"m1: from: TIIE GIIILUTTETUWI Glllllllllll

Mann“ Qully (Founded In I817)

. , le: 8. ll Lure '"'“"“' "w" w" Vi’; c“ m. 11.1.1‘.

Vice-President: J. gggyglu-y: 1.1m. c111. o. A. affirm»- "-10-

m. v4.1. "1"" m‘ “""‘F'“‘ Wm} ' 11d ueut. m1 A Wcuiiiit-Egiiohriioiiiriiii (011 Tau." Scrvloel

rflle Strangle’: $522122: weaker Than

WEDNESDLY. NOLM. 1943 _

Agricultural Changes

An interesting analysis of some of the chant!" in Canadian agriculture. particularly during the decade 193i 1o 19.11. 1s given 1n the current is- éue 9f Tim Economic Jfnnalirl, a publication is- Sued by the Dominion Department of_Agr1cul- ture. The article is based 0" Pfellmlnarl’ ff" ports and releases of the_D_¢m°El'aPl'lY Bra-nah Domiiiluir Bureau of Statistics.

The farm population, which was 31-7 P“ cam of the toznl in 1931, declined to 27.5 per “m by 194i. The greatest percentage declines occurred in the hlaritiine Provinces. Saskat- chewan has the highest propmlloll 0f PoPulalw“ engaged in agriculliire with 57-4 l)" Cent of its population living on farms. Prince Edward lsltllltl 11nd .\lllk‘l'lll ranked second and tlilrd. Ill the l‘r11\'int~¢ 11E (Quebec, only one-rluarteeof the people live on farms. British Columbia and Ontario are the itiost urbanized provinces 111 53mph, “m, only 13.0 per cent ‘and 18:5 per ccnt respectively, of their populations being on farms. _

The zimuiiiit of occupied farm land in Canada has increased consistently as far back as re- cords g1». During the 2O years from 1921to 19.11, it irirrcasvil from a. total of I41 ""1119" acres to 175 inilioii acres.

ln Prince lidivard lsand 83.9 per cent of the land was in farms and along with Nova Scotia and New llrunsivick has less land in farms than in 1921. In Saskatchewan, 39.4 per cetit was in farms as coittparctl with 28.9 per C811! l" 1921- British (jolnntbia, Qitcbcc. and Ontario have only 1.8 per cent, 4.4 per cent and 9.0 per cent of their total land areas in occupied farms. In Saskatchewan and Alberta more land was brought into occupied farms than in all of the other provinces combined during the twenty- year period

The provinces of Saskatchewan and Alberta have the largest size farms. ln both provinces the average is 438 acres. Over a twenty-year period in Saskatchewan, the average slze of farm increased about 17 per cent. Nova Scotia experienced the greatest increase, the average rising from 99.6 acres in 1921 to 116.9 acres in 194i. Prince Edward Island has the smallest farms, averaging 95.9 acres In both this Pro- vince and Quebec, the number of farms have increased, but the average size per farm has decreased.

The growth of agriculture in the Prairie Provinces is reflected in the increase in size of farms. While Ontario had 11.5 per cent of its farms over 20o acres in 1941, Manitoba had over 50 per cent and Alberta and Saskatchewan nearly 70 per cent. 53.6 per cent of the farms in Alberta and 65.9 per cent of those in Sas- katchewan were over 300 acres.

Present trends iti agricultural production are of necessity only partly revealed in the census data. Since 1941, production shifts have been marked especially in the Prairie Provinces. A lesser acreage is i11 wheat, more in coarse grain and flax. Dairy", poultry and egg production have iticreziscd sharply. Especially marked ltas been the increased hog production. Between 193i and i941, hogs oil farms increased from 4,699,831 in 1'1.c>o3.i(11). By June. i943, this to- tal had gone up to 8.148.500. 'l‘hc Province oi Alberta has replaced Ontario as 1\ leading area of llOg production in Canada. Saskatchewan fol- lows closely behind Ontario, Nevertheless the census is :1 useful national stock-taking deserv- ing of Clllstl’ tuialysis than has becti possible in the past.

The Newspaper Habit

The ll\.'\\.\l,7ll)lL‘l‘ is the rcaditig habit we acquire even before we are able to read-the habit which grows on u. . we grow". increasing its appeal as our range o1 interests cxpatids, declares Professor liryden. l1 1- 1h-.~ habit which is as much a part of lhc iluily life of klilllilflll as winding the clock. or drinking cilffcc :11 breakfast. lts hold on us" lies in the fact that it sitpplics most thorough sat-

isfaction of a hzisic huuyiii appelitir-thc hunger 1o know. I1 is lhc prcscin-1la_v's tttost complete answer to the question with which man salutes

his fellow man. "What diyc knoivi" Human Qllrlllﬁli)‘, the hiinkcrittg to know what goes on, is the inlet in ilic mass mind to which the news- paper is so .<’.‘Cl‘.l'l‘l_\’ fashioned. It accounts for the clear and constant access which the iicivs- paper provides to the thought processes and emotions of the people.

Neglecting The North

Vilhjalntur Stcfansson, Canadian-born Arc- tic explorer and expert, said in an interview in Ottawa that Canada had done very little to dc- velop the (‘anadizut Arctic. He contrasted the development of .\ltl:ivik, at the itioulli of the Mackenzie, from :1 settlement of a few dozen people to an out-post of less than a hundrcl, with the Russian (levelopincnt of Arctic settle- ments inln towns and cities of 1,000 to 10,000 people. The Ottawa Citizen comments:

"Mr. Stefaiisson does not exaggerate. S0 fzir as the Canadian Arctic goes-a vast territor capable of yielding great economic wealth —— it remains u plnre on the map to tuost Cattadiatts. am] y‘, gfﬂngdin" governments. Trappers and trades go llllu the Nnnhland, but that is about all. Mineral and oil wealth is discovered, but 'iltlc is (lone about il.

"Little is done by comparison with what Ruf-

a does with an equally vast stretch of the same

rt of territory. One instance of how Rus-

'1 does things has been revealed in connec-

tion with the building of the oil pipe-lillﬂ i701" Norman Wells to Whitehorse. The bit! Pmblfm the engineers ran into was -the permanent ice just below the surface of the ground. It Pl_'°' duced difficulties. The engineers looked for iti- forniation and textbooks on the problem. They found some eventually — but not in Ottaw-i- They sent to Moscow for them. _

“The present vast development in the North- west, undertaken by the U.S. government and army, is viewed with little imagination from O_t- tawa. Most of the high officials concerned with northern affairs have never seen these develop- ntents. Neither have members of the Cablllt-‘l- Maybe it doesn't matter-but it leaves a helpless feeling in the minds of those who know some- thing of the north and its possibilities. In oil alone, that north is the richest potential source

geratc."

.- EDITORIAL NOTES .-

Just a month to Christmas, and so much still to do!

irilqlti

There should be no scarcity of coal here if the Car Ferry keeps running. seeing coal merchants must keep at least fifteen days supply always in store to meet all emergencies.

i * i i

'l‘o1norrow the Progressive Conservatives of Queens meet to choose two candidates for next election. They have plenty to choose front, and may the best men win.

Ill l? i i

Immigrants to Caitada during the six months ended September 30 totalled 5,033, a. 15.1 per cent increase over the 4,374 immigrants arriv- ing in the corresponding period of I942. lllﬁ i111" migration branch of the Mines Department an- nounces.

I I l i

This Martime Province is not so active in Naval Week as it should be, for the reason that the local branch of the Navy League has still to be formally inagurated. l\lr. D. l. Bonnell ltas all the arrangements well in hand, just ivaititig a lOllg expected visit from Navy Lea- gue President Gibson to set the works in motion u 1t u n-

Relatives and friends of the American arid

scheduled to arrive at New York December 2 on the exchange litter Gripsholm should not ex- pect to tneet them on the pier as this will not be permitted by the authorities for security rea- sons, the United States State Department au- uouuces. The Red Cross was designated 1h: sole agency at the pier for the purpose of giving information to repatriates, delivery of mail and telegrams, as well as addresses, telephone num- bers and other information as to where they can meet friends and relatives in New York. I C I I

Latest advices by niail front England, in- dicate that Island boys were all on tenter-hooks over the outcome of the “iitanocuvres" they have been participating in, and the changes taking place in the different units, together with the establishing of new units. One officer writes: “Several Guardians arrived ditrittg the iveelz- end. and after perusing them I passed copies on to P.E.I. lads for their enlightemtieitt. They are certainly glad to hear front home. Wish their folks could see how their faces light up when the mail clerk comes tfirotigh with a letter". ’Nuff said.

if if. ll‘ Ill

Post-ivar Catiadiait homes will not have l'Zl(ll— cally changed exteriors, but will contain many prefabricated units such as kitchens, bathrooms and closets, according to the presidential re- port read before the animal meeting of the Can- adian Builders’ Stipply Association. “Com- prcgtiatcd lumber" — compressed and saturated with a plastic-was hailed as a post-ivar build- ing material for use in joists and rafters. 1t will not warp or swell ivith moisture and can be tised in (limeusious much smaller than wood to achieve a given strength, according to the re- port. Use of moulded plastic-bonded plywood, enamels. steel, light metals and various plastic substances vgis foreseen.

l i I I

Charles \\'ellingtoit liurse, linglislt painter, burn this date 1868; his talent was iuany sided, excelling principally in portrait paiittitig includ- ing a remarkably intimate portrait of “Mr. Jus- tice Collins". and the “Master of the llotntds," which exhibited his technical knowledge of atti- mals as well. lrlc takes a rank among those painters of the impressionist school who seek fresh modes of expression without departing from the fundamental principles of the British school, and his early death in 190.1 cut short a career of remarkable promise; in 1903 he ivas elected an :\.R..‘\.. and exhibited "The Return From the Ride”, bought for the Chantrey Col- lection; his other great work. "Diana of the Up- lands“ was bought hv the trustees of the Nat- ional Gallery; both are in the Tale Gallcrv, London.

n u n- n Mount Royal is a very popular spot with skiiers in Montreal during winter months, and it is estimated that since the Laurentiaits have become somewhat difficult of access for week- ends, the average Sunday crowds on and around Mount Royal are in the vicinity of fifteen thou- sand. In view of the possible dangers that might arise front the massing together of such a large crowd, and ivishing to prevent accidents. Mott- treal police authorities have decided to establish a police station on Mount Royal itself, and to station eight officers there, to superintend the movement of skiiers, maintain order and at the saute time educate the public as to the necessity of care, etc. These policemen will be on skils, and will carry first-aid kits with them. They will have as their mission the patrol of Mount Royal, the protection of the public, prevention of accidents and. ivhcnever accidents occur, the ﬂlVlllg of first aid pgnrling the arrival of a noc- tor. Started in i941 with two officers. this servin- is now carried out ivilli eight constables, four working in ilayitinte and the other quar- tetle in the evening, and their work is highly appreciated by the entire population of Mon-

treal.

in the world. No, Stefansson does not exag- Um

. - . F Canadian repatriates front the Orient who ate '

ruauc‘ 10111111

rum roars 11v CANADA

Hut-wlll Canada have free it‘? ti?" m‘ ""11 ﬁlth‘ i" e o purima 1m v- en n pummury of the port: in Til- m and America. the quutlon wl naturally be naked w the British Isles have not udop ed the pglizclble The rep to this ls I 1 tectlve turlff ln I846 and hlv ti: th

. harbour tn

ted Klnzdom automatically be- eomel u free burl. On the other hand. Canada has retained her protective custom tariff and taken no stabs to facilitate her u-ude with thgeout-sldo world. m n” u‘

ven year; ago, a Canadlm Solute. after l careful Investigation by a special com- mittee. pass-ed unanimously an act to “Enable the Establishment 0n- eratlon and Maintenance of Free ‘Irade Foralizn Zones": and sent lt to the House of Commons for con- fl-mnt-lnn. The act wu not dla- cussed ln the House but was sent to n. committee where ft was klll- nd. Abparently the Government today ls not opposed to the Drin- clble. for the Mlnlster n1 Justice has uulte recently encouraged the Cltv of Quebec to petition the 0t- tawu authorities to have u por- tion of their harbor converted Into u free zone.

During the present world eon- fllnt the Government has realiz- ed that. when supplied with a111- ple capltuland wlthliirize orders to work upon. Canadian manufactur- ers are able and prepared ta meet competition from all sources. Brl- tish. European and American. They have also learned. from the Dhcnomenal lrrowth of the Can- adian Navy. that we have 1n this country the maklngs of a Mer- chant Marine that in time wlll rival that of the Mother Land.

On top of these facts the rlslui: generation of Canadians both traders and manufacturers. with their eyes omuecl wlde to possibilities. no longer wlll e wllllniz to be curbed by the llmlt- ed home market of 12,000,000 peo- ple. Thcv forsee. what 1s bound to happen. vlz a. vast. awakening hf the hundreds of mtlllomi ln the

and 1n the British. n-encli and Dutch Islands of the Pncffle. who already are demand- lnst standards of life on l1 bar with those of the Western Hemisphere. To satisfy these demands nf the future wlll test, to the llmlt. the transporting trading. producing and manufucturlriz possibilities o! the American Continent. a guar- antee indeed of satlsfantory em. Dlovment.

Faced with an outlook such as the abovz, lt ls not concelvabnz that Canadian tzmorters, export- ers and manufacturers. wlll stand for the eurbltiz of their efforts. Government litsbectltm. and rill the necessary red time trummels.

There wlll be those who wlll call for an all-Canada Free Trade pollcv. but the need for revrnues on the one hand and the protec- tion of Canadas smaller lndus. tries. will render such a bollcy 1m. possible. for some years at least. and so tne Government wlll as- suredly assent to the introduction of Free Trade Zones. wherever they can be worked to advantage. I iim. Slr. ctr»,

H. K. S. HEMMING

oun WINTER PR-OTILEM

Slr.—I trust you wlll forgive the liberty I take in addressing this letter to vou. but I um just an humble cltlzen and not accustom- cd to letter writing so um appeal-- lniz to you to use your splendid gift of blaelniz important matters before the public. and the sub. lect of transportation from tho mainland to this Province ls one that. efftcts every one of us.

lst/—- The present car ferry was built in 1914 and has a grand re- wfd 1'01‘ the years she has been 111 the service. but she ls now twen- ty-nfne years old and cannot pos- sibly be as flood a shlp as she was ln the earlv years. regardless of how much repairs are done to he; each summer.

2nd-—I note by the Dlpers dur. lug the past month she has been muklnl stx eight. and as high I11 ten trips every twenty-four hours. Of course some may say: "Oh! lt ls only elizht and one half miles across. so she can do 1t easily." But the point that ls overlooked la this-the‘ distance across ls easy at this time of the year on the maln engines and stearlng gear 01' the 8ND — lt la the docklniz at each cnd of the run that Dlacea the heavy stralnvou her machinery especially when nlgli wlnds prevail -—lt ls then that every Ouncg or her s-cven thousand horse power engines are capable of must be used to turn. and then fluht her lnto the berth at tn: piers. and. dbcklng ln a high wind sometlmra takes as 1on1: as the run across.

3rd -— Don't. overwork this good

01d shlb Why not call on tho proper authorities to have the "Scotla" no on the service with

her and relieve her of maklnu so many extra freight trips. The bre- sent ship could continue her reg. ular passenger train runs and a trellzht run. and the "Bea-la" handle the rest. The salllni eche- dule could be m nrranled that one steamer would not interfere with the other at the docks. ﬂuv- llltl the "Scotla" helping on the run ngw and untll the fee start: drlfttn: into the Straits wlll save the bl; ferry for her heavy ice. fighting 1n mid-whiter and aulv 201a: when she f1 1o several: ea . _ . 4th—'l‘hc coal situation u re- nal-ds this Province. We lll knovv there 1.1 n. coal ahortaize-but n11 our Provlncrle an Island and ole-- pending solely on the one on ferry foi- supplies-tr an nocldenl should hat-men to her this winter our people would be tn u very bad pgsttltton for cool. oll and poulbly

Then why not ask the prom: authorltlea to iilve our Island a preference tn renrd to the lhln- ment of coal and allow the coal merchants n sufflnlent stock of coal NOW-mforc the ice muk a --bo carry them 1h t e winter months. But of coune sell 1t hi accordance with the reizulm- tlona now ln force.

If nnythlnn habtmu the ferry 11111 winter not a bound of coal can ranch here. But on the maln- land It. ls entirely dlfferent. u the coal ls produced ll: can be trans-

ported dnlly by rull to thejrea! where ft 1| most landed.

_~1-ni-: rriimiixrrrafrowiv

But. not "

GU-ARDIAN‘

car ferry. and I stress this one point, unless our coal dealers are allowed a rztfflcient stock wlthln n v-risonnble time to tide us over this winter hardship untold wlll be {he result and God forbid that. tnis shouin ~ 3" ta our people I 11m. Slr, ete._ .1 CITIZEN

1P.S. It may nct be generally kip-n but the can ferry Prince Edward Island was EPIflflV strait‘.- eu cscapiniz full steam ahead from

year aszo.—Ed. G.) Why The S.P.('.‘.A ‘I

In every country there are some Double wno are unkind to animals because they Jtnoiv there's not much an animal can do or say to cbLfend ltselt. Others ivno love them because they have become dependant on people for food and shelter, started a society called the SPCA to protect them from cruel or thoughtless owners. and from boys 11nd ulrls who think 1t smart to liullv somethlnz that can't talk back. If you can make friends ivnn animals. you'll find out es- pecially with dogs. how faithfully they wlll love you 111 return. Bu: l! vou are unkind to them and tense them, they wlll hate you and tvolwhlv trv to bite you 1n self- defence. and you then have a cross

PILLS

*1\Q\\ \\\\“‘1 “rm-i” V,‘

Fan-Am" ,

l a , I

lb 1,“. v.1‘. l ‘Q2 1,,“ lunu" ",1 a ‘i, "1 11 r110"

“COMPLETE INSURANCE SERVlC ”

V1.11. ROGERS Agencies Ltd. H0110 540-541

“WE MUST BEWARE of tryiné w

build a society in which nobody counts

for anything except a politician or an official, a society where enterprise gains

no reward, and thrift no privileges.”

Th: It. Hun. Wlnlﬂll Clllldllll

What is PRIVATE ENTERPRISE? It is the natural desire to make your own way, as far as your ability will take you; an instinct that has brought to lhis continent the highest stand- urd of life enjoyed by any people on earth. It is the spirit of democracy

517111111115. 1f anything; happens the an

the U-bout lti the 5t. llawreuee 1. lto sleep. it

THE ROYAL BANK OF CANADA

bud-tempered doiz and 1t ls your fault and not hls.

The SPCA helps People to make their sick animals well ugaln. and buts to sleep those who are too bad to recover. Any money which noes to the Society ls used for that purpose and to pay for an inspec- tor who trles to prevent any cruelty he has been told about and 1f its very bad the person who was lll-treatlnit their animal would no to court for trial.

When an animal has to be but ls done ln such a way that they don't feel any paln or even knqw what happentniz. People who try to do 1t themselves at home don't always make a izood Job of it. and the animal ls then‘ 1n great pain and perhaps escapes teri-lfled and hldes away under a house or barn and RIDG- uallv starves to death. You wouldn't llke that to happen to

on the march.

any of your friends so why should your inul friends be treated different y. In deullxii with your pets remember that they are tint- mals and not human belniz. so don't expect them. to thluk and feel llke us or llke the same thlnus. Being klnd to them doesn't mean overfeedlnii any more than starv- lniz them. and one 500d meal a day wlll make them fur heulthlir than odd blts throughout the day. once they are brown up. Never abandon an animal to took after itself when you iio on a vacation or leave your ham. for another one.

ELECT WOMEN MAYOR

LONDON —(CP)— Mrs. an. Reeves. for l6 years a Labor coun- elllor, has been elected mayor of Woolwlch. She has two sons and a daughter In uniform.

144 Richmond St.

flavor and

BLACK

IIIGKEY And

R. Brow & Son

F ire, Auto, Life, Accident, Sickness" and Plate Glass Insurance

at Lowest Rate

Agent at Summerside, D.‘ O. Stewart Charlottetown

NOMINATED ELECTED

Nomination l: only lull the battle. Afterwards the public speaks lb lnliul. Popularity bum! on quality nominated our tobacco’ long» ago u l. candidate for tobacco honors. B0- cnuu lt fulflllr all promise: of

Ind all chewing tobacco: in all Inland polls. ' '

HICKEY’S 1

"SOURIS 1'0 TlGNI-Sl-l"

Manufactured 53y.

mime». i111. ciaiiittltwr, 11.1.

AND

purity lt continues to

TWIST

iilitliotsoii

I ,4

ALIIX W. MA I HILQUN

Mann to Loan C 111111111511». souctroit.

- ‘~i'

NOVEMBER 24, 11,43 _

_.__-

IOUI Upon thls rock of nrin Intent

NATIONS

4n 1 1 a nuance-mama»-

From lee? of storm and curl; m

an

Here 1.11.1.1; our solemn convention,

Here strong before the future stand.

Pilgrims ‘like all who through n“:

i’%‘.’“l..‘;tl§.‘°.o‘€-f" a..~"“1*:.*.i:'~

Throufzatistfamlne. tlre, and acll-‘m.’ or’: thrill. “

We mcbor by the promised shor.

1n the Irlm season of our years. ; Aim! woods and hlbs stretch out:

ore .

And on tne plains ivumt ligmi appears. _

May Deuce Ind plenty be anal 1

Where ln mod wlll our vow wf ra .

To zuxum the weak and 1.11m ti“; 0Q .

And bless the earth with peaceful; days. 1

—Chu'les Malam ln the New York I Herald rrlbune. ~

HEROIC BANDSMEN

LODON —(CP)— Royal 1mm"; Bandsmen, many of viiium llltlnw gunnery control systems on war. ships. have won three D.S.l\l.'s.0ne BEM. and l4 member.- have m1, mentioned tn despiitcues. Nearly 2H0 have lost thelr llvcs Including 17 bnndmasters.

Keen Mlnnrd’: ln the 1111;»

' Evans’ Stomach Mixture --

Evcry person who In triruh- led with n: 111 the stomach and bowels lhnitld zet 11 bot- _ llo of Dr. Evan's Stomach - Mixture 111111 lee how quickly

wlll relieve n11 distressing A recommended

ncpull. Sour Stomach. lleairt- ‘burn Ind all ulﬁmach lrﬂiib- es.

Don't dolly. Order ynllr bottle willy. Prlce l5 cents.

MACS BLOOD FOOD TABLETS

For Illa and Thin People. A nvmblnutlon ‘especially valuable In the treatment of thou ileum when their orl¢ln_ l! lrlcebblejo l1; im- s... a a

lh blood Prion 60c per box.

MACS AMMONIATED BBONCIIIAL COMPOUND Belleveii Coughs, Colill. i‘. Bronchitis ~ If taken at the start itf cough o1- cold It wlll often

ohccli any spread nf the In- fection. Prlco 50 cents pe! bottle.

IllE TWO MAGS

Ill Great George Street

Mull Orders Given Prompt Attention.

Professional Cards

‘__

McLeod £4 Bentley

W. l. BENTLEY. u. c. J. A. BENTLEY. K. c. ..

Bun-Intern 41-11 Attorneys-at- Llvv .. . Ill Prlni-e sum i

olleetlnnl ETC- Offfuo: 90 Grout George Street

?._'__rzizﬂv M. ALBAN FARMER, u A. 1.1.11. .: mu1."""'5'§.li;.‘.§l"é%.l.lll'§;.‘1l1i.. uoivlv ro 1.0m

“H.

Harrell-ind company ll. F. AROIIIBALB

O‘ .. Accountant Illtorn ‘hut Blllllllll Charlottetown

Mji .- .___.._._.._i

tires rxiiiiutn

GLASSEQNBI-‘ITTEIJ

J. S. TAYLOR OPTOMETRIST

0on0: lent and Queen 51s lvcnlnn by Aﬂlmlntmefl‘!

Phone I050 l - rum lelldcnu 1011

FIETL‘ ‘a==1~1=A’ 1:11’ frson 2

1.01m "2121 To him-unwary. 1t l. 1mm

1|,i=_ McPhee B.A..K-c-.'- NOTARY c», IAIIISTIB 1105;113:311,"

ALMtR ts HASLAM»