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"The strongest menscy B eek be the weakest lab."

FRIDAY, NOV. 25. 155

APEC Business

Mr. Nelson Mann, executive manager of the Atlantic Provinces Economic Council, declared in his speech before the Charlottetown Board of Trade that the first busi- ness of the organization is to set up appropriate committees "to study the various problems that confront the area's industry and public utilities". No one will quarrel with this interpretation of the initial function of APEXi; for, of course. before a remedy for our economic ills can be found or even sought, there must be a clear understand- ing of the nature of these ills. Ad- mittedly nog enough expert know- ledge of the economic strengths and weaknesses of the Atlantic region has been made available in the

, past.

I, , , economic

At the same time, extreme care shbld be taken to see that the ap- pointing of committees does not be- conle a stereotyped formality, an end in itself rather than a means to economic development. It is so easy for an organization-any organiz- ation-to evade important issues by the simple expedient of "ap- pointing a committee" to bring in a report. The directors of APEC will. we are confident, be careful to avoid that pitfall in which many worthy enterprises have fallen from time to time. It can be assum- ed, too, that in the naming of com- mittees every attentlion will be paid to the necessary qualifications of members.

There will be general agree- ment with Mr. Mann's view that a "united front" ought to be able to produce more and better results than the old system of unilateral action. Nevertheless, it is import- ant to remember that no united front is any stronger than the in- dividual members who make it up. In pressing for a frontal attack on the problems of the region, and in conjunction with it, there must be a determination on the part of citizens of each Province to make initiative. like charity, begin at home.

New Regime In Bugancia

(The Kabaka of Buganda, who has returned to his people after two years of London exile, was met by 8

7;. cheering. singing. dI'Um-beating We"

a

;,'l'hncugh Stanley. llutesa invited Christina -- '

cometthat a conquering hero mighl I envy. Actually, conditions surround- ' ing the homecoming were more con- :-. ciliatory than conquering. A new treaty between British and Bul- -; ganda governments has set up a i constitutional rule that limits the j. Kabaka's powels, while increasing - those of his ministers and parlia- - ment. Differences that led to the . Kabaka's exile have been resolved by agreement that the province -shall remain an integral part of Uganda Protectorate instead of "seeking a separate or autonomous status. l Buganda is the largest, wealth- iest. and most independent of Uganda's four provinces. Astride the equator beside deep-inland Lake

" Victoria, it is peopled chiefly by ad-

vanced Baganda trlbesmen who speak up language called Luganda. A relatively civilized kingdom was already nourishing in the region in 1862 when the first explorers. John pspeke and James Grant. crossed it in search of the Nile's source. Kab- aka of the time was Mutesa I, great- grandfather of the present Cam- bridge-cducated Mutesa II.

In the 1870's, world attention again was focused on Buganda by the visit of Henry M. Stanley after his famous rescue of'the explorer- Inhsionary, David Livingstone.

nomlc progress that would event- ually make Uganda one of the most stable and prosperous of African lands.

Meanwhile, however, the per- secutions and intrigues of Kabaka Mwanga, son and successor to Mut- esa, stirred up a succession of poll- tical and religious struggles, com- plicated by a Moslem faction of Arab traders and converts. The chaotic conditions finally led to the establishment of a British protec- torate over Buganda in 1894, and later to its extension over neighbor- ing areas and incorporation of the whole as Uganda Protectorate.

Today, the Buganda people, num- bering nearly 1,500,000, have a high standard of living compared with that over much of Africa. From the Uganda capital, Elntebee, in Bug- anda Province, special laws protect the Africans' interests. Farm lands are reserved for native use; Europ- ean settlers are few. Buganda's prosperity is based on its fertile soil, with cotton and coffee the chief money crops. The provincial capital. Kampapa, holds some 40,000 inhabi- tants, according to the National Geographic Society. Visitors are surprised to find modern factories. office buildings, shops and hotels as well as handsome cathedrals and a spectacular mosque.

The Moroccan Way

Whatever one may think of the Moroccan politicians, who have been much in the news in recent weeks, one cannot fail to be im- pressed-though not necessarily favourably-by the ilmaginative manner in which they attend to certain amenities related to their avocation. Take, for example, the case of Sultan ben Youssef and his one-time arch-enemy Thami el Glaoui, Pasha of Marakesh. In 1952 when Ben Youssef was driven from his throne by the French author- itjes for his outspoken nationalistic views this man el Glaoui was a sort of Moroccan equivalent of "leader of the Opposition" and a strong supporter of the French against Ben Youssef's pretensions. But last week, when the exiled Sultan came back to his throne el Glaoui was one of the first to pledge his loy- alty. Not by sending a telegram or calling his old enemy by telephone. No, that would have been much too simple an act for a tribal chief- tain. It had to be done in style and ostentation.

After divesting himself of his rich robes and putting on the gar- ments of a slave, el Glaoui crawled across the floor of the royal palace, kissed the Sultan's naked feet, and, while protrate, murmured tearfully and penilentially, "For ever and ever I am your Majesty's servant." He would have stayed in the humil- iating position for a week, had not his Majesty told him to stand up for all was forgiven. Does this mean lllat Thami el Glaoui will re- nounce his political ambitions for all time and cooperate with the Sultan for the good of Morocco? Not at all. If he adheres to tradi- lion, he can be expected to seize the first opportunity that comes his way to undermine the Sul- tan's rule and enhance his own po- litical prospects. Intrigue will con- linue to be the crowning glory of his life. The Sultan understands all this pCl'ieClly and is not disturbed by it.

The important thing is that the ('llsinmal'y amenities have been ob- served in the good old Moroccan way. It would not do for our poll- licians at all; they have their own brand of intrigue to cultivate. But to the Moroccan mind it is all very wonderful and the very essence of propriety.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Premier Bulganln told his In-'

dian hosts that "the mountains sep- arating-Russia and India could not stand in the way of the growing friendship between the two coun- tries". He might have added that they are not the barriers to invas- ion they once were.

Prime Minister I-laotyama's pol- icy of trying to keep on good terms with both sides in the current big power disputes wu in last Tuesday's election. He can an- pset it to be ninth busier than it

PUBLIC FORUM

nu eelsns Is epen B the liens sin by correspondents ef (Issued: of Interest. The Guardian lees eel necessarily endorse In ednb U venun-mdnm

THE HUN SITUATION

Sir.- I have read with much interest the many letters re- garding the Huns. and I would like to say that I have never seen the Huns so plentiful as they are this fall in this section of the Province. Regarding the non-resident gunners I am inclined to agree with Mr. Jenkins as the few visiting gunners would amount to nothing compared to the bom- bardment the Huns get from local gunners.

I am, Sir. etc. RANDAL RICHARDS. Abnl.-y. Lot 64.

CASH PRODUCTS

Sir,-I notice an article in the Nuv- l7 Guardian, stating that the only cash crop the farmers have. are potatoes. This is not so. Farm- ers do not "carry all their eggs in one basket." They have beef, fat cattle, milk, and milk cattle, all cash, they also have pork, a big cash produce; butter, eggs and poultry-a growing cash produce.

Even strawberries are becoming s rcal handy crop, and a cash one. and this crop is becoming a real boon to many farmers, and will grow into a big money maker. if the farmers that grow them, give them the right conditions. So it seems to me that they need a little more optimism, and not let the low price of potatoes. at the pre- sent time worry them too much. For in a short time price may improve.

I am Sir. etc. V.C.G. Charlottetown.

COURT!-TSY IN DRIVING

Sir,-As a l'Cl.!lliar found Mr. llulllz's cartoon today on courtesy in driving inlcresf- ing and quite timely.

It was lll('C to nolr the very many dri urs who ill.)ill.!lllnlII)' slowcli when fIl'lVifli2 through heavy slush and approaching p e o p l o w.llkinl1. Apparently. however. the ones who rudely gt splashing by are not by nature open ta Slll.',g9Sfl0ll.

One such driver Ihorounhly drcnrhcd me with dirty water Luckily i was able to catch his number and he may look for ward to being called upon to help share in the cleaning costs

I am. Sir, cl('..

ilUFl-li.l-Ii) PEDESTRIAN Charlottetown. R. R. 6 November YA.

WHY RELEASE MORE PHFIASANTS?

Sir.-some newspaper contri- butors appcar to be mud: in- lerested in promoting an exten- sive release of mature pheas- ants during the coming spring. One writer proves mathematical- ly that a release of mature spring would be much more effective than rais- ing and releasing chicks. With this reasoning I flily ages but I fail to see why any rain” or

Justified unless the coming win-

the population where it arm." We have an open season on pheasants of six weeks duration ifhiriy six lrbootins days) with a limit of live birds per day of any sex. If our pheasant popnlaii can stand a season of that length and with null s generous beg limit. surely his is not he tlrreto talk ofufurtber .r:,essesl we not ev - erons in permit! a has lg of five birds E renardess of sex? If he W13 had e,bI from is em-

to the stage needs a "shot in the

reader I '

pheasants in the nest future is ' ter is severe enoujl to reduce-

Jel Pilol Apprenticeship

By Richard Anon Canadian Press Staff

Young airmen from many lands are going through a strange and fascinating apprenticeship in Can- ads. All English construction worker. s student from France. a farm hand from The Netherlands, an army officer from Norway-these are some of the men now learn- ing to fly fighters and bombers in a network of training schools from Ontario to Alberta in Canada's NATO at training program. -

After 13 months' training they will be ready to return home as qualified jet fighter pilots and nav- igators-each a 865.000 investment

Predators and winter killing might reduce this number to 2000 by the following spring but we would still have the equiva- lent of a very large release of birds.

Many gunners feel that too much of the license money is spent on behalf of anglers. if this is true, it seems to me that. rather than spend money on the release of new pheasant stock. it would be a much better idea to use the funds for predator control and to provide farmers with flushing bars for their mow- ers. If reports of nest destruc- tion by mowers are even close to the truth. two or three hundred flushing bars would provide fal- more pheasants and " garian partridge in the fall than an equal sum spent for birds to be released.

I am. Sir. etc.. Charlottetown.

TOYNBEE QUOTED

Sir.- I was interested the other day in your short editorial on what

Arnold.Toynbee. the famous Eng- lish historian, has to say about the challenge that faces "Western civilisation" today.

I give below another quotation which might be relevant and worth publishing:

"A departure from religion. 101- lnwcd by a return to if. is. I be- lieve, a fairly common experience in the West in our time: and per- haps ii is also usual for the return not to bring the traveller back ex- nclly to the point from which he had started. 1 was brought up in the belief, held by the adherents of all religions and ideologies of Jewish origin, that my own ances- lral religion ( as I am English. this was Christianity) was a ullitlllc revelation of the truth. I have come back to a belief that Religion holds the key to the mystery of exist- ence; but I have not come back to the belief that this key is in the hands of my ancestral rl-l;gion exclusively. Since this is the re- llglon in which I have been brnlllihl up. my own easiest approach in the mystery will always lie along this path. But this need not life- vent me from also followllg otller paths as fer as i am shle. and these other paths will be the eas- lest paths for people bred In other traditions.

"ln thinking this I find myself holding the view that was held by a pre-Christian Greek and Roman

ism and is still held today

NIMROD

PIS!!! by that ball of the human race,

one adheres to some fans of Hind- uism or Buddhism. Tile Indian re- liglols are not uclluteely-minded. Tlleysrereadytoallqwthetthel-e may be alternative approaches to iiiis fll a' Ina? and? i&i'll.i'.' . re .

catholic.-,mlnded Indian religious :)II'I:n)!b:Lg vzymof IIIVllI.Ol'lII::

um lain In whlctlll W!'hlV5,I4:'IeIrII to

ve II I Illj: am we Ill! hat :3 des.u-oiy ourselves."-Arm

oynbee.

lollrldthe ebor: flan. ;!ynbee s en-mg sunr form '' re: '-N-.........l'-c-I.-.2-.".':r encu 0. , I- ran kinder. voluolo

i 2 I

for Canada-to take their places in NATO's h i t efence buildup.

STARTED IN 1950

Canada's training is an out- growth of the formation of the North Atlantic defence act in 1948. It began assembly-line pro- duction in 1950 and since then has graduated some 3,500 aircrew. Now it is handing out wings to about 1,200 students a year.

Students from France, Belgium, Turkey, Greece, Italy. Portugal. The Netherlands Denmark. Nor- way and the United Kingdom have part" ' f s' the I .

Before their training is ended some will have mastered a com- plex machine that costs 3300.000 and files up to 580 miles an hour- the T-33 Silver Star jet trainer. But the students are also forming ideas of a new country and the people they are meeting in and out of courses.

"These boys. in a weird and wonderful age. are going through weird and wonderful experiences" an RCAF official said. "and th end effect is that they come on men."

The Canadian Prairie is suited for training mainly because it is flat and ...m.sely-populated. Its variable weather is ideal for all- weather training. Milltarlly, too. its geographical position makes it less vulnerable to attack than a European centre.

AlRFlELD' AVAILABLE

An advantage was the fact that Canada had the iar fields, those used in the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan during the Sec- and World War. When they were given some minor repairs this country was easily able to adapt itself to, the job of intematlonal "trainer."

Centralia. London and Trenton in Ontario were brought into the plan. in the West. sir fields at Gimli. Portage la Prairie and Macdonald in Manitoba. Saskatoon and Moose Jaw in " 'atchewan. and Penhold and Cilnesholm in Albcria. were put back into full- time use. The navigation training school is at Winnipeg.

But there were problems. Train- ing which involved different na- tionalities presented the initial difficulty-language.

To orientate studenis to the country a prc-flight school was started at London. 0nt.. to teach En',:Iish. air force history and Canadian customs. Graduation llsllnlly comes within three weeks Slut depends on individual capaci'y.

Al Pcnhold, Claresllolm, Moose .law and Centralla the student is given basic ground and flying in- struction, Normally, as in the past, 'le would take his first flying in a Ilarvard. But this quick jump from ground training to flying in the complicated Harvard is now under revision by air training officials.

A new flying period is being added to the course.-Students are getting early instruction on the Iisht. single-engine Chipmunk-s tralnin - stage that compare. somew at with the war-time slow- Dbce flying in a Ti er Moth. The "non. an RCAF cer explained is to give students more instructor and flying confidence before

the speedy I-isrv . FLYING TIME CUT

They new solo in s chipmunk after about 10 hours flying and in a Harvard in six to in hours. in the put. dual training a Harvard alone took about 8 fly- ing hours.

as.

E

The Age Old Story

Yelsvereeelvedthehhltd I ,wherehyweery.Abbe.

Medically I Speaking

by Herman N. luadesea. I. I.

HERE'S A SIMPLE TEST CHECK HIDE VISION

How's your side vision?

Can you dimly see obiects far to the left and right when Y0" look straight ahead?

Unless you have "tunnel vi- sion," your eyes should give you nearly a in degrees sweep (half a circle) of what is in front of you and off to the sides.

This side vision is especially im- portant for drivers. in fact, a re- cent New York survey disclosed that 58 per cent of a group of highway acident repeaters had poor side vision. Only eight per gent of the accident-free drivers ad it.

PERMANENT HANDICAP

For some persons, "tunnel vi- slon"- the inability to see beyond a narrow. tunnel-like ares di- recetiy ahead - is a permanent handicap. For Others. it is a tem- porary condition provoked by such things as a headache, a toothache. inflamed sinuse VII a cocktail.

If you have poor side vision, you should be aware of your handi- cap.

Here's a simple test suggested by 'the Better Vision Institute which will tell you approximately how wide your field of vision is:

Hold your left hand, palm up. at arm's length. Fasten your gaze upon it. Then, take a piece of paper in your right hand. stretch your right arm out to the side, and slowly bring it around toward your left hand.

Notice when you first sight the piece of paper. This should be when your arms form an angle of almost 90 degrees, or almost a right angle.

Switch hands and you can tell how good is the side vision of your left eye.

By lowering the piece of paper from above and by raising it from below you will see that your mar- ginal vision up and down is much more restricted than is your side vision.

The entire visual field of each of your eyes, if they are normal. resembles the shape of an egg. When your eyes operate in unl- son. the visual fields of each. of course, overlap.

QUESTION AND ANSWER

B. L.: My husband, who is 78 years old. sleeps most of the day. What can be the cause of this?

Answer: There are many causes for excessive sleepiness.

it may be due to constipation, but this is not a very common cause. Lack of outdoor exercise or eating the wrond diet may cause it. A circulatory disturbance and thyroid deficiency are other causes.

Your husband is in need of a thorough physical examination to determine the cause of his dif- ficulty. p

M.

CATHEDRAL MUSIC

-1 entered a dim minster, where

Aisles of praise and towers of prey- er

Fenced me round from all the strife

Of this illegible. blurred life: And I put from me. one by one, Riddles that bemuse the Sun. And deep into oblivion hurled The undecipherable world.

And through the rich and jewelled gloom

That rllbled some crusaderls tomb.

There rose and rolled a golden wave:

surged reverberant down the nave:

Ravishingly, with violence sweet.

stormed the earth from ineath my set:

Swept me as a leaf abroad

In great tides of billowing laud:

And left me. amid regions far,

Desolate - cast non a star.

-William Watson.

hours instruction.

After advanced training they go to, nearby Mscdonsld for a five- week introduction to serial cam- bat. They fire film-loaded guns from jets at target drogues towed by other planes. Air-to-ground gun- nory is done with explosive live irockets. some of these rocket tar- gets are led on Lake Winnipeg,

RAF students. who are in the NATO plan under a separate ngleement between the United Kingdom and Canada. bypass the Macdonald course and are sent back home for gunnery practice.

RCAF graduates are spl

AlIOP'I'!Il8I'fl.l.

:

i Page 4 The Guardian

NOTES av "THE WAY

deed Iklwell Ire e setiseal investment. Cheaper, faster tras- sportetion is no one area. by in- proving productivity, illdirec produces we ill for the federal as well as th provincial tresslu'les- A federal-state highway arrange- ment has worked satlsfacf , in the United States for many years and might well be tried in Canada."-Ottawa Citizen

Forty-five years ago today HM. C-S. Rainbow steamed into Es- qulmalt-the first ship of Canada's newly-crested navy at this Pacific base. The old vessel. purchased froln Britain. established its place in history-e potential shield, how- ever thin, against the German raider Lelpsig, which incidentally it never engaged during the First world War. -Victoria Times.

We don't think the change came any too soon td suit those who cater to the tourist trade. The slight advantage that may have been derived with the Canadian dollar at a premium was too often offset by the confus it ,caused through lack of uniform practice. Few operators bothered to keep pace with day-to-day fluctuations: others charged an arbitrary am- ount: still others were willing to scept U. S. funds at par. -Port Elgin Times.

The performance of the atomic submarine Nautilus surpasses the most optimistic expectations, in- deed has been a little short of amazing, declares the United States Secretary of the Navy. In his own words atomic submarines "are proving to be very potent naval weapons." This tells us very little. but it suggests much, and anyway seems to be about all the U. S. wants to know. Indeed, some of us already have heard enough.

- Sydney Post-Record.

There has been no uniform fire prevention code until now in Can- sds- The new code is based on the recommended fire prevention code pl-omulgnted and published by the National Board of Fire Underwrit- ters in the United States. but It has been specially adapted to meet Canadian requirements under all normal conditions. In adapting the suggested code to meet the needs of a communlt . some changes. ad- dltlons. and omissions may be re- quired. - Cllatilsm News.

Buy Britain's blues! manpower problem today is many more ja for officeboys than boys to f them. An employment agency est- imates London could use 15.000 more of them right now. The short- age includes girls too. There are 5,000 jobs waiting for girls bet- ween the Ig of 15 and 18 in London banking and insurance firms. A low birth rate immediate- ly before the war and up to 1950. accounts for the hortage. 200.000 fewer boys and gir having reach- ed the age of 18 this year than did so in 1939. Eight years ago the British Government made 15 instead of 14 the age when a young person could leave school and take a job. This has kept 300.000 in the classroom for another year. --Syd- ney Post-Record.

Education for everybody is still quite a new thing; it has hardly a century of history behind it. And teaching everybody to read and write is the greatest revolutionary movement since the Renaissance. It will take time. Even so, the desired end may never be achiev- ed. it is an amiable delusion to suppose that in some ideal future everybody will be able to read in- telligently. and write clearly. it takes more than teaching to achieve that: it tsku learning: and learning takes brains; and some people have less brains than others. and some who have brains have not the kind of brains that show to best advantage in reading and writ- ing. And some people are stupid. They are lucky to get by. Why ex- pect them to have a high standard of reading and writing?

The decline is bee-keeping. .- peclslly in Old Ontario, is a so will t1'IIId- Honey in not a mail CND. but as s pollinator the hon: bee plays an important role in tl production of fruits and seed. . Farmer's Advocate.

AI uhlwv feature of the WI fare State is that its advocate however sincerely in the long-ier. sense they may have the wen-bell of the public in their minds. al prone to look upon social securil mess cu. in the shorter run. : , terms of the ballot box. -Winnlpe

Tribune.

What most people don't appea to realize to the extent which the should is that the dawn of the glorious tomorrow is already hel- and that, as a nation, Canadlpn have to be up and doing tiling rather than merely peering cautl ously into the future. -Calgar, Herald.

Surely those who remain allv have a responsibility to themselve and to society to do somethln, about reducing the reckles slaugllt of humans on the high ways, in the lakes and rivers an: in fires. Everything suggests the to be effective the action mus be drastic. Even as it is, the lift on this sphere is indeed "temper sry"; here today. lone tomorrow -Moose Jaw Times-Herald.

with the aid of Jamming do vices. the Iron Curtain can be made impervious in many spots to some d methods of com- munication. But when the wind is in the right quarter. transmis- sion of information is possible, as was proved again the other day. Balloons were used to float the newspaper "Free Europe” into Poland. to live people of that country their first uncensored news- papers in eight years. The balloons were launched from West Germany, which was a coincidence. In the war years similar balloons can-led news of the free world to Czech- oslovakia. "Free as the wind" still is proverbial. Poles and Czechs can agree ruefully that like the wind freedom also comes and goes.-Windsor Daily Star.

Msnoenvrlng a otor vehicle a- bout on streets covered with ice and snow these days is no mean task. Wheels spin. can slide and extreme care is needed by all driven, no matter how skilful they are. Pedestrians, too. should be very cautious when amusing these slippery streets. Even if the mo!- orlst is driving carefully as he can, he just dosen't have the con- trol over his vehicle that he has when driving on pavement. Ped- estrians should take this into con- .sideration before they decide that, if they can't quite make it to the other side of the street. the driver will slow down for them. He may try to slow down but his car may

not respond Every day should be

a "safexiriving day," it is true

it is true. It should also be I "safe-walking day."-Frederictioll Gleaner.

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- Peterborougll Examiner.

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