ow . By Moeil elsewhere in P.Ed. *9.09 per annum.. Other

Coverr Pruce Euwety -Isiand Like We Dew —

Carrier_Charlottetown, Summerside 30c per week Provinces and United Siates $12.00 per agnum _.

PAGE 4 TUESDAY, MARCH 10, 1959.

Berlin Situation

” * A factor in the Berlin situation

4

~ with which Soviet Premier Khrush-

- such an extent following the Soviet

Grotewohl are no doubt quite fami- liar, has been revealed by Dr. Paul Hertz, head of the West Berlin gov- ernment’s economic department. This is that storage of supplies for the isolated city had been stepped up to

ultimatum (Khrushchev’s Bérlin deadline of May 27) that the 2,500,- 000 inhabitants, including the 10,000 man Allied, garrisons, could be fully fed and clothed and receive ample amounts of fuel, light and gas for at least a year. Ever since the Soviet

kept up large supply_reserves suffi- cient for about six months. These stocks have now been doubled to

- meet every emergency. + Meanwhile, almost every day a

small convoy of trucks carries sup- _ plies from West Germany 110 miles

through’ the’ Soviet zone to West Ber- lin. Soviet soldiers check these sup- plies and time-stamp their loads. After May 27, says Khrushchev, East German offitials instead of Russians will perform this routine cho

Even if these convoys should be

stopped, and a blockade imposed, its ©

effectiveness would be highly proble- matical. This may be behind Khrush-

chev’s agreement to Prime Minister | _Macmillan’s proposal for a foreign

ministers’ conference, and his will- ingpess now to postpone the with- draw] of Russian forces from East Berlin for a month if negotiations are held meanwhile. ©

There have been some hints, through unreliable as yet, that Mos- cow would accept a United Nations police force in their place or even that some Western troops might stay under the U. N. aegis. This’ possi-

bility would call for a good deal of

examination. If Communism: wants to convert--Berlin into an unarmed

city under international auspices, it -

should give convincing pledges not only to the U.N. but to the men and women whosé lives and freedom are involved. If the action of a police force is to depend on a vote of the Security Council, subject to Soviet veto, the force mighifas well not be there. Even in the nbly it is a bit .doubtful whether the required two-thirds vote could be mustered in a crisis in view of the number of small neutralist nations lately ad- mitted to the U. N. Nevertheless, some proposals for international guarantees of an independent status for all of Berlin, with access from West as well as East, may be worth putting forward.

The situation it too grave for

"persistence in “brinkmanship” poli- ties on either side. If there is now a

lessening of rigidity in the Soviet approach, the fact should be wel- comed as offering real possibilities

’

for negotiating on a ministerial level. !

_ As Mr. Macmillan warned in a speech

in Russia, sheer. muddle and miscal- culation might start the shooting. It looka now as if-Khrushchev is pondering that warning ‘seriously.

: Trade With China

It is interesting to note that ex-

ports from Canada to Mainland

China in 1958 increased in value to some $8 million compared with $1.4 million in -1957. ‘This news comes

from “Foreign Trade”, the official.

publication of the Department of Trade and Commerce. The export list also grew <n length and diversity, and there were new sales of magnes- jum, nickel, two‘cobalt- beam therapy units and, after the August relaxa- tion in strategic import controls, $8,000 worth of scientific equipment.

\ But wheat sales. were by far the

8 . tion increase

largest, totalling some $6.99 million, followed by nickel at $562 thousand. The wheat ‘sales were made before the extent of. Chin

e known and so have shown no in-

* 3 et Ali er ee ge

grain-produc- |

ten

—

and maladjusted, they being sensitive

the wind blows

. markets can expect expanding sales. This was evidenced

‘in Canada’s inability to hold the .

market for fertilizers last year; al- though fertilizers were Canada’s leading export to China for the previous three years, they disappear-

ed from the list entirely in 1958.

This can be attributed almost en- ‘tirely to..price European suppliers _pared their quotations to the bone.

Calling All Chiefs .

Chief . Eagle hasn’t intimated '

whether he will attend a “summit” meeting of Indian chiefs to be called shortly at thesSix_Nations- Indian reserve, near Brantford, Ontario.

Last week, hereditary chiefs and

their supporters turned out? the

elected council at the reserve and declared the reserve an independent country.-The counci) will seek recog: nition of their new regime. That is why Chief Eagle’s. attendance would be so important. | ce

Mr. Pickersgill was curious about this-matter in the-House of Com- mons. As superintendent of Indian Affairs while he was minister, h no doubt had a special interest in the matter. But he had another reason for asking abont Chief Eagle. That happens to be the honorary title borne by Prime Minister Diefen-

. baker, conferred upon him with due

tribal ceremony by the’Cree Indians of northern Saskatchewan. d

So when Mr. Pickersgill asked whether the P. M. intended to go to the chiefs’ powwow at Brantford, the Commons chuckled. The Prime Min- ister was under the impression that the Bonavista-Twillingate member was an honorary chief too; but this turned out to be a mistake. As Mr Pickersgill explained the matter, he was barred from accepting this honor owing to the portfolio he held in the Liberal regime. So there it is. Mr. Diefenbaker hasn’t given a. hint of his plans, but it is unlikely they include a visit to Brantford in the near future. :

cDITORIAL NOTES

It*won’t be long, says an exchange hopefully, before the squirrels will be biting off the maple twigs.

,

As the Winnipeg Free Press says, ..

Prime Minister Macmillan’s state- ments while he was in Russia stand out like rocks of common sense in a crazy sea. They impress us, and they

surely cannot fail to impress many~+

of the Russian people. The question is: Have they impressed the Russian

leaders ?

A report from Brussels states that since Iceland extended its territorial waters Belgian trawlers have been ex- perimenting with fishing for ocean perch off the Labrador coast. A cap- acity catch of 250 tons in seven days was reported. As a result of its initial success, the firm intends to send smaller ships'to Labrador, the Gulf of St. Lawrence and Newfoundland.

7 ‘4 e868

-Scientists are always taking the joy out of life. Now they have dis- covered that there is no such thing as a contented cow. Cows are’ cons- tantly affected by social arrangments of the herd. Every herd has a queem cow. Cempetition for the top run in cow society causes unsuccessful so- cial climbers to become émbittered

and high-strung* creatures despite their reputation for placidity. on * *

Dr. William Beebe, scientist and

explorer, has offered tips in the

National Geographic Magazine on how best to watch wild life. The ob- server should wear drab clothes, but it is mainly movement, not. color, that frightens animals. Preferably an observer should move only when v and moves the leaves. When a wild creature is near, eyes should be kept partly closed

‘as animals do not like to be stared

at.

‘* * ”

The ‘Algernine’ is now the sole representative of Newfoundland’s once mighty sealing, fleet, which numbered a hundred véssels a cen- tury ago. The great difficulty, says the St. John’s Daily News, has been the high cost of building ships’ for the sealing voyage without assurance

‘that they can ‘have adequate em-

i

ployment all year round. Newfound- .

land hag no steam fleet today apart from a few surviving costal steam- ers. “We have,” says the News sadly, “almost ‘ceased to bé.a shipowning island.”

. THE

RED DOVE OF PEACE

OTTAWA REPORT

en

By ea,

Last week was Education Week in Canada, which to mcst parents meant no more,than the annual occasion when, urged by en‘thu- siastic offspring, they self-con- ‘ sciously sit briefly at the back of a classroom to watch The

PUBLIC FORUM

This column i open to the discus

sion by correspondents of question c.

taterest. The Guardiao does not reser

sarily *n‘orse the opinion ef corres pondents.

| Emerg

»

APPRECIATION

Sir,—The members of the Press Committee for Education Week ommend you for your evident contribution to..the cause of Education in Prince Edward Is- land. .

We are certain that your read- ers will have noted with appre- ciation your generous allotment of space to letters, ef@., contri- buted during the last week in ‘the interest of educational d2- ‘velopment and roveinent. They will have noted alsc that your coverage of the many un- dertakings - throughout the Pro- vince in.,connection with Educa- * tion’ sive.

We appreciate your work, Sir, and thank you for your: suvport.

The Press Committce for Education Week

(Rev.) Edmund J. Roche, Chairman; Mrs., Norman Mac- Millan, Mr. Wilson Ross.

5

DAYLIGHT TIME

Sir —I notice from reading a recent letter in your paper that Daylight Time is stili a live is- sue. Now I'm sure thet we coun-

tryfo.k sympathize with our city “ cousins in their. endeavors to have an extra hour in the eve- mings to enjoy our great outdoors, but will someone please expla‘n why it is necessary to tamper with the clock in order to do so?

Do we have to think _ that they are so immature that they have to practice mekebelieve, so that they can start work an hour earlier? From where I write in Southern Kings, during the lob- ster-fishiag season, you can s2e, or hear fishermen starting for their day’s work at three a.m. or earlier, and I’m sure they don’t neet Daylight Time to induce them to leave the arms of Mor- pheus. - I am, Sir, etc.,

FARMER High Bank, P. E. I.

‘SHOOTING POOR PUSSY-

Sir—In a recent issue of The Guardian - was a_ report from the Provincial Legislature now in session in regard to the Game Act. It stated in one sec- tion that a vote had been taken that cats should be shot when ab- sent from the owner’s premises. _ It is unjust, unfair and cruel and is just a ‘suse -to-try to exterminate cats. Cats should not be classed as wild animals or birds who prey on one an- other and whose very existence depends on it. They are a part of our civilization; dames'ic pets since early days—first by the Egyptians and {in the Far ’ East. »- :

They, are fed by their ow who are, in most cases, kind to them and are loved by children. They render invaluable help to the farmers and other peop'e. They catch mice and rats in the barns, also in the,fields, where mice and rats do harm to field

and root crops. .

It is ridiculous to think that cats can be kept within the boundary line of fences and other property on any one day.

“was prompt and exten--

In Education -

k Nicholson

Youth of Canada at Work, and to inspect essays or drawings proudly pinned to the wall. Typi- cal Grade 7 sample starts : “My nicest hol'ydzy was spent at,the beautiful lakes of Ontario which ‘s the capitel cf Canada” (spelled just like that).

I heppened to celebrate the opening of Education Week in a dalightful way as guest of Wel- land's veteran Lideral M.P., Doc- tor W. H. McMillan, at lunch in the Parliamentary Restaurant.

The Doc, incidentally, is al- most. cur only M.P. who starts the week tired rather than re- freshed by his week-end. He nearly always makes the long trip home to the Niagara Penin- sular (where there are now cro- cuses in his arden, but there is deep snow in mine here)o-But he is not a member of Par!'a- ment’'s Tuesday to Thursday Club; he goes home to cll up his sleeves and work hard et his other and older*carger, as a sur- een. oe

‘Last- week-end, he told me, he set the pace with four. operztions, including a- gall bladder, a cae- sarean ané a hystercctomy.

Many citizens of Thoro'd ard district know and trvst him from way back. ard he is reluc- tant to refuse their reques‘s for medical attention. In fact he is setting up one of Canada’s most complete and modern ctinics there, where his private patients and many tion cases will be attended to. INTEREST IN MATH

All cf _ is by the way. Our conversation soon swun7 onto politics, and to his vivid new-found interest in our count- ry’s grave financial problems. The Doc has made a name for himself as something of an ex- pert on our bond market and thé effect thereon cf goverrnment interest rates.

It all.started with my school- day interest in mathematics,” he to'd me. “But its a very differ- ent story ‘in tcdav's schools, Do you know, I asked some 12 year olds tHis simp'e question: ‘I have bought a Ict 100 feet square and want to set up posts ten feet apart along the front. How many posts must I buy?" They all got the answer wrong. Then we get onto the subject of the “Comparative study of the curriculum in mathematics and science in Soviet end Canadian schcols”’ by Anthony Frisch, which has caused so much alarm- ed interest here cince it was recently distributed by Conserva- tive M.Ps Doug Morton and Fred Istinson, whoobefore enterinz Par- | Stinson, who before entering Parliament’ were colleagues, on Boards of Education in Greater Toronto. ; Mr. Frisch has made: a de-

will not bother to find out. Foxes, skunks, weasels, racoons and wild birds, such as owls and hawks, all combine to kill more game birds. Mice. and rats are not regarded-as game for hun:- ers. The weather is ancther factor in there not being so many game birds, namely; pheasants, hungarian partridge and grouse, in one year. Farmers have allowed hunters to invade their property during the season. but if their domest:c cats are going to be destroyed, they will not favor. any Govern- ment that sanctions such a ruth- less act. Messrs Be!l, Acorn and MacKinnon, with their ‘inhurnane views in regazd to.cats, may be catering to the wishes of. some pleasure lovers. : Shooting. game on the Lord's Day is a not uncommon occur- rence on P.E‘1. and little notice is taken of jt: A number of game birds are ‘shot before the season opens. Last: week was “Educa- tion Week", when the need for ‘better education for children was stressed. The sxhocls are ‘trying ‘to teach kindress and forbear- ance to oo animzls. ~" . am, Sir, etc.. A COUNTRY RESIDENT

4 -sities,_also_at Pickering Co!lege

Workmen's Compen- ;

‘ SJ ‘tailed study of this topic in the course of three years in govern- ment service here, and more) years mt as a stience student at McGill and Cambridge Univer-

ami {n an Ontario High School.

His rt is shocking.

“We trail the Soviets by three | years in mathematics, aad two Years in science,” he finds. And he deplores the Canadian habit, not followed by the Russians, of “popularizing subjects to spcon- feed lower grades.”

Of course it has long been known here that special schod!s had to be set up in -Britain for ‘the children of our servicemen stationed there, not because of language difficulties but to sal- vage our natiotral pride, since our children are two years be- hind British students.

Analyzing our curricula by pro- vinces, he finds that Newfound- land, Saskatchewan and Quebec lead our parade as showing the hizhest. standards, while Ontario and B.C. bring up the rear.

The blame does not lie with our children, who have at least as much natural capacity as o:h- et chi'dren; the blame falls on our teaching system. »

Mr. Frisch concludes that not- withstanding provincial jurisdic- tion ‘in the field of educaticn. our Federal Government should immediately declare that a. state of acute. nationak emergency exists in education. ;

coc McMillan is one of the few | M.P.’s I have found far-sighted enoug’ to regard th's as the very serious situation which it certain-

| May. Approach

“they are-

ot nel

Danger Level

By Herman N. Bundesen, M.D.

DIPHTHERIA is not com pletely licked. : Because so many. persons

seem to think it is, the disease is staging a comeback.

As a mater of fact, so suc- _€essful has been our immuniza- tion against diphtheria — that many doctors today have never

+ had the opportunity to diagnose

and treat the disease. — EFFECTIVE CONTROL °

of the population-.must be. im- mune to it. Because most of our children routinely receive diphtheria toxoid these days, une.

A recent issue of the’ “‘Physi-

cian’s Bulletin” ,reports, how-_ ever: , “Because of the low incidence of the disease, there is no stim- ulus to maintain this immuni- ty. Therefore we are develop ing a population of immune children but susceptible adults RECENT «OUTBREAKS

“For this reason, the number of suscéptible people may be approaching the danger level ~ ‘and sporadic outbreaks may be expected to, and indeed, do. occur.” :

Actually, outbreaks have oc-° curred recently in various lo- calities, particularly in urban areas of the north. Up until this time, these places had been al- | most entirely free of the dis- ease for years.

Another problem created by the decrease of immune moth- ers ig that fewer -babies are brou into the world with: passive immunity to the dis- ease. If the mothers are not immune, they can’t pass this protection on to their offspring.

Generally, we: recommend: that immunization — shots_ be given sometime betwes: the age of 3 and 9 months. How- ever, some doctors tow sey that it: might be advisable to give the toxoid —even—earlier just in case the mother was unable to pass on natural tem- porary , immunity.

_A REACTION Occasionally there are reac- tions to the inoculations, but

they are ‘seldom serious in chil- dren under the age of 10. :

vel tay children and adults, reactio ight be rather severe and even icad to temporary in-' capacita‘ion. Thus, older. chil-~ dren afid adulis should be g.ven a Schick test to determine .im- munity to the .disease and, if necessary, a Maloney tést to establish sensitivity to the diph- theria toxoid.

I suggest that you check with your doctor now to find out whe her or not you are immune to diphtheria.

QUESTION AND ANSWER

L

daughter’s hands to sweat and feel clammy? ‘ Answer: Cold clamms hands may be cf no significance. In some instances this may- be reaused by circulatory and glandular disorders or a» ner- vous condition. A check-up by your doctor will reveal if any- thing is wrong.

The Age Old Story

Be thou faithful unto death and I v“i give thee a crown of

ly is.

life.

P. E. Island H

The following is *taken from

Town, Island of Saint John, 14th August, 1788, from H. Town- shend, a Customs Official to Right Honourable Lord Sydney. (P.E.I. State Papers).

“On the 19h June last, IT seized as forfeited, a Schooner of British-Plantation-Built, own- ed and havigated according to Law, the causes of seizure weve: first, that her cargo was Im- xorted directly from New York in‘o this Island contrary to the »rovisions of a late Act of Par- liament; anid secondly, that bulk was broke before entry: the goods were landed .in the night-season at the Farm of the late Lieutenant Governor s‘tu- ate nezr thé entrance of this Harbour, and disant about three miles from Town.

“Havinz ree very cor- rect and satisfactory Informa- tion of an Extensive Smuggling Trade intended to be carried on between the late Lieutenant Governor, his brother John Paterson, and a _ wealthy in- habitant of the Sta‘e of New York to whese daughter Mr. John Paterson is married, and being well, aSprized that this small. vessel ‘was to be- follow- ed by a larger ship named the KITTY in the same disgraceful employ, I formed a_ resolution to seize this property, and (by that means stop the. encreate of so ruinous a Traffick.

“Accoriingly in the night fol- lowing I obtained a Party of soldiers from the Commanding Officer here, went to the Farm, and in Compady with the Comtroller made a seizure of part of the smuggled Effects. but, befcre we could get them to ‘the. Boats prepared for the purpose, the Servants of the late Lieutenant Governor aid- ed by eight or nipe other per- sons who had been sent -over the water by him from Town to their assistance, (being an all about twen‘y five persons armed with various offensive weapons) wrested the proper‘y out of our hands.”’ :

' At Townshend's. request only a Corporal end six nien had been sent with side arms only, for fear seme accident micht | happen on too_slight a provoca- tion, although he knew almost to a certainty that he would be resisted. Both Townshend and the soldiers were detained | seve-

fal hours. Pane ' Soon after Townshend heard

a long letter dated at Charlotte |

“Smuggling At Rocky Point .

istorical Socicty

of ancther- quantity of --goods being on the farm, being a | vart of same cargo. Townshend mmediatelys obtained another narty of soldiets fully armed, and again went to the farm ‘in company wth the Comtroller and se.zed the goods in a véry arful place of concealment, and conveyef them to Town, and have since’ libelled them and the schooner in the’ Court of Vice Admiralty as forfeited. The schooner had been at anchor close under~the- land, a little without the harbcur, and in such a situation as not to be nerceived from the Town. The Mas‘er of the Schooner had been most: confidentially as- sured of his finding no collector on his arrival, cr any other of- ficer, from whom he had any- thing to fear. Mr. John Patter- son had chactered the schooner and giventhim very confidential instructions in writings and the Master seems to havé médita- ted a suit at Law against. Mr. Patterson for leading him blind- ly into such nefarious conduct, which had exposed his property to forfeiture.

OUR. YESTERDAYS

‘(From the Guardian Files)

TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO (March 10, 1934)

The Carnegie Library Institute epened a library at Crapaud on Weoinesday, this being the tenth branch they. have opexed on the Island. Speeches were delivered by Rev. Mr. Ayres, Rev. Father Pitre, Rev. Mr. Lund, Rev. E. S. Bridgewater, Dr. Callbeck, Dr. N. R.~Bovyer, Mr. J. Vernon Moore, and Mrs, Creamer. Miss Mary Newsem was ~ appginted Librarian. > .

Mr. and Mrs. W. A, McLaggan of MSntague left Tuesdzy for Ot- tawa where they will attend the fifth Dominion Convention of the Canadian Legicn. Mr. McLaggen is President of the Mcntague Branch, and will represent the Branch at the convention, Mrs. McLazgen is a member of the Veteran's Auxiliary. :

“TEN YEARS AGO °

(Morch 10, 1949)

1 The Summerside Fire Depart- ment tested three new fire sir- ens y y afternoon that had been i on. Ottawa, Mar- ket and Argylé Streets. Former-

.

<a % i ++

_ Pe

Mrs. E.W.: Wifat causés my |.

examined. Mr. D. W, Kyle, re-

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ical officer, Railways, was concluded yes- terday. Over 60 candidates were

gional superintendent First Aid, Moncton, instructed the classes.

nee Vocth Corner |

2. re SPARROW IN A STORM

Huddled on an icy fence Of in a naked tree,

A starving sparrow sits and)

waits, Hoping patiently.

Hoping that you won't forget

A true Canuck to feed,

Whilst: down below his feline foe}

Slyly stalks in greed. | / vl

He’s ‘oné of God’s own creatures The same‘ as you and I; Spare him, thep. bread,, That he may live and fly. —FLORENCE GREENE In the Ottawa-Journal.

MAXIMS

Set yeur affections on things

a crust of |.

’ ; : * i}

gERoEREE

ty

: i H ;

i

rf: z

“Cudmore business

STANDARD + ELECTRIC * PORTABLE

Call us for sales, rentals, service,

A Oat Re

a ove, not on things of the earth.

Tenders For Firemen’s Uniforms

Tenders will be received at:the office of the undersigned, up to 12.00 o’clock noon on Saturday March 14th, for supplying the Charlottetown Fire Department with eleven 2 piece uniforms. Samples of cloth to accompany tender. Lowest or -any tender not necessarily accepted.

Tender Committee, _

CH’TOWN FIRE DEPARTMENT Charlottetown.

4 So

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