;A_G_EAFOUR THE GUARDIAN

Morning Daily (Founded In 1887i. Authorised as Second Clue Mail, Post Office Department. s. Ira.

Preeldolst, his A. Burnett; Vlw Preeldent, Wm. IL Burnett; SeaL-‘Treaa, (l. M. Barnett; Editor and Managing Director. J. B. Burnett; Associate Editor. Frank Walker.

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"The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest lnk."

CIIABLOTTETOIVNIIUESDAY, i-‘ursncinfqof 1MB

Then And Now

ln the first fiscal year of Confederation, ending June 30, i868, customs yielded 33,62‘. 000, excise $3,006,000, and all other taxes $2,- 087,000. Out of these modest revenues thv Provinces received back from the Dominion $2,- 228,000 in statutory subsides and $260,000 l!" Governmental and Legislative expenses, or $2,‘ 488,000 in allp-tliis bcing‘Zl.Z per cent of the total Federal customs and excise receipts ol $11,630,000." Quoting these figures, the Sydney Post-Record asks: _ L

What would this formula give thefrovinces I followed in the reallocation now being work- ed out at Ottawa? In other words if the Prov- inces were allowed $2,488,000 out obcustoms and excise. collectionsof $07,530,000 l" i357, what should they receive out of the ‘more than ‘$l,000,000,000 the Dominion is receiving from those some sources in the present fiscal year? On the i867 basis the yield to the Provinces in this year of grace would be at least $225,000, 000, or approximately the total amount the IDominion is now offering the Provincesp-on condition that they vacate entirely ‘certain taxa- tion fields which are common Federal and Pro- vincial revenue sources under the British North America Act. __ _ There was no such condition in the i867 al- location, and there should be none such in the new allocation now contemplated. Fiscal needs and taxation potentials were the sole consider- ations that determined the deal made by the Fathers of Confederation l8 years ago. No oth- er considerations should be brought inte the pic- ture today. The Provinces should get their re- quired revenues in fair and reasonable measure from the common pool of tax receipts on which every Government, central and local, depends for the financing of its services as contemplat- nd by the British North America Act; and-each iurisdiction should continue to function with_all the sovereign rights, executive and legislative, vested in it by the Constitution. No new fin- anciol deal should depend on any condition re- pugnant to the Federal system, or discordant with the distribution of the various functions of government made by agreement between the founders of Confederation in 1567.

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The Brooliviilo Iionforonoe

Summarizing the results of the recent 12th annual conference of the Canadian Federation of Agriculture at Brockville, Ont., the Winnipeg Free Press notes that the conference had some trouble when it considered the question of‘ lift- lng our embargo on cattle shipments to the United States.- Agriculture Minister Gardiner, in his speech, advised the Federation that such action should not be undertaken at the present time. The Federation, however, had previously ' described the United States as “the natural and logical market for Canadian live cattle" and this policy was re-affirmed in a resolution pass- ed by the conference which went on to ask that at least token shipments to the U. S. be im- mediately permitted by the Canadian govern- Inent. This resolution was endorsed unanimous- ly and without discussion.

The day previously the Federation had heard Mr. Flood, agricultural attache at the U. S. em- bassy in Ottawa, explain how the U. S. govern- ment has ‘lowered its duties on Canadian farm products and he expressed the hope that cattle shipments to the U. S. might be resumed in part X at least, by the spring. ’

There was no resolution dealing directly with the wheat agreement with Great Britain. As expected, however, Mr. Hannam defended the agreement in his presidential address; he is one of the farm leaders who urged the Government to sign, the agreement.

The Federation una ' ‘y passed a res- olution asking for "continuance of the proiiibi- fion of the importation, manufacture and sale of margarine in Canada." -

The conference was very firm on the ques- tion of price control. lt is opposed to having ceilings imposed on butter and meat; and it 'strong'ly protests the reirnpesition ofjurther price caiitrols of livestock and livestock pro- ducts, unless these are acgompanied lry a policy of overall control of the prices of thos-g goods and services which constitute the farmer's pro- duction costs." Referring with approval specifically to the Dominion marketing legislation of i934 the Federation demanded a national Marketing Act. While emphasizing the humanitarian im- pulses of Canadian agriculture, the Federation also was careful to ask for floor prices onfarm products and for guarantees by the Federal treasury. At the same time lt asked that ex- emptions from income tax payments for single personsvbe raised from $750 to $1,200 and for married persons from $1,500 to $2,400., Mr. _ Hannam said the Federation also will ask for the restoration oFan excess profits tax and for a,graduated tax on corporations. _ ‘ Al! entire morning session was devoted to a l Jed by several economists, at a sta- _ romme tor'-agrlcul_tiire., ' iitioiii-yvhlclriatoussd‘ rlis greatest

if lfllltllfl» w s the-one which askl wit-in ‘mirr- ss ndsd shim-in...

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force of recommendations. The board of direct- ors may accept or reject them as they prepare their submissions to the Federal government However, since these directors meet privatoly,

i blic sessions provide the only opportunity

the pu for open debate on the central problems of farm

policy.

In recent years, concedes the Free Press. the influence of the Federation with the Federal Department of Agriculture has greatly increas- ed. On many occasions Mr. Gardiner has sought to win support for his policies by showing that they embody the views of the Federation. Apart from this, the recent conference was important on its own merits, since it covered the entire field of agricultural policy as it now is being debated in Canada.

- EDITORIAL NOTES --

Today is Shrove ‘Tuesday or ‘Pancake Day.

Tomorrow Ash Wednesday, beginning of

Lent. . .

The curlers from home and abroad are mode welcome to the City. t

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An alcohol fast here in Lent would play

havoc with the Government's "blood money."

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Enthusiasts for the roarin’ game are in their element and the order of the day is, "Soop her

up. i I

Then there is the irrepressible optimist who claims we have a new off-season major in- diistry-snow removal.

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lt will be secn from our advertising columns that "John of the Lilacs" book’ of poems is now on sale at book stores in both the City and Sum- merside. No more appropriate Lenten or Easter gift could be selected.‘

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ln Poland the babies are fed with eye-drop- pors to make the milk go around. Children cgn- not grow healthy on this type of feeding. Let us give them the chance they need for life and health by making our donation today to the Can- adian Appeal for Children ‘

The question of compulsory government in- spection and grading of fish products was argued at tho Quebec fisheries conference. "islanders with the experience of development of markets for seed potatoes will certainly favor a properly graded product.

Notwithstanding, indeed, because of the good winter roads, not a few autoists got storm- stayed over the week-end. Tempted by the fine weather and smooth highways they left for parts distant, and were caught in the north-caster drift of Sunday evening.

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The U. S. Navy has announced plans for a monster 60 to 80 thousand tan aircraft carrier frorn which to launch atomic bomb carrying ‘planes. Whatever its merits as an offensive weapon it will at least be a more satisfying tor- get for A-bombs than ‘anything afloat. I i

We will probably find that the dollar sav- ing program does not immediately stop the drain on American funds. Large imports of capital goods partly offset the program in its early stages but should eventually result in con- siderable savings of exchange.

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Traditional Chinse politeness seems to have gone by the board in Shanghai. After the dem- onstrations, which the Chinese did not attempt to quash, British property owners received a police notice: "There are a lot of slogans writ- ton with oil and ink at your main entrances. Please wash or chip them away promptly to preserve the neatness of our city."

Lord Lister, English surgeon, died this date i9i2. influenced by Pasteur‘: discoveries of the origin of fermentation and putrefaction, Lister began his far-reaching and important work on the cause and prevention of septic infection of wounds, which speedily led to his employing anti- septics in all surgical operations. The immedi- ate and definite success of the Listerian treat- ment soon led to its adoption by surgeons every- where. .

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Rt. Hon. Mackenzie King admitted in Par- liament thathis nomineesfor the Senate had given an undertaking to Mr. King as the one who was responsible for nominating them that they would support any refifim measures the King Government might introduce. Such an under- taking depriving members of freedom to vote on future bills is contrary to our ideas of the in- dependence of Parliament. They could not, of course, be enforced but the exacting of such promises would seem to be a breach of parlia-

mentery privilege. O

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The Rt. Hon. Mr. Howe and staff can do- cide what capital goods may be imported, says The Printed Word. On the prohibited list, ex- cept under special permit, is printing machinery. No printing machinery has been made in Can- ada since the Gordon press produced by West- man 8, Baker went off the market a generation ago. There are rumors of two competing pro- jects. J. E. Atkinson is said to be planning a big’ plant on the waterfront for his Star Weekly, a Toronto paper of enormous (for Canada) cir- culation. The other rumor is the thought that W. H. Wright may wish George McCullagh to produce a weekly edition of the Globe and Mall. The Star is a Government supporter. The Globe

' and Mall is a stern and persistent critic of the

Government, it ii altogether likely that Mr. Howe would endeavor to be fair in dealing with applications.‘ But theta politician has the pow- er to be arbitrary pod dlscrirninatoryjs Intoler- olile. It ls intolerable avsn. in matters having more cornnisrcfal; significance. It is wom when the situation makes possible rlis hampering of

, dinernlriatiirn el ¢tltl§llr|i'0I_-»10Nfhflll

‘Fl-TE GUARDIAN.

Jlotos By The flay-

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‘It may be true that the beet ‘things In life are] free, but the enjoyment derived’ from watching the sun rise has never compen- sated for going without break- fast - Kitchener-Waterloo Record

A Briton reports he lies a profit- able sideline tracing family trees for Americans, some of whom lie- llevo there's royal blood In their veins. And they won't. mind Ina much. perhaps. if the blue stuff is lrisoed to George III-Windsor Star. i ‘I'm-re lis a fir-id of action open to the province which could Iiuve a remedial influence on the Im- mediate traffic problem even though It. would In no way rc- place the safety campaign. lt is In the enforcement of existing truffle regulations and the curb- ing of dangerous driving prac- tices. ‘Itiese are elementary mat.- ters. with which every driver is supposed tio be familiar before he ts granted an operator's permit. And yet regulations are being broken every minute of the dny. while dangerous driving practices tiave gained widespread accept- ance.-Torant¢'Giobe and Mall.

To many. Britain now appears to be poised at the dawn of a new Elizabethan Age. From it. ‘is not expected another Shakespeare. But it, ts reasonable to hope that the Intense activity In another sphere \vlll produce a scientist of comparable stature. whose gift, to the world may contribute to the cause of universal treace through the relief of those human wants which breed disorder and strife. The conditions are propitious. And in that. brotherhood of sel- enee exists the spirit. which cuuid encourage that. most. desirable cle- velopment. -sVietorlrs Times.

Foodie prolific cirop of eoa- weed also holds promise. Research In Scotland has shown that ii wide variety of products crsii be derived from the various seaweeds. Chem- fats know these products as "al- giristes" os- "eornplex sugars," end there are scores of Industrial uses for them. Even the shells of the clams and mussels packed by Bay of Furiday carmerles could mean work and wages. Waste new, they could be turned into mother o pearl buttons with the residue of the shell being ground into grit for poultry. --Salnt, John Telegraph-Journal.

In an Arctic post. tho R. C. M. P. are anxious to get in touch with a local trapper. Tho trapper-s enthusiasm Ibr an Indian glut led hlm to make glfta to tier that were not his to give. He was eppre- hended when eomplalnbs were brought. to the RCMP and sentenced to cut, the coming winter's supply of firewood for the post. Through the Arctic Summer the trapper worked off his sentence diligently, was released and faded into the bush.

On the first. cold night of late August. is Mountle brought in an armful of the newly cut wood. He had some difficulty with it. A few more samples from various places In the pile confirmed his worst suspicions. The wood had all been cut two inches too long for the fire box. _ The Printed Word.

When Mr. A. G. Rowe. n Tas- manian garage proprietor, was called out. in the middle of an icy night lust, Winter to serve petrol. he went. back to bed with bitter thoughts about night motorists. He could not. sleep, and In the mom- lng started working on his brain- wow-a self-service petrol pump operated by an electric motor. for which he has secured patents In all countries of the British Empire and the United States. It: resembles is grandfather clack. and will pro- vide o. 24-hour service for all mot- orists when petrol rationing is lifted. The motley is placed iii n slot rind petrol is measured through a meter. Mr. Rowe has made pra- vislon for fluctuating prices of petrol. - Australian NllirVS-Lrflblfl‘.

Altar spending 55 years in goal, Antonio Coilinn. an Italian, riow a ivlzened old man of 80, has been pardoned rind has returned Io a world which Is new and strange to hlm, writes our Rome correspond- ent. When he was a young pea- sant of the Abruzzi region lie was tried and i-onvicted of tlie murder of the wife of another peasant, wl-io had been found with lier throat out. For more than half l century he was passed from pri- son to prison. always protesting his innocence, and when interview- ed recently after his release he still maintained thnt he did not. com- mlt,‘ the crime. —-\I..ondon ‘Times

For years the Yours; Men's Section and other publIc-splrltlzf bodies have urged that. everyone get. out and vote on election dny. The following item from the Dauphin Herald tells of one place where nil the voters did turn out. with untoward consequences: Few places In the country can lay claim to ‘having n I00 per cent. turn- out, for voting. Yet. this happened in the Big Stick municipality In Saskatchewan. Of 210 voters on the voters Ilst, 0 resideirits lur- ed out to vote. waver. this led to complications. Two candidates were running for Reeve, Albert. Jester anrLWalter Melrose. Thhy each received exactly half the vates- 105 each. The winner was‘ "pulled out.‘ of a bnIiK-fiom Win- nipeg Tribune.

sums, wants riwaivran

IIAIJFAX - (OP) — Aid. Ralph Qalllvan has no particular opts-mm otithonew tools. our-m docs Iiunii girls who yer: at on? run should weer more clothes. t,'s not tries thsyre immodest. but, they kaep complaining that the 0mm [n u» building erle sold.

CHARLOTTETOWN

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This column In, open so the slleeellois by oerre- ! " “ of , “‘ al r, llshotalt. The Charlottetown " Guardian does not aaeenar- lly endorse the opinion oi correspondence.

Sir.—The letter of Mr. David L. McKlnnou-ssppoorlng in Satur- day's press must. add lo the elec- torates uneasy view of the candi- diucy of two iwtdve plumbing con- tractors for election to the Board of Commissioners of Sewers and Water Supply, to form a, con. trolling majority if both elected.

The writer finds no fault \i'll.h the good sense and timeliness of the letter, at least. as it. is in- tended to safeguard public health. But its reference to the needs of areas Just beyond the City limits gives rise Lo thought. Undoubtedly, the suburban areas about the City must have access W Pure water; probably this our best. be done by extending the City water system under some type 0f financing and regulating con- tiol set up by Ilia Government. to motes-I the City against, financial loss and the suburban consumer nee-Inst hish rates that. might otherwise be fixed for curly n. covery of the cost of extension. There can be little doubt. that: our Wales- Commissioners will have important questions Io decide, and should have no personal consid- erations to influence them.

There has always been some question of tho propriety of any active pluriibr-r serving on the Board. In ordinary Limes, this question mainly arose from Ilia circumstance that. the Board's engineer is charged with the duty

TIIE WATER. PROBLEM

of inspecting. and ff necessary. condemning tho work of all plumbers svllhiis the City. The

last, election appeared to resolve or overlook this difficulty. prob- lbi! through regard for the plumber candidate. and confidence In the strength of the Board and the YBCOSTIIZcd Integrity of the engineer.

But “r the coming election two Plumbing contractors are offering. and one of them resident out-side the town and In the" urea requir- ing ‘new service. And that, new service will certainly give many jobs to plumbers and present many problems to the engineer and to the Board. Ono plumber mull’. be elected. and that. result cannot be condemned lri light of the last. election. The question facing us now ls whether both should be on the Board to control its judgment in all matters.

This is not. s letter for or against any candidate. but against an impossible situation.

I ism, Sir. etc.

WORRIED TAXPAYER

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FROM: TIIE EVERLASTING » MERCY

"Ilbe stasis camp was In the oopse, Three felted tents, wltih beehlvo

........ .. taps,

And round black man-Ls Where ma; tied been,

Anxl the old wagon, pointed green,

Arid three rib-bod horses wrench.

inc i: s. And three 130d boys to watch me pass, And one aid vroraeruby the tLre Bulking a rabbit warm frcm. wire, I loved ta me the horses bait. I fell: I wail-red at. Heaven's gate, dllust Heaven's gate was opened

wide Yet, still the gipsies camped out-

side. The waste souls will prefer the wild Long attmr life is meek and mild. Perhaps when man has entered in His perfect city free from sin. The campers vrlll come past, the walls \ ‘ with old lame horses full of galls, And WRKOIIS hung about wltih witliies, A-nid bumlng tinker‘: stlthlies, And see the

coke 1n

golden term, and choose. .

And think tliie wild too good to osc.

Arid camp outside, as these camp-

ed Lhen, With wonder Blfblll! entering men.

s —-Joi.‘sn Maaflfleld.

Old Charlottetown (And P. I. I.)

CIVIC ECONOMIES

"Very few of our citizens are ever int-crested enough to attend any of the regular meetings of the City Council. Ask those who stay away, why they do not, go and they will shrug their shoulders. . . Briefly It ls because the Coun- cillors are hypnattzodJttoibli-Ig is bu rig done - citizens have given Ilium up. and consider them more flitlre heads . .. "

"It appears that a little over a yeBIrlID. when the present Coun- ctl was elected. economy was the cry of the party v/ho were war-Ii- the: and before one rest of the citizens wpre aware ‘of whet hop- peaed the present men were elected .\. . Consequently work on ftrie streets has been gradually las- setsed. the sidewalks have been nag etefimo ‘tempt has been med to increase . u” ‘unmys enesa or the city by planting and Ir ofttist corn-sad all for -ttie of a IIttIe-touteo- economy. the climax of which is a rluueolou opens tn of one pet cent of the lax o_ personal property - s-