurvlvlng text on the astronomical knowledge of

Ind solu- eclipses. A typical Iumplc is that in the year M4: "Eclipse of the sun in the morning

In tnrv wmtn , lopoedin of the llbei-II culture of his lily. luiown II the ricon eoutdnl I

gilius the Astronomer or as he was known in Ireland "F1-eghil an Geometer". The Annals of tlie Four Masters chronicle his death in the year 767. ”Ferghil, the Geometer, Abbot of Achad-bo. died in Ger- many in the 13th year died in Ger- cpiscopate." St, Ferghll was one of the many Irish missionaries who went to the Continent from the seventh century on. bringing back the tradition of Latin culture to Western Europe.

Ferghil succeeded another Irish- man Is Abbot of the monastery of St. Peter in Salzburg. While Abbot he came in conflict with the great St. Boniface in what became . cause celebre of the Middle Ages. The conflict arose from specum. ""15 OI Fershil on the shape of the earth. the existence of the Anti- Podes and of dwellers on the other slde of the earth. St. Augustine. "1 upholding the doctrine of the unity of lhc human race. which glld not seem reconcllable with the th::”ry M ”'9,An”P0des, had cast

.g"”3i WPII-Eh! of his opionion against such theories, but this did not prevent Ferghll from expound.

lost - though we know he was exonerated in his dispute and made bishop of Salx. burg.

O

I 0 A century later

the greatest of

rubber boots. Building.

P-

WNIIJIJI

Our experience of over truce Underwriters.

”' for your dis-

".ii"..i”.'l”.'E'iJ"d ""9 0f the clearly so far back into history. TTT'TT”

OPEN SATURDAY UNTIL 9:30 PM.

With a full line of Miner Also clearance stock sale in Chandler

Men's and Boys' Burburys Joe shirts and jackets Ind sweaters. Overall-42.95; Work Pants s2.95; Ladle; shoe;

BARGAINS FOR ALL

F0ll Yllllll ,l'll8llllAllllE NEEDS.

llYllllMAll I no. LTD.

hruIIIrhi1ofIoeIuiry,ul- tutyocduposoi.

on-in

turbance- It may be due to I local disturbance affecting the arteries or circulatory system.

An examination by your physi- cian is necessary.

greatest European L ' Early Middle Ages, John Scotus

I - NOTESVBY

Dower In rural Ind small. town ridlnk.-Goderlch Signal-star

nfmlll. bicycle. inuulucturcu lnve been too successful in the American market Ind Ire now to my the penalty. President Eiun. hower's decision to nine the tar- lff on imported cycles by 50 per cent is unlikely to.encourage other industries to tackle the dollur mar- ket with the some enthusissm In future. There II no excuse in this one tint I defence Industry needs protection not that I well estab- lished industry is being seriously damaged by foreign traders. The American bicycle market has been vii-tuIlly crested since the war by British manufacturers Ind, far from destroying In American in- dustry. it has in fact built one. -Manchester Guardian.

The First Commercial Bank of Chicago has set up I special "Teen Age Loan Fund" for high school students. The 31,000 fund will make loans It three per cent up to 350 "or even more in special cases" without co-signers or collate II. The fund will be administered by I board of three high school stud- ents, advised by Harold H. Stout. the bank president. "We're con- vinced thnt the majority of today's teen-Igers are responsible. level- hended youngsters." Mr. Stout said. "Our program not only gives them found: for immediate needs. but also gives them I chance to build I sound credit rating, soma- thlng that will be of value to them all their lives."-Wall Street Jour- nIl.

At the current meeting of the CInIdiIn Education Association, In considering the education of children of unusual Ibility, onie fear was expressed that if hese were given special treatment, "in- tellectual snobbery" might result. Now. of all kinds of snabbe ,, intellectual snobbery is the lust objectionable. for It II merely I perversion of I good thing. And If all kinds of snobbery, intellectual snobbery is the least likely to trouble Canada, for I country more bovine in its rejection of what- ever seems to (Ix the intellect cIu- not now be found on the earth. Perhaps we ought to run the risk of intellectual snobbery In the pro- cess of encouraging the develop- ment of real intellect.-Peierboih